DESC INRA Comments Célia Michotey COM Observations COM[Adonis] 3 Beautiful tree, to keep Canker_GI Girdling.index Célia Michotey INRA/IBET girdling_index Canker girdling index CGI[Adonis] ma[Adonis] Maximal ring density ma Célia Michotey INRA mpond[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Mean ring density mpond Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content IBET SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC INRA WP[Adonis] Célia Michotey WP Lamina largest width SEX INRA Célia Michotey Sex determination SEX[Adonis] Mean flush length Célia Michotey MFL[Adonis] MFL INRA Inês Chaves PorosityCoef_Ta PP-Ta[Adonis] % Pore-Ta IBET % Pore size - Tangential section 00_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Dormant winter buds BBCH_00 nSecBD Célia Michotey INRA nSBD[Adonis] Number of secondary buds Célia Michotey PETIOL P_F[Adonis] Petiols without leaves P_F INRA SWA IBET Soil water availability Inês Chaves Maximum assimilation rate Amax INRA Amax[Adonis] Célia Michotey Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inês Chaves Inst_Carbon_eff IBET W-w W_w[Adonis] Wood width IBET Inês Chaves WAP-t Wood axial parenchyma thickness IBET Inês Chaves WAP-t[Adonis] 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 88 3 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) 10% of leaves/needles out BBCH_11 Célia Michotey 11_NB[Adonis] INRA IBET Pica-pau Inês Chaves Woodpecker Woodp[Adonis] Woodpecker INRA min5 Célia Michotey Mean lowest density values min5[Adonis] Célia Michotey nLBD Number of latent buds INRA nLBD[Adonis] 3 Dominant tree Xylem hydraulic conductivity Célia Michotey KS[Adonis] INRA KS DOC DOC[Adonis] Dissolved oxygen content Célia Michotey INRA LONG LPOUS[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoot length LB INRA LPOUS Branch length Nail size Prego NS[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Wood inclusions Drought damage defects D_S DEF_SEC DEF_S[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Health status SUR Survival S SUR[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey MOR ES BBCH_90 First leaves faded or fallen INRA 90_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BarkR BarkR[Adonis] Bark roughness Célia Michotey INRA 4 Branch angle - rating on 3 ANGn3[Adonis] ANG_n3 Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA NAAT[Adonis] NAAT Number of years with terminal bud accident IBET Nail size area - Transversal section Inês Chaves NS-Tr[Adonis] nail Area_Tr Prego-Tr Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area Célia Michotey FLXn5[Adonis] INRA Flexuosity - rating on 5 FLX_n5 Photosynthetic rate - light curve Inês Chaves An_LightCurve An_LightCurve_leaf IBET Célia Michotey INRA Leaf chlorophyll content LCC[Adonis] LCC 0 Alive and unfrozen CHAH[Adonis] INRA CHALHa Célia Michotey CHALH Chalara on the tree upper part Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height 1 13 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles Célia Michotey INRA Tree circumference CIR[Adonis] Tree girth Ci130 C130 CIR Defoliation - rating on 5 DF_n5 INRA DF_n5[Adonis] Célia Michotey CB Basal sweep Co CB[Adonis] INRA bs Célia Michotey Low growth 1 17_NB[Adonis] 70% of leaves/needles out BBCH_17 Célia Michotey INRA The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen 90 DCOL DIA_C[Adonis] CD INRA/IBET RCD Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Root collar diameter DIA_col DIACOL INRA/IBET GIB Célia Michotey GIB[Adonis] Game damage BRA_n3 BRAn3[Adonis] Branching - rating on 3 Célia Michotey INRA 3 60° BarkT[Adonis] BarkT INRA Célia Michotey Bark thickness Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_34 34_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 40% of their size R_mass Root dry mass RDW INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves RDM[Adonis] Root biomass RDM varintracerne VIC[Adonis] Intra-ring variance Célia Michotey INRA Marcescence - rating on 4 Célia Michotey INRA MAR_n4 MARn4[Adonis] PL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Petiole length PL 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Shoots at 30% of their size Célia Michotey BBCH_33 INRA 33_NB[Adonis] canopy_projection Canopy projection INRA Célia Michotey canop[Adonis] Thin and few branches 5 INRA Célia Michotey C:N Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N C/N[Adonis] 90% of flowers sexually mature 69_NB[Adonis] BBCH_69 Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA SPCm[Adonis] Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass SPCm Célia Michotey Number of intercalary veins NV[Adonis] INRA NV Budflush scoring - rating on 8 Célia Michotey BFSn8[Adonis] BF_score_n8 INRA DEBFAGUS Drought damage note NSEC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA SECN Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles 14 HI deltaH IHeight Célia Michotey INRA IH deltaH.F HPOU Height increment IH[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Number of flushes NF[Adonis] NF Budflush BBCH BF_BBCH INRA Célia Michotey BF_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey tol[Adonis] Tolerance Tol d.cadidene INRA Célia Michotey Delta cadidene content FLX5b[Adonis] Flexuosity - rating on 5b Célia Michotey INRA FLX_n5b INRA BBCH_35 35_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 50% of their size Célia Michotey A Assimilation rate Célia Michotey A[Adonis] INRA gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour Célia Michotey INRA gW[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_14 14_NB[Adonis] 40% of leaves/needles out DEVFO[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Become of fork DEVFO Cankers INRA Célia Michotey CANK[Adonis] Canker 62_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_62 Célia Michotey 20% of flowers sexually mature 13C 13C[Adonis] Carbon 13 INRA/IBET d13Cc Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Wood carbon 13 INRA NCI Competition index Célia Michotey NCI[Adonis] vSeqBC vSBC[Adonis] Sequential branches volume Célia Michotey INRA Dominated tree 1 BBCH_68 80% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey INRA 68_NB[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves SuberinFerulicA_CC Suberin Ferulic content 30% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey INRA 63_NB[Adonis] BBCH_63 Inês Chaves LWC IBET Leaf water content INRA Célia Michotey DCS[Adonis] Crown dieback status DCS Leaf number Lf IBET Lf[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Roundness Inês Chaves PoR[Adonis] Pores Roundness IBET 3 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry IBET Wood Hydrogen 1 1H[Adonis] Inês Chaves Hydrogen 1 1H varintraBF Célia Michotey INRA Variance of late wood density values VI_BF[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA CHALHOU CHALH[Adonis] Crown Chalara Height trunk HTr[Adonis] HTrunk Célia Michotey INRA NBAMF[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Number of years monopodic - forked tree NBAMF RQm[Adonis] RQm INRA Célia Michotey Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass 50 Winter dormant flower bud FO_i[Adonis] Fork_index INRA Célia Michotey FO_index Forking index INRA/IBET LNCa LNCa[Adonis] Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 2 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen PorosityCoef_R % Pore size - Radial section % Pore-R IBET PP-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves GO[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Célia Michotey INRA GO S_mass SDM[Adonis] INRA/IBET Stem biomass SDM SDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Stem dry mass BF_BL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DEB Bud break Bud burst BF_score_BL Budflush.F Budflush.I Budflush.UK Broadleaves budflush scoring Budflush 55_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_55 Floral buds emerged but closed Célia Michotey PV INRA PV[Adonis] Percentage venation 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch Célia Michotey NBBR[Adonis] INRA NBBRA Branches number NBBR Célia Michotey Buds ready to burst INRA BBCH_03 03_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey MaxWi[Adonis] MaxWi Maximum water use efficiency INRA ANGn5[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 5 ANG_n5 Célia Michotey INRA Tree diameter INRA/IBET Célia Michotey DIA D DBH[Adonis] DBH 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels PEPc Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey AIG AIG[Adonis] Needles coloration INRA FRUT[Adonis] Fructification abundance 2 FRUT Célia Michotey Conifers budflush scoring BF_CO[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BF_score_CO High allelic diversity 3 CNB[Adonis] Canker number NBCHA NBCH Canker_nb INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA Chalara influence on leaves CHAL_nbF C_nbF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Nests presence INRA/IBET NID[Adonis] NID 3Carene INRA Célia Michotey 3 carene content 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) INRA External hypertrophied lenticels diameter EHLD Célia Michotey EHLD[Adonis] INRA TPgCa[Adonis] Total pigments content per leaf area Célia Michotey TPgCa 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch INRA BBCH_78 Célia Michotey 80% of fruits reached maximum size 78_NB[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Pore size - Transversal section PoresArea_Tr Pore-Tr P-Tr[Adonis] CM[Adonis] CM.F INRA Célia Michotey CM Leaf carbon content Growth BBCH INRA Célia Michotey DEV_BBCH DV_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA gC Stomatal conductance to CO2 gC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Start of shoot growth 30_NB[Adonis] BBCH_30 Forking score - rating on 5 INRA Célia Michotey FOSn5[Adonis] FO_score_n5 Number of years sympotic - forked tree NBASF[Adonis] NBASF Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA 66_NB[Adonis] BBCH_66 60% of flowers sexually mature Budset date date15.UK date15.3 date15.3.F BS_d[Adonis] date15 INRA Célia Michotey date15.F BS_date date15.I 33 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Célia Michotey LCCm Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass INRA LCCm[Adonis] AnII_Ef IBET Inês Chaves Photosystem II operating efficiency Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_01 01_NB[Adonis] Buds swelling 60% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA 16_NB[Adonis] BBCH_16 Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_45 45_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds with juvenile coloration Célia Michotey LWR[Adonis] INRA LWR Lobe width ratio IBET Stem length Inês Chaves Stem_L 51 The majority of the flower buds began to swell INRA nEBC[Adonis] nEpiBC Number of epicormic branches Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey SCm[Adonis] SCm Saccharose content per leaf dry mass 7 Almost spread leaves, start of shoot aspect Célia Michotey INRA Individual aspect expo[Adonis] ANGn4[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Branch angle - rating on 4 ANG_n4 INRA SURb[Adonis] SURb Health status Survival ESb Célia Michotey 2 Up to 50% of affected shoots 10% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_91 91_NB[Adonis] ? 