INRA Célia Michotey canop[Adonis] Canopy projection canopy_projection IBET N-2WL[Adonis] Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Inês Chaves 0 Alive 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated INRA Célia Michotey Budset BS_score BS_s[Adonis] Budset scoring 5 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree BF_B[Adonis] INRA BF_score_B Célia Michotey Bud burst 85 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) INRA Célia Michotey Leaf color LC LC[Adonis] COUL Individual slope INRA Célia Michotey slope slope[Adonis] INRA NBUC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Growth unit number NBUC DF_n3[Adonis] Defoliation - rating on 3 Célia Michotey DF_n3 INRA Uredinia Number INRA Célia Michotey UN UN[Adonis] 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining 1 INRA/IBET Célia Michotey FSE SEC[Adonis] SEC FS Drought damage 10 Perfect Tree diameter D DBH INRA/IBET Célia Michotey DBH[Adonis] DIA Suberin Tyramine content SuberinTyramine_CC IBET Inês Chaves LPOUS LONG LB INRA Célia Michotey Shoot length Branch length LPOUS[Adonis] Inês Chaves Polysacharide cork composition Sacharides_CC IBET Photosynthetic rate Inês Chaves An IBET HI Célia Michotey INRA IHeight IH[Adonis] deltaH.F HPOU deltaH Height increment IH MARc[Adonis] MAR_coef Marcescence coefficient Célia Michotey INRA LNCm[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm Wood Carbon 12 IBET 12C[Adonis] Carbon 12 Inês Chaves 12C Inês Chaves Polyphenols cork composition IBET Phenols_CC Célia Michotey mi[Adonis] INRA mi Minimal ring density INRA HPR Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR[Adonis] Camphene content INRA Célia Michotey camphene Smooth bark, no cracks 0 BBCH_14 INRA Célia Michotey 14_NB[Adonis] 40% of leaves/needles out 32 Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Leaf carbon content %C %C[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Crown completely yellow 2 BF_BBCH INRA Célia Michotey BF_NB[Adonis] Budflush BBCH EHLD INRA Célia Michotey EHLD[Adonis] External hypertrophied lenticels diameter Célia Michotey LL[Adonis] Lamina length INRA LL 1 surf INRA surf[Adonis] Célia Michotey Ring surface RWC Inês Chaves Root water content IBET Chlorophyll a to b ratio Inês Chaves Chl a/b IBET Sequential branches angle aSeqBC aSBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Budflush.F Budflush.UK Célia Michotey DEB Broadleaves budflush scoring Budflush BF_score_BL INRA BF_BL[Adonis] Budflush.I Bud break Bud burst 70% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_97 97_NB[Adonis] 63_NB[Adonis] 30% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_63 Célia Michotey INRA Maximal ring density ma INRA Célia Michotey ma[Adonis] Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination d15N D15N[Adonis] Delta15N Célia Michotey INRA delta N15 SuberinOleicA_CC IBET Suberin Oleic content Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey LD Latent Period LD[Adonis] HTr[Adonis] Height trunk HTrunk INRA Célia Michotey CHALH Célia Michotey CHALHa Chalara on the tree upper part INRA CHAH[Adonis] 1 Dormant winter bud BBCH_49 INRA 50% of buds lignified and mature 49_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey HBV HBV[Adonis] Height first living branch Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey 10% of the bud burst BBCH_06 INRA 06_NB[Adonis] vSeqBC Sequential branches volume vSBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey ID Identification ID[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Year reference whorl ANVERE AVR[Adonis] Suberin Enedioic content Inês Chaves IBET SuberinEnedioicA_CC Célia Michotey NBASF INRA Number of years sympotic - forked tree NBASF[Adonis] FO INRA Fork Célia Michotey FO[Adonis] 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant 4 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen Célia Michotey INRA Height largest branch HGB[Adonis] HGB INRA C:N C/N[Adonis] C/N Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio Célia Michotey C/N INRA Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO[Adonis] GO AVP[Adonis] Célia Michotey AVP Ability to vegetative propagation INRA 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 84 2 INRA Célia Michotey Temp_MIN Mean minimum temperature LNC Leaf nitrogen content NM[Adonis] NM NM.F Célia Michotey INRA Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 Plant biomass TDM INRA/IBET Total_mass PDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Dry matter Plant dry weight TDM[Adonis] Inês Chaves ESP[Adonis] IBET thickness espessura ESP Cork thickness before boiling INRA Shoots at 30% of their size 33_NB[Adonis] BBCH_33 Célia Michotey INRA Epicormic branches GOU GOU[Adonis] GOURM Célia Michotey Start of shoot growth 30_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_30 INRA BBCH_45 INRA Célia Michotey 45_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds with juvenile coloration relevo da barriga Inner plank surface uniformity Inês Chaves BR BR[Adonis] Inner plank surface relief IBET het5[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey max5-min5 het5 Célia Michotey Ramicorn RA INRA RA[Adonis] LW INRA Célia Michotey LW[Adonis] Lobe width TSuberin_CC IBET Total suberin content Inês Chaves 32_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_32 Célia Michotey Shoots at 20% of their size THL[Adonis] Total hypertrophied lenticels THL INRA Célia Michotey PR-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pore_Round-R IBET Pore Roundness - Radial section PoresRoundness_R Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels 3 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Leaf water content LWC[Adonis] LWC% CARa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf area CARa LP[Adonis] Leaf perimeter Célia Michotey LP INRA INRA/IBET Girdling.index Célia Michotey girdling_index CGI[Adonis] Canker girdling index Canker_GI Célia Michotey INRA RAM[Adonis] Branching degree RAM 2 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point TB[Adonis] TB Number of buds at the terminal cluster Célia Michotey INRA Percentage venation PV[Adonis] PV INRA Célia Michotey Diameter below terminal bud INRA Célia Michotey RD[Adonis] RD FLX5b[Adonis] Flexuosity - rating on 5b INRA Célia Michotey FLX_n5b INRA Célia Michotey Dormant winter buds 00_NB[Adonis] BBCH_00 DCE[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Pollarding DCE INRA Célia Michotey BRAH[Adonis] Branching habit BRAH Total protein content per leaf dry mass TPCm[Adonis] TPCm INRA Célia Michotey TPgCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey Total pigments content per leaf area INRA TPgCa Célia Michotey TE[Adonis] INRA TE Terminal bud dead INRA Célia Michotey Distance individual/neighbor DIST[Adonis] DIST 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 94 BBCH_80 80_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey First fruits mature INRA ESD[Adonis] ESDET Célia Michotey Detailed health status 55 The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. Inês Chaves Chl a IBET Chlorophyll a b.caryophyllene Beta caryophyllene content Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey DEF_S[Adonis] D_S Drought damage defects DEF_SEC 1 1 pollarding LNCa[Adonis] LNCa Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET First leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_10 10_NB[Adonis] PIL[Adonis] PIL Penetration opposition INRA Célia Michotey SURb INRA ESb SURb[Adonis] Health status Survival Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Alpha humulene content a.humulene %N INRA Célia Michotey %N Leaf nitrogen content %N[Adonis] NBS TAI Secateur knocks number INRA Célia Michotey NBS[Adonis] Inês Chaves PorosityCoef_R IBET PP-R[Adonis] % Pore-R % Pore size - Radial section INRA Célia Michotey Flower buds opening 53_NB[Adonis] BBCH_53 INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_11 10% of leaves/needles out 11_NB[Adonis] Height first dead branch Célia Michotey HBM INRA HBM[Adonis] Number of primary buds INRA Célia Michotey nPriBD nPBD[Adonis] ARMILL INRA ARM[Adonis] Armillaria ARM Célia Michotey INRA Branching - rating on 5 scales BRAn5[Adonis] BRA_n5 Célia Michotey 18_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_18 Cal IBET Inês Chaves Cal[Adonis] Caliber calibre Cork plank thickness Inês Chaves IBET Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Lobe depth ratio LDR Célia Michotey INRA LDR[Adonis] Natural regeneration regeneration Célia Michotey rege[Adonis] INRA LCCm Célia Michotey LCCm[Adonis] Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass INRA Célia Michotey FO_score_n5 INRA Forking score - rating on 5 FOSn5[Adonis] 2 IBET SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Inês Chaves Célia Michotey INRA Stomatal index SI SI[Adonis] INRA EPI Epinasty EPI[Adonis] Célia Michotey nEpiBC nEBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Number of epicormic branches Inês Chaves % Pore size - Tangential section PorosityCoef_Ta PP-Ta[Adonis] IBET % Pore-Ta Number of flushes Célia Michotey NF NF[Adonis] INRA 2 Medium allelic diversity QUAL Cork Quality Inês Chaves IBET QUAL[Adonis] ? 7 BBCH_13 13_NB[Adonis] 30% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA Pore size - Transversal section IBET PoresArea_Tr Inês Chaves Pore-Tr P-Tr[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 20% of flowers sexually mature 62_NB[Adonis] BBCH_62 3 Many and/or large branches Growth BBCH DEV_BBCH DV_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA VER[Adonis] Deviation from verticality VER Leaf surface Célia Michotey LS[Adonis] INRA LS INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_40 10% of shoots at growth stop 40_NB[Adonis] INRA SHDM[Adonis] Shoot dry mass SHDM Célia Michotey 68_NB[Adonis] BBCH_68 INRA Célia Michotey 80% of flowers sexually mature Inês Chaves Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET cork S/G 90% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey BBCH_99 INRA 99_NB[Adonis] He Expected heterozygosity INRA Célia Michotey He[Adonis] NBPS[Adonis] NBPIEDSUP INRA Célia Michotey Number of additional feet Number of years monopodic - straight tree NBAMD NBAMD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Syllep Syllep.F Number of sylleptic shoots Syllep.I RAMA Syllep.UK Célia Michotey INRA Sylle[Adonis] 2H[Adonis] Inês Chaves Hydrogen 2 IBET 2H Wood Hydrogen 2 Senescence SEN[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey SEN INRA Célia Michotey HFO[Adonis] HFO Height fork HTF CBAS CIR_B[Adonis] CIRC_B INRA Célia Michotey CIR_B CIBAS Tree circumference at the collar CIR_Base CCO LCC[Adonis] Célia Michotey LCC Leaf chlorophyll content INRA Amean[Adonis] Amean INRA Célia Michotey Mean assimilation rate INRA BBCH_82 20% of fruits mature 82_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 10 Worst INRA BBCH_93 30% of leaves faded or fallen 