small to medium 4 USDA FRRP_FRRPM_Ratio LFTOTANTIOX_LFTOTANTIOXM_TroloxEQumoles/g FW Biswas et al. 2019 University of Delaware RosBREED GDR FRFRESHWT_FRFRESHWT5M_g Feldmann, et al. SVD_SVD1-5M_1-5SUSCEPscale UC Davis 9 very sweet, no off-flavors SDE_SDEM_1-9SUSCEPscale RosBREED GDR RUNNERDATE_FRUNNERM_date USDA does not remove 1 RFOF_RFOF%M_% Zurn, et al. USDA RosBREED GDR CALYXREMOVE_CALYXREMM_1-9CALYXREMPscale 4 above surface GDR RosBREED ECOGDDREQH_GDDHM_days USDA BOTRYTIS_RBCM_0-1BOTRYTISscale USDA LFRW_FRFRESHWLGM_g low 3 USDA FLDATE1_FLDATE1M_FLDATE1date RosBREED GDR ATCYN_ATCYNP3GM_ATCYNmg/L_Pg-3-glucEq PLANTHABIT_PLHABM_1-3PLHABscale CPBR circular 8.0 1 highly resistant/no symptoms level with surface 3 RosBREED GDR FLEVAL_FLEVALM_0-1FLEVALscale breakage is inconsistent 3 conic 2 5.0 strongly above RosBREED GDR SPOAP_SPOAPM_1-9SUSCEPscale RosBREED GDR RUNNERNUM_RUNNERNUM1-9M_1-9RUNNERNUMscale 9.0 dark red STAMENPRES_STAMENPRES0-1M_0-1STAMPRESscale RosBREED GDR FRFRESHWT_FRFRESHWTLM_FRFRESHWT1Mg USDA 3 early 1 reniform 9 highly resistant/no symptoms RosBREED FRFLAV_FRFLAVM_1-9FRFLAVscale GDR RPF_RPF%M_% USDA RosBREED GDR TREXPOS_TREXPOS0-1M_0-1TREXPOSscale Pinkerton & Finn RMH_RMHM_1-5RMHscale USDA Salinas et al. 2019 University of Florida FRRAFR_FRAFR%M_% USDA EVERBERIN_EVER0-1M_0-1EVERscale yellow 2 USDA DAU_RUNDAUM_count RosBREED GDR SPO_SPOM_1-9SUSCEPscale 10.0 blackish red Knapp, et al. RMaPh_ RMaPhM_1-5RESISTscale UC Davis CALYXREFLX_CALYXREFLXM_1-3CALYXREFLXUPOVscale UPOV RosBREED GDR SKINGLOSS_SKINGLOSSM_1-9GLOSSscale FRpH_pH2M_pH USDA large to very large 8.0 2 partially remontant USDA BLDATE1_FLDATE1M_FLDATE1date GDR BEARINGTYPE_BEARINGRBM_count RosBREED University of Delaware Biswas et al. 2019 LFPUBESC_LFPUBESCM_1-3LFPUBESCscale 9 very light brown or green RUNNERNUM_RUNNERNUM1-7M_1-7RUNNERNUMscale CPBR STEMBREAK_PEDBRKM_text USDA PEDICELLEN_PEDICELLENM_cm USDA TITA_TITAM_TITAMeq/100gCA RosBREED GDR RVD_RVD1-9M_1-9RESISTScale University of California, Davis Pincot et al. 2020 ATCYN_ATCYNC3GM_ATCYNmg/L_Cy-3-glucEq USDA 5.0 orange red erect 9 ACHENECOL_ACHENECOL1-3M_1-3ACHENECOLUPOVscale UPOV 2.5 very symptomatic FRUITSET_FRSETM_1-9FRUITSETscale USDA 1 divides close to crown very high 9.0 9 blackish red medium orange 4 same level 3 CPBR FRCOLORUNIF_FRCOLORUNIFM_1-3FRCOLUNIscale USDA RUNNERNUM_RUNNERNUMCT_count PLANTHABIT_PLHABM_1-9PLHABscale USDA TACY_ATCYNC3GM_ATCYNmg/L_Cy-3-glucEq USDA RosBREED GDR FRFLCOL_FRFLCOLM_1-9FRFLCOLscale Università Politecnica delle Marche FRFIRM_PENEM_g Capocasa et al. 2008 UPOV BEARINGTYPE_BEARINGM_1-4PERPFLUPOVscale extremely vigorous 9 very easily removed 9 SKINCOL_SKINCOL1-9M_1-9SKINCOLscale RosBREED GDR ACHENEPOS_ACHENEPOS1-4M_1-4ACHENEPOSUPOVscale UPOV 1 high density 1 calyx size smaller than fruit diameter FRpH_pHM_pH RosBREED GDR 1 white RPP_RPPM_Rf USDA Pinkerton & Finn NEM-RF_RPPM_Rf 3 fully remontant hundreds 9 sunken 1 dark red 9 FLDATE100_FLDATE100M_FLDATE100date USDA RosBREED GDR PPMF_PPMFM_0-1PMFscale RosBREED GDR DRIPLOSS_DRIPLOSSM_g USDA CALYXREFLX_CALYXREFLXM_1-9CALYXREFLXscale RosBREED GDR FRSHAPE_FRSHAPERBM_1-9FRSHAPERBscale RPCRR_RPC%M_% USDA USDA STAMENPRES_STAMENPRES1-9M_1-9STAMPRESscale USDA RDE_REDM_1-9RESISTscale highly susceptible/severe symptoms 8 1 highly susceptible/severe symptoms TotalPhenolics_F-CM_mg/L_GallicAcidEQ RosBREED GDR 3 raised inserted 1 N stem does not break, berry separates from calyx easily entity even or very slightly uneven 1 1 upwards even 1 5 highly susceptible/severe symptoms 2 long conic 4 no fruit set FLDATE2_FLDATE2M_date USDA 1 strongly below FRSHAPEUNIF_FRSHAPEUNIFM_1-9FRSHAPUNIGRINscale USDA Università Politecnica delle Marche FRAP_FRAPFSHM_FSHEQumoles/g fruit Capocasa et al. 2008 oblate 9.0 GDR SMYFR_SMYFRM_1-9SUSCEPscale RosBREED PEDICLEBREAK_PEDBRKM_1-7PEDBRKscale USDA no fruit set 1 yellowish white 2 overcropped 9 RosBREED GDR TRUSSSIZ_TRUSSCOUNTM_ave FRCOL1_FRCOL1M_date USDA FRYIELD_FRYIELD1-9OM_1-9FRYIELDOscale UPOV 9 tough 3 small 6.0 medium to large USDA HD_FIRSTHARVM_date Università Politecnica delle Marche SKINCOL_REFLECTLM_L* Capocasa et al. 2008 3 light orange no flowers 1 USDA FLPETALNUM_FLPETALNUMM_average very large 9.0 RosBREED GDR ACHENEPOS_ACHENEPOS1-3M_1-3ACHENEPOSscale fully reflexed 9 6.0 pink USDA RPOAP_RPOAP1-9M_1-9RESISTscale wedged 9.0 7 many flowers UPOV FLDIA_FLDIAM_1-9FLDIAUPOVscale PLOIDY_FCDAPIIBLM_x USDA even 2 medium 5 5.0 globose-conic USDA CE_CROPEST_g 1 pinkish white 3 strongly uneven light red 7.0 Vining, et al. Oregon State RVD_RVD1-3M_1-3RESISTscale RPCCR_RPCCR%M_% USDA USDA FRYIELD_FRYIELD1-4M_1-4FRYIELDscale strongly below surface 1 PLANTHT_PLANTHTM_cm USDA UPOV FLDATE1REL_FLDATE1RELM_1-9FLDATE1RELUPOVscale USDA RMaPh_ RMaPh%M_ % Zurn, et al. R resistant RosBREED GDR FRFLCOLDEPTH_FRCOLDEPTHM_% many 7 USDA RPOAP_RPOAP%M_% 1 spreading 9 very glossy pedicle breaks well above calyx 7 FRSHAPE_FRSHAPEGGM_TXT USDA USDA RMYFR_RMYFRM_% attribute 1 conic 1 soft 1 no runners no fruit 1 UPOV FRSHAPE_FRSHAPEUPOVM_1-9FRSHAPEUPOVscale FRCOLORUNIF_FRCOLORUNIFM_1-5FRCOLUNIscale USDA 1 greenish FRFIRM_FRFIRMM_1-9FRFIRMscale