6 nPBD[Adonis] Number of primary buds nPriBD Célia Michotey INRA Obversity INRA OB[Adonis] OB Lamina shape Célia Michotey Below 30° (steep) 1 3 Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) GELN Frost damage note Célia Michotey INRA/IBET GELN[Adonis] Inês Chaves CR-w[Adonis] Cork ring width IBET CR-w Amean[Adonis] Amean Célia Michotey INRA Mean assimilation rate Sinus width SW[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA SW no damage 0 Wood Carbon 12 IBET Carbon 12 12C[Adonis] 12C Inês Chaves 67_NB[Adonis] BBCH_67 Célia Michotey 70% of flowers sexually mature INRA pBF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey pBF Percentage of late wood INRA Célia Michotey 90% of leaves/needles out BBCH_19 19_NB[Adonis] Best color 10 Célia Michotey INRA NBUC Growth unit number NBUC[Adonis] 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 98 Célia Michotey Forking year INRA ANFO ANFO[Adonis] REC[Adonis] REC Harvest Célia Michotey INRA DCE Célia Michotey Pollarding DCE[Adonis] INRA deltaCIRC ICIR deltaC.F deltaC.I deltaC ICIR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Circumference increment INRA Inês Chaves WRP-h IBET WRP-h[Adonis] Wood radial parenchyma high BBCH_99 Célia Michotey INRA 99_NB[Adonis] 90% of leaves faded or fallen 94_NB[Adonis] INRA 40% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey BBCH_94 Célia Michotey NBAMD[Adonis] NBAMD Number of years monopodic - straight tree INRA 10% of fruits mature BBCH_81 Célia Michotey INRA 81_NB[Adonis] HBM HBM[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Height first dead branch NBREC Harvest number Célia Michotey INRA NBREC[Adonis] CONREC Penetration opposition Célia Michotey INRA PIL[Adonis] PIL Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent N-2WL[Adonis] IBET Big 5 SEN SEN[Adonis] Senescence Célia Michotey INRA Shoots at 10% of their size Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_31 31_NB[Adonis] 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 72 INRA BT_m[Adonis] BarkT_mean Bark thickness mean Célia Michotey 18_NB[Adonis] BBCH_18 INRA Célia Michotey 80% of leaves/needles out Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) 3 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference 1 Célia Michotey NBPIEDSUP INRA Number of additional feet NBPS[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene IBET SWC Inês Chaves Stem water content Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area NS-Ta[Adonis] Nail size area - Tangential section Prego-Ta IBET Inês Chaves nail Area_Ta 5 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree IBET cork S/G Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Inês Chaves Lamina length Célia Michotey LL[Adonis] INRA LL Frost damage GEL[Adonis] GEL INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Inês Chaves Leaf electron transport rate ETR IBET At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 07 BF_score_n3 Célia Michotey INRA Budflush scoring - rating on 3 BFSn3[Adonis] Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) 2 36_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 60% of their size BBCH_36 Célia Michotey INRA 38 Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Plagiotropic 0 BBCH_98 INRA Célia Michotey 98_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves faded or fallen FS FSE SEC[Adonis] INRA/IBET Drought damage Célia Michotey SEC Inês Chaves Cork AG CAG[Adonis] AnnualGrowth Cork annual growth IBET 50% of leaves/needles out 15_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_15 PoresRoundness_R Pore_Round-R Inês Chaves Pore Roundness - Radial section PR-R[Adonis] IBET Chl a IBET Chlorophyll a Inês Chaves Rubisco content in leaves Célia Michotey INRA RQ CRL RQ[Adonis] The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. 55 Célia Michotey INRA Blossoming BBCH FLO_BBCH FL_NB[Adonis] 64_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_64 40% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey 4 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected INRA MAR_n6 MARn6[Adonis] Marcescence - rating on 6 Célia Michotey 4 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks Diameter of terminal bud Célia Michotey TBD INRA TBD[Adonis] IBET Chl b Inês Chaves Chlorophyll b Inês Chaves Pores Length Pores Length PoLe[Adonis] IBET INRA SACL Célia Michotey Leaf saccharose content SACL[Adonis] INRA a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content Célia Michotey IBET SuberinGlycerol_CC Suberin Glycerol content Inês Chaves Inês Chaves Inner plank surface uniformity BR relevo da barriga IBET Inner plank surface relief BR[Adonis] BBCH_13 13_NB[Adonis] 30% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey NbA[Adonis] NbA Number of alleles Percentage of tension wood Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WTP[Adonis] INRA/IBET WT% Polycyclism on lateral shoots only 3 surf surf[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Ring surface IBET Cal[Adonis] Cal calibre Cork plank thickness Inês Chaves Caliber GR[Adonis] INRA GR Célia Michotey Tree growth Vigor RA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Ramicorn RA Mean late wood density mBF Célia Michotey INRA mBF[Adonis] Camphene content camphene Célia Michotey INRA Inês Chaves Pores Area PoA[Adonis] IBET Pores Area At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 09 HPR HPR[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase a.humulene Alpha humulene content INRA Célia Michotey 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks 2 PR-Ta[Adonis] Pore Roundness - Tangential section PoresRoundness_Ta IBET Pore_Round-Ta Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf area CARa CARa[Adonis] NBS[Adonis] INRA NBS Célia Michotey TAI Secateur knocks number LCCa INRA Célia Michotey Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area LCCa[Adonis] Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles 16 Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 36 CIBAS CIRC_B CIR_B[Adonis] INRA Tree circumference at the collar Célia Michotey CIR_B CBAS CCO CIR_Base FOR[Adonis] FOR Shape INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey CON FRUC INRA FRUC[Adonis] Fructification 40% of fruits reached maximum size INRA BBCH_74 74_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_83 Célia Michotey INRA 30% of fruits mature 83_NB[Adonis] NM.F Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen content NM[Adonis] INRA LNC NM 9 ARMILL Armillaria ARM Célia Michotey ARM[Adonis] INRA 53_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_53 Célia Michotey Flower buds opening Formiga Formiga IBET Formi[Adonis] Inês Chaves INRA Célia Michotey ST[Adonis] ST Leaf Staining NBF NBCON Nb_cones NBF[Adonis] INRA NbCones Célia Michotey Nb_cone Fruits/Cones number Crown dieback dc INRA Mean early wood density mBI mBI[Adonis] Célia Michotey RAM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Branching degree INRA RAM LRWC Leaf relative water content IBET Inês Chaves Collar canker number NBCH[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA NBCH Célia Michotey INRA DP DP[Adonis] Double feet aSBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey aSeqBC Sequential branches angle TE[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Terminal bud dead TE BBCH_65 INRA Célia Michotey 50% of flowers sexually mature 65_NB[Adonis] Leaf area LA[Adonis] LAR Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LA INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Allelic richness AR AR[Adonis] INRA Nests number NBN NBNPRO NBN[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 4 Green white bud, beginning of leaves QUAL[Adonis] Cork Quality IBET QUAL Inês Chaves INRA AC[Adonis] Growth stop Célia Michotey AC August shots 79 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Célia Michotey max5[Adonis] max5 INRA Mean strongest density values 19 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles 00 Dormant winter bud CIR1 Circum.F INRA/IBET Circum.UK CIR1[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Girth at 1m Circum.I Tree circumference at 1m Independant Vegetation/Rock cover cov1[Adonis] INRA cover1 Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA Shoots at 20% of their size BBCH_32 32_NB[Adonis] BBCH_76 76_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 60% of fruits reached maximum size Doubtful -5 SI[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey SI Stomatal index 4 Média Seeds INRA Célia Michotey GRA GRA[Adonis] Gr 93_NB[Adonis] 30% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_93 Between 30° and 60° 2 7 Crown dieback INRA Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen content %N %N[Adonis] %N Inês Chaves IBET Root water content RWC 4 2 Moderate to strong bends (severe) Célia Michotey First leaves/needles out INRA 10_NB[Adonis] BBCH_10 IBET N-debark Number of debarkings Inês Chaves N-deb[Adonis] nail Area_R Prego-R IBET Nail size area - Radial section Wood inclusions area - Radial section NS-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves Dead -9 INRA NBF_m[Adonis] NBF_mean Fruits/Cones number mean Célia Michotey 90% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_79 INRA Célia Michotey 79_NB[Adonis] 5 Hanging down (> 90°) INRA depth[Adonis] Célia Michotey Soil depth soil_depth 5 No fork Epinasty Célia Michotey INRA EPI EPI[Adonis] Célia Michotey Branching habit INRA BRAH[Adonis] BRAH 5 Célia Michotey INRA ID ID[Adonis] Identification Suberin Enedioic content Inês Chaves SuberinEnedioicA_CC IBET Célia Michotey HBV[Adonis] HBV Height first living branch INRA Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 1 INRA Célia Michotey Plant defects DEF D_P DEF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_77 70% of fruits reached maximum size 77_NB[Adonis] FR_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Fructification BBCH FRUC_BBCH Célia Michotey ESBR INRA ESBR[Adonis] Health status red strip Leaf color LC COUL Célia Michotey LC[Adonis] INRA INRA Total protein content per leaf dry mass TPCm Célia Michotey TPCm[Adonis] WID IBET Wood infradensity WID[Adonis] Inês Chaves 5 ? Terpinolene content Célia Michotey INRA Terpinolene BBCH_95 Célia Michotey 50% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 95_NB[Adonis] Delta15N d15N Célia Michotey INRA D15N[Adonis] delta N15 Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination 5 Leaves comes out of 10% of buds 08_NB[Adonis] BBCH_08 Célia Michotey INRA 3 Medium DT INRA Trunk diameter below largest branch Célia Michotey DT[Adonis] Number of individuals Célia Michotey INRA NbI[Adonis] NbI Straightened branch INRA BRR BRR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Damaged tree 2 INRA Prec Célia Michotey Average rainfall 2 R Plant width at the soil level INRA Célia Michotey R[Adonis] Little early 2 < 5% None Célia Michotey INRA RD[Adonis] RD Diameter below terminal bud HGB[Adonis] Célia Michotey