W_w[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood width IBET W-w cover2 cov2[Adonis] INRA Relative Vegetation/Rock cover Célia Michotey Abundant 2 BRAn5[Adonis] Branching - rating on 5 scales INRA Célia Michotey BRA_n5 13 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles NBDP Double feet number INRA Célia Michotey NBDP[Adonis] 06_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 10% of the bud burst BBCH_06 Célia Michotey INRA/IBET DESN[Adonis] Stem drying up grading DESN LP Célia Michotey LP[Adonis] INRA Leaf perimeter Célia Michotey Fructification regularity FRUC_REG FRU_R[Adonis] INRA eels Cork Eelness IBET eels[Adonis] Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey nSBD[Adonis] Number of secondary buds nSecBD INRA PR[Adonis] Célia Michotey PR Petiole ratio 49_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds lignified and mature INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_49 Branching degree RAM[Adonis] RAM INRA Célia Michotey INRA/IBET HTm Tree total height in m Hm HTm[Adonis] Célia Michotey SW[Adonis] SW INRA Célia Michotey Sinus width Célia Michotey 50% of leaves/needles out BBCH_15 INRA 15_NB[Adonis] INRA KS Célia Michotey KS[Adonis] Xylem hydraulic conductivity 69 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. INRA Célia Michotey 50% of fruits mature BBCH_85 85_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Shape FOR[Adonis] FOR None < 5% 77 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 10_NB[Adonis] BBCH_10 INRA First leaves/needles out Célia Michotey Célia Michotey BBCH_83 83_NB[Adonis] 30% of fruits mature INRA TDM PDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves TDM[Adonis] Total_mass Dry matter Plant biomass INRA/IBET Plant dry weight Dormant winter bud (late flushing) 1 IBET WF-l WF-l[Adonis] Wood fibers lengh Inês Chaves Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 4 CHALH Chalara on the tree upper part CHALHa INRA Célia Michotey CHAH[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey ANVERE AVR[Adonis] Year reference whorl gwmax[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey gwmax Maximum stomatal conductance Lamina largest width WP INRA Célia Michotey WP[Adonis] 20% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_72 72_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey WID[Adonis] Inês Chaves WID IBET Wood infradensity nSLBD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of latent secondary buds nSecLBD IBET Cork Quality Inês Chaves QUAL QUAL[Adonis] PoresArea_Ta Pore size -Tangential section IBET Pore-Ta P-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves % Prego-R %nail Area_Tr Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area NailInclusionsCoef_R PN-R[Adonis] Nail size percentage - Radial section IBET mBI[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey mBI Mean early wood density wood S/G Inês Chaves Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood IBET BS_s[Adonis] INRA Budset Célia Michotey Budset scoring BS_score Independant Vegetation/Rock cover cover1 INRA Célia Michotey cov1[Adonis] IBET An/Ci Inês Chaves Leaf carboxylation efficiency NM.F LNC NM INRA Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen content NM[Adonis] AC Growth stop August shots INRA Célia Michotey AC[Adonis] Total protein content per leaf area TPCa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey TPCa LWC% INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf water content LWC[Adonis] Expected heterozygosity INRA Célia Michotey He[Adonis] He mBF[Adonis] Mean late wood density INRA mBF Célia Michotey Budflush precocity INRA BF_p[Adonis] Célia Michotey BF_prec SLA INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SLAR Specific leaf area SLA[Adonis] Nail size Wood inclusions Inês Chaves NS[Adonis] IBET Prego 5 No fork INRA SPCm Célia Michotey Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass SPCm[Adonis] Male 1 IBET 1H[Adonis] Wood Hydrogen 1 Inês Chaves 1H Hydrogen 1 Number of alleles INRA NbA[Adonis] Célia Michotey NbA N-2WL[Adonis] Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition IBET N-2W_lent TB[Adonis] TB INRA Célia Michotey Number of buds at the terminal cluster Inês Chaves CAG[Adonis] IBET Cork annual growth Cork AG AnnualGrowth Tree ring width I RW ARW TRW TRW[Adonis] Annual ring width INRA/IBET Growth ring width Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 2 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point NBPIED Feet number INRA NBP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Inês Chaves PR-R[Adonis] IBET PoresRoundness_R Pore_Round-R Pore Roundness - Radial section Non-photochemical quenching Inês Chaves IBET NPQ Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) 2 THL INRA Célia Michotey THL[Adonis] Total hypertrophied lenticels INRA Célia Michotey MAR_n6 Marcescence - rating on 6 MARn6[Adonis] 71_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 10% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_71 Budflush BBCH Célia Michotey BF_NB[Adonis] INRA BF_BBCH CARm[Adonis] INRA CARm Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1 INRA Whorl defects Célia Michotey NDEFV[Adonis] NBDEF_V 1 Low allelic diversity IBET Net photosynthesis net_An Inês Chaves IBET SuberinFerulicA_CC Suberin Ferulic content Inês Chaves Budset date in cumulative night length BScnl[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey date_cnl BS_date_cnl INRA Célia Michotey Diameter largest branch DGB[Adonis] DGB Inês Chaves Hydrogen 2 2H IBET Wood Hydrogen 2 2H[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey SEL Phenotypic note SEL[Adonis] Between 25 and 50% of the area covered 6 BFSn8[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DEBFAGUS BF_score_n8 Budflush scoring - rating on 8 INRA Célia Michotey SACL Leaf saccharose content SACL[Adonis] Nail size area - Transversal section IBET nail Area_Tr Prego-Tr NS-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area INRA Célia Michotey NL[Adonis] NL Number of lobes Stomatal density STOM INRA Célia Michotey STOM[Adonis] 75% of crack bark 3 INRA NBRA NBRA[Adonis] Célia Michotey Ramicorn number 1 Flor INRA Alpha humulene content a.humulene Célia Michotey 5 2 Dead -9 FRUCN INRA Célia Michotey FRUCN[Adonis] Fructification note DEVFO Célia Michotey Become of fork DEVFO[Adonis] INRA HTrunk HTr[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Height trunk Terpinolene Terpinolene content INRA Célia Michotey NBUC Growth unit number NBUC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey RD[Adonis] RD Diameter below terminal bud INRA INRA Needles coloration Célia Michotey AIG AIG[Adonis] Célia Michotey BRR Straightened branch BRR[Adonis] INRA ND Number of day to reach budburst INRA Célia Michotey ND[Adonis] Frost damage Célia Michotey GEL[Adonis] GEL INRA/IBET INRA D_S Drought damage defects Célia Michotey DEF_SEC DEF_S[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBASD[Adonis] Number of years sympodic - straight tree NBASD -5 Dead Pore-R Pore size - Radial section IBET PoresArea_R P-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves Small 1 Célia Michotey Amax[Adonis] INRA Amax Maximum assimilation rate SEN_BBCH Senescence BBCH INRA SE_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey RQm[Adonis] RQm Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass NAAT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of years with terminal bud accident NAAT 80% of fruits reached maximum size 78_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_78 Célia Michotey CBAS Tree circumference at the collar CIRC_B CIR_Base CIR_B[Adonis] CCO INRA Célia Michotey CIR_B CIBAS 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 85 NF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of flushes NF ? 3 BC[Adonis] Inner plank surface color Inês Chaves cor da barriga IBET color da barriga BC IBET WV-d[Adonis] Wood vessels diameter WV-d Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey ECL Thinning ECL[Adonis] CLOI aSeqBC INRA Sequential branches angle aSBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Observations COM COM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DESC Comments Célia Michotey BarkR Bark roughness BarkR[Adonis] INRA 70 The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 08_NB[Adonis] Leaves comes out of 10% of buds INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_08 Célia Michotey Epicormic branch volume INRA vEpiBC vEBC[Adonis] 75_NB[Adonis] 50% of fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_75 INRA Célia Michotey 10% of fruits mature 81_NB[Adonis] BBCH_81 Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 nPBD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey nPriBD Number of primary buds 33_NB[Adonis] INRA Shoots at 30% of their size Célia Michotey BBCH_33 Forking score - rating on 5 INRA Célia Michotey FOSn5[Adonis] FO_score_n5 Branch angle - rating on 4 INRA Célia Michotey ANGn4[Adonis] ANG_n4 INRA Célia Michotey TE[Adonis] Terminal bud dead TE IBET Leaf electron transport rate Inês Chaves ETR Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding Inês Chaves IBET N-A&E_lent N-AEL[Adonis] Budflush.I INRA BF_BL[Adonis] DEB Bud burst BF_score_BL Bud break Budflush.F Budflush.UK Célia Michotey Broadleaves budflush scoring Budflush Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 WCC WCC[Adonis] Cellulose wood composition INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA 70% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 17_NB[Adonis] BBCH_17 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 2 INRA Double feet DP[Adonis] Célia Michotey DP Status STAT INRA Célia Michotey STAT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Fructification abundance 2 FRUT[Adonis] FRUT 2 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls Start of shoot growth INRA Célia Michotey 30_NB[Adonis] BBCH_30 INRA Célia Michotey Diameter of terminal bud TBD[Adonis] TBD N-LL[Adonis] IBET Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying Inês Chaves N-Lygn_lent Mean lowest density values min5[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey min5 nPLBD[Adonis] nPriLBD Number of latent primary buds INRA Célia Michotey IBET Gs Inês Chaves Transpiration rate More than 10 non-agglomerated sores 3 Inês Chaves Formiga Formiga IBET Formi[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Shoot dry mass SHDM[Adonis] SHDM Percentage of compression wood WC% WCP[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Branching habit BRAH[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BRAH Healthy, no sore 1 Célia Michotey NCI Competition index NCI[Adonis] INRA Volume INRA Vol[Adonis] Célia Michotey Vol IBET Ci Internal CO2 concentration Inês Chaves Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles 15 INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Hemicellulose wood composition WHC[Adonis] WHC PEPc[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc INRA