93_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey % Prego-R Inês Chaves %nail Area_Tr PN-R[Adonis] Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area IBET Nail size percentage - Radial section NailInclusionsCoef_R 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 3 INRA Célia Michotey Sampling ECH ECH[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey RECD RECD[Adonis] Harvest date Inês Chaves IBET SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Competition COMP Célia Michotey COMP[Adonis] INRA 36 Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 12 4 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks SCm[Adonis] INRA SCm Célia Michotey Saccharose content per leaf dry mass INRA 89_NB[Adonis] BBCH_89 90% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 51_NB[Adonis] Flower buds swelling Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_51 1 Orthotropic 4 Very late No hypertrophied lenticels 0 C_El[Adonis] Célia Michotey C_EL Slenderness El INRA HD 3 2 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height PhiPS2 IBET Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Inês Chaves CHAL_n3 Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 INRA CHALn3[Adonis] AIG Needles coloration INRA Célia Michotey AIG[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc[Adonis] PEPc INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey varintraBF VI_BF[Adonis] Variance of late wood density values FRU_R[Adonis] FRUC_REG Fructification regularity Célia Michotey INRA CRL Célia Michotey RQ[Adonis] INRA Rubisco content in leaves RQ 4 BarkR Célia Michotey Bark roughness INRA BarkR[Adonis] F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed 1 Diameter largest branch DGB Célia Michotey INRA DGB[Adonis] Alpha pinene content INRA Célia Michotey a.pinene nSLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of latent secondary buds nSecLBD INRA Célia Michotey SPCa INRA SPCa[Adonis] Soluble protein content per leaf area Inês Chaves Pores Length Pores Length IBET PoLe[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chrysomela INRA CLCA[Adonis] Chrysomela leaf consumed area INRA b.myrcene Célia Michotey Beta myrcene content Célia Michotey FO_i[Adonis] Forking index FO_index INRA Fork_index 3 Up to 75% of affected shoots Célia Michotey INRA Drought damage note SECN NSEC[Adonis] Célia Michotey 07_NB[Adonis] INRA 50% of buds burst BBCH_07 Big 5 Célia Michotey INRA AR Allelic richness AR[Adonis] IBET Inst_Carbon_eff Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey NBCH Canker number CNB[Adonis] NBCHA Canker_nb Become of fork INRA Célia Michotey DEVFO DEVFO[Adonis] 77_NB[Adonis] 70% of fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_77 FLXn3[Adonis] FLX_n3 INRA Célia Michotey Flexuosity - rating on 3 Célia Michotey NBBR[Adonis] NBBR INRA Branches number NBBRA Célia Michotey Forking year ANFO INRA ANFO[Adonis] INRA Double feet number NBDP[Adonis] NBDP Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey DCS[Adonis] DCS Crown dieback status 0,5 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible 60 - 80% High 1 Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain NS-Ta[Adonis] nail Area_Ta Inês Chaves Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area Nail size area - Tangential section Prego-Ta IBET BRR[Adonis] Straightened branch INRA Célia Michotey BRR INRA 60% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_76 Célia Michotey 76_NB[Adonis] Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 cover2 Relative Vegetation/Rock cover cov2[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Annual ring width Growth ring width I RW ARW TRW TRW[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Tree ring width Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Inês Chaves IBET g.cadidene INRA Célia Michotey Gamma cadidene content IBET Hydrogen 1 1H Wood Hydrogen 1 1H[Adonis] Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey Germacrene content germacrene Pubescence along the veins HRn[Adonis] HRn Célia Michotey INRA ROU[Adonis] Rust ROU Célia Michotey INRA Shape INRA FOR[Adonis] FOR Célia Michotey Dissolved oxygen content INRA Célia Michotey DOC DOC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Cankers INRA Canker CANK[Adonis] 3 Crown starts yellowing 30 Start of shoot growth SEN_BBCH Célia Michotey INRA Senescence BBCH SE_NB[Adonis] photo photo[Adonis] Célia Michotey Photo INRA presence 1 TBD[Adonis] Diameter of terminal bud INRA Célia Michotey TBD Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Inês Chaves cork H/S/G IBET TPCa Total protein content per leaf area TPCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey PR Petiole ratio PR[Adonis] Specific leaf area Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET SLA SLA[Adonis] SLAR Lf Leaf number IBET Lf[Adonis] Inês Chaves Very vigorous 4 Carbon 13 d13Cc 13C Wood carbon 13 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 13C[Adonis] INRA/IBET IBET WAP-h[Adonis] WAP-h Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma high Célia Michotey INRA Shoots at 80% of their size 38_NB[Adonis] BBCH_38 Célia Michotey vEpiBC vEBC[Adonis] Epicormic branch volume INRA Inês Chaves Woodpecker Pica-pau Woodpecker IBET Woodp[Adonis] 3 Ill Cork ring width Inês Chaves IBET CR-w[Adonis] CR-w Cork Eelness Inês Chaves eels[Adonis] IBET eels 3 75% of crack bark S SUR[Adonis] MOR Health status Survival ES SUR INRA/IBET Célia Michotey IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC BBCH_31 31_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots at 10% of their size INRA Limonene Limonene content INRA Célia Michotey Soil water availability Inês Chaves SWA IBET Maximum stomatal conductance INRA Célia Michotey gwmax gwmax[Adonis] IBET SWC Stem water content Inês Chaves ? 4 CHALCOL LCH Collar Chalara INRA Célia Michotey CHALC[Adonis] BBCH_86 INRA 60% of fruits mature 86_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_74 74_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 40% of fruits reached maximum size INRA AnnualGrowth Cork annual growth CAG[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cork AG IBET 6 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height 2,5 INRA Célia Michotey 10% of leaves faded or fallen 91_NB[Adonis] BBCH_91 Crown spread crown_size Célia Michotey Crown size INRA crown[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 79_NB[Adonis] BBCH_79 90% of fruits reached maximum size Branching - rating on 3 Célia Michotey BRA_n3 INRA BRAn3[Adonis] Inês Chaves NPQ IBET Non-photochemical quenching Média 5 mbs Multi strands NBP[Adonis] Feet number NBPIED INRA Célia Michotey CB Basal sweep CB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Co bs INRA BBCH_01 01_NB[Adonis] INRA Buds swelling Célia Michotey 5 Absolutely straight stem (none) SUR_R[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Survival rate SUR_Rate Number of dry years on the stem Célia Michotey INRA DES DES[Adonis] cor da barriga BC IBET Inner plank surface color BC[Adonis] Inês Chaves color da barriga C130 Tree circumference Ci130 Tree girth INRA Célia Michotey CIR[Adonis] CIR LDM[Adonis] L_mass INRA/IBET LDW Leaf biomass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf dry mass LDM CLOI INRA Célia Michotey ECL[Adonis] ECL Thinning Shoots at 40% of their size BBCH_34 34_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 78_NB[Adonis] BBCH_78 Célia Michotey INRA 80% of fruits reached maximum size Pores Frequency Pores Frequency Inês Chaves PoF[Adonis] IBET gW[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Stomatal conductance to water vapour gW Stem_L IBET Inês Chaves Stem length 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 4 INRA Célia Michotey Soil depth depth[Adonis] soil_depth 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen INRA NBN NBN[Adonis] Nests number NBNPRO Célia Michotey Inês Chaves An_LightCurve_leaf IBET An_LightCurve Photosynthetic rate - light curve 66_NB[Adonis] BBCH_66 60% of flowers sexually mature INRA Célia Michotey NS-R[Adonis] IBET Nail size area - Radial section Prego-R nail Area_R Wood inclusions area - Radial section Inês Chaves BS[Adonis] BS Célia Michotey INRA Lamina basal shape mBF INRA Célia Michotey mBF[Adonis] Mean late wood density 40% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 84_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_84 INRA b.pinene Beta pinene content Célia Michotey BioF[Adonis] Foliar biomass INRA Célia Michotey BiomF BioF Célia Michotey Stem drying up grading DESN INRA/IBET DESN[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey pBF[Adonis] pBF Percentage of late wood Budset date in cumulative night length date_cnl BScnl[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BS_date_cnl ? 6 Angle between 0 and 30° 1 Frost damage Célia Michotey INRA/IBET GEL[Adonis] GEL Célia Michotey Double feet INRA DP[Adonis] DP Number of individuals NbI[Adonis] Célia Michotey NbI INRA NV[Adonis] Célia Michotey NV INRA Number of intercalary veins REP Célia Michotey INRA REP[Adonis] Number of repetitions Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 4 Trunk diameter below largest branch DT Célia Michotey INRA DT[Adonis] Fructification INRA Célia Michotey CON FRUC[Adonis] FRUC 1 120° Célia Michotey 37_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_37 Shoots at 70% of their size Cork discontinuities Inês Chaves enguy[Adonis] IBET enguy BBCH_88 INRA Célia Michotey 80% of fruits mature 88_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves LWC Leaf water content IBET nP[Adonis] INRA Number of primary branching Célia Michotey nP The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 4 discriC13 Delta13C delta-13C d13C D13C[Adonis] d13Cf Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Delta.F Leaf carbone isotope discrimination delta C13 Very strong meander 3 Célia Michotey Terpinolene INRA Terpinolene content Little 5 - 20% Healthy 1 5 No fork Petiols without leaves P_F[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey PETIOL P_F FRUC_BBCH Fructification BBCH Célia Michotey INRA FR_NB[Adonis] 61 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 2 Uncertain 3 Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible C_nbF[Adonis] CHAL_nbF INRA Célia Michotey Chalara influence on leaves 16_NB[Adonis] 60% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_16 GBRA DBRA DBRA[Adonis] Célia Michotey Branche diameter INRA Ramicorn number NBRA NBRA[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals INRA BS_date Budset date date15.I date15.3 date15.UK Célia Michotey date15.3.F date15.F date15 BS_d[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Observations COM[Adonis] COM Comments DESC 65 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Null 0 INRA Pubescence in lamina central part Célia Michotey HRf[Adonis] HRf INRA Célia Michotey gwmean[Adonis] Mean stomatal