HGB INRA Height largest branch LCH Collar Chalara INRA CHALCOL CHALC[Adonis] Célia Michotey g.cadidene Gamma cadidene content Célia Michotey INRA Total protein content per leaf area Célia Michotey TPCa TPCa[Adonis] INRA Stomatal density STOM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey STOM Fixation index Célia Michotey Fis INRA Fis[Adonis] Inês Chaves Stem diameter Stem_D IBET 1 Healthy, no sore INRA Célia Michotey EP[Adonis] EP Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area Temp_MAX Célia Michotey INRA Mean maximum temperature 1 Dormant winter bud (late flushing) Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 17 Forks fch 3 CHALB INRA Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree lower part CHAB[Adonis] CHALinf Célia Michotey S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve S50[Adonis] INRA INRA rege[Adonis] regeneration Natural regeneration Célia Michotey Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 32 Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 Shoots.F Shoots Shoot[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of resprouts Shoots.UK Shoots.I Célia Michotey Number of sequential branches INRA nSeqBC nSBC[Adonis] BC[Adonis] cor da barriga BC color da barriga IBET Inês Chaves Inner plank surface color Wood Hydrogen 2 2H[Adonis] IBET 2H Inês Chaves Hydrogen 2 He_bis INRA Célia Michotey Expected heterozygosity He2[Adonis] Plant biomass TDM Total_mass Dry matter TDM[Adonis] INRA/IBET Plant dry weight PDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 0 Nothing, no chalara WC% Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WCP[Adonis] INRA/IBET Percentage of compression wood Thinning Célia Michotey INRA ECL[Adonis] CLOI ECL Célia Michotey INRA Foliar biomass BioF[Adonis] BioF BiomF The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 4 Inês Chaves Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC IBET IBET Cobri[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cobrilha Cobrilha 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated Célia Michotey 39_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 90% of their size BBCH_39 INRA IBET Net photosynthesis Inês Chaves net_An Wood density WD[Adonis] Inês Chaves WD IBET 4 Crown completely green 30% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_73 73_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area % Prego-R NailInclusionsCoef_R Nail size percentage - Radial section %nail Area_Tr IBET PN-R[Adonis] IBET PhiPS2 Inês Chaves Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen INRA RQn[Adonis] Célia Michotey RQn Female 2 Completely defoliated 0 INRA Célia Michotey CHAL_n3 CHALn3[Adonis] Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 Cut 1 78 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Number of dry years on the stem DES[Adonis] Célia Michotey DES INRA IBET Inês Chaves Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood wood S/G Célia Michotey TB INRA TB[Adonis] Number of buds at the terminal cluster RAMA Syllep.UK Syllep.I Number of sylleptic shoots INRA Célia Michotey Sylle[Adonis] Syllep.F Syllep ? 1 49_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_49 50% of buds lignified and mature DF_n3[Adonis] Célia Michotey Defoliation - rating on 3 DF_n3 INRA Tree to cut 1 vEBC[Adonis] vEpiBC INRA Célia Michotey Epicormic branch volume MARc[Adonis] INRA MAR_coef Célia Michotey Marcescence coefficient INRA He He[Adonis] Expected heterozygosity Célia Michotey BS_date_cnl date_cnl BScnl[Adonis] INRA Budset date in cumulative night length Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA crown_size Crown spread Crown size crown[Adonis] INRA 06_NB[Adonis] BBCH_06 10% of the bud burst Célia Michotey BBCH_70 INRA Célia Michotey 70_NB[Adonis] First fruits reached maximum size Epicormic branches per epicormics INRA rEpiBC Célia Michotey rEBC[Adonis] BF_date Budflush date Budburst date Célia Michotey BF_d[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of primary branching INRA nP[Adonis] nP gwmax gwmax[Adonis] Maximum stomatal conductance Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_87 Célia Michotey 70% of fruits mature INRA 87_NB[Adonis] MWi[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA MWi Mean intrinsic water use efficiency Inês Chaves IBET Wood fibers lengh WF-l[Adonis] WF-l 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 74 Célia Michotey INRA NLV[Adonis] Total number of leaves NLV IBET Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Inês Chaves Inês Chaves PoresArea_Ta Pore size -Tangential section P-Ta[Adonis] IBET Pore-Ta 66 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 1 Dying tree PoresArea_R Pore size - Radial section Inês Chaves P-R[Adonis] Pore-R IBET TSuberin_CC Total suberin content IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey Year reference whorl ANVERE INRA AVR[Adonis] 2 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect d13Cf Delta13C Leaf carbone isotope discrimination D13C[Adonis] delta-13C delta C13 d13C Célia Michotey INRA/IBET discriC13 Delta.F BS_score BS_s[Adonis] Budset INRA Budset scoring Célia Michotey BBCH_89 90% of fruits mature 89_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Inês Chaves Terrentas/Barrentas IBET Terrentas/Barrentas Superior 2 P50[Adonis] INRA Xylem pressure Célia Michotey P50 80% of fruits mature 88_NB[Adonis] BBCH_88 Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_71 71_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 10% of fruits reached maximum size 6 3 Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible SUR_R[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA SUR_Rate Survival rate 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible Absence 0 WV-t[Adonis] Wood vessels cell wall thickness IBET Inês Chaves WV-CW-t El Célia Michotey HD Slenderness INRA C_EL C_El[Adonis] NBVOIS Célia Michotey INRA NBV[Adonis] Alive neighboring trees S/RDM[Adonis] SDM/RDM S/RDM Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S:R INRA/IBET Shoot/Root dry mass Worst 10 Medium ring density Célia Michotey INRA mid[Adonis] mid Célia Michotey INRA Alpha pinene content a.pinene LDR INRA Célia Michotey Lobe depth ratio LDR[Adonis] Total hypertrophied lenticels THL INRA Célia Michotey THL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Soil stone content stone_content stone[Adonis] 1 Male Start of shoot growth 30 20% of fruits mature 82_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_82 Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon INRA LN/LC[Adonis] Célia Michotey LN/LC enguy[Adonis] Cork discontinuities enguy IBET Inês Chaves 1 Few and/or thin branches mi Minimal ring density Célia Michotey INRA mi[Adonis] GIBN[Adonis] GIBN Game damage note INRA Célia Michotey PR-Tr[Adonis] IBET Pore Roundness - Transverse section Inês Chaves PoresRoundness_Tr Pore_Round-Tr INRA Temp_MIN Mean minimum temperature Célia Michotey Kept 0 Célia Michotey INRA LS[Adonis] Leaf surface LS IBET Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Inês Chaves Célia Michotey RECD[Adonis] INRA Harvest date RECD BBCH_07 50% of buds burst Célia Michotey 07_NB[Adonis] INRA Wood radial parenchyma thickness WRP-t IBET WRP-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves CLL[Adonis] Canker lesion length Canker.length Célia Michotey canker_length INRA/IBET Canker_LL ND[Adonis] ND INRA Number of day to reach budburst Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_84 84_NB[Adonis] 40% of fruits mature Célia Michotey Rachis number INRA NBRACH NBR[Adonis] -5 Dead PL-R[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Pore_L-R Pore Length - Radial section PoresLength_R INRA/IBET Cellulose wood composition WCC[Adonis] WCC Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 4 germacrene Célia Michotey INRA Germacrene content The majority of the flower buds have begun to open 53 NBFO NBF NBFO[Adonis] Célia Michotey NbFourches Forks number INRA NF % Prego-Ta PN-Ta[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section Nail size percentage - Tangential section NailInclusionsCoef_Ta % nail Area_Ta 2 LD INRA Célia Michotey LD[Adonis] Latent Period 2 Inflated bud Célia Michotey Rust ROU ROU[Adonis] INRA Inês Chaves SuberinTyramine_CC Suberin Tyramine content IBET 1 Medium Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content SuberinAlkanoicA_CC IBET Pubescence along the veins HRn[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey HRn INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Crown dieback DC[Adonis] DCI DC GOU GOU[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Epicormic branches GOURM FRU_R[Adonis] Fructification regularity INRA Célia Michotey FRUC_REG 2 Chalara easy to see Célia Michotey INRA Plagiotropy PLAG[Adonis] PLAG Dead tree 5 3 Groups: presence of scattered groups FRU_A[Adonis] FRUC_AB Célia Michotey INRA Fructification abundance Célia Michotey Allelic richness AR2[Adonis] INRA AR_bis 50_NB[Adonis] Dormant winter flower bud INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_50 Pore Length - Transversal section IBET Inês Chaves PoresLength_Tr PL-Tr[Adonis] Pore_L-Tr Célia Michotey 60_NB[Adonis] BBCH_60 First flowers sexually mature INRA 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet PorosityCoef_Tr Inês Chaves % Pore size - Transversal section PP-Tr[Adonis] IBET % Pore-Tr INRA DGB Célia Michotey DGB[Adonis] Diameter largest branch Célia Michotey cov2[Adonis] INRA Relative Vegetation/Rock cover cover2 BBCH_72 Célia Michotey 72_NB[Adonis] 20% of fruits reached maximum size INRA Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS GS[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA HRf[Adonis] Célia Michotey Pubescence in lamina central part INRA HRf Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels DHL[Adonis] DHL INRA Célia Michotey DIST INRA Célia Michotey Distance individual/neighbor DIST[Adonis] INRA Elevation elevation elev[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_75 50% of fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey 75_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Suberin Alkanols content SuberinAlkanols_CC ? 