Célia Michotey RQ[Adonis] RQ Célia Michotey CRL INRA Rubisco content in leaves espessura depois de cozido IBET cork thickness after boiling ESP_B[Adonis] ESP_B Inês Chaves preguentas/madeirentas Inês Chaves preguentas/madeirentas IBET Célia Michotey BBCH_82 20% of fruits mature 82_NB[Adonis] INRA INRA Célia Michotey 65_NB[Adonis] 50% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_65 DC[Adonis] INRA/IBET Crown dieback DCI DC Célia Michotey 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 89 Alpha copaene content INRA a.copaene Célia Michotey 40_NB[Adonis] 10% of shoots at growth stop INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_40 Inês Chaves WRP-t[Adonis] WRP-t IBET Wood radial parenchyma thickness Inês Chaves IBET SuberinGlycerol_CC Suberin Glycerol content BBCH_93 30% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey 93_NB[Adonis] DES[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of dry years on the stem DES Stomatal conductance to water vapour gW[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey gW Fork in lower third of the tree 1 INRA Flexuosity - rating on 5b Célia Michotey FLX_n5b FLX5b[Adonis] MAR_coef Célia Michotey Marcescence coefficient MARc[Adonis] INRA Leaf relative water content LRWC Inês Chaves IBET HGB HGB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Height largest branch Dead tree 5 Slenderness El HD C_EL INRA Célia Michotey C_El[Adonis] Tolerance INRA tol[Adonis] Célia Michotey Tol 60% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 96_NB[Adonis] BBCH_96 Célia Michotey VI_BI[Adonis] INRA varintraBI Célia Michotey Variance of early wood density values 80 The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) INRA Célia Michotey Average rainfall Prec Height.UK Height.I TH Célia Michotey Height.F Tree total height H HT[Adonis] INRA/IBET HT Assimilation rate Célia Michotey A INRA A[Adonis] P-Tr[Adonis] Pore-Tr IBET Inês Chaves Pore size - Transversal section PoresArea_Tr CM Célia Michotey Leaf carbon content CM[Adonis] INRA CM.F Célia Michotey BBCH_68 68_NB[Adonis] 80% of flowers sexually mature INRA enguy[Adonis] IBET enguy Inês Chaves Cork discontinuities INRA BBCH_18 Célia Michotey 80% of leaves/needles out 18_NB[Adonis] 3 Polycyclism on lateral shoots only IBET An Photosynthetic rate Inês Chaves IBET SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Inês Chaves No leaves have fallen 0 INRA Célia Michotey DF_n5[Adonis] DF_n5 Defoliation - rating on 5 Smooth bark, some cracks 1 Célia Michotey CHAL_n5 CHALn5[Adonis] Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 INRA INRA Célia Michotey Blossoming BBCH FLO_BBCH FL_NB[Adonis] Chalara on the tree lower part CHAB[Adonis] Célia Michotey CHALB CHALinf INRA INRA Célia Michotey REC REC[Adonis] Harvest Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Wood carbon 13 d13Cc Carbon 13 13C[Adonis] 13C INRA/IBET NbI INRA Célia Michotey NbI[Adonis] Number of individuals NBV[Adonis] NBVOIS INRA Célia Michotey Alive neighboring trees 39_NB[Adonis] BBCH_39 Shoots at 90% of their size INRA Célia Michotey INRA Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass LCCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey LCCm 1 60% of flowers sexually mature INRA BBCH_66 66_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey IBET Phenols_CC Polyphenols cork composition Inês Chaves RA Ramicorn RA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey MaxWi Maximum water use efficiency INRA MaxWi[Adonis] Célia Michotey nEpiBC Number of epicormic branches INRA Célia Michotey nEBC[Adonis] Shoots at 70% of their size BBCH_37 INRA Célia Michotey 37_NB[Adonis] LA LAR Leaf area LA[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves NBNPRO Nests number INRA Célia Michotey NBN NBN[Adonis] Number of intercalary veins NV[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NV IBET Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Inês Chaves Frost damage note Célia Michotey GELN[Adonis] GELN INRA/IBET IBET SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC Inês Chaves Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Célia Michotey germacrene Germacrene content INRA INRA Célia Michotey Elevation elev[Adonis] elevation 34_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_34 Shoots at 40% of their size Dead 2 90% of flowers sexually mature 69_NB[Adonis] BBCH_69 INRA Célia Michotey Nail size percentage - Transversal section % nail Area_Tr PN-Tr[Adonis] % Prego-Tr NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section IBET IBET Lenticels : number of cells dividing N-DL[Adonis] N-div_lent Inês Chaves Célia Michotey %N Leaf nitrogen content %N %N[Adonis] INRA IBET Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Inês Chaves BF_d[Adonis] Budflush date INRA Célia Michotey Budburst date BF_date Angle between 30 and 40° 2 C/N[Adonis] C:N Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio INRA Célia Michotey C/N C/N nLBD nLBD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of latent buds Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa RQa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey No straight stem (severe) 1 Inês Chaves Root water content IBET RWC Média 4 5 ? No marcescent 0 INRA Célia Michotey LW LW[Adonis] Lobe width Fruits/Cones number mean INRA Célia Michotey NBF_mean NBF_m[Adonis] NBASF INRA NBASF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of years sympotic - forked tree Allelic richness AR_bis INRA Célia Michotey AR2[Adonis] 0 Kept INRA Célia Michotey Alpha pinene content a.pinene NBS Secateur knocks number INRA Célia Michotey TAI NBS[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_80 First fruits mature 80_NB[Adonis] ARM[Adonis] INRA ARM Armillaria Célia Michotey ARMILL INRA RQp Célia Michotey RQp[Adonis] Rubisco content per gram of proteins Inês Chaves % Pore-Ta PorosityCoef_Ta % Pore size - Tangential section IBET PP-Ta[Adonis] LS INRA Célia Michotey LS[Adonis] Leaf surface Célia Michotey Canker_LL Canker lesion length Canker.length CLL[Adonis] INRA/IBET canker_length BBCH_50 Dormant winter flower bud INRA Célia Michotey 50_NB[Adonis] 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 74 Mean flush length INRA Célia Michotey MFL[Adonis] MFL Célia Michotey INRA CHALHOU Crown Chalara CHALH[Adonis] 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining 1 BF_CO[Adonis] Célia Michotey Conifers budflush scoring BF_score_CO INRA Tree diameter Célia Michotey DBH[Adonis] D INRA/IBET DBH DIA An_LightCurve_leaf Inês Chaves Photosynthetic rate - light curve IBET An_LightCurve het5 Célia Michotey max5-min5 INRA het5[Adonis] BarkT[Adonis] BarkT Bark thickness INRA Célia Michotey At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 07 IBET cork S/G Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey 88_NB[Adonis] BBCH_88 80% of fruits mature 92_NB[Adonis] BBCH_92 INRA 20% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey Flexuosity - rating on 5 Célia Michotey INRA FLX_n5 FLXn5[Adonis] Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 CHAL_n3 INRA Célia Michotey CHALn3[Adonis] GRA Gr GRA[Adonis] Seeds INRA Célia Michotey 1 Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) deltaCIRC deltaC Circumference increment deltaC.F INRA Célia Michotey deltaC.I ICIR[Adonis] ICIR 2 Average tree 2 BBCH_98 INRA 98_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey IBET Stem_L Stem length Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey 3 carene content 3Carene INRA Célia Michotey Limonene Limonene content 64_NB[Adonis] BBCH_64 40% of flowers sexually mature INRA Célia Michotey rEBC[Adonis] rEpiBC INRA Célia Michotey Epicormic branches per epicormics Plant width at the soil level R R[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey LPOUS[Adonis] LPOUS Branch length INRA LONG LB Célia Michotey Shoot length INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_77 70% of fruits reached maximum size 77_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Individual aspect expo[Adonis] aspect INRA Survival SURb INRA Célia Michotey Health status ESb SURb[Adonis] IBET Pores Frequency Inês Chaves Pores Frequency PoF[Adonis] Trunk diameter below largest branch DT INRA Célia Michotey DT[Adonis] BBCH_91 10% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey 91_NB[Adonis] Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area INRA Célia Michotey LCCa LCCa[Adonis] 1 photo[Adonis] Photo photo INRA Célia Michotey DOC Dissolved oxygen content INRA Célia Michotey DOC[Adonis] 65 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. COMP INRA Célia Michotey Competition COMP[Adonis] Healthy 1 IBET Stem_D Stem diameter Inês Chaves Dormant winter bud 00 Célia Michotey 07_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds burst BBCH_07 INRA Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 7 INRA Célia Michotey 13_NB[Adonis] 30% of leaves/needles out BBCH_13 AnII_Ef Inês Chaves Photosystem II operating efficiency IBET 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks 2 INRA Célia Michotey Buds swelling BBCH_01 01_NB[Adonis] BS_date INRA BS_d[Adonis] Budset date Célia Michotey date15.F date15.3 date15.UK date15.I date15.3.F date15 HBM HBM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Height first dead branch 5 Hanging down (> 90°) 2 90° Célia Michotey P50[Adonis] Xylem pressure P50 INRA Mean ring density mpond[Adonis] INRA mpond Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA 30% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_73 73_NB[Adonis] Tree unharmed, not attacked 5 BiomF Célia Michotey BioF[Adonis] Foliar biomass BioF INRA INRA Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR[Adonis] Célia Michotey HPR Pore_Round-Ta Pore Roundness - Tangential section Inês Chaves PoresRoundness_Ta PR-Ta[Adonis] IBET 6 INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_90 90_NB[Adonis] First leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey PLAG[Adonis] PLAG Plagiotropy 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. INRA BRAn3[Adonis] BRA_n3 Branching - rating on 3 Célia Michotey Nail size area - Radial section IBET nail Area_R Wood inclusions area - Radial section Prego-R NS-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves 61_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 10% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_61 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks 4 gC gC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Stomatal conductance to CO2 Green white bud, beginning of leaves 4 SCm Saccharose content per leaf dry mass SCm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 60_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_60 First flowers sexually mature A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 3 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes C_nbF[Adonis] CHAL_nbF INRA Chalara influence on leaves Célia Michotey RECD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey RECD Harvest date Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 NBBR INRA Célia Michotey NBBR[Adonis] Branches number NBBRA BBCH_84 84_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 40% of fruits mature Ci130 Tree circumference C130 CIR Tree girth CIR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Floral buds emerged but closed BBCH_55 INRA 55_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey nSBC[Adonis] Number of sequential branches nSeqBC INRA Célia Michotey a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content Dead -9 canopy_projection INRA Célia Michotey canop[Adonis] Canopy projection SuberinOleicA_CC Inês Chaves Suberin Oleic content IBET INRA Célia Michotey nP[Adonis] Number of primary branching nP INRA Célia Michotey LCH CHALCOL Collar Chalara CHALC[Adonis] Flexuosity - rating on 3 INRA Célia Michotey FLX_n3 FLXn3[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey LN/LC LN/LC[Adonis] Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Pore Length - Radial section IBET Pore_L-R Inês Chaves PL-R[Adonis] PoresLength_R 70% of fruits mature 87_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_87 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch Number of repetitions REP REP[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Leaf chlorophyll content LCC INRA Célia Michotey LCC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Petiole length PL PL[Adonis] IH[Adonis] IHeight HPOU deltaH INRA Célia Michotey deltaH.F HI IH Height increment rege[Adonis] Natural regeneration regeneration INRA Célia Michotey LWC Inês Chaves Leaf water content IBET Célia Michotey NLV Total number of leaves NLV[Adonis] INRA INRA Célia Michotey BS Lamina basal shape BS[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 3 ANG_n3 INRA Célia Michotey ANGn3[Adonis] 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 86 0 Null GOU Epicormic branches INRA Célia Michotey GOU[Adonis] GOURM IBET WUE Inês Chaves Water use efficiency WUE[Adonis] Temp_MIN INRA Célia Michotey Mean minimum temperature 30% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_63 63_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves RDM[Adonis] R_mass RDM RDW Root biomass Root dry mass Shoots at 20% of their size INRA Célia Michotey 32_NB[Adonis] BBCH_32 WD Wood density Inês Chaves WD[Adonis] IBET Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 0 WI[Adonis] Withered leaves INRA Célia Michotey WI 12C Carbon 12 Wood Carbon 12 IBET 12C[Adonis] Inês Chaves AR[Adonis] Allelic richness AR INRA Célia Michotey Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 35 Individual slope slope slope[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 7 Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 1 Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) 5 IBET SuberinEnedioicA_CC Suberin Enedioic content Inês Chaves Height first living branch HBV[Adonis] INRA HBV Célia Michotey ID INRA Célia Michotey ID[Adonis] Identification IBET WRP-h[Adonis] Wood radial parenchyma high Inês Chaves WRP-h 64 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Basal sweep CB CB[Adonis] INRA bs Co Célia Michotey Fis Fis[Adonis] Fixation index INRA Célia Michotey CARa Carotenoid content per leaf area INRA Célia Michotey CARa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Mean intrinsic water use efficiency MWi MWi[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Soluble protein content per leaf area SPCa SPCa[Adonis] FLO[Adonis] FLO Blossoming INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey ESBR[Adonis] Health status red strip ESBR 3 Very marcescent Nail size percentage - Tangential section % Prego-Ta PN-Ta[Adonis] NailInclusionsCoef_Ta Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section % nail Area_Ta IBET PorosityCoef_R % Pore size - Radial section IBET % Pore-R Inês Chaves PP-R[Adonis] INRA Canker number Célia Michotey Canker_nb NBCH CNB[Adonis] NBCHA Chrysomela INRA Chrysomela leaf consumed area Célia Michotey CLCA[Adonis] INRA GO Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Célia Michotey GO[Adonis] INRA Pubescence along the veins Célia Michotey HRn[Adonis] HRn 2 Top dry cs BBCH_09 50% of buds with leaves coming out INRA 09_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey NBRACH Rachis number NBR[Adonis] INRA Delta.F d13Cf Leaf carbone isotope discrimination D13C[Adonis] Célia Michotey delta C13 d13C INRA/IBET discriC13 Delta13C delta-13C INRA Delta cadidene content Célia Michotey d.cadidene Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency IBET Inst_Carbon_eff Inês Chaves At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 06 INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Shoot/Root dry mass S/RDM[Adonis] S/RDM S:R SDM/RDM Number of sylleptic shoots Syllep Syllep.F RAMA INRA Célia Michotey Sylle[Adonis] Syllep.UK Syllep.I 40% of fruits reached maximum size 74_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_74 NBBRM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBBRM Nomber of master branches INRA Célia Michotey 20% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_62 62_NB[Adonis] 2 Medium heterozygosity Shoots at 80% of their size INRA BBCH_38 Célia Michotey 38_NB[Adonis] 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 84 INRA Sampling ECH[Adonis] Célia Michotey ECH WT% WTP[Adonis] Percentage of tension wood INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 2 F2 fully stretched no bud structure A few fruits in a small section of the crown 1 BBCH_67 INRA 67_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 70% of flowers sexually mature 4 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant WAP-t Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t[Adonis] IBET BR IBET relevo da barriga Inner plank surface uniformity Inner plank surface relief Inês Chaves BR[Adonis] Fruits/Cones number NbCones Célia Michotey NBF NBF[Adonis] Nb_cones Nb_cone NBCON INRA INRA Célia Michotey Amean[Adonis] Mean assimilation rate Amean INRA Célia Michotey SEN Senescence SEN[Adonis] UN[Adonis] UN Uredinia Number INRA Célia Michotey Boa 3 Marcescence - rating on 4 INRA MAR_n4 Célia Michotey MARn4[Adonis] Lf[Adonis] Leaf number Lf Inês Chaves IBET Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles 14 CR-w[Adonis] Cork ring width IBET Inês Chaves CR-w 60% of fruits mature INRA Célia Michotey 86_NB[Adonis] BBCH_86 Tree gone 5 INRA 97_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 70% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_97 Célia Michotey Health status SUR MOR SUR[Adonis] ES INRA/IBET S Survival Célia Michotey LMA[Adonis] Leaf mass per leaf area LMA INRA GS[Adonis] GS Enzymatic activity of Glutamine INRA Célia Michotey 1 Angle close to the right angle 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 66 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 76 Célia Michotey stone[Adonis] stone_content Soil stone content INRA INRA Célia Michotey EHLD[Adonis] EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter SEX SEX[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Sex determination IBET Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork cork H/S/G Inês Chaves 7 mi INRA mi[Adonis] Minimal ring density Célia Michotey NbFourches NBFO[Adonis] NBF INRA Célia Michotey Forks number NF NBFO Inês Chaves Pore_L-Ta PoresLength_Ta Pore Length - Tangential section IBET PL-Ta[Adonis] IBET Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Inês Chaves SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC 3 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves SAR SAR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves INRA 60% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey BBCH_16 16_NB[Adonis] ? 6 Célia Michotey gwmean gwmean[Adonis] INRA Mean stomatal conductance INRA Number of additional feet Célia Michotey NBPIEDSUP NBPS[Adonis] PIL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey PIL Penetration opposition Expected heterozygosity INRA Célia Michotey He2[Adonis] He_bis IBET PoresRoundness_Tr Pore Roundness - Transverse section PR-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pore_Round-Tr S_mass SDW INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SDM Stem biomass SDM[Adonis] Stem dry mass F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 2 ? Ring surface INRA surf surf[Adonis] Célia Michotey Soil water availability IBET SWA Inês Chaves Damaged tree 2 INRA/IBET Canker_GI Girdling.index CGI[Adonis] Célia Michotey Canker girdling index girdling_index Chl a/b Chlorophyll a to b ratio Inês Chaves IBET Canker cumulative length CCH Canker_LLC INRA CLLC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) 1 Game damage note INRA Célia Michotey GIBN[Adonis] GIBN Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content IBET SuberinAlkanoicA_CC FRUC CON INRA Célia Michotey FRUC[Adonis] Fructification 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 Total protein content per leaf dry mass INRA Célia Michotey TPCm[Adonis] TPCm 90% of leaves/needles out BBCH_19 INRA Célia Michotey 19_NB[Adonis] US INRA Célia Michotey US[Adonis] Uredinia size mer_ls 4 Very vigorous 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 91 Célia Michotey Forking index FO_i[Adonis] Fork_index FO_index INRA Girth at 1m Tree circumference at 1m CIR1 INRA/IBET Circum.F Circum.UK Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Circum.I CIR1[Adonis] BBCH_45 INRA Célia Michotey 45_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds with juvenile coloration Forking score - rating on 4 FOSn4[Adonis] FO_score_n4 INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey g.cadidene Gamma cadidene content INRA 4 Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead delta N15 INRA Célia Michotey Delta15N Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination D15N[Adonis] d15N INRA DEF D_P Célia Michotey DEF[Adonis] Plant defects 2 Regular Groups: presence of scattered groups 3 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 88 1 Dead 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 78 BBCH_70 INRA Célia Michotey First fruits reached maximum size 70_NB[Adonis] 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 95 Inês Chaves TSuberin_CC IBET Total suberin content Célia Michotey 99_NB[Adonis] 90% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_99 INRA Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h[Adonis] IBET WAP-h 2 Female 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 68 BBCH_11 INRA Célia Michotey 11_NB[Adonis] 10% of leaves/needles out Leaf carbon content %C %C[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey TPgCa INRA Célia Michotey TPgCa[Adonis] Total pigments content per leaf area 5 - 20% Little BBCH_95 INRA Célia Michotey 50% of leaves faded or fallen 95_NB[Adonis] COUL INRA LC Célia Michotey LC[Adonis] Leaf color The majority of the flower buds have begun to open 53 37 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Percentage venation INRA PV Célia Michotey PV[Adonis] Célia Michotey Stomatal index SI[Adonis] SI INRA 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. DHL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DHL Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Thin branches but distributed along the shoot 4 3 Fork in upper third of the trre Prego-Ta nail Area_Ta Inês Chaves IBET Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area NS-Ta[Adonis] Nail size area - Tangential section IBET PhiPS2 Inês Chaves Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Game damage Célia Michotey GIB[Adonis] GIB INRA/IBET 3 Significant damages INRA AVP[Adonis] Célia Michotey AVP Ability to vegetative propagation INRA Célia Michotey b.myrcene Beta myrcene content Very visible leaves 5 BF_B[Adonis] Bud burst BF_score_B INRA Célia Michotey At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 NBAMD INRA Célia Michotey Number of years monopodic - straight tree NBAMD[Adonis] 3 Late VI_BF[Adonis] varintraBF INRA Célia Michotey Variance of late wood density values 2 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height na Missing data DBRA DBRA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Branche diameter GBRA FRU_A[Adonis] Célia Michotey Fructification abundance FRUC_AB INRA Tree growth INRA Célia Michotey GR[Adonis] Vigor GR ? 