BBCH_11 INRA 10% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 11_NB[Adonis] IBET Cal Inês Chaves Cal[Adonis] Cork plank thickness Caliber calibre INRA Célia Michotey Latent Period LD[Adonis] LD 4 INRA/IBET Height.F Célia Michotey Height.I HT[Adonis] HT H Tree total height Height.UK TH Hydrogen 2 2H Inês Chaves Wood Hydrogen 2 2H[Adonis] IBET INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_76 60% of fruits reached maximum size 76_NB[Adonis] Slenderness INRA Célia Michotey El C_El[Adonis] HD C_EL INRA Total pigments content per leaf dry mass TpgCm TPgCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey 2 Female At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 09 08_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_08 Leaves comes out of 10% of buds D DBH Tree diameter DBH[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA/IBET DIA tol[Adonis] Tol INRA Célia Michotey Tolerance LL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Lamina length LL Epicormic branches GOURM Célia Michotey GOU GOU[Adonis] INRA Dormant winter buds INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_00 00_NB[Adonis] nFork nFork[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Forks number - x-ray 4 4 Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot cover2 Relative Vegetation/Rock cover Célia Michotey cov2[Adonis] INRA INRA Célia Michotey varintraBF Variance of late wood density values VI_BF[Adonis] het5 het5[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey max5-min5 5 Hanging down (> 90°) FO[Adonis] FO Fork INRA Célia Michotey Number of individuals NbI NbI[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 06_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_06 10% of the bud burst Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene INRA Célia Michotey 50_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Dormant winter flower bud BBCH_50 Sinus width SW[Adonis] SW INRA Célia Michotey INRA BF_score_BL Célia Michotey Broadleaves budflush scoring DEB Budflush.UK Budflush.F Bud burst Bud break Budflush Budflush.I BF_BL[Adonis] Penetration opposition PIL INRA Célia Michotey PIL[Adonis] ESP IBET thickness Inês Chaves ESP[Adonis] Cork thickness before boiling espessura Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SDM INRA/IBET S_mass SDW SDM[Adonis] Stem dry mass Stem biomass Number of primary buds nPriBD nPBD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NF Number of flushes NF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey INRA Budset date in cumulative night length Célia Michotey BS_date_cnl BScnl[Adonis] date_cnl INRA Célia Michotey HRn[Adonis] HRn Pubescence along the veins Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t IBET WAP-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves 2 85 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) IBET SWA Inês Chaves Soil water availability Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant 4 Célia Michotey Canker lesion length Canker.length INRA/IBET canker_length Canker_LL CLL[Adonis] INRA NbA[Adonis] NbA Number of alleles Célia Michotey CHALH CHAH[Adonis] Chalara on the tree upper part CHALHa INRA Célia Michotey Alive 0 3 Dominant tree IBET Lenticels : number of cells dividing Inês Chaves N-DL[Adonis] N-div_lent max5 INRA Célia Michotey Mean strongest density values max5[Adonis] Ability to vegetative propagation INRA Célia Michotey AVP[Adonis] AVP 5 Big Root dry mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Root biomass R_mass RDM[Adonis] INRA/IBET RDM RDW 4 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles MAR_n6 MARn6[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Marcescence - rating on 6 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 67 Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels DHL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DHL INRA Distance individual/neighbor Célia Michotey DIST DIST[Adonis] Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC IBET Inês Chaves 1 ? 9 79_NB[Adonis] BBCH_79 90% of fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Angle[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 3 ANG_n3b N-AEL[Adonis] N-A&E_lent IBET Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding INRA Célia Michotey NLV NLV[Adonis] Total number of leaves INRA Célia Michotey gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour gW[Adonis] Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area LCCa INRA Célia Michotey LCCa[Adonis] Wood inclusions area - Radial section NS-R[Adonis] IBET Nail size area - Radial section Inês Chaves nail Area_R Prego-R LCH INRA Célia Michotey CHALCOL Collar Chalara CHALC[Adonis] NBUC[Adonis] Growth unit number NBUC INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_62 20% of flowers sexually mature INRA Célia Michotey 62_NB[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Nests presence NID[Adonis] NID nLBD Number of latent buds INRA Célia Michotey nLBD[Adonis] Chalara influence on leaves INRA Célia Michotey C_nbF[Adonis] CHAL_nbF Allelic richness AR INRA Célia Michotey AR[Adonis] Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot 1 CARm CARm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass Pore size -Tangential section IBET PoresArea_Ta Pore-Ta Inês Chaves P-Ta[Adonis] aSBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Sequential branches angle aSeqBC IBET Inês Chaves Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Inês Chaves Total suberin content IBET TSuberin_CC Leaf area Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET LA[Adonis] LA LAR No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green 5 100 % feuillé, bien vert INRA Célia Michotey Fructification regularity FRUC_REG FRU_R[Adonis] Inês Chaves QUAL QUAL[Adonis] Cork Quality IBET KS INRA Célia Michotey Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS[Adonis] S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve S50[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 90% of leaves/needles out BBCH_19 19_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_39 Shoots at 90% of their size INRA Célia Michotey 39_NB[Adonis] BBCH_36 INRA Célia Michotey 36_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 60% of their size Bark roughness BarkR BarkR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey L_mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf dry mass LDM[Adonis] LDW INRA/IBET LDM Leaf biomass mer_ls US Uredinia size INRA Célia Michotey US[Adonis] cov1[Adonis] Independant Vegetation/Rock cover INRA Célia Michotey cover1 NBVOIS NBV[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Alive neighboring trees INRA Célia Michotey First leaves/needles out 10_NB[Adonis] BBCH_10 d.cadidene INRA Célia Michotey Delta cadidene content IBET Wood fibers lengh WF-l Inês Chaves WF-l[Adonis] TPgCa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey TPgCa Total pigments content per leaf area On no branches 0 Chrysomela Chrysomela leaf consumed area CLCA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Lamina largest width INRA Célia Michotey WP[Adonis] WP WF-t[Adonis] WF-t IBET Inês Chaves Wood fibers thickness TAI NBS[Adonis] NBS INRA Célia Michotey Secateur knocks number 2 Dead NailInclusionsCoef_Tr IBET PN-Tr[Adonis] Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section Inês Chaves Nail size percentage - Transversal section % nail Area_Tr % Prego-Tr IBET % Pore-Ta % Pore size - Tangential section PP-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves PorosityCoef_Ta FRUC_BBCH Fructification BBCH INRA Célia Michotey FR_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey EPI Epinasty EPI[Adonis] IBET 1H 1H[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood Hydrogen 1 Hydrogen 1 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 75 IBET Inês Chaves Stem_L Stem length pBF Percentage of late wood INRA Célia Michotey pBF[Adonis] DOC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DOC Dissolved oxygen content BF_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Budflush BBCH BF_BBCH Célia Michotey INRA 65_NB[Adonis] BBCH_65 50% of flowers sexually mature Lf Leaf number Lf[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves INRA Mean assimilation rate Amean Amean[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey 37_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 70% of their size BBCH_37 BBCH_96 INRA Célia Michotey 60% of leaves faded or fallen 96_NB[Adonis] Crown size INRA Crown spread crown[Adonis] Célia Michotey crown_size Cork Porosity Inês Chaves PP[Adonis] %Pores IBET NbFourches Forks number NBF INRA Célia Michotey NBFO NF NBFO[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey COMP[Adonis] Competition COMP 50% of leaves/needles out 15_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_15 INRA Célia Michotey aspect expo[Adonis] Individual aspect INRA Célia Michotey 50% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_95 95_NB[Adonis] 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 2 Budset scoring BS_score Budset BS_s[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA sabinene Sabinene content INRA Célia Michotey INRA MWi Mean intrinsic water use efficiency Célia Michotey MWi[Adonis] na Missing data Germacrene content INRA Célia Michotey germacrene 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 2 BRAH[Adonis] BRAH INRA Célia Michotey Branching habit No fork 5 Pica-pau Woodpecker Inês Chaves Woodpecker Woodp[Adonis] IBET IBET Inês Chaves RWC Root water content FLX_n5b Flexuosity - rating on 5b INRA Célia Michotey FLX5b[Adonis] 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 61 Célia Michotey INRA Chalara on the tree lower part CHALinf CHALB CHAB[Adonis] 1 Dying tree FLX_n3 Célia Michotey Flexuosity - rating on 3 INRA FLXn3[Adonis] Inês Chaves Sacharides_CC Polysacharide cork composition IBET BF_score_CO Conifers budflush scoring INRA Célia Michotey BF_CO[Adonis] INRA CHAL_n3 CHALn3[Adonis] Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 Célia Michotey 0 No symptom A few fruits in a small section of the crown 1 IBET Inês Chaves WUE WUE[Adonis] Water use efficiency NBP[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBPIED Feet number Epicormic branches per epicormics rEpiBC rEBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 0 Kept BBCH_18 18_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Bud burst BF_score_B BF_B[Adonis] 10% of flowers sexually mature INRA Célia Michotey 61_NB[Adonis] BBCH_61 Ci130 CIR INRA Célia Michotey Tree circumference Tree girth C130 CIR[Adonis] HBV[Adonis] HBV Height first living branch INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey WI[Adonis] WI Withered leaves 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 74 Fructification INRA Célia Michotey FRUC[Adonis] CON FRUC Célia Michotey 70% of fruits mature INRA BBCH_87 87_NB[Adonis] 3 INRA/IBET LNCm LNCm[Adonis] Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves NBASD Number