2 Blossoming FLO[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FLO Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference 2 Chalara very present 3 Beta pinene content b.pinene INRA Célia Michotey CARm INRA Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass CARm[Adonis] Dead 1 1,5 F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure Inês Chaves PL-Ta[Adonis] Pore Length - Tangential section PoresLength_Ta IBET Pore_L-Ta BBCH_80 Célia Michotey INRA First fruits mature 80_NB[Adonis] 1 Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall het5[Adonis] het5 Célia Michotey INRA max5-min5 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 64 HFO[Adonis] INRA HTF HFO Célia Michotey Height fork Célia Michotey INRA Number of epicormics nE[Adonis] nEpis At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) 40 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 77 Branching - rating on 5 scales BRAn5[Adonis] BRA_n5 Célia Michotey INRA sabinene Sabinene content INRA Célia Michotey cork H/S/G IBET Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Inês Chaves More than 75% of the area covered 8 3 Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 3 High heterozygosity Very visible leaves 5 INRA Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 CHAL_n5 CHALn5[Adonis] DESN[Adonis] DESN INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Stem drying up grading LP INRA LP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf perimeter LNCm[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm 81 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Fork 6 Célia Michotey VI_BI[Adonis] varintraBI Variance of early wood density values INRA IBET Polysacharide cork composition Inês Chaves Sacharides_CC Uncertain 2 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) HTm[Adonis] Hm INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Tree total height in m HTm 9 Game damage 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 -9 Dead 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 NL[Adonis] NL Number of lobes Célia Michotey INRA 1 Fork in lower third of the tree nPLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey nPriLBD INRA Number of latent primary buds 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 %Pores Cork Porosity IBET Inês Chaves PP[Adonis] Tree total height Height.F H Height.UK INRA/IBET HT[Adonis] HT Height.I Célia Michotey TH Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 1 Crown starts yellowing 3 INRA Flexuosity - rating on 3 Célia Michotey FLX_n3 FLXn3[Adonis] 2 Marcescent %C[Adonis] Leaf carbon content INRA Célia Michotey %C Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 5 Dormant winter bud 1 5 Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) b.myrcene Beta myrcene content INRA Célia Michotey Spread leaves, long shoot 8 Perfect 10 Embossed leaves 6 na Missing data Medium heterozygosity 2 2 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls BBCH_86 INRA Célia Michotey 86_NB[Adonis] 60% of fruits mature Less vigorous 2 BBCH_51 Célia Michotey Flower buds swelling INRA 51_NB[Adonis] 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 3 A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown No branch 0 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles 5 An/Ci IBET Leaf carboxylation efficiency Inês Chaves 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 65 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BF_p[Adonis] INRA BF_prec Budflush precocity Célia Michotey 08 At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales Canker cumulative length INRA Canker_LLC CLLC[Adonis] Célia Michotey CCH 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining 2 2,5 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height WF-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Wood fibers thickness WF-t Photosynthetic rate An IBET Inês Chaves 2 Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot 1 7 Célia Michotey BS[Adonis] BS Lamina basal shape INRA 3 Vigorous 0 Straight Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 4 BBCH_37 37_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 70% of their size Célia Michotey INRA RW TRW Growth ring width INRA/IBET Annual ring width Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves I Tree ring width TRW[Adonis] ARW Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 4 10% of shoots at growth stop Célia Michotey INRA 40_NB[Adonis] BBCH_40 76 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet nFork[Adonis] nFork Célia Michotey INRA Forks number - x-ray Between 10 and 25% of the area covered 5 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) IBET Inês Chaves Nail size percentage - Transversal section % Prego-Tr NailInclusionsCoef_Tr % nail Area_Tr Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section PN-Tr[Adonis] 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference 4 Very late absence 0 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) AVP[Adonis] AVP INRA Célia Michotey Ability to vegetative propagation 0 Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 2 On all branches [fork height] Fork still present at the given height Mean stomatal conductance gwmean INRA Célia Michotey gwmean[Adonis] REP[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of repetitions REP INRA Célia Michotey UN Uredinia Number UN[Adonis] ECH[Adonis] Sampling ECH INRA Célia Michotey Healthy tree 0 50% of buds with leaves coming out Célia Michotey INRA 09_NB[Adonis] BBCH_09 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 94 Célia Michotey INRA Vol[Adonis] Volume Vol NBBRM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBBRM Nomber of master branches Less than 10% of affected shoots 1 2 INRA Célia Michotey LMA[Adonis] LMA Leaf mass per leaf area Célia Michotey Polycyclism nature POLY INRA POLY[Adonis] Pores Frequency Inês Chaves Pores Frequency PoF[Adonis] IBET Suberin Oleic content SuberinOleicA_CC Inês Chaves IBET Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 Inês Chaves SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC Suberin Ectadecanedioid content IBET 2 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen Célia Michotey INRA DBRA[Adonis] Branche diameter GBRA DBRA 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 BBCH_96 Célia Michotey INRA 96_NB[Adonis] 60% of leaves faded or fallen Status STAT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey STAT LW[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Lobe width LW INRA Petiole ratio PR[Adonis] Célia Michotey PR Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_38 38_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 80% of their size Shoot dry mass Célia Michotey INRA SHDM[Adonis] SHDM 1 Doubtful Angle close to the right angle 1 Light meander 1 IBET WV-d WV-d[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood vessels diameter Célia Michotey INRA Forking score - rating on 4 FO_score_n4 FOSn4[Adonis] thickness Cork thickness before boiling IBET ESP espessura Inês Chaves ESP[Adonis] attribute Ci Internal CO2 concentration IBET Inês Chaves 3 More than 10 non-agglomerated sores INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf water content LWC[Adonis] LWC% 1 1 pollarding INRA Célia Michotey Limonene Limonene content 1 Smooth bark, some cracks 1 120° Number of years sympodic - straight tree NBASD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBASD 1 No straight stem (severe) 1 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. All buds dormant or just enlarged 1 2 Codominant tree No fruits 0 06 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 3 Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen 3 Very marcescent 3 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes Chrysomela Célia Michotey INRA CLCA[Adonis] Chrysomela leaf consumed area ? 7 Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA RQa 1 Dormant winter bud FRUCN Célia Michotey INRA Fructification note FRUCN[Adonis] Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot 4 SLAR Specific leaf area INRA/IBET SLA SLA[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 2 Abundant N-AEL[Adonis] N-A&E_lent IBET Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding Inês Chaves Full cover > 95% Transpiration rate Gs IBET Inês Chaves 62 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. NPQ Inês Chaves Non-photochemical quenching IBET Inês Chaves eels[Adonis] IBET Cork Eelness eels Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 TpgCm TPgCm[Adonis] Total pigments content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey INRA 85 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 Ramicorn ram Célia Michotey COMP INRA COMP[Adonis] Competition SPCa Célia Michotey SPCa[Adonis] INRA Soluble protein content per leaf area Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 4 Célia Michotey INRA slope[Adonis] slope Individual slope 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 67 97_NB[Adonis] 70% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_97 INRA Célia Michotey 92_NB[Adonis] 20% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_92 INRA Branch angle - rating on 3 Angle[Adonis] Célia Michotey ANG_n3b Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 INRA Phenotypic note SEL Célia Michotey SEL[Adonis] WI[Adonis] WI Withered leaves Célia Michotey INRA ? 3 2 39 Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Top dry cs 1 Small NBDEF_V Whorl defects INRA Célia Michotey NDEFV[Adonis] SE_NB[Adonis] Senescence BBCH SEN_BBCH Célia Michotey INRA 84 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) N-Lygn_lent IBET Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying Inês Chaves N-LL[Adonis] ACC[Adonis] ACC Célia Michotey Annual increase INRA cork thickness after boiling ESP_B IBET espessura depois de cozido Inês Chaves ESP_B[Adonis] 61 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. A few fruits in a small section of the crown 1 Célia Michotey INRA a.copaene Alpha copaene content 4 A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 1 Flor 63 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 70 0 Null 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 1 Célia Michotey INRA Number of latent secondary buds nSLBD[Adonis] nSecLBD mbs Multi strands Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 1 4th quarter (below 23°) Accidentally cut 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves 3 No polycyclism 0 Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 35 INRA ESD[Adonis] Detailed health status ESDET Célia Michotey 4 Dry tree Fairly large but few branches per whorl 3 Célia Michotey Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves SAR SAR[Adonis] INRA 5 - 20% Little L_mass INRA/IBET LDM LDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf dry mass Leaf biomass LDW 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 96 IBET preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas Inês Chaves Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 11 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 8 Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 0 Alive 1 Absence: no recruit visible Célia Michotey INRA Deviation from verticality VER[Adonis] VER Hemicellulose wood composition WHC WHC[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 6 Célia Michotey INRA Ramicorn number NBRA NBRA[Adonis] BBCH_61 61_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 10% of flowers sexually mature 2 Medium allelic diversity 4 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot N-DL[Adonis] N-div_lent IBET Lenticels : number of cells dividing Inês Chaves 2 Crown completely yellow 45 At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 80 The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 75% of crack bark 3 Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 3 Fork in upper third of the trre IBET Inês Chaves Polyphenols cork composition Phenols_CC Célia Michotey INRA Ho Ho[Adonis] Observed heterozygosity Missing data