RosBREED GDR RosBREED GDR SSC_SSCM_SSCg/100g TITA_TITAM_TITAMeqNAOH/100g Capocasa et al. 2008 Università Politecnica delle Marche RPF_RPF0-5M_0-5RESISTscale GDR RosBREED USDA STAMENHGHT_STAMENHGHTM_1-9STAMENHGHTscale calyx attachment is even with fruit 3 RVD_RVD%_% USDA 1 pedicle does not break UPOV CALYXPOS_CALYXPOS1-3M_1-3CALYXPOSUPOVscale oblong 5.0 1 no fruit SPF_SPFM_0-5SUSCEPscale RosBREED GDR plant has no stamens 1 PEDUNCLEN_PEDUNCLENM_1-5PEDUNCLENscale RosBREED GDR TREXPOS_TREXPOS1-5M_1-5TREXPOUPOVscale UPOV Jiménez, et al. RPCCR_RPCCR1-5M_1-5RESISTscale UC Davis intermediate 5 9 very firm 3 downwards 9 highly susceptible/severe symptoms 1 highly resistant/no symptoms upright 1 1 stamens shorter than receptacle USDA DNARATIO_DNADAPIIBLM_DNA/stdDNAIBL outwards 2 long conic 1 7 cordiform Chandra et al. 2021 University of Florida SCG_SCGWKM_R-Scategory RNEOP_RNEOP0-6M_0-6RESISTscale University of North Carolina Fernandez et al. slightly below surface 2 EPILGT_EPILGTM_cm USDA 3 red GDR FRYIELD_FRYIELD1-9M_1-9FRYIELDscale RosBREED 1 not remontant variable, no consistent breaking habit V semi-upright 2 NCRI Eikemo, et al. RPCCR_RPCCR1-8M_1-8RESISTscale PLOIDY_FCDAPIICFM_x USDA 1 highly resistant/no symptoms RosBREED GDR HARVDATE_HARVDATEM_date USDA FRD_FRRIPEM_days RosBREED GDR ACHENEVIABLE_ACHVIAM_% globose 3 RosBREED ECOGDDREQ_GDDFM_days GDR medium 5 Capocasa et al. 2008 Università Politecnica delle Marche SKINCOL_REFLECTCIXM_ChromaIndex pedicle breaks just above calyx 5 1 dull UPOV SKINCOL_SKINCOL1-10M_1-10SKINCOLUPOVscale calyx attachment is sunken below shoulder 5 oblate 7.0 USDA RPO_RPOM_% medium red 8.0 TITA_TITA0.5M_TITAMeq/100gCA USDA not uniform/malformed 1 rhombic 6.0 high 7 SKINTOUGH_SKINTOUGHM_1-9SKINTOUGHscale RosBREED GDR strongly uneven 5 FRAP_FRAPTROM_TroloxEQumoles/g FW Capocasa et al. 2008 Università Politecnica delle Marche very early 1 GDR CALYXPOS_CALYXPOS1-5M_1-5CALYXPOSscale RosBREED very soft 1 RFOF_RFOF1-5M_1-5RESISTscale UC Davis Pincot, et al. stamens taller than receptacle 9 dead 3.0 CALYXSZ_CALYXSZM_1-3CALYXSZscale RosBREED GDR spreading 3 divides 75% from crown 4 RosBREED GDR ACHENECOL_ACHENECOL1-9M_1-9ACHENECOLscale Strawberry ontology PLANTVIGOR_PLANTVIGORM_1-9PLANTVIGORscale GDR RosBREED 1.5 slightly symptomatic 2 divides at 25% from crown slightly below 2 3 few flowers medium 5.0 completely uniform/symmetrical and attractive 9 1 not reflexed RosBREED GDR CALYXPLUG_CALYXPLUGM_0-1CALPLUGscale 4 ovate highly susceptible/severe symptoms 1 USDA DNARATIO_DNADAPIICFM_DNA/stdDNAILF USDA 5FRW_FRFRESHWT5LM_g absent or very weak 1 3 cordate 2 medium yield high yield 1 level with fruit 2 FLDIA_FLDIAM_cm UPOV 1 dead slightly uneven 2 USDA FRYIELD_FRYIELDTWM_g USDA RTL_RUNTOTLENM_m USDA FRLEN_FRLENM_mm white 1 Y Stem breaks just above calyx, good for fresh market susceptible S FRDEV_FRDEVM_days USDA 3 protruding 2.0 mildly symptomatic complete fruit set 9 6.0 fingerling calyx size larger than fruit diameter 3 very small to small 2 globose 4 4 day neutral very resistant, healthy 1.0 TRUSSSIZ_TRUSSM_1-9scale UPOV 7 late large 7.0 9 plant has stamens 1 very small 2 calyx size equal to fruit diameter 1 not sweet, bad off-flavors 5 globose-conic conic-wedge 3 acronym few 3 5 medium number of flowers divides 50% from crown 3 1 calyx attachment raised above shoulder (necked) slightly above 4 Y** stem breaks well above calyx very late 9.0 3 slightly uneven medium density 2 1 dark low density 3 low yield 3 5.0 divides right before fruit 9 highly resistant/no symptoms Perpetual flowering RB method Record the number of weeks of flowering after week 11 from the first week of bloom. The plant resistance to root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. RPP Plant resistance to Pratylenchus penetrans root lesion nematode resistance to Pratylenchus penetrans root lesion nematode Plant Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to root lesion nematode caused by Pratylenchus prenetrans. Resistance to Pratylenchus penetrans number of nematodes/g root method FRpH Resistance to Phytophthora cactorum CR 1-8 method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to crown rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. Reproductive factor Fruit weight The weight of fresh fruit. fresh weight Fruit 5FRW Resistance to Phytophthora cactorum CR % method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to crown rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. Observe and rate average fruit shape on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Fruit shape RB method Observe and rate the average calyx size relative to fruit size on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Calyx size method ACHENEPOS Achene Achene position The postion of achene relative to the fruit surface. position Ferric reducing antioxidant power of fruit. FRAP Fruit ferric reducing antioxidant power Fruit ferric reducing antioxidant power SKINCOL color Skin color on the sun side of a fully ripe fruit. Skin color Skin FLDATE1 Date DNA/std DNA_ILF cm Pedicle breakage method Observe where the pedicle breaks during harvest. Weekly