of years sympodic - straight tree NBASD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 75% of crack bark 3 Média 5 09_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 50% of buds with leaves coming out BBCH_09 LNC NM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen content NM NM.F IBET PoresLength_Ta Pore_L-Ta Inês Chaves PL-Ta[Adonis] Pore Length - Tangential section WoodyPlant ontology 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 INRA Célia Michotey Shoots at 20% of their size 32_NB[Adonis] BBCH_32 Doubtful 2 nEBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey nEpiBC Number of epicormic branches < 5% None 33 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 BS[Adonis] BS INRA Célia Michotey Lamina basal shape BBCH_90 INRA Célia Michotey 90_NB[Adonis] First leaves faded or fallen 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen 3 INRA Célia Michotey depth[Adonis] Soil depth soil_depth INRA Célia Michotey First fruits reached maximum size 70_NB[Adonis] BBCH_70 81_NB[Adonis] 10% of fruits mature BBCH_81 INRA Célia Michotey 1 Fork in lower third of the tree Number of secondary buds nSBD[Adonis] nSecBD INRA Célia Michotey gwmean[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Mean stomatal conductance gwmean Chalara easy to see 2 INRA Célia Michotey 69_NB[Adonis] BBCH_69 90% of flowers sexually mature Health status ESb SURb[Adonis] INRA SURb Célia Michotey Survival Very visible leaves 5 40% of fruits reached maximum size 74_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_74 Medium heterozygosity 2 34_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_34 Célia Michotey Shoots at 40% of their size EHLD[Adonis] EHLD INRA Célia Michotey External hypertrophied lenticels diameter elev[Adonis] Elevation elevation INRA Célia Michotey IBET Inês Chaves Cobrilha Cobri[Adonis] Cobrilha 1 Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak D_S INRA DEF_S[Adonis] Célia Michotey Drought damage defects DEF_SEC SHDM[Adonis] INRA SHDM Célia Michotey Shoot dry mass P-Tr[Adonis] PoresArea_Tr Inês Chaves Pore size - Transversal section IBET Pore-Tr INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_12 12_NB[Adonis] 20% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey %N Leaf nitrogen content %N[Adonis] %N 70% of flowers sexually mature 67_NB[Adonis] BBCH_67 INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey gC Stomatal conductance to CO2 gC[Adonis] Early 1 BBCH_17 70% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey 17_NB[Adonis] INRA DEVFO Become of fork DEVFO[Adonis] Célia Michotey Natural regeneration rege[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey regeneration 2 Height first dead branch HBM[Adonis] Célia Michotey HBM INRA INRA Célia Michotey PV PV[Adonis] Percentage venation INRA Célia Michotey Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene ANVERE INRA Célia Michotey Year reference whorl AVR[Adonis] 1 4th quarter (below 23°) ND[Adonis] ND INRA Célia Michotey Number of day to reach budburst Up to 75% of affected shoots 3 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch 0 enguy enguy[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cork discontinuities IBET INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_63 30% of flowers sexually mature 63_NB[Adonis] 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 2 0 Healthy tree 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 79 REC[Adonis] Harvest INRA Célia Michotey REC CD INRA/IBET DIACOL DCOL Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves DIA_C[Adonis] DIA_col Root collar diameter RCD 99 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content IBET SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Inês Chaves ID Identification INRA ID[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey NBASF NBASF[Adonis] Number of years sympotic - forked tree FL_NB[Adonis] Blossoming BBCH INRA Célia Michotey FLO_BBCH Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET cork S/G Inês Chaves Cankers CANK[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Canker PoresArea_R P-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Pore-R Pore size - Radial section Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass INRA Célia Michotey SPCm SPCm[Adonis] 2 Gs IBET Inês Chaves Transpiration rate INRA Célia Michotey FRUT Fructification abundance 2 FRUT[Adonis] NailInclusionsCoef_R %nail Area_Tr % Prego-R Nail size percentage - Radial section IBET PN-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area INRA Célia Michotey Rust ROU[Adonis] ROU NAAT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NAAT Number of years with terminal bud accident A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 4 ECL[Adonis] Thinning ECL INRA CLOI Célia Michotey Shoots at 80% of their size BBCH_38 38_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Circum.F Circum.I Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Girth at 1m Circum.UK CIR1[Adonis] Tree circumference at 1m CIR1 Inês Chaves WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-t[Adonis] IBET BarkT_mean INRA Célia Michotey Bark thickness mean BT_m[Adonis] Célia Michotey GIB[Adonis] INRA/IBET Game damage GIB 3 A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown 55_NB[Adonis] BBCH_55 Floral buds emerged but closed INRA Célia Michotey 5 vSBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey vSeqBC Sequential branches volume 5 - 20% Little INRA/IBET girdling_index Girdling.index Canker_GI CGI[Adonis] Célia Michotey Canker girdling index Branching degree RAM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey RAM NCI[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Competition index NCI Wood infradensity IBET WID[Adonis] Inês Chaves WID Inês Chaves SuberinFerulicA_CC Suberin Ferulic content IBET SEL Phenotypic note SEL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey mi mi[Adonis] Minimal ring density 50% of fruits mature BBCH_85 85_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 1 Few and/or thin branches S ES MOR Célia Michotey INRA/IBET SUR[Adonis] Survival SUR Health status INRA Célia Michotey 10% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_91 91_NB[Adonis] Syllep.I Sylle[Adonis] Number of sylleptic shoots RAMA Syllep.F Syllep.UK INRA Syllep Célia Michotey NV[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of intercalary veins NV NL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NL Number of lobes 6 80 - 95% Very high BBCH_75 Célia Michotey 75_NB[Adonis] 50% of fruits reached maximum size INRA INRA Célia Michotey LP[Adonis] Leaf perimeter LP No leaves have fallen 0 Tree circumference at the collar CIBAS CIRC_B Célia Michotey CCO CIR_B[Adonis] INRA CIR_B CIR_Base CBAS Nail size percentage - Tangential section Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section % Prego-Ta NailInclusionsCoef_Ta PN-Ta[Adonis] % nail Area_Ta IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey ANFO[Adonis] Forking year ANFO INRA Suberin Glycerol content IBET Inês Chaves SuberinGlycerol_CC 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 5 Absolutely straight stem (none) 34 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) DF_n3[Adonis] DF_n3 Defoliation - rating on 3 INRA Célia Michotey IBET Inês Chaves Leaf electron transport rate ETR 1 to 2 strong curves 3 40 At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) Medium 40 - 60% STAT[Adonis] STAT Status INRA Célia Michotey Mean flush length MFL[Adonis] MFL Célia Michotey INRA ST Leaf Staining INRA Célia Michotey ST[Adonis] 3 Angle between 40 et 55° INRA Célia Michotey 10% of fruits reached maximum size 71_NB[Adonis] BBCH_71 INRA Célia Michotey Ho[Adonis] Observed heterozygosity Ho IBET Inês Chaves Cork ring width CR-w[Adonis] CR-w 4 C:N INRA Célia Michotey Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N C/N[Adonis] 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 98 INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_01 Buds swelling 01_NB[Adonis] IBET PoR[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Roundness Pores Roundness FO_score_n4 Forking score - rating on 4 Célia Michotey FOSn4[Adonis] INRA CONREC NBREC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBREC Harvest number Leaf surface LS LS[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey MAR_n4 Marcescence - rating on 4 INRA Célia Michotey MARn4[Adonis] 3 Many and/or large branches F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 2 Moderate damages Ci IBET Internal CO2 concentration Inês Chaves Inês Chaves IBET Pores Length PoLe[Adonis] Pores Length Delta15N INRA Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination D15N[Adonis] d15N delta N15 4 Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot INRA IRD[Adonis] drd Célia Michotey Increase of diameter below the apical bud 2 F2 fully stretched no bud structure WRP-h Wood radial parenchyma high WRP-h[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Maximum water use efficiency INRA Célia Michotey MaxWi[Adonis] MaxWi 90° 2 surf[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Ring surface surf 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels Dormant winter bud 00 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference 2 Célia Michotey INRA/IBET GELN[Adonis] GELN Frost damage note DGB[Adonis] DGB Célia Michotey Diameter largest branch INRA Forking index FO_index Fork_index FO_i[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Prego-Ta nail Area_Ta IBET Nail size area - Tangential section NS-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area Terrentas/Barrentas IBET Inês Chaves Terrentas/Barrentas Flower buds opening 53_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_53 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SLA[Adonis] INRA/IBET SLAR SLA Specific leaf area Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon LN/LC LN/LC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey PETIOL INRA Célia Michotey Petiols without leaves P_F[Adonis] P_F 1 Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height R[Adonis] R Plant width at the soil level INRA Célia Michotey 10 Best color DESN Stem drying up grading DESN[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA/IBET CARa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey CARa Carotenoid content per leaf area PoresRoundness_R IBET Inês Chaves Pore Roundness - Radial section PR-R[Adonis] Pore_Round-R Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 5 10 Perfect An/Ci Leaf carboxylation efficiency IBET Inês Chaves gwmax[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Maximum stomatal conductance gwmax HRf[Adonis] INRA HRf Pubescence in lamina central part Célia Michotey Leaf carbon content CM CM[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey CM.F INRA Célia Michotey bs Basal sweep CB Co CB[Adonis] Inês Chaves WRP-t[Adonis] WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness IBET INRA Célia Michotey