na 1 presence 2 Doubtful 2 1 to 2 very strong curves 1 On some branches Very strong meander 3 95 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Dead 2 INRA photo[Adonis] Photo photo Célia Michotey A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 12 1 Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 Water use efficiency WUE IBET Inês Chaves WUE[Adonis] More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1 RQp[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA RQp Rubisco content per gram of proteins 1 Orthotropic 4 Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference Bud burst INRA Célia Michotey BF_B[Adonis] BF_score_B Fork INRA FO[Adonis] FO Célia Michotey 3 Many and/or large branches 4 Totally dry plant Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 37 Dry or broken crown 1 Worst color 0 Nothing 0 entity Boa 3 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals 0 Unscathed tree, without damage Fork in middle third of the tree 2 Average tree 2 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) 2 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed 1 Between 25 and 50% of the area covered 6 8 ? Early 1 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 3 0 No hypertrophied lenticels Feet number INRA NBPIED Célia Michotey NBP[Adonis] 50% of fruits mature Célia Michotey INRA 85_NB[Adonis] BBCH_85 Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 3 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) Absolutely straight stem (none) 5 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 93 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 68 0,5 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 2 Strong meander Inês Chaves Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chl a/b IBET 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 99 ? 0 4 No fork Ill 3 Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 10 No leaves have fallen 0 The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing 5 Inês Chaves SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content IBET Média 5 Célia Michotey INRA NBDP NBDP[Adonis] Double feet number 0 No symptom Crown without damage 0 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point 100 % feuillé, bien vert No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green 5 20 - 40% Low 3 Up to 75% of affected shoots 20% of leaves/needles out 12_NB[Adonis] BBCH_12 Célia Michotey INRA 97 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 0 Alive Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant 4 White bud (hair) 3 2 Angle between 30 and 40° 5 75 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Irregular 1 2 F2 fully stretched no bud structure 6 Fraca damage to the n-1 shoot 1 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 7 7 Refugo 4 6 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height 2 Other 8 3 1 to 2 strong curves High 60 - 80% 3 Late Regular 2 INRA Célia Michotey IRD[Adonis] drd Increase of diameter below the apical bud 2 90° Acute angle less than 45 ° 3 Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain 1 4 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant 4 Less than 10% of the area covered Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles 15 Célia Michotey mer_ls Uredinia size US INRA US[Adonis] 1 Alive and frozen Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h WAP-h[Adonis] IBET 1 Green 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 91 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 1 Angle between 0 and 30° 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 Low heterozygosity 1 3 Leaning tree 1 Low marcescence 80 - 95% Very high 3 Significant damages Low allelic diversity 1 5 Tree gone Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam 2 4 Very vigorous Smooth bark, no cracks 0 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 92 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 2 Acute angle greater than 45 ° Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels 3 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) WoodyPlant ontology 3 On no branches 0 5 Tree unharmed, not attacked 1 to 2 light curves 4 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining 1 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 2 2 Intermediate Thin branches but distributed along the shoot 4 34 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Straight 5 49 At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature More than 1 pollarding 2 3 Angle between 40 et 55° Medium 40 - 60% 1 Healthy ? 4 Angle greater than 55° 4 1 No damage More than 2 very strong curves 1 fts Cracks 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 83 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 3 acronym No marcescent 0 0 Monoecious (both male and female) Moderate damages 2 0 Apical bud red brown Damage scoring scale molecule content leaf Limonene content Limonene Limonene content cork suberin content Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores Total suberin content Total suberin content Branching scoring scale on 3 Phenotypic note SEL Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection plant selection Budset protocol Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale wood Wood density WD density Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood PLAG plant geotropism Plagiotropy Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. perimeter Leaf perimeter leaf LP Leaf perimeter Monopodic growth Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. monopodic plant monopodic Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation Wood axial parenchyma high Wood axial parenchyma high axial parenchyma high WAP-h Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_13 evaluation Obversity protocol None m2.MPa-1.s-1 defects plant DEF Plant defects Assessment of the plant defects TB Number of buds at the terminal cluster bud Buds at the terminal cluster number leaf Photosynthetic rate An photosynthetic rate The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. Number/area Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk cork color Inner plank surface color BC Degree Presence/Absence Leaf staining leaf Leaf staining ST staining quantity Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure EpiBC Epicormic branches quantity epicormic branch Growth unit quantity Assessment of growth units quantity NBUC growth unit quantity Survival scoring scale 2 Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue leaf Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chl a/b chlorophyll content g/m2 Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II ETR protocol Day Carboxylation efficiency The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. An/Ci carboxylation efficiency leaf Measurement None radial parenchyma high Wood radial parenchyma high Wood radial parenchyma high WRP-h Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area Computation per leaf area % Count primary bud quantity Primary bud quantity PriBD Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Numerical unknown Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels color lenticel DHL Lenticels protocol None quality Cobrilha Cobrilha status cork The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene leaf PV venation Percentage venation Percentage venation HT Tree height plant Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown height Needles coloration scoring scale Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol g Pollarding scoring scale Height of the branch HB height Branch height branch Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_61 evaluation Forking scoring scale on 4 Tree circumference CIR stem circumference Circumference of the tree main stem Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Computation per leaf dry mass ECL Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place thinning Thinning plant Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark BarkT thickness bark Bark thickness None Stable isotope analysis Crown scoring scale cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Enedioic content suberin content Suberin Enedioic content wood Intra-ring variance Intra-ring variance varintracerne ring pilodyn Penetration opposition PIL Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration stem cork Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface Inner plank surface relief BR relief None Leaf surface protocol quality Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying Tension wood WT% cork axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t protein content Protein content in leaves TPC Leaf protein content leaf Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). cork Cal thickness Caliber leaf germacrene Germacrene content Germacrene content molecule content Growth stop shoot AC Assessment of the stop of shoots growth growth Pores area Pores Area pore area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank cork cork pore frequency Pores frequency Number of pores in frame area Pores Frequency plant Branching density branch BRA Assessment of the tree branches density Mean wood density Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface LDM leaf Weight of the dry leaf Leaf dry mass biomass Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring xylem Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity regeneration Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree Natural regeneration regeneration soil molecule content S/G wood Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents budset bud Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time Budset date BS_date plant Number of repetitions Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated REP replicate leaf Transpiration rate Transpiration rate transpiration Gs BBCH_18 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. Forking ANFO stem fork Notation of the fork appearance Petiole length length PL Petiole length petiol epidermal cell Adaxial epidermal cells Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) EP leaf Slope angle at the location of the tree slope soil Individual slope slope quantity Alleles quantity NbA Assessment of alleles quantity in the population allele wood fiber lengh Wood fibers lengh WF-l Wood fibers lengh rubisco content Leaf rubisco content RQ leaf Rubisco content in leaves population Prec precipitation Rainfall Rainfall on the site of the population presure Xylem pressure xylem Xylem pressure P50 mm vpm [C02] Degree celsius Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. QUAL quality Cork quality cork hydrogen content Hydrogen content in wood H wood Wood Hydrogen Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_99 evaluation Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent cell with secondary wall deposition Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition cork vEpiBC epicormic branche Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches volume Epicormic branches volume Year Assessment of the ramicorn