flowering evaluation Observe the plant weekly and record if it is flowering. g/100g resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina charcoal rot Plant The plant resistance to charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Plant resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina charcoal rot RMaPh Plant Plant DNA ratio Ratio of sample DNA to standard DNA. DNA ratio DNARATIO The plant resistance to red stele root rot caused by Phytophthora fragariae. Plant resistance to Phytophthora fragariae red stele root rot resistance to Phytophthora fragariae red stele root rot Plant RPF DNA ratio determination using DAPI with internal standard = iceberg lettuce. Performed by Plant Cytometry Services, The Netherlands. DNA ration determination using DAPI with internal standard = iceberg lettuce method 1-9 CALYXREM scale The height of the stamens relative to the receptacles. Stamen height Stamen height STAMENHGHT Luminance Achene color color ACHENECOL Achene The color of achene on the sun side of a fully ripe fruit. Stem length of primary fruit from calyx to truss. Pedicle length Pedicle length PEDICELLEN Observe the truss location relative to the foliage canopy and record it. Truss exposure 1-5 method length Fruit length Length of fruit from calyx to tip. Fruit FRLEN 0-1 STAMPRES scale mg/L Pg-3-gluc kg−1 mg/L Cy-3-gluc Eq The length of peduncle. Peduncle length length Peduncle PEDUNCLEN Resistance to Podosphaera aphanis % method Observe and rate theResistance of the plant to powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera aphanis. The plant resistance to leaf scorch caused by Diplocarpon earliana. resistance to Diplocarpon earlianum leaf scorch Plant resistance to Diplocarpon earlianum leaf scorch Plant RDE exposure Truss The position of the truss relative to the foliage. TREXPO Truss exposure FRFLCOL flesh color Fruit Fruit flesh color The color of fruit flesh. fresh weight FRFRESHWT The weight of fresh fruit. Fruit fresh weight Fruit 1-5 RESIST scale 1-3 CALYXREFLX UPOV scale FRpH pH The pH of fruit. Fruit Fruit pH Plant habit scale method Observe the plant and assess the erectness or spreading of the leaves along the ground. plug Calyx Presence or absence of central plug after calyx removal. CALYXPLUG Calyx plug Ratio Flower date first relative method Observe the plant and record the relative flowering of the first open flowers. RMYFR Plant The plant resistance to Mycosphaerella fragariae. Plant resistance to Mycosphaerella fragariae leaf spot resistance to Mycosphaerella fragariae leaf spot Pedicle breakage relative to the calyx. Pedicle breaking habit breaking habit PEDICLEBREAK Pedicle 1-9 SKINCOL scale Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae % method date Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to charcoal rot caused by Microphomina phaseolina. Resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina % method 1-9 FRYIELD Ordinal scale Observe and estimate the percentage of viable/filled achenes in 10% increments on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Percentage of viable achenes method Chroma Index The plant susceptibility to red stele root rot caused by Phytophthora fragariae. susceptibility to Phytophthora fragariae red stele root rot Plant susceptibility to Phytophthora fragariae red stele root rot SPF Plant 1-9 FRFLCOL scale Resistance to Phytophthora fragariae % method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to red stele root rot caused by Phytophthora fragariae. 1-9 FLDATE1REL UPOV scale susceptibility to Diplocarpon earliana Plant Plant susceptibility to leaf scorch caused by Diplocarpon earliana The plant susceptibility to leaf scorch caused by Diplocarpon earliana SDE Plant resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae wilt Plant resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae wilt RFOF The plant resistance to fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. Fruit shape GG method Observe and rate average fruit shape on 5 fruit per genotype. 0-5 SUSCEP scale The plant resistance to necrosis caused by Neopestalotiopsis sp. resistance to necrosis caused by Neopestalotiopsis sp. Plant resistance to necrosis caused by Neopestalotiopsis sp. Plant Ferric reducing antioxidant power FSH method RNEOP Measure FRAP using freshly prepared working FRAP solution (900 μl) and adding to 100 μl of standards or extracts. Standards curves using trolox (0–0.25 mM) and ferrous sulphate (0–0.5 mM) were run with each set of extracts and were linear within these ranges. Final result was expressed as ferrous sulphate heptahydrate (μmoles/g fruit). 