conductance gwmean SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Inês Chaves IBET BF_p[Adonis] Budflush precocity Célia Michotey BF_prec INRA Allelic richness AR_bis Célia Michotey INRA AR2[Adonis] 4 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point IBET Pore size -Tangential section PoresArea_Ta Inês Chaves Pore-Ta P-Ta[Adonis] IRD[Adonis] drd Increase of diameter below the apical bud INRA Célia Michotey entity Xylem pressure Célia Michotey P50[Adonis] P50 INRA INRA Célia Michotey ST Leaf Staining ST[Adonis] Cellulose wood composition Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WCC[Adonis] INRA/IBET WCC 3 High heterozygosity Crown without damage 0 4 Thin branches but distributed along the shoot Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 CHAL_n5 CHALn5[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey mpond Célia Michotey Mean ring density mpond[Adonis] INRA Dead 1 40 - 60% Medium Amax[Adonis] Maximum assimilation rate Célia Michotey INRA Amax 70% of flowers sexually mature 67_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_67 LCCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey LCCa INRA Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area Number of epicormics nE[Adonis] nEpis INRA Célia Michotey Canker lesion length Canker_LL canker_length Célia Michotey INRA/IBET CLL[Adonis] Canker.length Inês Chaves Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area IBET Nail size area - Transversal section Prego-Tr NS-Tr[Adonis] nail Area_Tr 90 The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen IBET WAP-t WAP-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma thickness Nail size NS[Adonis] Prego IBET Wood inclusions Inês Chaves Variance of early wood density values VI_BI[Adonis] varintraBI Célia Michotey INRA Light meander 1 More than 75% of the area covered 8 1 Dying tree INRA Célia Michotey SAR SAR[Adonis] Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves CARm Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass INRA CARm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey elevation Elevation elev[Adonis] Célia Michotey PLAG[Adonis] PLAG INRA Plagiotropy More than 10 non-agglomerated sores 3 BBCH_03 INRA Célia Michotey 03_NB[Adonis] Buds ready to burst BBCH_85 50% of fruits mature 85_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA LN/LC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon INRA LN/LC 30% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 83_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_83 On all branches 2 WUE[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Water use efficiency WUE 1 No straight stem (severe) WHC WHC[Adonis] Hemicellulose wood composition Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Harvest REC Célia Michotey INRA REC[Adonis] 5 Célia Michotey KS Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS[Adonis] INRA 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 2 EP INRA Célia Michotey EP[Adonis] Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area Célia Michotey INRA Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS[Adonis] GS Moderate to strong bends (severe) 2 99 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell INRA Célia Michotey Health status red strip ESBR ESBR[Adonis] Observed heterozygosity Célia Michotey INRA Ho[Adonis] Ho Pore-R IBET Pore size - Radial section P-R[Adonis] PoresArea_R Inês Chaves RQm[Adonis] Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass INRA Célia Michotey RQm 17_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_17 70% of leaves/needles out INRA BFSn3[Adonis] INRA Budflush scoring - rating on 3 BF_score_n3 Célia Michotey S/RDM[Adonis] S/RDM S:R Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET SDM/RDM Shoot/Root dry mass GRA[Adonis] GRA Célia Michotey Gr Seeds INRA Célia Michotey NbA Number of alleles INRA NbA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey MWi Mean intrinsic water use efficiency MWi[Adonis] Fairly large but few branches per whorl 3 Célia Michotey 40% of flowers sexually mature INRA BBCH_64 64_NB[Adonis] 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip BBCH_87 Célia Michotey 87_NB[Adonis] INRA 70% of fruits mature dc Crown dieback 0 Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. Sabinene content INRA Célia Michotey sabinene The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 80 HTm[Adonis] INRA/IBET Tree total height in m HTm Célia Michotey Hm PP-Tr[Adonis] % Pore-Tr Inês Chaves % Pore size - Transversal section IBET PorosityCoef_Tr DEF Plant defects DEF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey D_P DIACOL DCOL Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Root collar diameter RCD DIA_C[Adonis] DIA_col CD R[Adonis] Plant width at the soil level Célia Michotey INRA R Doubtful 1 INRA Célia Michotey 12_NB[Adonis] 20% of leaves/needles out BBCH_12 WCP[Adonis] Percentage of compression wood INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WC% 60% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_96 96_NB[Adonis] Status INRA Célia Michotey STAT STAT[Adonis] 75_NB[Adonis] 50% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_75 IBET Ci Internal CO2 concentration Inês Chaves Vigor Célia Michotey INRA GR Tree growth GR[Adonis] BBCH_09 INRA 50% of buds with leaves coming out Célia Michotey 09_NB[Adonis] INRA GIBN[Adonis] GIBN Célia Michotey Game damage note Few and/or thin branches 1 3Carene Célia Michotey INRA 3 carene content Circum.UK CIR1[Adonis] Girth at 1m Circum.F Circum.I INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves CIR1 Tree circumference at 1m Independant Vegetation/Rock cover cover1 Célia Michotey cov1[Adonis] INRA Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Inês Chaves PN-Tr[Adonis] % nail Area_Tr Nail size percentage - Transversal section IBET % Prego-Tr Vol[Adonis] Célia Michotey Vol Volume INRA 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 2 Up to 50% of affected shoots 2 Damaged tree INRA Célia Michotey Phenotypic note SEL SEL[Adonis] INRA 50_NB[Adonis] BBCH_50 Dormant winter flower bud Célia Michotey Inês Chaves IBET Wood vessels diameter WV-d[Adonis] WV-d 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 2 Inflated bud Alive and frozen 1 Célia Michotey Branch angle - rating on 4 ANGn4[Adonis] INRA ANG_n4 LMA Leaf mass per leaf area Célia Michotey INRA LMA[Adonis] BF_date BF_d[Adonis] Budburst date Budflush date Célia Michotey INRA Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding Inês Chaves N-AEL[Adonis] N-A&E_lent IBET FLO_BBCH Célia Michotey INRA FL_NB[Adonis] Blossoming BBCH Inês Chaves Pores Area Pores Area IBET PoA[Adonis] The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 70 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 11 INRA Célia Michotey SACL SACL[Adonis] Leaf saccharose content Shoot[Adonis] Shoots Shoots.I Shoots.F INRA Number of resprouts Shoots.UK Célia Michotey Canker cumulative length INRA Célia Michotey CLLC[Adonis] CCH Canker_LLC 60_NB[Adonis] First flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_60 US[Adonis] Uredinia size INRA Célia Michotey mer_ls US He_bis Expected heterozygosity Célia Michotey He2[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey INRA mid[Adonis] mid Medium ring density Low growth 1 MFL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Mean flush length MFL 5 No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green 100 % feuillé, bien vert BarkT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BarkT Bark thickness 3 Acute angle less than 45 ° NBF INRA Célia Michotey NbFourches NBFO NF Forks number NBFO[Adonis] Suberin Alkanols content Inês Chaves SuberinAlkanols_CC IBET CHALB CHAB[Adonis] CHALinf Chalara on the tree lower part Célia Michotey INRA DF_n5[Adonis] Célia Michotey DF_n5 INRA Defoliation - rating on 5 Angle[Adonis] ANG_n3b Célia Michotey INRA Branch angle - rating on 3 Inês Chaves WRP-h WRP-h[Adonis] IBET Wood radial parenchyma high INRA Célia Michotey Withered leaves WI WI[Adonis] CHALHOU CHALH[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Crown Chalara NBDEF_V NDEFV[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Whorl defects 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 95 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 2 Regular 80 - 95% Very high Dormant winter bud 1 nFork[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Forks number - x-ray nFork Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 38 Tree to cut 1 Stomatal density STOM Célia Michotey INRA STOM[Adonis] ND ND[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of day to reach budburst INRA Low 20 - 40% INRA FRUCN[Adonis] Célia Michotey FRUCN Fructification note NBF[Adonis] Fruits/Cones number INRA Célia Michotey NbCones NBCON Nb_cone Nb_cones NBF NBREC[Adonis] Célia Michotey CONREC Harvest number INRA NBREC 2 Marcescent IBET Cobrilha Cobrilha Cobri[Adonis] Inês Chaves Inês Chaves wood S/G IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood 78 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 4 IBET Cork Porosity PP[Adonis] %Pores Inês Chaves Leaf area INRA/IBET LA[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LA LAR 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 72 INRA Célia Michotey A[Adonis] A Assimilation rate RQp Rubisco content per gram of proteins RQp[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA WF-l Inês Chaves WF-l[Adonis] IBET Wood fibers lengh Inês Chaves Stem_D Stem diameter IBET 61_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_61 INRA 10% of flowers sexually mature 6 Embossed leaves SPCm INRA Célia Michotey Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass SPCm[Adonis] [fork height] Fork still present at the given height Inês Chaves N-div_lent N-DL[Adonis] IBET Lenticels : number of cells dividing 40% of leaves faded or fallen 94_NB[Adonis] BBCH_94 Célia Michotey INRA Inês Chaves Suberin Glycerol content IBET SuberinGlycerol_CC No leaves have fallen 0 Célia Michotey Mean maximum temperature Temp_MAX INRA Flor 1 NBAMF[Adonis] NBAMF Célia Michotey Number of years monopodic - forked tree INRA NAAT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NAAT Number of years with terminal bud accident 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles 5 1 Medium Célia Michotey Average rainfall INRA Prec ESP_B[Adonis] Inês Chaves ESP_B espessura depois de cozido IBET cork thickness after boiling INRA Célia Michotey WP WP[Adonis] Lamina largest width IBET NailInclusionsCoef_Ta Nail size percentage - Tangential section PN-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves % Prego-Ta Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section % nail Area_Ta INRA MAR_n4 Célia Michotey MARn4[Adonis] Marcescence - rating on 4 Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 70_NB[Adonis] First fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_70 