Number of repetitions REP[Adonis] REP Mean minimum temperature Temp_MIN INRA Célia Michotey Very marcescent 3 Canker_nb CNB[Adonis] NBCH INRA NBCHA Canker number Célia Michotey Polyphenols cork composition IBET Phenols_CC Inês Chaves Inês Chaves BC[Adonis] BC cor da barriga IBET color da barriga Inner plank surface color INRA Célia Michotey stone_content stone[Adonis] Soil stone content SuberinTyramine_CC IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Tyramine content BBCH_93 93_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 30% of leaves faded or fallen IBET Photosystem II operating efficiency AnII_Ef Inês Chaves 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 97 ESBR[Adonis] ESBR Health status red strip Célia Michotey INRA 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves Medium ring density mid[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey mid Other 8 37 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) date15.F date15.3.F date15 Célia Michotey date15.I INRA date15.3 Budset date BS_d[Adonis] date15.UK BS_date W-w IBET Wood width Inês Chaves W_w[Adonis] 2 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining INRA Célia Michotey Number of primary branching nP nP[Adonis] b.pinene Beta pinene content INRA Célia Michotey At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales 08 0 Null Inês Chaves eels[Adonis] eels IBET Cork Eelness 3 60° meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) 3 Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency IBET Inês Chaves Inst_Carbon_eff Xylem pressure P50[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey P50 FLO FLO[Adonis] INRA Blossoming Célia Michotey DCE INRA Célia Michotey Pollarding DCE[Adonis] PR-Tr[Adonis] IBET PoresRoundness_Tr Pore_Round-Tr Inês Chaves Pore Roundness - Transverse section ANG_n3 Branch angle - rating on 3 ANGn3[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Average tree 2 g.cadidene INRA Célia Michotey Gamma cadidene content Polycyclism on lateral shoots only 3 nPLBD[Adonis] nPriLBD INRA Number of latent primary buds Célia Michotey Height increment IH HPOU deltaH.F IHeight IH[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey HI deltaH Monoecious (both male and female) 0 NS[Adonis] Prego Nail size IBET Inês Chaves Wood inclusions INRA Célia Michotey Height largest branch HGB HGB[Adonis] 11 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height 2,5 62 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. INRA Célia Michotey NBF_m[Adonis] Fruits/Cones number mean NBF_mean Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h WAP-h[Adonis] IBET RECD[Adonis] Harvest date RECD INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey a.pinene Alpha pinene content INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_73 73_NB[Adonis] 30% of fruits reached maximum size SEC SEC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Drought damage INRA/IBET FS FSE 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 93 Total_mass PDW TDM[Adonis] INRA/IBET Plant dry weight Dry matter Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Plant biomass TDM TE Terminal bud dead TE[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Shoots at 10% of their size BBCH_31 31_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S/RDM INRA/IBET SDM/RDM S/RDM[Adonis] S:R Shoot/Root dry mass DEF D_P Plant defects INRA Célia Michotey DEF[Adonis] 98_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_98 INRA Célia Michotey 99_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_99 INRA 90% of leaves faded or fallen IBET Pores Area PoA[Adonis] Pores Area Inês Chaves 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point Inês Chaves Pore_L-Tr PoresLength_Tr PL-Tr[Adonis] Pore Length - Transversal section IBET Significant damages 3 Flexuosity - rating on 5 INRA Célia Michotey FLXn5[Adonis] FLX_n5 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles 14 Comments Observations INRA Célia Michotey DESC COM[Adonis] COM Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot 1 INRA Célia Michotey CHALH[Adonis] CHALHOU Crown Chalara NPQ Non-photochemical quenching IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey SCm INRA Saccharose content per leaf dry mass SCm[Adonis] SAR INRA Célia Michotey Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves SAR[Adonis] Angle between 0 and 30° 1 INRA Célia Michotey Marcescence coefficient MAR_coef MARc[Adonis] 70% of leaves faded or fallen 97_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_97 SuberinAlkanols_CC Suberin Alkanols content IBET Inês Chaves Total protein content per leaf dry mass TPCm TPCm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey SI[Adonis] SI INRA Célia Michotey Stomatal index 40% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 14_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_14 A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 INRA Célia Michotey 80% of fruits reached maximum size 78_NB[Adonis] BBCH_78 INRA Célia Michotey Double feet number NBDP[Adonis] NBDP Crown dieback DC DCI INRA/IBET Célia Michotey DC[Adonis] IBET % Pore-R % Pore size - Radial section Inês Chaves PP-R[Adonis] PorosityCoef_R Hemicellulose wood composition Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WHC[Adonis] INRA/IBET WHC High allelic diversity 3 GO INRA Célia Michotey GO[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Célia Michotey INRA DP[Adonis] Double feet DP 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen na Missing data SEX[Adonis] SEX INRA Célia Michotey Sex determination discriC13 Célia Michotey d13Cf delta C13 Leaf carbone isotope discrimination D13C[Adonis] delta-13C d13C INRA/IBET Delta13C Delta.F Leaf chlorophyll content INRA Célia Michotey LCC[Adonis] LCC Célia Michotey NBAMF Number of years monopodic - forked tree INRA NBAMF[Adonis] 1 Dry or broken crown 6 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 78 Obversity OB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Lamina shape OB Doubtful -5 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WT% Percentage of tension wood INRA/IBET WTP[Adonis] NBAMD Number of years monopodic - straight tree NBAMD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Inês Chaves LWC Leaf water content IBET Photosynthetic rate An Inês Chaves IBET Ramicorn INRA Célia Michotey RA[Adonis] RA Alpha copaene content a.copaene INRA Célia Michotey canop[Adonis] Canopy projection INRA Célia Michotey canopy_projection 30 Start of shoot growth Budflush scoring - rating on 3 BF_score_n3 INRA Célia Michotey BFSn3[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey nE[Adonis] nEpis Number of epicormics 1 Doubtful Number of sequential branches nSeqBC INRA Célia Michotey nSBC[Adonis] Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve IBET Inês Chaves NSEC[Adonis] SECN Drought damage note INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_64 64_NB[Adonis] 40% of flowers sexually mature INRA Célia Michotey 2 Strong meander SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Shoots at 30% of their size INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_33 33_NB[Adonis] Tree to cut 1 Carbon 13 d13Cc 13C[Adonis] 13C Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Wood carbon 13 INRA/IBET High heterozygosity 3 AR_bis AR2[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Allelic richness Green 1 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes 3 GIBN[Adonis] Game damage note INRA Célia Michotey GIBN 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 81 N-LL[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying N-Lygn_lent INRA Célia Michotey Fis[Adonis] Fixation index Fis IBET Leaf relative water content Inês Chaves LRWC 13_NB[Adonis] INRA 30% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey BBCH_13 Inês Chaves Stem diameter Stem_D IBET INRA Célia Michotey slope Individual slope slope[Adonis] absence 0 INRA Célia Michotey Sampling ECH ECH[Adonis] 2 Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) 17 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles INRA Célia Michotey Shape FOR[Adonis] FOR Crown completely yellow 2 84_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_84 40% of fruits mature INRA Célia Michotey 82_NB[Adonis] BBCH_82 20% of fruits mature 7 40_NB[Adonis] BBCH_40 10% of shoots at growth stop INRA Célia Michotey The majority of the flower buds began to swell 51 3 Chalara very present 2 Codominant tree Tree ring width ARW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Growth ring width RW INRA/IBET I Annual ring width TRW TRW[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey NBBRM Nomber of master branches NBBRM[Adonis] 94 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_94 94_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 40% of leaves faded or fallen Pore Length - Radial section PoresLength_R IBET Pore_L-R Inês Chaves PL-R[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DEBFAGUS BF_score_n8 BFSn8[Adonis] Budflush scoring - rating on 8 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 2 Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 INRA Célia Michotey BRR[Adonis] Straightened branch BRR 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 3 Leaf water content INRA/IBET LWC[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LWC% IBET Inês Chaves preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 1 UN[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Uredinia Number UN 72_NB[Adonis] 20% of fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_72 80_NB[Adonis] First fruits mature INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_80 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 31 INRA Célia Michotey Growth BBCH DEV_BBCH DV_NB[Adonis] Fraca 6 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 2 Damaged tree INRA SPCa Soluble protein content per leaf area SPCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey HPR INRA Célia Michotey Shoots at 50% of their size BBCH_35 35_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey camphene Camphene content 1 Medium INRA 88_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_88 80% of fruits mature INRA Célia Michotey Beta myrcene content b.myrcene Male 1 Fork 6 relevo da barriga Inner plank surface relief Inner plank surface uniformity IBET Inês Chaves BR[Adonis] BR IBET Chlorophyll a Inês Chaves Chl a The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 4 Célia Michotey BioF[Adonis] BioF BiomF Foliar biomass INRA INRA Célia Michotey mpond[Adonis] Mean ring density mpond INRA Célia Michotey 20% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_92 92_NB[Adonis] INRA Number of resprouts Shoots.F Shoots.I Shoot[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots Shoots.UK Enzymatic activity of Glutamine INRA Célia Michotey GS GS[Adonis] Crown completely green 4 INRA Célia Michotey NDEFV[Adonis] Whorl defects NBDEF_V Expected heterozygosity INRA Célia