8 Pore Length - Transversal section PL-Tr[Adonis] IBET PoresLength_Tr Pore_L-Tr Inês Chaves 4 4 Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot ANFO INRA Forking year Célia Michotey ANFO[Adonis] At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 49 Inflated bud 2 Cork Porosity Inês Chaves PP[Adonis] %Pores IBET 2 More than 1 pollarding 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point 5 19 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles Suberin Alkanols content IBET SuberinAlkanols_CC Inês Chaves BBCH_14 14_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 40% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey Budflush scoring - rating on 3 BFSn3[Adonis] BF_score_n3 INRA 1 No damage INRA Célia Michotey LD[Adonis] Latent Period LD 4 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected INRA Célia Michotey varintracerne Intra-ring variance VIC[Adonis] 98 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 60 - 80% High Lamina length INRA LL Célia Michotey LL[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area LNCa LNCa[Adonis] DEV_BBCH INRA Growth BBCH DV_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey RQn RQn[Adonis] Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen INRA Célia Michotey 12_NB[Adonis] BBCH_12 20% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey 2 Codominant tree Straight 0 WV-t[Adonis] IBET WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness Inês Chaves ESP thickness Inês Chaves ESP[Adonis] IBET Cork thickness before boiling espessura S50 Célia Michotey S50[Adonis] INRA Slope of the vulnerability curve 1 1 pollarding INRA VER Célia Michotey Deviation from verticality VER[Adonis] Epinasty EPI[Adonis] EPI INRA Célia Michotey LDW Leaf dry mass L_mass LDM INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LDM[Adonis] Leaf biomass Less than 10% of the area covered 4 Shoots.F Shoots.I Shoots.UK Shoots INRA Célia Michotey Number of resprouts Shoot[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey PETIOL P_F Petiols without leaves P_F[Adonis] % Pore-Tr PP-Tr[Adonis] PorosityCoef_Tr IBET % Pore size - Transversal section Inês Chaves b.caryophyllene INRA Célia Michotey Beta caryophyllene content IBET Cal Caliber Cal[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cork plank thickness calibre 76_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 60% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_76 drd INRA Célia Michotey IRD[Adonis] Increase of diameter below the apical bud INRA TpgCm Total pigments content per leaf dry mass TPgCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey No hypertrophied lenticels 0 Inês Chaves Stem water content SWC IBET 90% of fruits mature 89_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_89 Célia Michotey IBET Chlorophyll b Inês Chaves Chl b Pubescence in lamina central part INRA Célia Michotey HRf HRf[Adonis] Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 36 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 62 4 A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown INRA Célia Michotey Fructification BBCH FRUC_BBCH FR_NB[Adonis] 5 1 120° Pores Area Inês Chaves Pores Area PoA[Adonis] IBET 3 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) 40 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 4 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant Uncertain 2 Superior 2 75 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BarkT_mean INRA Célia Michotey Bark thickness mean BT_m[Adonis] 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen DCE INRA Célia Michotey DCE[Adonis] Pollarding 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference 0 Monoecious (both male and female) 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 INRA Célia Michotey ANG_n5 Branch angle - rating on 5 ANGn5[Adonis] BBCH_31 Shoots at 10% of their size INRA Célia Michotey 31_NB[Adonis] 2,5 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height Dry or broken crown 1 0 No branch INRA Célia Michotey POLY POLY[Adonis] Polycyclism nature FO[Adonis] Fork FO INRA Célia Michotey Mean strongest density values max5 max5[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 Wood fibers thickness IBET WF-t[Adonis] WF-t Inês Chaves 11 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles Absence 0 Worst color 0 Up to 50% of affected shoots 2 2 1 to 2 very strong curves Célia Michotey mid[Adonis] Medium ring density mid INRA INRA Lamina shape Célia Michotey Obversity OB OB[Adonis] 2 Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 6 Embossed leaves INRA/IBET NID Célia Michotey Nests presence NID[Adonis] 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree 5 NBCH[Adonis] Collar canker number INRA Célia Michotey NBCH soil_depth Soil depth INRA Célia Michotey depth[Adonis] Light meander 1 10 Worst 1 Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 93 4th quarter (below 23°) 1 Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 IBET N-deb[Adonis] Number of debarkings N-debark Inês Chaves 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Lobe width ratio INRA LWR[Adonis] Célia Michotey LWR INRA Célia Michotey Beta pinene content b.pinene Moderate to strong bends (severe) 2 INRA Célia Michotey 40% of leaves faded or fallen 94_NB[Adonis] BBCH_94 BBCH_51 51_NB[Adonis] Flower buds swelling INRA Célia Michotey sabinene Célia Michotey INRA Sabinene content NBAMF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBAMF Number of years monopodic - forked tree ? 7 55 The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. Detailed health status ESD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey ESDET 1 Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels Completely defoliated 0 Woodpecker Inês Chaves Pica-pau Woodp[Adonis] IBET Woodpecker Célia Michotey NSEC[Adonis] Drought damage note SECN INRA Pores Length Inês Chaves PoLe[Adonis] IBET Pores Length Acute angle less than 45 ° 3 2 Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam Drought damage FS Célia Michotey FSE SEC SEC[Adonis] INRA/IBET 0 Plagiotropic No symptom 0 4 Angle[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey ANG_n3b Branch angle - rating on 3 INRA Survival rate Célia Michotey SUR_R[Adonis] SUR_Rate 3 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) IBET Cobrilha Cobri[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cobrilha Célia Michotey BBCH_36 Shoots at 60% of their size 36_NB[Adonis] INRA Many and/or large branches 3 Green 1 Absence: no recruit visible 1 5 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles 0 Smooth bark, no cracks ma INRA Célia Michotey Maximal ring density ma[Adonis] INRA DIST[Adonis] Distance individual/neighbor Célia Michotey DIST Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm[Adonis] INRA/IBET LNCm Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 Temp_MAX INRA Célia Michotey Mean maximum temperature Forks number - x-ray Célia Michotey nFork nFork[Adonis] INRA 3 White bud (hair) BBCH_79 90% of fruits reached maximum size 79_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey [fork height] Fork still present at the given height 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch 1 Angle between 0 and 30° BBCH_35 Shoots at 50% of their size 35_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey DCS[Adonis] DCS Crown dieback status INRA Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall 1 Camphene content INRA Célia Michotey camphene Célia Michotey pBF[Adonis] Percentage of late wood pBF INRA 1 Alive and frozen attribute 100 % feuillé, bien vert No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green 5 Célia Michotey HFO HTF Height fork HFO[Adonis] INRA 4 ACC INRA Célia Michotey ACC[Adonis] Annual increase 1 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference acronym vSBC[Adonis] vSeqBC INRA Sequential branches volume Célia Michotey entity Early 1 09 At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible INRA Célia Michotey nE[Adonis] nEpis Number of epicormics Straight 5 Medium 40 - 60% Beautiful tree, to keep 3 No polycyclism 0 3 Leaning tree absence 0 4 No fork 38 Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 1 Cut 3 Chalara very present BBCH_03 Buds ready to burst 03_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Crown without damage 0 0 No fruits 0 Alive Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain 1 3 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point ? 