Height.UK INRA/IBET HT[Adonis] Height.F TH Tree total height Célia Michotey H HT Height.I Alive neighboring trees NBVOIS Célia Michotey NBV[Adonis] INRA nSBC[Adonis] INRA nSeqBC Célia Michotey Number of sequential branches Suberin Ferulic content IBET SuberinFerulicA_CC Inês Chaves DC[Adonis] Célia Michotey DCI INRA/IBET Crown dieback DC Célia Michotey 71_NB[Adonis] 10% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_71 INRA INRA Célia Michotey 80% of leaves faded or fallen 98_NB[Adonis] BBCH_98 Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot 4 Number of secondary buds nSBD[Adonis] nSecBD INRA Célia Michotey Moderate damages 2 IBET PL-R[Adonis] PoresLength_R Pore_L-R Inês Chaves Pore Length - Radial section Dominant tree 3 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 INRA PL[Adonis] Petiole length PL Célia Michotey Apical bud red brown 0 No damage 1 5 White bud (hair) 3 INRA Célia Michotey RQa Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa[Adonis] RDW RDM[Adonis] RDM INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Root biomass Root dry mass R_mass 2 Average tree Obversity OB Lamina shape OB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA mBI Célia Michotey Mean early wood density INRA mBI[Adonis] INRA NBASD[Adonis] NBASD Number of years sympodic - straight tree Célia Michotey a.copaene INRA Célia Michotey Alpha copaene content 1 ? At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 stone[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA stone_content Soil stone content Angle greater than 55° 4 Célia Michotey nPLBD[Adonis] nPriLBD Number of latent primary buds INRA Straight 5 Epicormic branches per epicormics Célia Michotey INRA rEBC[Adonis] rEpiBC FRUT Célia Michotey FRUT[Adonis] INRA Fructification abundance 2 76 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 7 4 Dry tree 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 Célia Michotey 08_NB[Adonis] INRA Leaves comes out of 10% of buds BBCH_08 Photosystem II operating efficiency AnII_Ef Inês Chaves IBET Significant damages 3 8 Spread leaves, long shoot Gs IBET Transpiration rate Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey 50% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_95 95_NB[Adonis] Dominated tree 1 2 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks GIB[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey GIB Game damage Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 18 4 Totally dry plant RQn Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen Célia Michotey RQn[Adonis] INRA 2 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) No marcescent 0 INRA 50% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey BBCH_65 65_NB[Adonis] 35_NB[Adonis] BBCH_35 Célia Michotey Shoots at 50% of their size INRA 4 Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present IBET Chlorophyll b Chl b Inês Chaves Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 2 Inês Chaves IBET An/Ci Leaf carboxylation efficiency Formiga Inês Chaves Formi[Adonis] IBET Formiga INRA 92_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 20% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_92 INRA Célia Michotey Individual aspect expo[Adonis] aspect 2 Fork in middle third of the tree TPgCm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Total pigments content per leaf dry mass TpgCm Top dry cs DEBFAGUS BFSn8[Adonis] BF_score_n8 Budflush scoring - rating on 8 Célia Michotey INRA Tol INRA Célia Michotey tol[Adonis] Tolerance 1 Angle close to the right angle WRP-t Inês Chaves WRP-t[Adonis] IBET Wood radial parenchyma thickness NBF_m[Adonis] Fruits/Cones number mean NBF_mean Célia Michotey INRA Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles 14 2 Female IBET Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content SuberinAlkanoicA_CC Inês Chaves 2 Leaning tree 3 Frost damage note GELN[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey GELN Low allelic diversity 1 Growth stop AC[Adonis] Célia Michotey August shots AC INRA INRA Célia Michotey 90_NB[Adonis] First leaves faded or fallen BBCH_90 VIC[Adonis] INRA varintracerne Intra-ring variance Célia Michotey Mean strongest density values max5[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA max5 0 Worst color INRA Bark thickness mean BT_m[Adonis] Célia Michotey BarkT_mean 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 1 13 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles 6 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent 3 60° No symptom 0 39_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_39 Shoots at 90% of their size Inês Chaves PR-Ta[Adonis] Pore_Round-Ta IBET PoresRoundness_Ta Pore Roundness - Tangential section 1 More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point INRA Célia Michotey NBCH[Adonis] Collar canker number NBCH Between 25 and 50% of the area covered 6 Acute angle greater than 45 ° 2 0 Completely defoliated d.cadidene Delta cadidene content Célia Michotey INRA PL-Tr[Adonis] Pore_L-Tr Inês Chaves Pore Length - Transversal section IBET PoresLength_Tr Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 1 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET SDM[Adonis] Stem dry mass SDM S_mass SDW Stem biomass BBCH_36 INRA Célia Michotey 36_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 60% of their size FLO INRA Célia Michotey Blossoming FLO[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Fixation index Fis[Adonis] Fis WD WD[Adonis] IBET Wood density Inês Chaves BBCH_72 Célia Michotey 72_NB[Adonis] INRA 20% of fruits reached maximum size 1 Dormant winter bud (late flushing) INRA nLBD nLBD[Adonis] Number of latent buds Célia Michotey 10 Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. Mean lowest density values min5 INRA min5[Adonis] Célia Michotey 1 Below 30° (steep) 08 At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET WT% Percentage of tension wood WTP[Adonis] 4 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 1 5 Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) 3 Beautiful tree, to keep Célia Michotey S50 S50[Adonis] Slope of the vulnerability curve INRA 17 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 3 Chalara very present INRA Célia Michotey ANG_n5 Branch angle - rating on 5 ANGn5[Adonis] 2 Between 30° and 60° Cracks fts 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves Smooth bark, some cracks 1 Dead tree 5 WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness IBET WV-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves ICIR Circumference increment deltaC.F deltaCIRC ICIR[Adonis] deltaC.I Célia Michotey deltaC INRA 3 A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown On some branches 1 2 Strong meander 4 No fork 0 Alive Absence: no recruit visible 1 Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels DHL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DHL 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 88 Inês Chaves IBET LRWC Leaf relative water content Fork gone but transformed into a large branch 1 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) NID Nests presence INRA/IBET Célia Michotey NID[Adonis] 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Nomber of master branches INRA NBBRM[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBBRM INRA Maximum water use efficiency MaxWi[Adonis] MaxWi Célia Michotey 64 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 09 MARn6[Adonis] MAR_n6 Célia Michotey INRA Marcescence - rating on 6 IBET Pore Length - Tangential section Inês Chaves Pore_L-Ta PL-Ta[Adonis] PoresLength_Ta Abundant 2 attribute 10% of fruits mature 81_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_81 35 Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Best color 10 Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying Inês Chaves N-Lygn_lent N-LL[Adonis] IBET Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 Less than 10% of affected shoots 1 IBET Pore_Round-Tr Pore Roundness - Transverse section Inês Chaves PoresRoundness_Tr PR-Tr[Adonis] 4 Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 1 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot 5 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered Célia Michotey INRA Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene CM CM.F Leaf carbon content INRA Célia Michotey CM[Adonis] Célia Michotey BF_score_CO Conifers budflush scoring INRA BF_CO[Adonis] 2 Angle between 30 and 40° INRA 73_NB[Adonis] 30% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_73 Célia Michotey 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles 15 7 Refugo 0 Monoecious (both male and female) 2 Dead 2 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls 4 Crown completely green ? 8 Flexuosity - rating on 5 Célia Michotey FLX_n5 FLXn5[Adonis] INRA 2 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 1 Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot ACC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Annual increase INRA ACC 0 no damage 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 1 Dry or broken crown 68 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 INRA Célia Michotey NBRACH NBR[Adonis] Rachis number INRA Célia Michotey NL NL[Adonis] Number of lobes absence 0 0 ? Sex determination INRA Célia Michotey SEX[Adonis] SEX The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing 5 ANG_n3 INRA Célia Michotey Branch angle - rating on 3 ANGn3[Adonis] 0 Unscathed tree, without damage 69_NB[Adonis] 90% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_69 Célia Michotey INRA 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 91 Célia Michotey INRA 50% of leaves/needles out BBCH_15 15_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Roundness Pores Roundness IBET PoR[Adonis] WF-t WF-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood fibers thickness IBET 5 Tree unharmed, not attacked 98 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell ETR Inês Chaves Leaf electron transport rate IBET 16 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles FRU_A[Adonis] FRUC_AB Célia Michotey INRA Fructification abundance 07 At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 3 4th quarter (below 23°) 1 9 Game damage 90% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey 19_NB[Adonis] BBCH_19 POLY INRA Célia Michotey POLY[Adonis] Polycyclism nature 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) 3 3 Angle between 40 et 55° 2 More than 1 pollarding Dead -5 IBET Inês Chaves Wood width W_w[Adonis] W-w preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas IBET Inês Chaves Doubtful -5 LWR INRA Célia Michotey Lobe width ratio LWR[Adonis] net_An Inês Chaves Net photosynthesis IBET INRA Célia Michotey NLV[Adonis] NLV Total number of leaves 3 Groups: presence of scattered groups 00 Dormant winter bud 81 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 2 A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown Medium heterozygosity 2 Superior 2 WoodyPlant ontology Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes 3 3 ? 