Michotey He2[Adonis] He_bis Flor 1 POLY INRA Célia Michotey Polycyclism nature POLY[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Average rainfall Prec LW Lobe width INRA Célia Michotey LW[Adonis] 0 No polycyclism 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Number of latent secondary buds INRA Célia Michotey nSecLBD nSLBD[Adonis] SuberinOleicA_CC IBET Suberin Oleic content Inês Chaves Chl a/b IBET Inês Chaves Chlorophyll a to b ratio Inês Chaves cork H/S/G IBET Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork ACC[Adonis] Annual increase ACC INRA Célia Michotey Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 3 Survival rate INRA Célia Michotey SUR_Rate SUR_R[Adonis] 6 Between 25 and 50% of the area covered IBET N-deb[Adonis] N-debark Inês Chaves Number of debarkings GBRA DBRA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Branche diameter DBRA Limonene content INRA Célia Michotey Limonene BF_date INRA Célia Michotey Budburst date Budflush date BF_d[Adonis] varintracerne Intra-ring variance VIC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area IBET Prego-Tr Inês Chaves nail Area_Tr Nail size area - Transversal section NS-Tr[Adonis] Little early 2 Cut 1 INRA Célia Michotey LDR Lobe depth ratio LDR[Adonis] BF_prec Budflush precocity BF_p[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 77_NB[Adonis] BBCH_77 INRA Célia Michotey 70% of fruits reached maximum size ANG_n5 ANGn5[Adonis] INRA Branch angle - rating on 5 Célia Michotey Nb_cones NBF[Adonis] NBF NBCON Nb_cone Fruits/Cones number NbCones INRA Célia Michotey 5 Tree gone BBCH_30 30_NB[Adonis] Start of shoot growth INRA Célia Michotey Rubisco content per gram of proteins RQp INRA Célia Michotey RQp[Adonis] Apical bud red brown 0 Leaf mass per leaf area LMA LMA[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Spread leaves, long shoot 8 0 Nothing 5 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree 1 damage to the n-1 shoot 0,5 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 2 Superior INRA Célia Michotey ESD[Adonis] ESDET Detailed health status 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated Fork still present at the given height [fork height] INRA Célia Michotey PEPc[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc 0 Plagiotropic 1 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed 3 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point Less vigorous 2 Height trunk INRA Célia Michotey HTrunk HTr[Adonis] Seeds INRA Célia Michotey Gr GRA GRA[Adonis] BRA_n3 BRAn3[Adonis] Branching - rating on 3 INRA Célia Michotey Cork AG AnnualGrowth Inês Chaves Cork annual growth CAG[Adonis] IBET 1 120° Suberin Enedioic content IBET SuberinEnedioicA_CC Inês Chaves 8 More than 75% of the area covered 2 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 Medium allelic diversity 2 Between 30° and 60° 1 Irregular 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Crown starts yellowing 3 3 Vigorous NBRA[Adonis] NBRA Ramicorn number INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey NBRACH Rachis number NBR[Adonis] Regular 2 INRA Célia Michotey ANGn4[Adonis] ANG_n4 Branch angle - rating on 4 Photosynthetic rate - light curve IBET An_LightCurve_leaf An_LightCurve Inês Chaves 5 The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content SuberinAlkanoicA_CC IBET He INRA He[Adonis] Expected heterozygosity Célia Michotey INRA Nests number Célia Michotey NBNPRO NBN[Adonis] NBN ARM[Adonis] ARMILL ARM Armillaria INRA Célia Michotey SEN[Adonis] Senescence INRA Célia Michotey SEN INRA Célia Michotey varintraBI VI_BI[Adonis] Variance of early wood density values ICIR INRA deltaC deltaC.I Célia Michotey deltaC.F ICIR[Adonis] Circumference increment deltaCIRC INRA 60% of leaves/needles out 16_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_16 2 Up to 50% of affected shoots Fork in middle third of the tree 2 Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area INRA Célia Michotey EP[Adonis] EP Healthy, no sore 1 72 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Alive and frozen 1 vEpiBC vEBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Epicormic branch volume 4 Angle greater than 55° 3 Boa FO_score_n5 FOSn5[Adonis] Forking score - rating on 5 INRA Célia Michotey Totally dry plant 4 Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 36 66 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Formi[Adonis] Formiga Inês Chaves IBET Formiga 1 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 76 BBCH_68 80% of flowers sexually mature 68_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 1 On some branches 3 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WCP[Adonis] Percentage of compression wood INRA/IBET WC% Straight 5 INRA AIG[Adonis] Needles coloration Célia Michotey AIG Low heterozygosity 1 Célia Michotey Canker_LLC CCH Canker cumulative length CLLC[Adonis] INRA Alive and unfrozen 0 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 07 At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. % Pore size - Transversal section PorosityCoef_Tr PP-Tr[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves % Pore-Tr No hypertrophied lenticels 0 0 Straight 66_NB[Adonis] BBCH_66 INRA Célia Michotey 60% of flowers sexually mature 1 Smooth bark, some cracks Number of buds at the terminal cluster TB[Adonis] TB INRA Célia Michotey DT Trunk diameter below largest branch INRA Célia Michotey DT[Adonis] IBET Pores Frequency Inês Chaves PoF[Adonis] Pores Frequency 3 Very strong meander IBET Pore_Round-Ta Pore Roundness - Tangential section PoresRoundness_Ta Inês Chaves PR-Ta[Adonis] 4 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 5 Thin and few branches 70 The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Very late 4 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip 30% of fruits mature 83_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_83 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl INRA Célia Michotey NBCH[Adonis] Collar canker number NBCH Low marcescence 1 Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen INRA Célia Michotey RQn[Adonis] RQn Defoliation - rating on 5 DF_n5[Adonis] DF_n5 INRA Célia Michotey SACL[Adonis] SACL Leaf saccharose content INRA Célia Michotey No damage 1 1 Small photo[Adonis] Photo INRA photo Célia Michotey 83 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) INRA Célia Michotey LWR Lobe width ratio LWR[Adonis] Bark thickness BarkT[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BarkT 1 All buds dormant or just enlarged On all branches 2 Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 35 SE_NB[Adonis] Senescence BBCH SEN_BBCH INRA Célia Michotey Ramicorn ram INRA Célia Michotey Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa RQa[Adonis] INRA Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 CHALn5[Adonis] CHAL_n5 Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Petiole ratio PR PR[Adonis] 5 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles INRA LCCm Célia Michotey Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass LCCm[Adonis] Assimilation rate A[Adonis] INRA A Célia Michotey Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 4 1 Light meander Height fork INRA Célia Michotey HTF HFO HFO[Adonis] ? 6 Net photosynthesis IBET Inês Chaves net_An 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 Inflated bud 2 Plagiotropy INRA Célia Michotey PLAG[Adonis] PLAG INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_07 07_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds burst ESP_B espessura depois de cozido IBET cork thickness after boiling Inês Chaves ESP_B[Adonis] 4 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant 1 Angle close to the right angle NBBR INRA Célia Michotey Branches number NBBRA NBBR[Adonis] Shoot length LB INRA Célia Michotey LPOUS LPOUS[Adonis] LONG Branch length 4 1 to 2 light curves INRA/IBET Frost damage GEL GEL[Adonis] Célia Michotey 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 95 4 Thin branches but distributed along the shoot Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 1 ? 2 8 ? 2 Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam 1 1 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference VER[Adonis] Deviation from verticality VER INRA Célia Michotey PhiPS2 IBET Inês Chaves Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II More than 1 pollarding 2 Total hypertrophied lenticels INRA Célia Michotey THL THL[Adonis] Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 4 Absence: no recruit visible 1 Chl b Inês Chaves Chlorophyll b IBET Vol[Adonis] Volume INRA Célia Michotey Vol 06 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 39 0 Alive INRA Célia Michotey Mean maximum temperature Temp_MAX 7 Crown dieback 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. Célia Michotey min5[Adonis] min5 INRA Mean lowest density values Mean late wood density INRA Célia Michotey mBF mBF[Adonis] INRA Crown dieback status Célia Michotey DCS[Adonis] DCS CRL Rubisco content in leaves RQ[Adonis] RQ INRA Célia Michotey Moderate to strong bends (severe) 2 Crown dieback dc SWC IBET Inês Chaves Stem water content Inês Chaves Carbon 12 12C[Adonis] 12C IBET Wood Carbon 12 0 Crown without damage Game damage 9 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) 2 6 Embossed leaves 4 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected FRUCN FRUCN[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Fructification note N-2WL[Adonis] Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent IBET 1 Dormant winter bud NBPIEDSUP NBPS[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of additional feet Vigor GR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey GR Tree growth 77 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 5 4 Diameter of terminal bud TBD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey TBD 2 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks 03_NB[Adonis] BBCH_03 Buds ready to burst INRA Célia Michotey Angle between 30 and 40° 2 12 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles BBCH_89 89_NB[Adonis] 90% of fruits mature INRA Célia Michotey 3 ? 