4 1 damage to the n-1 shoot 63 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Pores Roundness Inês Chaves IBET Pores Roundness PoR[Adonis] 3 Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels 4 Crown completely green ST[Adonis] INRA Leaf Staining Célia Michotey ST 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining 2 IBET Sacharides_CC Inês Chaves Polysacharide cork composition 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 83 NBREC[Adonis] CONREC INRA NBREC Harvest number Célia Michotey Suberin Tyramine content Inês Chaves SuberinTyramine_CC IBET Inês Chaves SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content IBET IBET Inês Chaves Chlorophyll a Chl a Dormant winter bud 1 Crown spread crown_size crown[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Crown size 5 Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 8 Dormant winter bud 1 Fraca 6 Very high 80 - 95% Flower buds opening 53_NB[Adonis] BBCH_53 INRA Célia Michotey Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) 3 3 Vigorous 2 Crown completely yellow Rust INRA ROU Célia Michotey ROU[Adonis] CANK[Adonis] Canker Cankers INRA Célia Michotey DIACOL INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves DIA_C[Adonis] CD Root collar diameter DIA_col DCOL RCD Inês Chaves IBET Terrentas/Barrentas Terrentas/Barrentas BBCH_00 INRA Célia Michotey Dormant winter buds 00_NB[Adonis] Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible 3 3 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 99 1 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry presence 1 51 The majority of the flower buds began to swell 8 Other 08 At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 32 Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 3 Crown starts yellowing na Missing data 2 Medium allelic diversity 92 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Doubtful -5 WoodyPlant ontology 3 High allelic diversity 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 5 9 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 34 Unscathed tree, without damage 0 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 Low heterozygosity 1 1 Few and/or thin branches Doubtful 2 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 0 On no branches 67 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Low marcescence 1 The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen 90 Multi strands mbs Totally dry plant 4 94 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 5 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered 3 Ill 6 INRA Defoliation - rating on 3 Célia Michotey DF_n3 DF_n3[Adonis] 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals Intermediate 2 3 Very strong meander fts Cracks 3 4 Angle between 40 et 55° 3 20 - 40% Low 6 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent LDR Lobe depth ratio INRA Célia Michotey LDR[Adonis] Refugo 7 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated Low growth 1 Tree to cut 1 1 Less than 10% of affected shoots 30 Start of shoot growth Célia Michotey Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area EP[Adonis] EP INRA 8 More than 75% of the area covered Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 4 1 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot 1 Medium 3 Up to 75% of affected shoots 2 Fork in middle third of the tree Doubtful 1 Winter dormant flower bud 50 2 Moderate damages 1 Dying tree Strong meander 2 2 Marcescent 4 Dry tree 4 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 Dominant tree 3 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Absolutely straight stem (none) 5 2 Acute angle greater than 45 ° 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 61 5 The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 Observed heterozygosity Célia Michotey Ho[Adonis] Ho INRA 2 Less vigorous 8 Spread leaves, long shoot Irregular 1 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip 2 5 Média 4 1 to 2 light curves High heterozygosity 3 1 Dominated tree A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown 3 Thin and few branches 5 Very late 4 ram Ramicorn Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 39 1 ? 2 Little early 81 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 12 2 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference Below 30° (steep) 1 1 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed 3 Accidentally cut 0 ? 10 Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 4 The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 0 Apical bud red brown 33 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Crown dieback 7 17 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 0 no damage Big 5 Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 4 Crown dieback dc Full cover > 95% 2 Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) 16 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles 0,5 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 0 Nothing 3 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 3 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) Fork 6 All buds dormant or just enlarged 1 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 79 2 Between 30° and 60° Orthotropic 1 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet On all branches 2 10 Perfect 0 Alive and unfrozen Nothing, no chalara 0 Chalara easy to see 2 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 4 1 Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height Medium 3 Game damage 9 3 1 to 2 strong curves Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 Alive 0 72 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet More than 2 very strong curves 1 Healthy tree 0 60° 3 Angle greater than 55° 4 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 97 96 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell On some branches 1 Forks fch Best color 10 3 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 2 Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 3 Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 82 2 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 2 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Thinning protocol cork The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue Formiga status quality Formiga Visual scoring Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Count Plant height protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer None None Wood axial parenchyma high Wood axial parenchyma high high axial parenchyma WAP-h Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_35 evaluation Year Numerical unknown elevation plant elevation Individual elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. Chlorophyll protocol epinasty leaf Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward Epinasty EPI quantity Secondary bud quantity Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. secondary bud SecBD Camphene content molecule content camphene Camphene content leaf ID plant identification Identification Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Cork discontinuities protocol None Photosystem II operating efficiency leaf AnII_Ef photosystem II Photosystem II operating efficiency Canopy projection protocol Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_82 evaluation Variance Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Presence/Absence Unknown Computation per leaf area Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area photo observation Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found Photo plant polycyclism Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season Polycyclism nature plant POLY None Computation per gram of nitrogen Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Medium value defects plant Plant defects DEF Assessment of the plant defects Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree soil Natural regeneration regeneration regeneration Assessment of canker quantity Canker quantity Canker quantity canker BBCH_63 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. sabinene Sabinene content leaf Sabinene content molecule content ‰ Competition scoring scale leaf Saccharose content in leaves Leaf saccharose content saccharose content SACL None Wood vessel protocol Minimal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree azimuth azimuth Individual aspect soil leaf An photosynthetic rate The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. Photosynthetic rate BBCH_18 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. Delta cadidene content Delta cadidene content d.cadidene molecule content leaf Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_12 evaluation Calendar day molecule content a.copaene Alpha copaene content Alpha copaene content leaf stone content Stone content in the soil around the tree Soil stone content soil stone_content Budflush date Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time bud break BF_date Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale Nail inclusions cork Prego nail inclusions Area of the nail inclusions Budflush scoring scale on 3 leaf stomatal conductance Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour Suberin Alkanols content Suberin Alkanols content suberin content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). nkat/mg Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying cell lygnifying N-Lygn_lent Lygnifying lenticel cells cork Bark roughness scoring scale Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection BBCH_76 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet PhiPS2 photosystem II Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II leaf SI Stomatal index stomatal index Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area leaf molecule content leaf Alpha pinene content a.pinene Alpha pinene content Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Leaf relative water content protocol Annual increment of cork rings thickness growth cork Cork AG Cork annual growth None Cork ring width protocol Chemical content protocol Content measured by chemical analysis Precocity scoring scale BBCH_08 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales BBCH_94 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation break Assessment of the bud break level Budflush bud BF_score shoot/root Shoot/Root dry mass Shoot to Root dry weight ratio biomass S/RDM double feet Assessment of double feet quantity quantity DP Double feet quantity Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Bark thickness mean SAR enzymatic activity leaf Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves Specific activity of rubisco in leaves Delta15N Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves Delta 15N leaf nitrogen discrimination Latewood density BF Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season latewood wood Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Fruits/Cones mean Visual count Visual count Curves scoring scale on 5 µmol.m-2.s-1 Mass percentage ICIR Circumference increment stem Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem circumference Stomatal density STOM leaf stomatal density Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration Forking scoring scale on 5 Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_95 evaluation Comments Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal plant COM observation Pores Length Pore lenght pore lenght Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank cork a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content leaf Alpha cubebene content molecule content quantity Master branches quantity Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter master branche NBBRM cork age scoring scale Protein content in leaves TPC leaf protein content Leaf protein content Epicormic primary bud quantity primary epicormic bud Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time quantity PriLBD REP plant Number of repetitions replicate Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated HT Tree height Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown plant height Pore area protocol None growth Growth stop shoot Assessment of the stop of