79 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet FOSn4[Adonis] Forking score - rating on 4 INRA Célia Michotey FO_score_n4 3 Polycyclism on lateral shoots only Terrentas/Barrentas Terrentas/Barrentas IBET Inês Chaves 2 Intermediate 53 The majority of the flower buds have begun to open Accidentally cut 3 More than 2 very strong curves 1 5 Thin and few branches 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 5 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 6 5 Very visible leaves INRA BBCH_55 Célia Michotey 55_NB[Adonis] Floral buds emerged but closed None < 5% 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 39 Célia Michotey Competition index NCI[Adonis] NCI INRA Cut 1 All buds dormant or just enlarged 1 90° 2 na Missing data 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen 3 SW[Adonis] Célia Michotey SW Sinus width INRA 1 Male 4 A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 IBET Number of debarkings N-debark N-deb[Adonis] Inês Chaves 62 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 1 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 acronym Forks fch 40 At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) 1 A few fruits in a small section of the crown Small 1 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 83 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 34 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 3 Less vigorous 2 0 On no branches Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall 1 5 Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam 2 3 Vigorous 51 The majority of the flower buds began to swell 2 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining 0 Straight Healthy tree 0 No fruits 0 Stomatal conductance to CO2 gC gC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 63 1 to 2 strong curves 3 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 37 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 33 F2 fully stretched no bud structure 2 77 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 3 Boa Medium 3 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 3 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 49 9 Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) 3 1 Low heterozygosity 3 Very marcescent 2 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference ? 5 2 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 2 ? Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible 3 Full cover > 95% na Missing data High allelic diversity 3 Winter dormant flower bud 50 1 Low marcescence -9 Dead 7 Crown dieback 1 Early 8 Other 4 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference 1 F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 WID[Adonis] IBET WID Inês Chaves Wood infradensity 7 Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 2 Doubtful Fraca 6 Absence 0 Late 3 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference No polycyclism 0 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected 4 4 Less than 10% of the area covered 3 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) 4 1 to 2 light curves 67 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 06 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Tree gone 5 Healthy, no sore 1 1 to 2 very strong curves 2 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 75 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet No branch 0 7 Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 66 4 Média 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 92 0 Nothing, no chalara 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 2 Codominant tree Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 damage to the n-1 shoot 1 1 Green 8 1 Irregular 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Green white bud, beginning of leaves 4 ram Ramicorn Hanging down (> 90°) 5 0 Alive and unfrozen 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 Fork in upper third of the trre Kept 0 Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 97 Little early 2 6 Fork 1 Fork in lower third of the tree Plagiotropic 0 96 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 74 2 Chalara easy to see 4 2 Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles 19 -9 Dead Nothing 0 1 Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 93 epinasty EPI leaf Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward Epinasty LC color Leaf color leaf Leaf color in autumn Calendar day Branching scoring scale on 3 wood Wood fibers lengh WF-l fiber lengh Wood fibers lengh Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_35 evaluation Chlorophyll content in leaves Leaf chlorophyll content leaf chlorophyll content LCC Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc leaf Unknown Frost damages scoring scale Year Wood fibers thickness WF-t Wood fibers thickness fiber thickness wood SEL Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection selection Phenotypic note plant cm3 leaf Alpha copaene content a.copaene Alpha copaene content molecule content Total suberin content suberin content cork Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores Total suberin content Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem Circumference increment ICIR circumference stem cork N-div_lent Dividing lenticel cells cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing Allelic richness scoring scale bud Number of buds at the terminal cluster number TB Buds at the terminal cluster Needles coloration scoring scale Leaf area leaf Total area of the leaf area LA population AR allelic richness Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population Allelic richness Count observation Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found photo Photo plant dm Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid Suberin Ferulic content suberin content Suberin Ferulic content cork Tree circumference CIR circumference stem Circumference of the tree main stem Leaf carotenoid content leaf carotenoide content Carotenoid content in leaves CAR BBCH_36 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) mm2 soil Amount of water present in the soil Soil water availability SWA water availability Rainfall on the site of the population precipitation Prec population Rainfall Wood radial parenchyma thickness WRP-t radial parenchyma Wood radial parenchyma thickness thickness Degree celsius Cork age protocol None Survival scoring scale 2 Visual count Visual count fork Notation of the fork appearance stem Forking ANFO plant Assessment of the growth of the tree GR growth Tree growth Chalara scoring scale on 3 Lobe ratio protocol None µmol.m-2.s-1 Comsumed leaf protocol Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_14 evaluation Cal Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). Caliber thickness cork Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chlorophyll ratio protocol axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness thickness WAP-t Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. NADH protocol BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid suberin content cork GS Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Enzymatic activity of Glutamine leaf enzymatic activity Wood fiber protocol None Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores Bud date protocol BBCH_93 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Survival scoring scale Leaf protein content TPC protein content Protein content in leaves leaf Wood infradensity WID infradensity wood Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood scale_of plant marcescence MAR Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off Marcescence The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Average meteo value Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring Neighbor distance protocol Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Forking index protocol Cobrilha Cobrilha status cork quality The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene Basal sweep Assessment of the basal curve stem basal curve CB BBCH_55 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. BBCH_94 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Computation per gram of nitrogen None flush length Flush length Mean flush length during the growing season MFL leaf Assessment of the sequential branches volume sequential branch Sequential branches volume vSeqBC quantity The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Maximal value Survival state scoring scale None Petiol ratio protocol Crown chalara scoring scale Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales BBCH_08 evaluation bud Terminal bud diameter Diameter of terminal bud diameter TBD petiol PR Petiole ratio Petiole ratio Drought damages scoring scale AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency photosystem II Photosystem II operating efficiency leaf Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents S/G molecule content wood growth Cork AG Annual increment of cork rings thickness cork Cork annual growth Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH diameter Canopy projection crown Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) canopy_projection Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants plant Tol tolerance Tolerance Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_92 evaluation dieback Crown dieback DC Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed crown Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Epicormic secondary bud quantity secondary epicormic bud quantity SecLBD fork Fork quantity Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° FO quantity mg/g Nail size protocol None quality Compression wood Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage WC% cork plant flush Flush Assessment of flushes during the growing season NF plant senescence SEN Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death Senescence Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches Epicormic branches volume epicormic branche vEpiBC volume BBCH_51 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell leaf oxygen content DOC Dissolved oxygen content in leaves Dissolved oxygen content neighbor distance plant Distance individual/neighbor distance Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors Broadleaves budflush scoring scale leaf sabinene Sabinene content molecule content Sabinene content Leaf relative water content protocol Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Variance Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Cork Porosity protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Chrysomela Chrysomela leaf consumed area leaf consumed area Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) pruning Number of secateur knocks when shaping Secateur knocks number plant NBS Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Calliper 130cm protocol color BC cork Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk Inner plank surface color debarking Assessment of debarkings quantity cork Debarkings quantity N-debark Delta cadidene content leaf molecule content Delta cadidene content d.cadidene BS lamina Shape of the lamina Lamina shape shape Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. BBCH_09 evaluation Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area Computation per leaf area plant Fructification regularity fructification FRUC_REG Regularity of the fructification Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf Sinus width SW sinus width Soil water availability Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Day number protocol Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time quantity double feet DP Double feet quantity Assessment of double feet quantity Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_67 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_38 evaluation Competition protocol The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. BR Inner plank surface relief relief cork Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface Epicormic branches quantity Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure epicormic branch EpiBC quantity Budflush scoring scale on 3 Computation per leaf dry mass Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Capillary electrophoresis Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Yes/No Budflush scoring scale sur 8 cork Cork Porosity porosity Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. %Pores leaf Beta myrcene content b.myrcene molecule content Beta myrcene content BBCH_40 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion Canker lesion length stem Canker_LL Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Crown size protocol Branching scoring scale on 5 eels Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas cork Cork Eelness BBCH_17 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. Branch diameter scoring scale epicormic branche Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics epicormic rEpiBC Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics Cork ring width CR-w ring width Cork ring width cork Thinning scoring scale diameter branch DB Assessment of the diameter of the branch Branch diameter leaf b.pinene Beta pinene content Beta pinene content molecule content Survival SUR plant Assessment of the survival state of the tree survival Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_75 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell BBCH_01 evaluation leaf Leaf surface LS Leaf surface surface plant Assessment of the shape of the tree FOR shape Tree shape Epicormic primary bud quantity primary epicormic bud quantity PriLBD Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time None Lobe depth protocol Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position FO_index plant forking index Forking index Presence/Absence FLO flower Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level Blossoming blossoming Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. wood BF latewood Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season Latewood density BBCH_60 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Girdling index Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Content measured by chemical analysis Chemical content protocol Unknown Unknown earlywood Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season BI wood Earlywood density Trunk height protocol Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy Wood Hydrogen Hydrogen content in wood hydrogen content H wood Debarking scoring scale Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Mass percentage nitrogen/carbon LN/LC leaf Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon stem length Stem_L Stem length Stem length water use leaf Wi Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration Water use efficiency Branches angle protocol 1 Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Quenching protocol None Wood density at 12% moisture content Wood density protocol ARM Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree armillaria plant Armillaria Cork discontinuities Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced discontinuities cork enguy Pollarding scoring scale kg/m3 BBCH_82 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Medium value Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values stem Penetration opposition pilodyn Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration PIL Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene leaf Beta caryophyllene content molecule content AVP Ability to vegetative propagation Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure Visual assessment Visual assessment Branches angle scoring scale on 3 g/m2 Numerical unknown diameter WV-d wood vessel Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter nkat/mg Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Pole protocol Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Growth scoring scale Pore area protocol None Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Mean value Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Suberin chemical content protocol cork Pores frequency pore frequency Pores Frequency Number of pores in frame area Pore lenght Pores Length cork Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank pore lenght photosystem II Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII leaf Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II PhiPS2 ST leaf Leaf staining staining Leaf staining Drought defects scoring scale Carbon content in leaves Leaf carbon content CM leaf carbon content azimuth azimuth Individual aspect soil The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II ETR protocol Abundance in crown scoring scale HB branch Branch height Height of the branch height None Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Uredia number protocol plant VER Measurement of the deviation from the verticality deviation verticality Deviation from verticality Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue chlorophyll content leaf Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chl a/b Numerical unknown - 1 decimal depth Soil depth soil Soil depth around the tree soil_depth temperature Temperature on the site of the population Temp Temperature population Leaf soluble protein content leaf protein content SPC Soluble protein content in leaves Regeneration scoring scale mm SACL leaf saccharose content Saccharose content in leaves Leaf saccharose content DEF Assessment of the plant defects plant defects Plant defects Abundance scoring scale Assessment of seeds quantity Seeds quantity GRA seed quantity Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve carboxylation efficiency leaf Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inst_Carbon_eff height stem HTrunk Height trunk Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy LNC Leaf nitrogen content leaf Nitrogen content in leaves nitrogen content Cork thickness before boiling protocol Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Suberin Enedioic content suberin content Suberin Enedioic content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid bark BarkR roughness Bark roughness Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Radial section protocol foot NBPIEDSUP Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage Additional feet quantity Plant height protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer Regularity scoring scale Polycyclism scoring scale DHL lenticel color Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents molecule content H/S/G wood Leaf perimeter Leaf perimeter leaf perimeter LP hemicellulose content wood Hemicellulose wood composition Hemicellulose wood composition WHC Thinning protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Number of individuals in the population NbI Number of individuals quantity plant Ratio Budflush date Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time bud BF_date break plant Height increment IH Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem height Defects scoring scale cork Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width crown Crown size spread crown_size plant POLY Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season Polycyclism nature polycyclism Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Cumulative value g Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Stem length protocol cm2/g Increase protocol Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth BioF Foliar biomass foliar biomass Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown plant Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_76 evaluation µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Chlorophyll b Chl b leaf chlorophyll content Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue Computation None mol.m-2.s-1 Primary bud quantity primary bud quantity Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. PriBD Shape scoring scale Eelness scoring score Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Tangential section protocol BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_12 evaluation ANG Branch angle angle Assessment of the branches angle branch Assessment of petiols without leaves Petiols without leaves PETIOL leaf petiol PL Petiole length length petiol Petiole length Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. QUAL cork Cork quality quality bud TE Terminal bud status survival Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem RA ramicorn quantity Ramicorn quantity Assessment of the ramicorn quantity Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation Suberin Oleic content Suberin Oleic content suberin content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Curves scoring scale on 5 Shoot/Root dry mass biomass Shoot to Root dry weight ratio shoot/root S/RDM Degree venation leaf Percentage venation Percentage venation PV het5 None Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Forking score protocol Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time budset bud Budset date BS_date BBCH_63 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Competition Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow plant COMP competition shoot Shoot growth DEV growth Assessment of shoots growth lobe depth Lobe depth ratio LDR Lobe depth ratio Wood density Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood density wood WD CHAL Chalara Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea chalara plant Slope