0 Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 7 INRA Célia Michotey STOM[Adonis] STOM Stomatal density Acute angle less than 45 ° 3 Nothing, no chalara 0 Dead -5 INRA 50% of buds lignified and mature Célia Michotey BBCH_49 49_NB[Adonis] Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 10 3 ? IBET WD Inês Chaves Wood density WD[Adonis] 50% of buds with juvenile coloration INRA BBCH_45 Célia Michotey 45_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves WV-d[Adonis] WV-d Wood vessels diameter IBET INRA Célia Michotey First flowers sexually mature 60_NB[Adonis] BBCH_60 INRA Célia Michotey PL PL[Adonis] Petiole length Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 TPCa[Adonis] TPCa INRA Célia Michotey Total protein content per leaf area Absence 0 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 84 Dead -9 64 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Marcescent 2 1 pollarding 1 3 Fork in upper third of the trre Orthotropic 1 ma[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey ma Maximal ring density 60 - 80% High FRUC_AB INRA Célia Michotey Fructification abundance FRU_A[Adonis] Dominated tree 1 Low allelic diversity 1 0 no damage August shots AC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Growth stop AC 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference 3 4 Less than 10% of the area covered Medium 3 3 Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) 32 Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 91 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals COUL LC[Adonis] LC INRA Célia Michotey Leaf color 55 The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass RQm[Adonis] INRA RQm Célia Michotey More than 2 very strong curves 1 3 Leaning tree 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 Dead 1 01 Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 63 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 10 Worst 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 88 0 Smooth bark, no cracks entity 3 Dead -9 3 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 2 Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1 INRA BBCH_86 Célia Michotey 86_NB[Adonis] 60% of fruits mature Cellulose wood composition WCC[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET WCC > 95% Full cover presence 1 Dormant winter bud 1 2 Acute angle greater than 45 ° BRA_n5 INRA Célia Michotey BRAn5[Adonis] Branching - rating on 5 scales Alpha humulene content INRA Célia Michotey a.humulene 1 Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood Inês Chaves wood S/G 80 The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 1 RD[Adonis] RD INRA Célia Michotey Diameter below terminal bud 8 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered 5 3 Late The majority of the flower buds have begun to open 53 LNCa[Adonis] INRA/IBET Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LNCa The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen 90 5 Tree unharmed, not attacked 5 Number of dry years on the stem DES DES[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible 6 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent 0 Unscathed tree, without damage 4 ? 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 82 Média 4 3 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry mBI mBI[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Mean early wood density Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 Low growth 1 1 Dormant winter bud (late flushing) Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 0 Ill 3 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles 13 68 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 Célia Michotey %C Leaf carbon content %C[Adonis] INRA Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) 5 1 Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall 96 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 92 4 Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 2 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height INRA Célia Michotey Amax Amax[Adonis] Maximum assimilation rate Hm Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Tree total height in m HTm[Adonis] HTm INRA Terpinolene content Célia Michotey Terpinolene 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Dry tree 4 fch Forks No branch 0 7 Refugo No fork 4 BBCH_51 Flower buds swelling INRA Célia Michotey 51_NB[Adonis] 38 Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 0 No fruits Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 7 2 2 1 to 2 very strong curves 1 Below 30° (steep) 0 Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 No marcescent Uncertain 2 Worst color 0 Completely defoliated 0 4 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks Accidentally cut 3 5 Dead tree 1 3 carene content INRA Célia Michotey 3Carene 3 More than 10 non-agglomerated sores Top dry cs 3 Groups: presence of scattered groups 20 - 40% Low 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 7 ? Very vigorous 4 1 No straight stem (severe) 3 Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 fts Cracks 1 Less than 10% of affected shoots attribute 3 Beautiful tree, to keep 2 Intermediate 15 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles 3 Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible White bud (hair) 3 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles 16 5 ? Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 2 Abundant 19 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles Winter dormant flower bud 50 Green white bud, beginning of leaves 4 49 At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) mbs Multi strands 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 65 1 Healthy acronym 2 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Forking score protocol Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Forking index protocol Cork quality Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. cork QUAL quality Weight of the dry stem stem SDM biomass Stem dry mass thickness axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t Visual count Visual count BBCH_64 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Minimal value The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values mm Count BBCH_72 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Branches angle protocol 2 Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale None Pore roundness protocol kg/m3 Defects scoring scale lesion Canker lesion length Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus stem Canker_LL Visual assessment Visual assessment µm Branches angle scoring scale on 3b mm2 Maximal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed survival Assessment of the health status related to red band disease SUR plant Health status red strip Canker lesion length protocol Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. None Wood width protocol Beta myrcene content molecule content leaf b.myrcene Beta myrcene content stem Stem water content Amount of water in the stem water content SWC BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) SeqBC Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed Sequential branches quantity sequential branch sequential branch Photo Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found plant observation photo Budflush precocity BF_prec Coefficient of the budflush precocity bud bud break Lobe depth ratio depth Lobe depth ratio lobe LDR Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_74 evaluation whorl Whorl defects default DEF_V Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. Carotenoid content in leaves CAR carotenoide content leaf Leaf carotenoid content NBPIED Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree quantity Feet quantity foot None Nail size protocol radial parenchyma Wood radial parenchyma high WRP-h Wood radial parenchyma high high leaf saccharose content Saccharose content in leaves Leaf saccharose content SACL HR lamina Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade pubescence Lamina pubescence Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Computation per leaf dry mass Degree Maximal meteo value The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values specific area Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass leaf SLA Specific leaf area Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Day number protocol Assessment of straightened branch BRR straightening Straightened branch branch Cumulative value Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values dm Wood Carbon content carbon content C wood Carbon content in wood Inst_Carbon_eff carboxylation efficiency leaf Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_95 evaluation BBCH_91 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Calendar day Branching scoring scale on 3 Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Year LV quantity leaf Leaf quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree BBCH_94 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid cork Suberin Ferulic content Suberin Ferulic content ECH Individuals sampling for a specific study selection plant Sampling Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation Cork thickness before boiling protocol Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Regeneration scoring scale Percentage venation protocol None CNL protocol Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time Mass percentage Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_36 evaluation quantity Epicormic primary bud quantity primary epicormic bud PriLBD Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase leaf PEPc enzymatic activity m2.MPa-1.s-1 Day armillaria plant ARM Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree Armillaria Formiga quality The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue Formiga status cork suberin content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content sympodic sympodic Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. Sympodial growth plant Bark thickness mean Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time BS_date Budset date bud budset m Measurement None SW Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf sinus Sinus width width stem height Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy Height trunk HTrunk chlorophyll content Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue leaf Chl b Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition cork N-2W_lent Heterozygosity heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population Heterozygosity population µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Virtual plot protocol Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration PIL Penetration opposition stem pilodyn Alpha cubebene content molecule content Alpha cubebene content leaf a.cubebene Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_71 evaluation Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Leaf area Total area of the leaf LA leaf area BS_score Assessment of the budset level budset bud Budset cork Pores Area Pores area pore area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Trunk height protocol Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy None None Regularity of the fructification FRUC_REG plant fructification Fructification regularity Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Pole protocol plant Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter C_El Slenderness slenderness Half-day ANG angle Assessment of the branches angle branch Branch angle Assessment of the bud break level BF_score bud Budflush break Allelic richness scoring scale BBCH_90 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen Unknown C/N leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine suberin content Suberin Tyramine content cork Suberin Tyramine content BBCH_79 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol Survival state scoring scale depth soil_depth soil Soil depth Soil depth around the tree pore frequency cork Pores frequency Number of pores in frame area Pores Frequency Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Needles coloration scoring scale HB Height of the branch Branch height branch height SUR Survival plant Assessment of the survival state of the tree survival Status scoring scale BBCH_92 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring Sample(s) collected on the tree REC Harvest plant sampling Degree celsius Assessment of shoots growth shoot Shoot growth growth DEV Number of repetitions Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated replicate plant REP WI survival Withered leaves Assessment of the survival state of leaves leaf Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season BI Earlywood density wood earlywood Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Syllep Sylleptic shoots quantity sylleptic shoot quantity Budflush BBCH scoring scale Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown foliar biomass Foliar biomass BioF plant molecule content leaf b.caryophyllene Beta caryophyllene content Beta caryophyllene content Minimal meteo value The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Measured below the terminal bud Shoot diameter protocol plant damages Assessment of frost damages Frost damage GEL FO_index Forking index forking index plant Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position thickness cork Caliber Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). Cal Branching scoring scale on 5 wood hydrogen content Wood Hydrogen H Hydrogen content in wood Forking scoring scale on 4 None Lenticels protocol None % shoot Growth stop AC Assessment of the stop of shoots growth growth Assessment of the plant defects DEF plant defects Plant defects Leaf mass per leaf area leaf LMA mass/area Leaf mass per leaf area enzymatic activity GO Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase leaf Mean wood density Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface N-div_lent Dividing lenticel cells cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing cork plant distance Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors neighbor distance Distance individual/neighbor BBCH_45 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration Counting made with X-Ray X-Ray counting protocol Aspect protocol The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. Chlorophyll protocol BBCH_08 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales Basal sweep CB Assessment of the basal curve basal curve stem BBCH_34 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) shape Assessment of the shape of the tree plant Tree shape FOR None Lobe ratio protocol plant Number of individuals in the population NbI Number of individuals quantity Broadleaves budflush scoring scale BBCH_37 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Increase protocol Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_67 evaluation Fructification scoring scale LW Lobe width width lobe Lobe width Fis Fixation index panmixia Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population population cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree Vegetation/Rock cover soil cover growth Tree growth Assessment of the growth of the tree plant GR Total suberin content suberin content Total suberin content cork Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Cork industrial quality protocols BBCH_78 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet leaf Camphene content molecule content camphene Camphene content Lobe width ratio Lobe width ratio lamina LWR lobe Fork quantity quantity FO Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° fork Average meteo value The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Shoot dry mass dry mass Shoot dry mass SHDM shoot Selection scoring scale None Leaf surface protocol Ratio Branches angle scoring scale on 4 allele NbA Assessment of alleles quantity in the population Alleles quantity quantity Chemical content protocol Content measured by chemical analysis Stem length Stem length length stem Stem_L Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_83 evaluation Number/area length petiol Petiole length PL Petiole length number Uredinia Number UN Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus uredinia leaf pigment content TPgC Pigments content in leaves Leaf pigments content Rust scoring scale density Wood density wood WD Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood plant PLAG geotropism Plagiotropy Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. Maximal value The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values NBBRM quantity master branche Master branches quantity Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed Minimal mean value Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Variance stomatal conductance gC Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf Stomatal conductance to CO2 leaf To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Cork thickness after boiling protocol Germacrene content germacrene leaf Germacrene content molecule content Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_85 evaluation µmol.m-2.s-1 Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation BBCH_76 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Budburst scoring scale chlorophyll content Chl a/b Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll a to b ratio leaf Numerical unknown Pilodyn protocol Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions HT Tree height height Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown plant Lobe depth protocol None quantity Epicormic branches quantity epicormic branch EpiBC Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure Leaf water content leaf LWC Amount of water in leaves water content cm Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid cork suberin content Marcescence scoring scale on 3 branch Branching habit Branching habit BRAH MAR Marcescence Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off plant marcescence suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content cork Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure AVP Ability to vegetative propagation chlorophyll content leaf Chlorophyll content in leaves LCC Leaf chlorophyll content BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth Thinning scoring scale None Computation Eelness scoring score CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) survival bud TE Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem Terminal bud status Defoliation DF plant defoliation Assessment of the tree defoliation Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow Competition plant COMP competition eels Cork Eelness cork Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas Abundance scoring scale AIG needle color Needles coloration Assessment of the Larch needles coloration Mean value Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values BBCH_16 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. leaf Delta 15N nitrogen discrimination Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves Delta15N Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve Drying up scoring scale Debarking protocol None staining ST leaf Leaf staining Leaf staining PhiPS2 Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II photosystem II leaf Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_13 evaluation Shape scoring scale None Wood infradensity protocol Stone content in the soil around the tree stone content soil Soil stone content stone_content Cork plank color scoring scale epicormic bud Epicormic bud quantity Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time LBD quantity Number Branches angle scoring scale on 5 lenticel Hypertrophied lenticels quantity THL quantity Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues Crown chalara scoring scale BBCH_98 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell DB Assessment of the diameter of the branch branch diameter Branch diameter Computation per leaf area Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area Slope of the vulnerability curve slope vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve S50 mg/L Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Uredia number protocol Alpha humulene content a.humulene molecule content Alpha humulene content leaf Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Radial section protocol wood Latewood density latewood BF Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season water use leaf Wi Water use efficiency Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration BBCH_03 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_77 evaluation Intra-ring variance wood varintracerne Intra-ring variance ring drying up Stem drying up plant Assessment of the drying up level of the stem DES RDM biomass root Weight of the dry root Root dry mass Curves scoring scale on 5 Leaf electron transport rate leaf ETR electron transport Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_75 evaluation Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea chalara Chalara CHAL plant Senescence BBCH scoring scale Forking score FO_score plant Assessment of forks position on the tree forks position precipitation Prec population Rainfall on the site of the population Rainfall Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Canker_G Canker girdling stem lesion plant flexuosity FLX Tree flexuosity Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree volume vEpiBC Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches epicormic branche Epicormic branches volume method_of parts per million (ppm) Bark roughness BarkR bark Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark roughness Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 H/S/G Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents wood molecule content Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents BBCH_09 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. thickness cork ESP Cork plank thickness Cork plant thickness Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_39 evaluation Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Fruits/Cones protocol shoot/root Shoot to Root dry weight ratio Shoot/Root dry mass S/RDM biomass Survival scoring scale Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_35 evaluation g/100g None Computation per gram of protein leaf chlorophyll content Chlorophyll a Chl a Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. An Photosynthetic rate leaf photosynthetic rate Soluble protein content in leaves Leaf soluble protein content leaf protein content SPC Cork Porosity cork Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. %Pores