shoots growth AC Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Dry weight protocol Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper protocol AIG needle color Needles coloration Assessment of the Larch needles coloration Slope protocol Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. plant biomass Dry matter Weight of the plant dry matter TDM None Computation sequential branch sequential branch Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed Sequential branches quantity SeqBC Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_78 evaluation Quenching protocol None Measurement None Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine Suberin Tyramine content cork suberin content Suberin Tyramine content sinus SW Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf Sinus width width PIL Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration stem Penetration opposition pilodyn diameter D stem Diameter of the tree main stem Stem diameter Gradians Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem IH height Height increment plant Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_62 evaluation Rubisco content in leaves Leaf rubisco content RQ leaf rubisco content Terrentas/Barrentas quality Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas cork A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. leaf nitrogen/carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon LN/LC cm3 Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Mean value g/100g Broadleaves budflush scoring scale Regeneration scoring scale Minimal meteo value The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values None Leaf surface protocol suberin content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Cellulose wood composition Cork chemical composition in cellulose WCC wood cellulose content BC color Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk cork Inner plank surface color Half-day molecule content Limonene content leaf Limonene content Limonene Epicormic quantity Epis quantity epicormic Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. Defoliation scoring scale on 5 The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene Cobrilha Cobrilha status quality cork kg/m3 porosity cork Cork Porosity Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. %Pores Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Calliper 130cm protocol Abundance in crown scoring scale Allelic richness AR Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population population allelic richness linha Survival plant survival SUR Assessment of the survival state of the tree Sex scoring scale Growth scoring scale Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Ribbon 130cm protocol Soluble protein content in leaves leaf protein content SPC Leaf soluble protein content Canker girdling stem Canker_G lesion Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Cork ring width cork CR-w ring width Cork ring width Drought damages scoring scale Shape scoring scale mm Uredia number protocol Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Growth BBCH scoring scale Ratio Root water content Amount of water in roots water content RWC root Non-photochemical quenching quenching Non-photochemical quenching NPQ leaf Sampling ECH Individuals sampling for a specific study selection plant BBCH_99 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_03 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. size uredinia US Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus Uredinia Size Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation None Nail size protocol VER plant deviation verticality Measurement of the deviation from the verticality Deviation from verticality BBCH_01 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell Basal sweep Assessment of the basal curve stem CB basal curve Chlorophyll content in leaves LCC Leaf chlorophyll content chlorophyll content leaf increase Annual increase ACC Annual increase Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants BBCH_50 evaluation RACH rachis Rachis quantity quantity Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha pé de linha Branch diameter diameter DB branch Assessment of the diameter of the branch The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope Aspect protocol Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_39 evaluation PR petiol Petiole ratio Petiole ratio Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_07 evaluation X-Ray protocol Observation made by X-Ray plant GEL Frost damage Assessment of frost damages damages Heterozygosity scoring scale mm2 Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches volume vEpiBC Epicormic branches volume epicormic branche BR relief Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface Inner plank surface relief cork cm plant Branching degree Branching degree branching RAM Temperature on the site of the population Temp Temperature temperature population NbI Number of individuals Number of individuals in the population quantity plant Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Crown scoring scale BBCH_19 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. quantity shoot Shoots Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing Resprout quantity suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content cork Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content g/m2 Branches angle scoring scale on 5 Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale Number of buds at the terminal cluster Buds at the terminal cluster bud number TB Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Number of secateur knocks when shaping NBS pruning Secateur knocks number plant None Lobe depth protocol Degree cork quality Woodpecker status Woodpecker The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. ANFO stem Forking fork Notation of the fork appearance BBCH_13 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness cell wall thickness wood vessel plant DES drying up Stem drying up Assessment of the drying up level of the stem Blossoming BBCH scoring scale ARM Armillaria plant armillaria Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree Lenticels protocol None Intra-ring variance varintracerne Intra-ring variance ring wood BarkT thickness Bark thickness bark Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark Nitrogen content in leaves leaf LNC Leaf nitrogen content nitrogen content Cork plank color scoring scale quality cork Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying Tension wood WT% None Stable isotope analysis branch Reference whorl Year of appearance of the reference verticula appearance ANVERE Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Enzymatic activity of Glutamine enzymatic activity GS leaf BBCH_84 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_49 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature Bark thickness protocol Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. canopy_projection crown Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) Canopy projection diameter Leaf mass/area protocol The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Assessment of seeds quantity Seeds quantity quantity seed GRA SLA protocol Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) leaf Percentage venation Percentage venation venation PV Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² % Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Forking score protocol Measured by leaves weighing Biomass protocol Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) Rust ROU plant rust BBCH_89 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) mg/g BF_prec bud break bud Coefficient of the budflush precocity Budflush precocity µm leaf molecule content Alpha humulene content Alpha humulene content a.humulene None Wood parenchyma protocol quantity Primary bud quantity Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. PriBD primary bud Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Branches angle protocol 2 population Prec Rainfall Rainfall on the site of the population precipitation leaf LMA Leaf mass per leaf area Leaf mass per leaf area mass/area Needles coloration scoring scale Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. Plagiotropy PLAG plant geotropism Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time quantity Epicormic bud quantity epicormic bud LBD WF-t Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness fiber thickness wood leaf Leaf perimeter LP Leaf perimeter perimeter plant Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown BioF Foliar biomass foliar biomass Heterozygosity heterozygosity population Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population Heterozygosity Suberin Glycerol content cork suberin content Suberin Glycerol content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol BBCH_61 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_15 evaluation ring width Tree ring width Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree TRW wood Fixation index Fis Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population population panmixia stem Stem dry mass SDM biomass Weight of the dry stem Regularity of the fructification FRUC_REG plant Fructification regularity fructification Tolerance tolerance plant Tol Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants plant Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree Tree flexuosity flexuosity FLX Assessment of the survival state of leaves survival leaf WI Withered leaves Canker girdling index protocol Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Pilodyn protocol Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions quantity growth unit Assessment of growth units quantity NBUC Growth unit quantity latency LD Latency measured against a given rust strain plant Latent Period hydrogen content Wood Hydrogen Hydrogen content in wood wood H Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_88 evaluation fructification Fructification Assessment of the fructification FRUC fruit thickness Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). Caliber Cal cork Number Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_77 evaluation Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface Mean wood density Assessment of forks position on the tree forks position FO_score plant Forking score lamina Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade HR pubescence Lamina pubescence Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Cork thickness before boiling protocol Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels DHL Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels lenticel color BBCH_71 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Cork thickness after boiling protocol To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II ETR protocol slenderness C_El Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter Slenderness