protocol Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_86 evaluation plant Comments observation COM Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal Weight of the dry root biomass root Root dry mass RDM Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_79 evaluation Measured by leaves weighing Biomass protocol leaf epidermal cell Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) EP Adaxial epidermal cells Wood parenchyma protocol None BBCH_84 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation None Cork discontinuities protocol Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation parts per million (ppm) plant sampling Harvest Sample(s) collected on the tree REC leaf transpiration Gs Transpiration rate Transpiration rate primary branching quantity Assessment of primary branching quantity nP Primary branching quantity Measurement None cover soil cover Vegetation/Rock cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree Terpinolene content leaf Terpinolene Terpinolene content molecule content None None Sylleptic shoots quantity sylleptic shoot Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot quantity Syllep Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring surface surf wood ring surface wood Intra-ring variance varintracerne Intra-ring variance ring m Index Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_37 evaluation Leaf water content Amount of water in leaves leaf water content LWC damages Game damage stem GIB Assessment of game damages BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth plant damages Drought damage Assessment of drought damages SEC Fructification scoring scale Branches angle scoring scale on 3b Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree Feet quantity quantity NBPIED foot Plagiotropy Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. PLAG plant geotropism branching RAM plant Branching degree Branching degree Rust scoring scale molecule content leaf Alpha pinene content a.pinene Alpha pinene content Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Repetitions protocol BBCH_95 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Plant width at the soil level R width plant Plant width at the soil level in spring Fructification BBCH scoring scale Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade lamina pubescence Lamina pubescence HR Stem diameter stem diameter D Diameter of the tree main stem Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N leaf C/N Assessment of the tree defoliation defoliation DF plant Defoliation Chalara influence on leaves Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number chalara leaf CHAL_nbF cm Half-day CO2 Internal CO2 concentration Ci leaf Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve Weight of the plant dry matter biomass Dry matter plant TDM lamina lobe Lobe width ratio Lobe width ratio LWR C Wood Carbon content wood carbon content Carbon content in wood CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) Growth BBCH scoring scale branch inclination aSeqBC Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches Sequential branches angle Delta 15N Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves nitrogen discrimination Delta15N leaf Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS xylem Xylem hydraulic conductivity hydraulic conductivity Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Bark thickness mean Delta C13 leaf Delta13C carbon discrimination Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves Day Prego Area of the nail inclusions Nail inclusions nail inclusions cork Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection BBCH_64 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. HPR enzymatic activity leaf Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Leaf water content protocol Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  None Pore roundness protocol Selection scoring scale µmol electron m-2 s-1 Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Budset protocol soil regeneration Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree Natural regeneration regeneration Maximal meteo value The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_91 evaluation cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants BBCH_00 evaluation Epinasty scoring scale Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Collar diameter protocol Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_98 evaluation Branches angle scoring scale on 4 Assimilation rate Assimilation rate leaf A assimilation cm-2 Needles coloration AIG color Assessment of the Larch needles coloration needle BBCH_06 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. None Wood vessel protocol Spike protocol Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. NPQ quenching Non-photochemical quenching leaf Non-photochemical quenching Defoliation scoring scale on 3 plant BRA branch Assessment of the tree branches density Branching density stone content Stone content in the soil around the tree soil Soil stone content stone_content Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. Monopodic growth monopodic monopodic plant Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. Sympodial growth plant sympodic sympodic Cork industrial quality protocols Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Aspect protocol The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope BS_score Budset bud budset Assessment of the budset level Uredinia Size scoring scale Assessment of forks position on the tree FO_score plant forks position Forking score Senescence BBCH scoring scale BBCH_11 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. Identifier Leaf coloration scoring scale BBCH_88 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) suberin content cork Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content replicate plant Number of repetitions Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated REP BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) W-w Wood width wood Wood width width stomatal conductance leaf gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf Detailed survival scoring scale Slope of the vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve vulnerability curve S50 slope Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed Minimal mean value plant Individual elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level elevation elevation Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area counting protocol Largest width of the lamina width WP Lamina largest width lamina None Lenticels protocol Resprout quantity Shoots Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing quantity shoot Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Branches angle protocol 2 UN Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus number Uredinia Number uredinia BBCH_89 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) latency Latent Period LD Latency measured against a given rust strain plant bud Terminal bud accident accident Recording of an accident on the terminal bud NAAT biomass Leaf dry mass LDM Weight of the dry leaf leaf Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Obversity protocol None % STOM stomatal density leaf Stomatal density Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration leaf Limonene Limonene content molecule content Limonene content X-Ray protocol Observation made by X-Ray Wood vessels cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-CW-t cell wall thickness wood vessel mg/L Shoot diameter increase IRD Shoot diameter increase diameter branch Damage scoring scale The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Slenderness protocol BBCH_74 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Alpha cubebene content leaf Alpha cubebene content molecule content a.cubebene ESP Cork plank thickness thickness cork Cork plant thickness FLX Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree Tree flexuosity plant flexuosity Colorimetric protocol Colorimetric determination Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO enzymatic activity leaf uredinia Uredinia Size Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus size US Fructification FRUC Assessment of the fructification fructification fruit None Leaf surface protocol µmol CO2 / mmol H2O Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying N-Lygn_lent cell lygnifying cork Lygnifying lenticel cells quantity Rachis quantity rachis RACH Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade N-A&E_lent Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding Growing lenticel cells cells alongating/expanding cork None Pore lenght protocol Sex scoring scale Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed Maximal mean value Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol DES drying up Stem drying up plant Assessment of the drying up level of the stem Sampling plant Individuals sampling for a specific study ECH selection GEL plant Assessment of frost damages Frost damage damages X-Ray counting protocol Counting made with X-Ray wood ring width TRW Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree Tree ring width NCI plant Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level competition index Competition index Woodpecker status cork The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. Woodpecker quality m2.MPa-1.s-1 growth Assessment of the stop of shoots growth AC shoot Growth stop vpm [C02] Ribbon 130cm protocol Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Slenderness C_El slenderness plant Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter Budflush scoring protocol Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale wood B ring Ring density Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_87 evaluation linha BBCH_68 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_71 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Basal sweep protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale SeqBC Sequential branches quantity sequential branch sequential branch Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Heterozygosity population Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population heterozygosity Heterozygosity Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_13 evaluation Wood axial parenchyma high high Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h axial parenchyma Minimal value The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values Determination of the tree sex sex Sex determination SEX plant BBCH_65 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. None Epicormic percentage protocol Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf Leaf electron transport rate electron transport leaf ETR A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas Terrentas/Barrentas quality cork Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Leaf