quantity ramicorn Ramicorn quantity quantity RA Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Number of individuals in the population Number of individuals NbI plant quantity leaf Inst_Carbon_eff carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Number of secateur knocks when shaping plant NBS pruning Secateur knocks number Basal sweep CB Assessment of the basal curve basal curve stem Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Diameter of terminal bud bud diameter Terminal bud diameter TBD Number Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree FLX plant Tree flexuosity flexuosity Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation spread crown_size Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width crown Crown size Half-day leaf Alpha copaene content Alpha copaene content a.copaene molecule content primary epicormic bud Epicormic primary bud quantity PriLBD quantity Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time mg/g photo plant Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found observation Photo Drought damage Assessment of drought damages damages plant SEC Crown dieback DC dieback Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed crown Latency measured against a given rust strain Latent Period plant latency LD Content measured by chemical analysis Chemical content protocol quantity Fork quantity FO fork Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° leaf SACL Saccharose content in leaves saccharose content Leaf saccharose content cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing cork Dividing lenticel cells N-div_lent Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_35 evaluation Unknown Unknown Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves carbon discrimination Delta C13 leaf Delta13C Yes/No Branches angle protocol 1 Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. BBCH_53 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open Lamina length Lamina length length LL lamina Forking index protocol Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Shape scoring scale BBCH_11 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. Rust scoring scale Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Pole protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Radial section protocol Unknown Calendar year Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) diameter Canopy projection crown canopy_projection quantity Sequential branches volume vSeqBC Assessment of the sequential branches volume sequential branch Assessment of canker quantity canker quantity Canker Canker quantity Curves scoring scale on 5 Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Cork Porosity protocol Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Petiols without leaves leaf Assessment of petiols without leaves petiol PETIOL BBCH_72 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Alpha cubebene content leaf Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene molecule content Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring surface ring surface surf wood Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid cork suberin content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Visual count Visual count Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. DEF_V default Whorl defects whorl Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Leaf area protocol Growth BBCH scoring scale Senescence scoring scale BBCH_82 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Mass percentage Colorimetric protocol Colorimetric determination Cover scoring scale Petiole ratio PR petiol Petiole ratio cm3 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 population Heterozygosity Heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population heterozygosity BBCH_84 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) A Assimilation rate leaf Assimilation rate assimilation Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. Spike protocol Stem length stem Stem_L length Stem length Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_74 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_94 evaluation Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol stem water content Stem water content SWC Amount of water in the stem tolerance plant Tol Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants Tolerance Detailed survival scoring scale secondary bud SecBD Secondary bud quantity Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. quantity Senescence BBCH scoring scale X-Ray protocol Observation made by X-Ray ‰ Game damage Assessment of game damages stem GIB damages Intercalary veins quantity quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins NV leaf vein Wood density at 12% moisture content Wood density protocol FLO Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level blossoming flower Blossoming Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration BBCH_45 evaluation NBPIED Feet quantity foot Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree quantity epinasty Epinasty Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward EPI leaf Canker lesion length Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion Canker_LL stem Calendar day Allelic richness allelic richness AR Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population population Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Increase protocol Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring density ring wood B None None Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Soil water availability Fructification scoring scale Broadleaves budflush scoring scale BBCH_07 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Forking score protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale diameter Shoot diameter RD Shoot diameter branch BBCH_36 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) increase Annual increase Annual increase ACC nkat/mg Internal CO2 concentration Ci Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve leaf CO2 leaf Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc enzymatic activity GR Assessment of the growth of the tree Tree growth plant growth quality Woodpecker status Woodpecker The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. cork Numerical unknown - 1 decimal Pilodyn protocol Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions BBCH_78 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. survival Withered leaves leaf WI Assessment of the survival state of leaves BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Alpha humulene content Alpha humulene content leaf molecule content a.humulene BBCH_17 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. Repetitions protocol Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait mm2 Cork plank uniformity protocol drying up plant Assessment of the drying up level of the stem DES Stem drying up None Pore area protocol Branching habit scoring scale Budburst scoring scale None Lobe depth protocol Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season earlywood Earlywood density wood BI SWA soil Soil water availability Amount of water present in the soil water availability Budset scoring scale Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Fruits/Cones mean leaf a.pinene Alpha pinene content Alpha pinene content molecule content Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. NADH protocol cork suberin content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Fork height protocol Lamina shape lamina BS shape Shape of the lamina Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content SEN plant senescence Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death Senescence shoot Shoot dry mass SHDM Shoot dry mass dry mass Maximal value The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Visual assessment Visual assessment Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time CNL protocol WC% quality Compression wood Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage cork cellulose content Cork chemical composition in cellulose wood Cellulose wood composition WCC chlorophyll content Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue leaf Chlorophyll a Chl a Leaf color in autumn Leaf color LC color leaf mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree Tree ring width wood ring width TRW Growth scoring scale µmol CO2 / mmol H2O Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position plant Forking index FO_index forking index LPOUS shoot Shoot length length Total length of the shoot lenticel Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues quantity THL Hypertrophied lenticels quantity Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy Trunk height protocol width lamina Lamina largest width WP Largest width of the lamina Survival survival plant SUR Assessment of the survival state of the tree None Cork age protocol BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Collar diameter protocol Temperature Temp Temperature on the site of the population temperature population Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem TE survival Terminal bud status bud Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors distance neighbor distance Distance individual/neighbor plant Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol Branch diameter scoring scale SLA Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass Specific leaf area specific area leaf gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour stomatal conductance leaf Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf Leaf surface surface leaf Leaf surface LS Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol CHAL_nbF leaf chalara Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number Chalara influence on leaves Suberin chemical content protocol Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Suberin Tyramine content cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine Suberin Tyramine content Marcescence scoring scale on 3 Selection scoring scale Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation stomatal index leaf Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area SI Stomatal index GEL plant damages Frost damage Assessment of frost damages Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II leaf Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII photosystem II PhiPS2 Delta 15N leaf nitrogen discrimination Delta15N Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves Stomatal conductance to CO2 leaf Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf stomatal conductance gC Assessment of the branches angle angle branch ANG Branch angle plant REC sampling Sample(s) collected on the tree Harvest Bark roughness scoring scale molecule content Sabinene content leaf Sabinene content sabinene Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon Ribbon 1m protocol Day number protocol Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Photosystem II operating efficiency Photosystem II operating efficiency AnII_Ef leaf photosystem II mg/cm2 Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Maximal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed Survival state scoring scale The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Minimal meteo value cork N-debark Assessment of debarkings quantity Debarkings quantity debarking None Computation Quenching protocol None Leaf soluble protein content SPC leaf protein content Soluble protein content in leaves Pore roundness protocol None FRUC_REG Regularity of the fructification plant fructification Fructification regularity quantity master branche Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter NBBRM Master branches quantity Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced cork Cork discontinuities enguy discontinuities Branches angle scoring scale on 3b Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_89 evaluation Chlorophyll content in leaves chlorophyll content LCC leaf Leaf chlorophyll content None Epicormic percentage protocol Calliper - largest branch protocol Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters soil Soil depth around the tree soil_depth depth Soil depth Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_70 evaluation Delta cadidene content molecule content Delta cadidene content leaf d.cadidene Sinus width Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf sinus width SW Cork plank color scoring scale leaf TPgC Pigments content in leaves pigment content Leaf pigments content Beta myrcene content b.myrcene molecule content leaf Beta myrcene content Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter C_El slenderness plant Slenderness Nitrogen content in leaves leaf Leaf nitrogen content LNC nitrogen content cm C/N C/N Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. carbon-to-nitrogen ratio leaf µmol electron m-2 s-1 sylleptic shoot Sylleptic shoots quantity Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Syllep quantity 3Carene molecule content leaf 3 carene content 3 carene content Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker lesion length protocol Cork plank uniformity protocol Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity Budflush precocity bud BF_prec Coefficient of the budflush precocity bud break suberin content Suberin Glycerol content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol Suberin Glycerol content cork Lobe depth ratio lobe Lobe depth ratio depth LDR quenching Non-photochemical quenching Non-photochemical quenching leaf NPQ BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness wood vessel WV-CW-t Pores Length Pore lenght pore lenght cork Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank BBCH_34 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Blossoming BBCH scoring scale Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches Sequential branches angle aSeqBC inclination branch nitrogen/carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon LN/LC leaf Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon biomass S/RDM Shoot/Root dry mass shoot/root Shoot to Root dry weight ratio Branching scoring scale on 5 Chemical composition in polyphenols Polyphenols composition polyphenols cork Phenols_CC Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Abundance in crown scoring scale Comments plant Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal observation COM Stone content in the soil around the tree soil stone_content stone content Soil stone content Expert visual assessment for cork belly color Cork plank color protocol µmol.m-2.s-1 Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves SAR Specific activity of rubisco in leaves enzymatic activity leaf fructification FRUC fruit Fructification Assessment of the fructification Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. cork porosity %Pores Cork Porosity Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics epicormic branche epicormic rEpiBC Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Ribbon 130cm protocol leaf LV Leaf quantity quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree Medium value Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values diameter Stem diameter stem D Diameter of the tree main stem plant Branching degree Branching degree branching RAM method_of Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Cumulative value Cork thickness before boiling protocol Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Leaf coloration scoring scale Marcescence plant MAR marcescence Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off Abundance scoring scale Petiol ratio protocol None Needles coloration color needle AIG Assessment of the Larch needles coloration Budflush scoring protocol Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale Percentage venation protocol None Status scoring scale None Computation per gram of nitrogen stomatal density Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration STOM leaf Stomatal density Polycyclism scoring scale Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage quantity Additional feet foot NBPIEDSUP Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Crown size protocol STAT Tree status plant status Assessment of the tree status Budflush scoring scale sur 8 Amount of water in leaves LWC water content leaf Leaf water content hemicellulose content WHC Hemicellulose wood composition wood Hemicellulose wood composition Forking score plant Assessment of forks position on the tree forks position FO_score plant ID Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree identification Identification Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Leaf relative water content protocol Individual elevation elevation plant elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Tangential section protocol VER Measurement of the deviation from the verticality Deviation from verticality deviation verticality plant BRR Straightened branch Assessment of straightened branch straightening branch budset Assessment of the budset level BS_score bud Budset epicormic bud quantity Epicormic bud quantity LBD Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Year of appearance of the reference verticula appearance branch ANVERE Reference whorl BBCH_92 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Precocity scoring scale cork suberin content Suberin Ferulic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid Suberin Ferulic content Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation BBCH_73 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_97 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell dm plant Plant width at the soil level in spring R Plant width at the soil level width Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales BBCH_08 evaluation Index IH Height increment plant Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem height Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Basal sweep protocol mol.m-2.s-1 Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha pé de linha Wood parenchyma protocol None Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy height stem Height trunk HTrunk Gradians Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  Leaf water content protocol Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale Measured by leaves weighing Biomass protocol Terpinolene content molecule content Terpinolene content leaf Terpinolene leaf Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration Wi water use Water use efficiency Seeds quantity Assessment of seeds quantity GRA quantity seed BBCH_16 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. Epicormic secondary bud quantity Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time SecLBD secondary epicormic bud quantity Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_91 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_65 evaluation Branches angle protocol 2 Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Slope protocol Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Thinning scoring scale Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) SLA protocol Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood infradensity Wood infradensity WID wood Uredinia Size scoring scale Chlorophyll ratio protocol Chlorophyll a to b ratio chlorophyll content Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll b Chl b leaf cork Terrentas/Barrentas A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. quality Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas Bud date protocol Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_68 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_93 evaluation BBCH_87 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS enzymatic activity leaf Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Wood vessel protocol None Identifier Regularity scoring scale bark Bark roughness BarkR Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark roughness Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Bark thickness protocol NAAT bud accident Recording of an accident on the terminal bud Terminal bud accident molecule content Gamma cadidene content g.cadidene Gamma cadidene content leaf BBCH_63 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. g/100g mg/L Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_79 evaluation Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Collar protocol azimuth The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree soil azimuth Individual aspect Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. plant competition index NCI Competition index Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level Chalara scoring scale on 3 CAR Leaf carotenoid content leaf Carotenoid content in leaves carotenoide content plant NF Assessment of flushes during the growing season Flush flush Bark thickness mean Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_77 evaluation wood Wood width Wood width width W-w HPR enzymatic activity leaf Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) Regeneration scoring scale Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_98 evaluation plant Dry matter biomass TDM Weight of the plant dry matter molecule content leaf Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene Beta caryophyllene content Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter WV-d diameter wood vessel Ratio quantity primary branching nP Assessment of primary branching quantity Primary branching quantity cm2/g To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Cork thickness after boiling protocol Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale Sex scoring scale SEX plant sex Sex determination Determination of the tree sex Cork ring width protocol None Blossoming scoring scale Mean value Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Leaf counting protocol Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant Chlorophyll protocol Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. Wood width protocol None Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) BBCH_40 evaluation FOR Tree shape shape plant Assessment