porosity quenching Non-photochemical quenching Non-photochemical quenching leaf NPQ Bark thickness protocol Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Suberin Alkanols content cork Suberin Alkanols content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols suberin content Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) EP Adaxial epidermal cells epidermal cell leaf Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) SLA protocol slope Slope angle at the location of the tree soil slope Individual slope Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves leaf carbon discrimination Delta13C Delta C13 Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) crown Canopy projection diameter canopy_projection Colorimetric determination Colorimetric protocol Notation of the fork appearance stem Forking fork ANFO Drought damages scoring scale Individual elevation elevation elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level plant suberin content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid Suberin Ectadecanedioid content cork None Cork age protocol stomatal index leaf Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area SI Stomatal index Branch diameter scoring scale Cork discontinuities protocol None Debarkings quantity debarking Assessment of debarkings quantity cork N-debark leaf carbon content Carbon content in leaves Leaf carbon content CM Stable isotope analysis None Monopodic growth plant monopodic monopodic Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. Wood fibers lengh WF-l Wood fibers lengh wood fiber lengh Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration STOM stomatal density leaf Stomatal density Geotropism scoring scale N-A&E_lent Growing lenticel cells cork cells alongating/expanding Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding leaf Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon nitrogen/carbon LN/LC Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon shoot Total length of the shoot Shoot length LPOUS length BBCH_87 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Budflush scoring scale on 3 Index mg/cm2 Calliper - largest branch protocol Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters NADH protocol Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. fruit Fructification fructification Assessment of the fructification FRUC Chlorophyll ratio protocol Chlorophyll a to b ratio Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation NBUC Growth unit quantity quantity growth unit Assessment of growth units quantity suberin content cork Suberin Enedioic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Enedioic content Leaf relative water content protocol Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. stem damages GIB Game damage Assessment of game damages Dry matter TDM plant Weight of the plant dry matter biomass Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_62 evaluation diameter Diameter of terminal bud bud TBD Terminal bud diameter RWC Amount of water in roots root water content Root water content Cover scoring scale NV quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins Intercalary veins quantity leaf vein Assessment of flushes during the growing season flush NF plant Flush Cork plank uniformity protocol Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity leaf Dissolved oxygen content Dissolved oxygen content in leaves oxygen content DOC crown_size crown Crown size spread Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width wood Cellulose wood composition Cork chemical composition in cellulose WCC cellulose content Tol plant Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants Tolerance tolerance Fruits/Cones mean Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones quality cork Tension wood Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying WT% cork Suberin Oleic content suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Suberin Oleic content Sabinene content leaf molecule content sabinene Sabinene content Forking scoring scale on 5 Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood wood infradensity Wood infradensity WID BBCH_15 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol foot Additional feet Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage quantity NBPIEDSUP BF_date break Budflush date bud Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time Percentage venation PV venation Percentage venation leaf Wood fiber protocol None Heterozygosity scoring scale Terminal bud accident accident bud NAAT Recording of an accident on the terminal bud surface LS Leaf surface leaf Leaf surface Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. Terrentas/Barrentas cork quality Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_07 evaluation DC Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed Crown dieback dieback crown Lygnifying lenticel cells N-Lygn_lent cork Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying cell lygnifying leaf Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf stomatal conductance gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour Crown scoring scale Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Soil water availability Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 Comsumed leaf protocol Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). RACH Rachis quantity quantity Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade rachis diameter branch Shoot diameter increase IRD Shoot diameter increase Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer Plant height protocol Flush length leaf Mean flush length during the growing season MFL flush length mg/g polyphenols cork Phenols_CC Chemical composition in polyphenols Polyphenols composition leaf chalara Chalara influence on leaves Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number CHAL_nbF primary branching quantity Assessment of primary branching quantity nP Primary branching quantity BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Capillary electrophoresis Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree regeneration soil Natural regeneration regeneration molecule content a.pinene leaf Alpha pinene content Alpha pinene content g/m2 Temperature population Temp Temperature on the site of the population temperature Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation Budflush scoring protocol Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale Measured by leaves weighing Biomass protocol Epinasty leaf epinasty Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward EPI Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Pore frequency protocol SecBD Secondary bud quantity secondary bud quantity Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. TRW Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree Tree ring width wood ring width BBCH_68 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics epicormic epicormic branche Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics rEpiBC branch Shoot diameter diameter Shoot diameter RD Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Independant cover protocol Chrysomela leaf consumed area consumed area leaf Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) Chrysomela Stem diameter Diameter of the tree main stem diameter D stem Petiole ratio petiol Petiole ratio PR photosystem II AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency leaf Photosystem II operating efficiency Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Identifier Budflush scoring scale sur 8 Budset protocol Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale BBCH_31 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood S/G molecule content Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_61 evaluation Presence/Absence Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_82 evaluation Wood parenchyma protocol None BBCH_18 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. Tolerance protocol Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation None Cork ring width protocol mol.m-2.s-1 Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell BBCH_01 evaluation Polysacharide composition polyphenols Sacharides_CC Chemical composition in polysacharide cork Lobe quantity quantity lobe Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina NL protein content TPC Protein content in leaves leaf Leaf protein content cork preguentas/madeirentas quality Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density preguentas/madeirentas Amount of water present in the soil Soil water availability water availability soil SWA 3 carene content leaf 3Carene 3 carene content molecule content BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area counting protocol Neighbor distance protocol Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor pruning Number of secateur knocks when shaping plant NBS Secateur knocks number None Pore area protocol Wood radial parenchyma thickness thickness WRP-t radial parenchyma Wood radial parenchyma thickness SecLBD Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time secondary epicormic bud Epicormic secondary bud quantity quantity Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. BBCH_55 evaluation cm2/g BBCH_86 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_93 evaluation cork Nail inclusions nail inclusions Area of the nail inclusions Prego An/Ci carboxylation efficiency leaf The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. Carboxylation efficiency Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal COM Comments observation plant size US Uredinia Size uredinia Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus Alive neighboring trees NBVOIS neighbors Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree plant Chalara scoring scale on 5 Quenching protocol None Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Individual aspect The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree azimuth soil azimuth cork Cobrilha status The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene Cobrilha quality Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Suberin chemical content protocol Pollarding scoring scale BBCH_32 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Marcescence scoring scale on 6 Resprout quantity Shoots Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing quantity shoot deviation verticality plant VER Deviation from verticality Measurement of the deviation from the verticality Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_99 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_81 evaluation Leaf nitrogen content Nitrogen content in leaves nitrogen content leaf LNC Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels lenticel color DHL Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark Bark thickness bark BarkT thickness Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Water content protocol cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness wood vessel BBCH_88 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank pore lenght Pore lenght Pores Length cork cork Compression wood WC% quality Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Slope protocol Collar diameter protocol Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. None Wood vessel protocol CO2 Ci Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve Internal CO2 concentration leaf cm3 Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. Spike protocol Polycyclism nature plant polycyclism POLY Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season molecule content leaf Delta cadidene content Delta cadidene content d.cadidene Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_89 evaluation increase Annual increase ACC Annual increase Assessment of canker quantity Canker quantity Canker quantity canker g Competition protocol The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. cork age scoring scale Assessment of double feet quantity DP Double feet quantity quantity double feet Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Leaf area protocol Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Chalara scoring scale on 3 Petiol ratio protocol None molecule content Gamma cadidene content Gamma cadidene content g.cadidene leaf quantity Primary bud quantity Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. PriBD primary bud nkat/mg LD plant Latency measured against a given rust strain Latent Period latency Cork annual growth Cork AG Annual increment of cork rings thickness cork growth Calliper 130cm protocol Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). W-w wood Wood width width Wood width Lamina largest width lamina width WP Largest width of the lamina Gs Transpiration rate Transpiration rate transpiration leaf BR Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface relief cork Inner plank surface relief Drought defects scoring scale Volume volume Vol Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. pore roundness Pores roundness cork Pores Roundness Branching habit scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation Circumference of the tree main stem Tree circumference circumference stem CIR Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves enzymatic activity Specific activity of rubisco in leaves leaf SAR cm-2 leaf Limonene Limonene content molecule content Limonene content Frost damages scoring scale Alpha copaene content molecule content leaf a.copaene Alpha copaene content Debarking scoring scale sex Determination of the tree sex SEX plant Sex determination PhiPS2 protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. inclination Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches Sequential branches angle aSeqBC branch NCI plant Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level competition index Competition index Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Calendar year Cork plank uniformity protocol Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase leaf enzymatic activity HPR Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Crown size protocol Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Girdling index linha leaf Assessment of petiols without leaves Petiols without leaves petiol PETIOL Pore lenght protocol None Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation Polycyclism scoring scale ETR protocol Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 None het5 Defoliation scoring scale on 5 None Computation per gram of nitrogen A Assimilation rate leaf assimilation Assimilation rate Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol Circumference increment circumference ICIR stem Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem Detailed survival scoring scale Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants BBCH_00 evaluation ECL Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place plant thinning Thinning Calliper protocol Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters LDM Weight of the dry leaf Leaf dry mass leaf biomass Cork discontinuities enguy discontinuities Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced cork Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH WAP-h Wood axial parenchyma high high axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma high Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring density B wood ring net_An Net photosynthesis Net photosynthesis Sex scoring scale Expert visual assessment for cork belly color Cork plank color protocol vpm [C02] Growth scoring scale mmol H2O m-2 s-1 Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  Leaf water content protocol color BC Inner plank surface color Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk cork Year of appearance of the reference verticula Reference whorl ANVERE branch appearance BBCH_84 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Terpinolene content Terpinolene leaf molecule content Terpinolene content None Epicormic percentage protocol Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Repetitions protocol plant height Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem Height increment IH Hemicellulose wood composition wood Hemicellulose wood composition WHC hemicellulose content Bark roughness scoring scale lamina Lamina shape Shape of the lamina BS shape Assessment of drought damages SEC Drought damage damages plant RQ Leaf rubisco content rubisco content Rubisco content in leaves leaf ‰ Unknown Unknown Precocity scoring scale Observation made by X-Ray X-Ray protocol status plant Tree status Assessment of the tree status STAT Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) BBCH_40 evaluation Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid suberin content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content diameter Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter WV-d wood vessel Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). BBCH_12 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. cm2 pé de linha Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha Budset scoring scale Growth BBCH scoring scale None Ring width protocol Gradians Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Relative cover protocol Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Cork ring width ring width cork Cork ring width CR-w Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf CO2 light response curve GS leaf Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Enzymatic activity of Glutamine enzymatic activity Canopy projection protocol Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 Thinning protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol LP Leaf perimeter leaf Leaf perimeter perimeter Blossoming scoring scale Flexuosity protocol Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Number of buds at the terminal cluster number bud Buds at the terminal cluster TB Obversity protocol None fiber thickness WF-t wood Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale P50 Xylem pressure Xylem pressure xylem presure Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell BBCH_51 evaluation senescence plant SEN Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death Senescence Lamina length length LL Lamina length lamina BBCH_65 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. leaf molecule content b.pinene Beta pinene content Beta pinene content BBCH_11 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. Damage scoring scale plant width R Plant width at the soil level in spring Plant width at the soil level Ribbon 130cm protocol Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon HFO fork Height fork height Insertion height of the fork BBCH_53 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open blossoming flower Blossoming FLO Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) Rust plant rust ROU BBCH_70 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree NID nest Nests quantity quantity Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Medium value Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Collar protocol Cork Porosity protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. µmol CO2 / mmol H2O Stem length protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Suberin Glycerol content suberin content Suberin Glycerol content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol variable_of Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_63 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature BBCH_49 evaluation Regularity scoring scale Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree ID Identification identification plant The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Epinasty protocol cork Woodpecker The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. quality Woodpecker status Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_60 evaluation BBCH_17 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. quantity sequential branch Assessment of the sequential branches volume vSeqBC Sequential branches volume leaf Leaf color Leaf color in autumn LC color Epicormic quantity Epis Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. epicormic quantity branching plant Branching degree Branching degree RAM EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter lenticel diameter External hypertrophied lenticels diameter plant branch Branching density Assessment of the tree branches density BRA Fructification BBCH scoring scale Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection AR Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population allelic richness population Allelic richness xylem KS hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity Leaf coloration scoring scale Bud date protocol Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Leaf mass/area protocol Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants Uredinia Size scoring scale Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon Wood density protocol Wood density at 12% moisture content Basal sweep protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Fork height protocol Epinasty scoring scale Assessment of seeds quantity Seeds quantity GRA seed quantity Abundance in crown scoring scale Competition scoring scale RA Ramicorn quantity quantity Assessment of the ramicorn quantity ramicorn Hour SEL Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection Phenotypic note plant selection scale_of The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Slenderness protocol Leaf counting protocol Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant surf wood Ring surface Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant ring surface Yes/No Survival scoring scale 2 BBCH_38 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Blossoming BBCH scoring scale µmol electron m-2 s-1 Numerical unknown - 1 decimal Senescence scoring scale mm - no decimal mg/g DW