area protocol Specific activity of rubisco in leaves Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves leaf enzymatic activity SAR BBCH_45 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration Stem water content stem water content Amount of water in the stem SWC stomatal conductance Stomatal conductance to CO2 leaf Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf gC Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Rust ROU plant rust Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant Leaf counting protocol molecule content 3 carene content 3 carene content leaf 3Carene Budflush BBCH scoring scale branch appearance ANVERE Year of appearance of the reference verticula Reference whorl Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina Lobe quantity NL lobe quantity Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper protocol RWC Root water content Amount of water in roots root water content Master branches quantity quantity master branche Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter NBBRM stomatal index Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area SI leaf Stomatal index Number Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_61 evaluation branch diameter RD Shoot diameter Shoot diameter An The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. leaf Photosynthetic rate photosynthetic rate mmol H2O m-2 s-1 None Wood infradensity protocol Wood width protocol None BBCH_70 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BF_score Assessment of the bud break level break Budflush bud Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open BBCH_53 evaluation survival leaf WI Assessment of the survival state of leaves Withered leaves Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Independant cover protocol Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_15 evaluation Height fork fork height Insertion height of the fork HFO Content ratio measured by chemical analysis Chemical content ratio protocol Cover scoring scale Budburst scoring scale dry mass Shoot dry mass SHDM shoot Shoot dry mass None Stable isotope analysis Geotropism scoring scale cork Chemical composition in polyphenols Polyphenols composition polyphenols Phenols_CC Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation Total length of the shoot LPOUS length shoot Shoot length NID Nests quantity Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree quantity nest quantity leaf Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree Leaf quantity LV Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_39 evaluation BBCH_99 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol Suberin Glycerol content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol Suberin Glycerol content suberin content The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue quality Formiga cork Formiga status cork age scoring scale quantity Intercalary veins quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins NV leaf vein Precocity scoring scale identification Identification ID Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree plant Blossoming BBCH scoring scale CNL protocol Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time Virtual plot protocol Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 specific area leaf Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass SLA Specific leaf area Bark roughness scoring scale Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² BBCH_72 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon BBCH_62 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Competition scoring scale Chlorophyll protocol Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. Camphene content camphene molecule content Camphene content leaf Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content suberin content Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content cork Tension wood WT% cork quality Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying NBVOIS Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree plant Alive neighboring trees neighbors Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Suberin Tyramine content Suberin Tyramine content suberin content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine pé de linha Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper - largest branch protocol radial parenchyma WRP-h Wood radial parenchyma high Wood radial parenchyma high high Epis Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. epicormic Epicormic quantity quantity Collar protocol Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Cork plank color protocol Expert visual assessment for cork belly color µm polyphenols Polysacharide composition Sacharides_CC cork Chemical composition in polysacharide Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_16 evaluation bud BF_prec Budflush precocity Coefficient of the budflush precocity bud break Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place plant thinning Thinning ECL Ring width protocol None stem Weight of the dry stem Stem dry mass biomass SDM Straightened branch straightening Assessment of straightened branch branch BRR External hypertrophied lenticels diameter EHLD diameter External hypertrophied lenticels diameter lenticel Forking scoring scale on 4 width Lobe width Lobe width LW lobe ‰ The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Minimal meteo value Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol Measured below the terminal bud Shoot diameter protocol leaf mass/area Leaf mass per leaf area LMA Leaf mass per leaf area Carboxylation efficiency The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. leaf carboxylation efficiency An/Ci Cork plank color scoring scale Gradians Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues lenticel THL quantity Hypertrophied lenticels quantity leaf germacrene Germacrene content molecule content Germacrene content Mean wood density Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface Branching habit scoring scale Marcescence scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_34 evaluation BBCH_90 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen mm - no decimal RQ Rubisco content in leaves Leaf rubisco content leaf rubisco content a.humulene leaf Alpha humulene content molecule content Alpha humulene content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols Suberin Alkanols content Suberin Alkanols content suberin content Secondary bud quantity SecBD Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. quantity secondary bud To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Cork thickness after boiling protocol Fis panmixia Fixation index Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population population ACC increase Annual increase Annual increase Leaf mass/area protocol The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Percentage venation protocol None Chalara scoring scale on 5 leaf Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue Chl a chlorophyll content Chlorophyll a BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) quantity LBD Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Epicormic bud quantity epicormic bud Calendar year SLA protocol Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) Senescence scoring scale Cork ring width protocol None Budset scoring scale None Computation per gram of protein Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Fork height protocol Gamma cadidene content leaf g.cadidene molecule content Gamma cadidene content cm2 mg/cm2 Status scoring scale Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Fruits/Cones mean Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale Defoliation scoring scale on 5 Number/area Cork plank uniformity protocol leaf Leaf pigments content pigment content Pigments content in leaves TPgC cork Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid Suberin Ectadecanedioid content suberin content Crown scoring scale Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature BBCH_49 evaluation P50 presure xylem Xylem pressure Xylem pressure Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Bark thickness protocol Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_85 evaluation Branching habit Branching habit branch BRAH Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_18 evaluation canker Canker quantity Canker Assessment of canker quantity quantity growth unit quantity NBUC Growth unit quantity Assessment of growth units quantity Heterozygosity scoring scale Debarking protocol None BBCH_03 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank pore area Pores area cork Pores Area Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_32 evaluation Canopy projection protocol Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Volume volume Vol Canker_G Canker girdling Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus stem lesion Fruits/Cones protocol Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Canker girdling index protocol Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Pilodyn protocol Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions thickness BarkT Bark thickness bark Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark soil slope Individual slope slope Slope angle at the location of the tree Cork plank uniformity protocol Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity g/100g quality preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas cork Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker lesion length protocol Drying up scoring scale Blossoming scoring scale Flexuosity protocol Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 Hour pore roundness Pores roundness Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. Pores Roundness cork Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol plant Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown HT Tree height height DEF_V whorl default Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. Whorl defects Marcescence scoring scale on 6 plant status Assessment of the tree status Tree status STAT Forking scoring scale on 5 Net photosynthesis net_An Net photosynthesis Assessment of the health status related to red band disease plant survival Health status red strip SUR mg/g DW Lamina length Lamina length lamina length LL Assessment of alleles quantity in the population allele NbA quantity Alleles quantity BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_78 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_77 evaluation Tolerance protocol Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation wood Cellulose wood composition Cork chemical composition in cellulose cellulose content WCC Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_07 evaluation method_of Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale Branches angle scoring scale on 5 variable_of