0-1 TREXPOS scale 1-9 STAMPRES scale Fruit titratable acidity TITA titratable acidity The titratable acidity content of fruit. Fruit 1-9 RESIST scale mg/L Gallic Acid EQ Plant resistance to Phytophthora cactorum crown rot RPCCR The plant resistance to crown rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. Plant resistance to Phytophthora cactorum crown rot Measure pH of room temperature, homogenized fruit pulp samples by combining fruit and any juice lost during thawing in a zip top bag using an auto titrator. Fruit pH method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to crown rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. Resistance to Phytophthora cactorum CR 1-5 method Everbearing EVERBERIN Whether or not the plant has an everbearing habit bearing type Plant Fruit harvest date Fruit harvest date Record the Julian date when first fruit ripens at a specific location. HARVDATE Runner total length method Harvest all runners on a single day and measure the total length. 1-10 SKINCOL UPOV scale The plant susceptibility to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Plant susceptibility to Verticillium dahliae wilt Plant susceptibility to Verticillium dahliae wilt SVD FRSHAPE Fruit shape Fruit shape The shape of fruit. 1-9 CALYXREFLX scale RPCRR Plant resistance to Phytophthora cactorum root rot Plant resistance to Phytophthora cactorum root rot The plant resistance to root rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. 0-1 FLEVAL scale Color uniformity method Observe fruit color uniformity from even or very slighly unevento strongly uneven. Collect fresh leaves into 50 mL tubes filled with water. Capture the leaf image using a stereo zoom microscope. Leaf pubescence image capturing method Fruit ripen days FRD development Number of days from flowering to ripe fruit. Fruit Observe and rate the average fruit flesh color on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Fruit flesh color method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae, where 1 = highly resistant/symptomless and 9 = highly susceptible/severe symptoms Resistance to Verticillium dahliae scale 1-9 1-5 CALYXPOS scale Measure fruit firmness in grams using a hand-held penetrometer with a piston. Fruit firmness penetrometer method Harvest date Fruit HD Record the Julian date when first fruit ripens at a specific location. harvest date Percentage of viable achenes Achene viable The percentage of achenes that are viable. ACHENEVIABLE FLPETALNUM Average flower petal number. Flower Flower petal number petal number 1-9 FRSHAPUNI GRIN scale 1-9 ACHENECOL scale First runner date The Julian date of appearance of the first runners. Runner RUNNERDATE first emergence Achene position 1-3 method Observe average achene position relative to the fruit surface on 3-5 fruit per genotype and record it. Estimate the average skin toughness by dragging the thumb firmly over the skin on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Skin toughness method Fruit flesh depth of color flesh depth of color FRFLCOLDEPTH Fruit Depth of fruit flesh color. The degree of erectness of the leaves. Plant Plant habit PLANTHABIT habit Growing degree days to first flowering. Plant flower development ECOGDDREQ flower development Plant % FLDATE1 Flower Flower date first date first Julian date of first open flowers for an individual, whole plant, or population. 0-1 PMF scale Fruit yield total weight method Weigh total fruit yield and record it. Skin gloss method Observe and rate average fruit skin gloss on 3-5 fruit per genotype. 1-9 STAMENHGHT scale GG scale 1-9 FRYIELD scale Fruit flavor Fruit flavor The flavor of fruit. FRFLAV presence of powdery mildew PPMF The presence of powdery mildew on fruit. Fruit presence of powdery mildew Fruit Epipodium length EPILGT Epipodium Stem length of primary fruit from calyx to truss. length FSH EQ μmoles/g fruit DNA/std DNA_IBL scale_of Observe the plant and record the date when at the end of flowering. Flower date last method Plant BEARINGTYPE Evaluation to identify short-day plants that flower only in the spring when day length is less than 14 hrs, and those that continue to flower until the days begin to shorten in late summer. bearing type Plant bearing type Harvest and record the average weight of the largest primary fruit harvested when 30-50% of the fruit on each plant are ripe. Fruit fresh weight 1 method ATCYN Fruit total anthocyanin content total anthocyanin content Fruit The total anthocyanins of fruit. 1-4 PERPFL UPOV scale Resistance to Botrytis cinerea method Observe the presence of grey mold on the plant or fruit. Collect ripe fruit from the field and freeze to −18 °C within 24 h and hold for at least 3 days. Postharvest fruit quality data are measured on ripe frozen fruit, using pooled and homogenized five-berry samples. Sample pH is measured using pH meter. Fruit pH 2 method Calyx ease of removal Calyx ease of removal CALYXREMOVE Ease of calyx removal. 