plant leaf Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol BBCH_51 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell WP Lamina largest width width Largest width of the lamina lamina BRA Branching density plant branch Assessment of the tree branches density Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Assessment of shoots growth Shoot growth growth shoot DEV mmol H2O m-2 s-1 Root dry mass biomass RDM Weight of the dry root root branch Straightened branch straightening BRR Assessment of straightened branch g Polycyclism scoring scale Branching scoring scale on 3 Ramicorn quantity quantity Assessment of the ramicorn quantity ramicorn RA Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place plant ECL Thinning thinning Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Suberin chemical content protocol Pores area pore area cork Pores Area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol mg/cm2 NBVOIS neighbors Alive neighboring trees Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree plant Assessment of drought damages Drought damage SEC plant damages width Plant width at the soil level Plant width at the soil level in spring R plant molecule content leaf 3 carene content 3 carene content 3Carene lamina length Lamina length Lamina length LL wood Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant ring Ring density B Survival state scoring scale Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_69 evaluation Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass leaf SLA specific area Specific leaf area The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Maximal value RD diameter Shoot diameter branch Shoot diameter Counting made with X-Ray X-Ray counting protocol N-2W_lent Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition cork Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition plant SEN senescence Senescence Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. H/S/G molecule content wood Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open BBCH_53 evaluation Geotropism scoring scale Damage scoring scale BBCH_16 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_55 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. electron transport Leaf electron transport rate leaf Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf ETR Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Radial section protocol Game damage GIB Assessment of game damages stem damages Visual scoring BBCH Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Pollarding scoring scale wood Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant surf ring surface Ring surface Wood radial parenchyma high Wood radial parenchyma high high WRP-h radial parenchyma Tree circumference CIR stem circumference Circumference of the tree main stem whorl default DEF_V Whorl defects Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. Branching habit branch Branching habit BRAH primary branching quantity Assessment of primary branching quantity nP Primary branching quantity Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area counting protocol BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree LV quantity Leaf quantity leaf Soil depth around the tree soil depth soil_depth Soil depth BBCH_65 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. transpiration leaf Gs Transpiration rate Transpiration rate Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy stem Height trunk HTrunk height Eelness scoring score C/N leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. Epicormic branches quantity Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure quantity EpiBC epicormic branch Fructification BBCH scoring scale Leaf staining leaf ST staining Leaf staining Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Pole protocol Canker lesion length protocol Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. BBCH_93 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell CNL protocol Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time None Wood infradensity protocol Maximal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed None Degree celsius Chlorophyll ratio protocol Chlorophyll a to b ratio µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Thinning scoring scale lenticel EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter diameter External hypertrophied lenticels diameter Budburst scoring scale Collar protocol Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale Budflush scoring protocol Petiol ratio protocol None length PL Petiole length Petiole length petiol Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Fruits/Cones protocol BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Increase protocol Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) volume Vol Volume W-w width Wood width wood Wood width Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas eels cork Cork Eelness epicormic Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics rEpiBC Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics epicormic branche spread crown Crown size Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width crown_size pigment content TPgC leaf Leaf pigments content Pigments content in leaves Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Sylleptic shoots quantity Syllep sylleptic shoot quantity FO_index forking index Forking index Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position plant Shape of the lamina shape Lamina shape lamina BS Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Neighbor distance protocol cork Suberin Ferulic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid suberin content Suberin Ferulic content BBCH_40 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) Leaf coloration scoring scale Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Virtual plot protocol plant Tree shape Assessment of the shape of the tree shape FOR Collar diameter protocol Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Forking index protocol SUR survival Health status red strip Assessment of the health status related to red band disease plant NL Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina Lobe quantity lobe quantity Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation Tolerance protocol cork enguy Cork discontinuities discontinuities Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced µmol CO2 / mmol H2O BBCH_92 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Chl b leaf Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll b chlorophyll content Calendar year None Cork age protocol Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree Feet quantity NBPIED foot quantity Status scoring scale Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves carbon discrimination Delta C13 leaf Delta13C BBCH_31 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) cork Compression wood Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage WC% quality Uredinia Size scoring scale C wood carbon content Wood Carbon content Carbon content in wood LA Total area of the leaf leaf Leaf area area Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). het5 None diameter Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter wood vessel WV-d BBCH_87 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) UN uredinia number Uredinia Number Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus leaf Germacrene content Germacrene content molecule content germacrene WD Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood wood density Wood density Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Independant cover protocol Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_64 evaluation Day net_An Net photosynthesis Net photosynthesis roughness Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark bark BarkR Bark roughness Inst_Carbon_eff leaf Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Regularity scoring scale Colorimetric protocol Colorimetric determination plant Chalara CHAL Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea chalara bud Terminal bud diameter Diameter of terminal bud TBD diameter cork Suberin Enedioic content Suberin Enedioic content suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content suberin content cork Epicormic secondary bud quantity Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time SecLBD quantity secondary epicormic bud Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) EP epidermal cell leaf Adaxial epidermal cells BBCH_09 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Repetitions protocol LDM Leaf dry mass Weight of the dry leaf biomass leaf Computation per leaf dry mass Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass BBCH_66 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Identifier Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Cork industrial quality protocols cm2/g REC sampling Sample(s) collected on the tree Harvest plant A Assimilation rate assimilation Assimilation rate leaf NF plant Flush flush Assessment of flushes during the growing season m Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Comsumed leaf protocol Chrysomela leaf consumed area consumed area Chrysomela Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) leaf Polyphenols composition cork Phenols_CC polyphenols Chemical composition in polyphenols Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Stem length protocol Leaf counting protocol Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant enzymatic activity HPR Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase leaf Spike protocol Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. cm2 Terminal bud status TE survival bud Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem Fork quantity Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° FO fork quantity Budset protocol Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Fructification scoring scale Wood fibers lengh WF-l fiber lengh wood Wood fibers lengh Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_67 evaluation Xylem pressure P50 xylem Xylem pressure presure Unknown Unknown Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_68 evaluation Survival scoring scale Total suberin content Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores Total suberin content suberin content cork None Obversity protocol Detailed survival scoring scale Lobe width ratio lamina LWR Lobe width ratio lobe Visual assessment Visual assessment BBCH_38 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Debarking protocol None bud Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time Budset date BS_date budset cork N-div_lent Dividing lenticel cells cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing sequential branch Sequential branches volume quantity vSeqBC Assessment of the sequential branches volume Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. plant monopodic monopodic Monopodic growth AVP Ability to vegetative