of the shape of the tree cork Sacharides_CC Chemical composition in polysacharide Polysacharide composition polyphenols Computation per gram of protein None Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_38 evaluation Aspect protocol The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope BBCH_62 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Suberin Alkanols content cork Suberin Alkanols content suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols Defoliation scoring scale on 5 Assessment of the health status related to red band disease plant Health status red strip survival SUR BBCH_01 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell carbon content leaf Carbon content in leaves Leaf carbon content CM Wood radial parenchyma thickness WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness radial parenchyma thickness Defoliation plant DF Assessment of the tree defoliation defoliation linha Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Uredia number protocol parts per million (ppm) Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding Growing lenticel cells N-A&E_lent cork cells alongating/expanding Foliar biomass foliar biomass BioF Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown plant Tolerance protocol Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Competition protocol Uredinia Number Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus UN uredinia number Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_32 evaluation Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis Allelic richness scoring scale suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content cork Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_12 evaluation leaf camphene molecule content Camphene content Camphene content Ring width protocol None C carbon content Carbon content in wood Wood Carbon content wood mmol H2O m-2 s-1 Chalara scoring scale on 5 Marcescence scoring scale on 6 CHAL chalara Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea Chalara plant Sequential branches quantity Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed sequential branch SeqBC sequential branch Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Cork AG growth Annual increment of cork rings thickness Cork annual growth cork Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season BF latewood Latewood density wood None Cork discontinuities protocol Pore lenght protocol None Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Virtual plot protocol Counting made with X-Ray X-Ray counting protocol The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue Formiga status Formiga quality cork Budflush BBCH scoring scale Chrysomela leaf consumed area consumed area Chrysomela Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) leaf Epinasty scoring scale BBCH_67 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. kg/m3 NBVOIS plant Alive neighboring trees Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree neighbors Wood infradensity protocol None The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Leaf mass/area protocol cork Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying cell lygnifying Lygnifying lenticel cells N-Lygn_lent Visual assessment collection Harvest protocol Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Canopy projection protocol Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Comsumed leaf protocol root Weight of the dry root Root dry mass biomass RDM Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood molecule content Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents H/S/G Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus size Uredinia Size US uredinia Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Shoot diameter protocol Measured below the terminal bud None het5 cork Cork ring width ring width Cork ring width CR-w leaf DOC Dissolved oxygen content oxygen content Dissolved oxygen content in leaves The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Slenderness protocol MFL Mean flush length during the growing season leaf Flush length flush length Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_75 evaluation cover soil Vegetation/Rock cover cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree WF-t fiber thickness Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness wood Survival scoring scale Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Neighbor distance protocol Budflush scoring scale on 3 mg/g DW The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values Minimal value BBCH_55 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. plant armillaria Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree Armillaria ARM Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants BBCH_00 evaluation Latent period protocol Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. BF_date Budflush date bud break Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time quantity NL Lobe quantity Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina lobe cm2 suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Suberin Oleic content cork Suberin Oleic content BBCH_39 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Branches angle scoring scale on 5 lamina Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade pubescence HR Lamina pubescence None HFO height fork Insertion height of the fork Height fork Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. BBCH_03 evaluation Minimal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed quantity Double feet quantity double feet DP Assessment of double feet quantity BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Leaf area counting protocol Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² m Lobe width LW width lobe Lobe width Calliper 130cm protocol Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Variance BBCH_76 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Independant cover protocol Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Debarking protocol None Competition scoring scale BBCH_37 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) branch Shoot diameter increase Shoot diameter increase diameter IRD Crown chalara scoring scale Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season POLY polycyclism Polycyclism nature plant µm Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Cork industrial quality protocols None Nail size protocol Average meteo value The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Sympodial growth sympodic sympodic plant Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. Cork plank thickness cork Cork plant thickness ESP thickness BBCH_09 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. electron transport Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf leaf Leaf electron transport rate ETR epicormic Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. Epicormic quantity quantity Epis Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_88 evaluation slope Slope of the vulnerability curve vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve S50 Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_64 evaluation Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 Individuals sampling for a specific study plant Sampling selection ECH Heterozygosity scoring scale Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase enzymatic activity leaf Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO diameter EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter lenticel External hypertrophied lenticels diameter quality preguentas/madeirentas Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density cork preguentas/madeirentas Leaf mass per leaf area mass/area Leaf mass per leaf area LMA leaf BBCH_51 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell COMP plant Competition competition Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth None Wood fiber protocol Drying up scoring scale Defects scoring scale Hour Fruits/Cones protocol Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_71 evaluation Lobe width ratio lobe lamina Lobe width ratio LWR leaf area Total area of the leaf Leaf area LA BBCH_86 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Drought defects scoring scale BBCH_15 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. Frost damages scoring scale NID Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree Nests quantity nest quantity cork age scoring scale Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Shoots shoot Resprout quantity Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing quantity Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Thinning protocol volume Volume Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Vol Cork Eelness Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas eels cork Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. population Fis panmixia Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population Fixation index Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve SDM Stem dry mass stem biomass Weight of the dry stem Fructification BBCH scoring scale None Lobe ratio protocol pore roundness cork Pores Roundness Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. Pores roundness cm-2 scale_of Beta pinene content molecule content leaf b.pinene Beta pinene content Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade rachis quantity Rachis quantity RACH Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Flexuosity protocol RWC Root water content Amount of water in roots root water content cork nail inclusions Nail inclusions Area of the nail inclusions Prego Maximal meteo value The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Ability to vegetative propagation AVP Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_14 evaluation stem lesion Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Canker_G Canker girdling branch diameter DB Branch diameter Assessment of the diameter of the branch Assessment of shoots growth shoot growth DEV Shoot growth BBCH_85 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Branching habit Branching habit branch BRAH Assessment of the bud break level break BF_score Budflush bud Girdling index stem ICIR Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem circumference Circumference increment Geotropism scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Debarking scoring scale mm - no decimal Forking scoring scale on 5 Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) ROU rust plant Rust BBCH_49 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature BBCH_95 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell variable_of Drought damages scoring scale Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_60 evaluation Plant height protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer net_An Net photosynthesis Net photosynthesis Branches angle scoring scale on 4 Capillary electrophoresis Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Stem length protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Eelness scoring score