1-9 SUSCEP scale Appearance of first color on fruit FRCOL1 Appearance of first color on fruit. first color appearance Fruit g The plant resistance to leaf blight caused by Phomopsis obscurans. RPO resistance to Phomopsis obscurans leaf blight Plant resistance to Phomopsis obscurans leaf blight Calyx plug method Observe the presence of absence of a central plug remaining in the fruit after manual calyx removal. Observe and rate the susceptibility of the plant to red stele root rot caused by Phytophthora fragariae. Susceptibility to Phytophthora fragariae method average Plant height method Measure the tallest trifoliate leaf from crown to base of leaflets. Epipodium measurement method Measure the length of the epipodium of the primary fruit from the calyx to the truss. The weight of fresh fruit. LFRW Fruit fresh weight largest Largest fruit weight A 0.5 g aliquot of fruit puree is combined with 24.5 mL deionized water and a 0.5 mL aliquot is placed on refractometer. Percent titratable acid is expressed as equivalents citric acid. Titratable acidity 0.5 g citric acid method 1-9 RUNNERNUM scale 1-3 RESIST scale Plant fruit development Growing degree days to first harvest. fruit development Plant ECOGDDREQH The plant resistance to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Plant RVD Plant resistance to Verticillium dahliae wilt resistance to Verticillium dahliae wilt Skin The toughness of skin. Skin toughness toughness SKINTOUGH Count the total number of daughter plants from a single plant harvested on a single day. Daughter plantlet count count Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to red stele root rot caused by Phytophthora fragariae. Resistance to Phytophthora fragariae 0-5 method Resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum anthracnose fruit rot % method Observe and rate the resistance of the fruit to anthracnose fruit rot caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Fruit drip loss Percent weight lost when frozen berries are thawed. Fruit drip loss DRIP LOSS SKINGLOSS gloss The glossiness of skin. Skin Skin gloss RAFR Fruit resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum anthracnose fruit rot The fruit resistance to anthracnose fruit rot caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Fruit resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum anthracnose fruit rot Crop estimate Plant CE fruit yield The amount of harvested fruit per plant per season. Measure total anthocyanins of room temperature, homogenized fruit pulp samples by combining fruit and any juice lost during thawing in a zip top bag. Total anthocyanins were measured using the pH differential method as described by Lee et al. (2005) as the change in absorbance at 2 different pH values of 1.0 and 4.5. Total anthocyanins Pg-3-gluc method Flower Flower diameter FLDIA The diameter of flower at fully open. diameter The total phenolic acids of fruit. Fruit Fruit total phenolic acids content total phenolic acids content TPHE FLDATE100 date Fruit firmness method Compress a fully ripe fruit between thumb and forefinger and rate the average firmness of flesh on 3-5 fruit per genotype. RUNNERNUM The number of runners. Runner number Runner number 1-8 RESIST scale Skin color SKINCOL Skin color Skin color on the sun side of a fully ripe fruit. CALYXPOS The position of the calyx attachment relative to the fruit shoulder. position Calyx position Calyx The plant susceptibility to powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera aphanis. SPOAP susceptibility to Podosphaera aphanis Plant susceptibility to Podosphaera aphanis powdery mildew Plant STAMENPRES Stamen presence Stamen presence The presence of stamens. Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to leaf spot caused by Mycosphaerella fragariae. Resistance to Mycosphaerella fragariae method Stembreak txt Observe and rate the susceptibility of the plant to leaf spot caused by Mycosphaerella fragariae. Susceptibility to Mycosphaerella fragariae method 1-3 FRCOLUNI scale Resistance to Verticillium dahliae % method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. resistance to Podosphaera aphanis powdery mildew Plant Plant resistance to Podosphaera aphanis powdery mildew RPOAP The plant resistance to powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera aphanis. Skin color chromameter reflect L* brightness method Measure color on two sides of 10 ripe undamaged and uniform fruit by using a chromameter, that includes three parameters: L* (Luminance) a* (red tone) and b* (yellow tone) where L* is a measure of brightness. 1-4 FRYIELD scale Observe the diameter of the non-terminal flowers at fully open. Remontant plants should be observed at first flower flush. Flower diameter UPOV method total anthocyanin content Fruit The total anthocyanins of fruit. TACY Total anthocyanins FLDATE100 Flower date 100% Julian date of peak flowering for an individual, whole plant, or population. date 100% Flower STEMBREAK Stem breaking Pedicle breaking habit Pedicle breakage relative to the calyx. Fruit fresh weight largest method Harvest and record the largest fruit over the harvest season. 