propagation Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. pore roundness cork Pores Roundness Pores roundness Terminal bud accident bud accident NAAT Recording of an accident on the terminal bud Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_32 evaluation Shoot diameter protocol Measured below the terminal bud leaf surface LS Leaf surface Leaf surface Height of the branch Branch height branch HB height Relative cover protocol Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Budflush BBCH scoring scale Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS xylem hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity Computation per gram of protein None Rust scoring scale Beta caryophyllene content Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene leaf molecule content Cork plank uniformity protocol wood Wood infradensity Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood WID infradensity Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 Branches angle scoring scale on 3b Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow plant Competition competition COMP dm Chalara influence on leaves Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number CHAL_nbF chalara leaf None Epicormic percentage protocol Pores frequency Number of pores in frame area cork Pores Frequency pore frequency length Stem length Stem_L Stem length stem None Percentage venation protocol petiol Assessment of petiols without leaves Petiols without leaves leaf PETIOL sympodic Sympodial growth Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. sympodic plant BBCH_36 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_98 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. QUAL cork quality Cork quality dry mass SHDM Shoot dry mass Shoot dry mass shoot mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 Suberin Oleic content Suberin Oleic content suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide cork Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. None Wood fiber protocol Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_17 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve mol.m-2.s-1 plant Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors distance neighbor distance Distance individual/neighbor None Pore lenght protocol Expert visual assessment for cork belly color Cork plank color protocol The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Maximal meteo value Soil water availability Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO leaf enzymatic activity plant Sex determination Determination of the tree sex sex SEX Allelic richness scoring scale Defects scoring scale Blossoming scoring scale Forking scoring scale on 4 thickness WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness Wood radial parenchyma thickness radial parenchyma chlorophyll content Chl a Chlorophyll a leaf Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue BBCH_75 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet plant growth GR Assessment of the growth of the tree Tree growth Senescence BBCH scoring scale slope vulnerability curve S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_72 evaluation Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion Canker_LL Canker lesion length stem Carbon content in leaves leaf CM Leaf carbon content carbon content Capillary electrophoresis Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Assessment of alleles quantity in the population NbA quantity allele Alleles quantity Wood density protocol Wood density at 12% moisture content cells alongating/expanding cork Growing lenticel cells N-A&E_lent Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Cumulative value Day number protocol Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon Budflush scoring scale sur 8 vpm [C02] Additional feet quantity foot NBPIEDSUP Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage Lobe ratio protocol None Girdling index Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_70 evaluation Wood width protocol None Budset Assessment of the budset level BS_score budset bud The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Average meteo value Wi Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration Water use efficiency water use leaf branch Sequential branches angle inclination Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches aSeqBC Ci leaf Internal CO2 concentration Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve CO2 BBCH_37 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Terpinolene content leaf Terpinolene content Terpinolene molecule content None Ring width protocol Pore roundness protocol None Lobe width LW width Lobe width lobe soil Soil water availability SWA Amount of water present in the soil water availability Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants BBCH_00 evaluation defoliation Defoliation plant DF Assessment of the tree defoliation leaf Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chl a/b chlorophyll content Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue Marcescence scoring scale on 6 WHC hemicellulose content wood Hemicellulose wood composition Hemicellulose wood composition stomatal conductance Stomatal conductance to CO2 Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf gC leaf Cork plank thickness Cork plant thickness thickness ESP cork Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth BBCH_30 evaluation Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Crown size protocol Hypertrophied lenticels quantity THL lenticel quantity Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins leaf vein Intercalary veins quantity quantity NV plant STAT Tree status status Assessment of the tree status Numerical unknown - 1 decimal leaf oxygen content Dissolved oxygen content in leaves DOC Dissolved oxygen content Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity Cork plank uniformity protocol Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Fork height protocol Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol Debarking scoring scale Survival scoring scale 2 BI Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season Earlywood density earlywood wood LDR Lobe depth ratio lobe depth Lobe depth ratio Chalara scoring scale on 5 nest NID quantity Nests quantity Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree mm - no decimal m2.MPa-1.s-1 Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content suberin content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content cork The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Competition protocol leaf b.myrcene Beta myrcene content molecule content Beta myrcene content Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Epinasty scoring scale DC Crown dieback Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed crown dieback Leaf area protocol Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves µmol electron m-2 s-1 Carotenoid content in leaves carotenoide content Leaf carotenoid content leaf CAR Abundance scoring scale plant Marcescence marcescence Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off MAR Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_91 evaluation soil Individual slope Slope angle at the location of the tree slope slope Polysacharide composition Sacharides_CC polyphenols cork Chemical composition in polysacharide Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration BBCH_45 evaluation Suberin Ectadecanedioid content suberin content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid cork shoot length LPOUS Shoot length Total length of the shoot flush length Mean flush length during the growing season Flush length MFL leaf Drought defects scoring scale Wood axial parenchyma thickness axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t thickness Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level NCI plant Competition index competition index Cover scoring scale Yes/No Number/area Frost damages scoring scale Branch diameter scoring scale preguentas/madeirentas quality Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density preguentas/madeirentas cork LC Leaf color leaf color Leaf color in autumn Leaf water content protocol Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  SEL selection Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection Phenotypic note plant Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_74 evaluation Gamma cadidene content g.cadidene molecule content leaf Gamma cadidene content Budset scoring scale Drying up scoring scale CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) BBCH_34 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy Trunk height protocol leaf water content Leaf water content Amount of water in leaves LWC N-debark Assessment of debarkings quantity cork debarking Debarkings quantity Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Cork Porosity protocol Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper - largest branch protocol fork Insertion height of the fork Height fork height HFO leaf The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. Carboxylation efficiency An/Ci carboxylation efficiency Beta pinene content b.pinene leaf Beta pinene content molecule content Branching habit scoring scale wood S/G Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents molecule content Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level FLO flower blossoming Blossoming Marcescence scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the branches angle angle Branch angle branch ANG Amount of water in the stem stem water content SWC Stem water content mg/L Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Crown chalara scoring scale method_of Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_79 evaluation Selection scoring scale Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_85 evaluation cover cover soil Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree Vegetation/Rock cover Basal sweep protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. Branching scoring scale on 5 The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Slenderness protocol Bud date protocol Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values Minimal value Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_11 evaluation branch Shoot diameter increase diameter Shoot diameter increase IRD variable_of Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_86 evaluation cm-2 The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Epinasty protocol Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation Chalara scoring scale on 3 Branches angle scoring scale on 4 Flexuosity protocol Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. BBCH_60 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Index parts per million (ppm) scale_of NADH protocol Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. Hour Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation mg/g DW Senescence scoring scale