1-5 FRCOLUNI scale 1-9 SKINTOUGH scale Observe and rate the number of runners per plant. Number of runners 1-9 method Resistance to Verticillium dahliae 1-3 method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Measure soluble solids content of room temperature, homogenized fruit pulp samples by combining fruit and any juice lost during thawing in a zip top bag and using a refractometer. Soluble solids method variable_of Fruit uniformity of color. Fruit Fruit uniformity of color uniformity of color FRCOLORUNIF mm 1-3 ACHENECOL UPOV scale Total antioxidant content of leaves. LFTOTANTIOX Leaf Leaf total antioxidant content total antioxidant content R-S category Plant susceptibiltiy to crown rot caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Plant The plant susceptibiltiy to crown rot caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. susceptibiltiy to crown rot caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides SCG Fruit ripening trait The ratio of sugar to acid (TSS:TA) calculated as TSS divided by TA ripening trait Fruit FRRP Fruit FRUITSET set Fruit set The effeciency of fruit set at a specific location. Plant height Height of tallest trifoliate leaf. Plant height PLANTHT Skin color chromameter reflect chroma index method Measure color on two sides of 10 ripe undamaged and uniform fruit by using a chromameter, that includes chroma index, where a high chroma index indicates pale fruit and a low chroma index indicates dark fruit. Estimate fruit yield and record it. Fruit yield 1-9 method Calyx size Calyx The size of the calyx. CALYXSZ size days Flower date 100% method Observe the plant and record the date when at peak flowering. 1-9 FLDIA UPOV scale Titratable acidity citric acid method Measure titratable acidity of room temperature, homogenized fruit pulp samples by combining fruit and any juice lost during thawing in a zip top bag using an auto titrator with 5 grams of puree mixed with 45 ml of CO2-free water. Titrate samples with 0.1 normal NaOH to pH 8.1. Growing degree days flowering method Record the mean of daily maximum and minimum temperature, minus the base of 10 °C using appropriate weather station data beginning 1 January and accumulated throughout the year. Truss Truss size size TRUSSSIZ Number of flowers per truss 1-9 FRUITSET scale Observe the average achene color on 3-5 fruit per genotype and record it. Achene color 1-9 method Observe and rate the average positon of the calyx attachment relative to the shoulder of the fruit on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Calyx position 1-3 method Plant The presence of grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea on the plant or fruit. BOTRYTIS presence of grey mold Indication of resistance to Botrytis The total length of runners from a single plant harvested on a single day at a specific location. length total Runner Runner total length RTL Observe and rate the susceptibility of the plant to powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera aphanis. Susceptibility to Podosphaera aphanis method Crop estimate method Total cumulative mass of ripe fruits from up to four separate harvests between the harvest season at a specific location. Resistance to Meloidogyne hapla method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to root knot nematode caused by Meliodogyne hapla. 1-9 FRFIRM scale 1-9 FRGLOSS scale TITA The titratable acidity content of fruit. Fruit titratable acidity Fruit titratable acidity Measure the diameter of the flowers at fully open Flower diameter method Observe and rate the number of runners per plant. Number of runners 1-7 method Calculate the ratio of soluble solids to titratable acidity by dividing SSC or TSS by TITA or TA. SSC:TA method Quantify total antioxidant using an assay kit following manufacture directions. Measure endpoint absorbance at 405 nm using a colorimeter. Leaf total antioxidant assay method Fruit flavor method Taste the fruit and rate the average flavor of fruit as a perception of sweetness and presence of off-flavors on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Presence of stamens 0-1 method Observe presence of anthers and record it. DNA ratio determination using DAPI with internal standard = Ilex crenata Fastigiata method DNA ratio determination using DAPI with internal standard = Ilex crenata Fastigiata. Performed by Plant Cytometry Services, The Netherlands. 1-3 ACHENEPOS scale 1-5 RMH scale 0-6 RESIST scale Plant vigor The vigor of plant. vigor Plant PLANTVIGOR First fruit color method Record the Julian date when first fruit develops ripe color on at least half of its surface Observe the presence of flowers during each week in July, August and September. Everbearing flowering method Observe and rate the height of the stamens relative to the receptacle at flower opening. Stamen height method 1-9 FRFLAV scale 0-1 BOTRYITIS scale Record the mean of daily maximum and minimum temperature, minus the base of 10 °C using appropriate weather station data beginning 1 January and accumulated throughout the year. Growing degree days harvest method grams Fruit yield 1-4 method Estimate fruit yield and record it. Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to charcoal rot caused by Microphomina phaseolina. Resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina method Plant ploidy Plant ploidy PLOIDY The number of sets of chromosomes in the nucleus. FRSHAPEUNIF Fruit shape uniformity Fruit Fruit shape uniformity. shape uniformity Skin color 1-9 method Observe and rate the average fruit skin color once to twice weekly for when fruit color is fully developed and 30-50% of the fruit on the plant are ripe. Observe and rate theResistance of the plant to powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera aphanis. Resistance to Podosphaera aphanis 1-9 method Observe the plants and rate based on their flowering duration. Remontantcy is scored as follows: 1) flowering and fruiting only once in a season; 2) the potential to flower and fruit twice in a season, but strongly influenced by the environment; 3) flowering and fruiting twice in a season, largely irrespective of the environment; 4) flowering and fruiting multiple times, continuously in a season. Do not require decreasing day length for flower induction. In cases where stolons are observed, therefore, stolons produce flowers and fruits in the same season as the mother plant. Perpetual flowering method Fruit total water soluble solid content total water soluble solid content Fruit The soluble solids content of fruit. SSC Record the number of days from first flowering to ripe fruit. Fruit development method Observe and rate the susceptibility of the plant to leaf scorch caused by Diplocarpon earlianum. Susceptibility to Diplocarpon earlianum method Harvest date method Record the Julian date when first fruit ripens at a specific location. Plant Plant resistance to Verticillium dahliae wilt resistance to Verticillium dahliae The plant resistance to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. RVD Fruit shape UPOV method Observe and rate average fruit shape on 3-5 fruit per genotype. flesh firmness The firmness of fruit flesh. FRFIRM Fruit flesh firmness Fruit Observe the number of flowers per inflorescence. Number of flowers per truss estimation 0-1 EVER scale 1-5 SUSCEP scale Harvest and record the average weight of five primary fruit harvested when 30-50% of the fruit on each plant are ripe. Fruit fresh weight method Fruit flesh firmness FRFIRM Fruit flesh firmness The firmness of fruit flesh. Observe average achene position relative to the fruit surface on 3-5 fruit per genotype and record it. Achene position 1-4 method Measure FRAP using freshly prepared working FRAP solution (900 μl) and adding to 100 μl of standards or extracts. Standards curves using trolox (0–0.25 mM) and ferrous sulphate (0–0.5 mM) were run with each set of extracts and were linear within these ranges. Final result was expressed as trolox equivalents (μmoles/g FW). Ferric reducing antioxidant power trolox method Truss exposure 0-1 method Observe the truss location relative to the foliage canopy and record it. Number of runners count method Harvest and count the number of runners collected from a single crown on a single day in a specific location. date first Julian date of first open flowers for an individual, whole plant, or population. Bloom date first Flower BDF Fruit yield 1-9 O method Estimate fruit yield and record it. Trolox EQ μmoles/g FW Meq/100g citric acid Plant vigor method Observe plant vigor of the two clones and record the average. Drip loss method Remove frozen fruit samples the night before to fully thaw. Note the number of fruit per bag and weight to calculate average berry weight and percent drip loss. Carefully place the thawed fruit in a clamshell, separating it from the juice without squeezing the fruit, eliminating the release of excess juice or changing the fruit’s integrity. Weigh the juice. Calculate total drip loss as a percentage of fruit weight by the formula: W1-W2/W1 where W1 is the average berry weight before drip loss occurred and W2 is the average berry weight after drip loss. Observe the average achene color on 3-5 fruit per genotype and record it. Achene color 1-3 method Peduncle length method Observe average peduncle length and record it. fruit yield The fruit yield of one individual. Plant fruit yield FRYIELD Plant Calyx reflexion CALYXREFLX Calyx Reflexion of the calyx relative to the fruit shoulders. reflexion Plant resistance to Meloidogyne hapla root knot nematode The plant resistance to root knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla. resistance to Meloidogyne hapla root knot nematode Plant RMH 1-9 PLANTVIGOR scale 1-9 PLHAB scale FRDEV Fruit Number of days from flowering to ripe fruit. Fruit development development Presence of powdery mildew on fruit method Observe the presence of powdery mildew on ripe fruit. Flower Flower date last FLDATE2 date last Julian date of last flowering for an individual, whole plant, or population. Fruit appearance method Observe fruit appearance from not uniform to completely uniform. Ease of calyx removal method Estimate the average ease of calyx removal by grasping the calyx with fingers and pulling up on 3-5 fruit per genotype. FLDATE2 date Depth of fruit flesh color Slice the fruit down the meridian, observe and rate the average percentage of solid color in 10% increments on 3-5 fruit per genotype. 0-7 TRUSS scale The weekly development of flowers. FLEVAL development Weekly flower evaluation Flower 1-3 CALYXPOS UPOV scale Meq NaOH/100g Susceptibility to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides weekly method Observe plants weekly and record plant collapse due to C. gloeosporioides.Begin scoring for disease 1 week after inoculation and continue until the conclusion of the fruiting season. Measure disease severity by rating plant collapse using S to indicate susceptible plants and R to indicate resistant plants. 1-3 PLHAB scale 1-4 ACHENEPOS UPOV scale Flow Cytometry determination using DAPI with internal standard = Ilex crenata Fastigiata. Performed by Plant Cytometry Services, The Netherlands. Flow Cytometry determination using DAPI with internal standard = Ilex crenata Fastigiata method Observe presence of anthers and record it. Presence of stamens 1-9 method DAU daughters Runner Runner daughters The total number of daughter plantlets per plant harvested on a single day at a specific location. Fruit length method Measure the length of the fruit from the calyx to the tip and record in mm. Flower date first relative date first relative Relative date of first open flowers for an individual, whole plant, or population. Flower FLDATE1REL Observe and rate the susceptibility of the plant to leaf blight caused by Phomopsis obscurans. Susceptibility to Phomopsis obscurans method Resistance to Neopestalotiopsis sp. scale 0-6 Observe and rate the resistance of the plant or plants per plot to Neopestalotiopsis sp., where 0 = complete resistance/symptomless and 6 = completely dead plants Calyx reflexion method Observe the plant and record the reflexion of the calyx relative to the fruit shoulders Petal number average method Count the number of petals on 10 flowers and average the results meters Resistance to Diplocarpon earlianum method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to leaf scorch caused by Diplocarpon earlianum. Measure the length of the pedicel of the primary fruit from the calyx to the truss. Pedicel measurement method Total phenolics was measured on all fruit pulp samples by combining fruit and any juice lost during thawing in a zip top bag. Fruit was homogenized by rolling a weighted glass bottle over the bag, crushing the fruit and achenes. Homogenate was tested for titratable acid and then 1.5 mL was saved in three 2 mL tubes and stored at −80 °C. Thirty minutes prior to testing, one vial of each of the stored samples was thawed, vortexed and centrifuged. The determination of total phenolics was performed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method as described by Waterhouse (2002) modified for use in 90-well, flat-bottomed microplates (Greiner Bio-One, Monroe, NC, USA). Folin-Ciocalteu method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to leaf blight caused by Phomopsis obscurans. Resistance to Phomopsis obscurans method Leaf pubescence LFPUBESC Leaf pubescence The density of trichomes on the leaf surface. Flow Cytometry determination using DAPI with internal standard = iceberg lettuce. Performed by Plant Cytometry Services, The Netherlands. Flow Cytometry determination using DAPI with internal standard = iceberg lettuce method 1-7 PEDBRK scale Measure titratable acidity in 10 ml of juice diluted with distilled water (1:2 v/v) and titrated with 0.1 N NaOH, to pH 8.2, and expressed in mEq of NaOH per 100 g of fruit. Titratable acidity NaOH method 1-5 PEDUNCLEN scale The plant susceptibility to leaf blight caused by Phomopsis obscurans. susceptibility to Phomopsis obscurans leaf blight SPO Plant Plant susceptibility to Phomopsis obscurans leaf blight Flower date first method Observe the plant and record the date the first flowers open. x Observe and rate the susceptibility of the plant to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Susceptibility to Verticillium dahliae 1-5 method Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae 1-5 method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. Plant susceptibility to Mycosphaerella fragariae leaf spot The plant susceptibility to leaf spot caused by Mycosphaerella fragariae. SMYFR Plant susceptibility to Mycosphaerella fragariae leaf spot 1-7 RUNNERNUM scale 1-9 FRSHAPE UPOV scale Total anthocyanins Cy-3-gluc method Measure total anthocyanins of room temperature, homogenized fruit pulp samples by combining fruit and any juice lost during thawing in a zip top bag. Total anthocyanins were measured using the pH differential method as described by Lee et al. (2005) as the change in absorbance at 2 different pH values of 1.0 and 4.5. Resistance to Phytophthora cactorum RR% method Observe and rate the resistance of the plant to root rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. Calyx position 1-5 method Observe and rate the average positon of the calyx attachment relative to the shoulder of the fruit on 3-5 fruit per genotype. Observe and rate the fruit skin color. Skin color 1-10 method 0-1 CALPLUG scale 1-3 CALYXSZ scale Select 3 flower trusses, count the flowers and average the results. Number of flowers per truss count First runner date method Observe the plant and record the Julian date the first runners emerge at a specific location. Observe the number of fruit that a single plant sets in a specific location. Fruit set method method_of Harvest and record the total weight of the 5 largest marketable fruit over the harvest season. Fruit fresh weight 5L method 1-5 TREXPOS UPOV scale 1-3 pubescence scale 1-9 FRSHAPE RB scale