Pore size -Tangential section PoresArea_Ta P-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pore-Ta IBET discriC13 D13C[Adonis] INRA/IBET d13C delta C13 delta-13C Delta13C d13Cf Delta.F Leaf carbone isotope discrimination Célia Michotey NBBRA INRA NBBR Célia Michotey Branches number NBBR[Adonis] Célia Michotey BarkT_mean BT_m[Adonis] Bark thickness mean INRA vSeqBC Célia Michotey Sequential branches volume INRA vSBC[Adonis] 1 to 2 light curves 4 Total suberin content TSuberin_CC Inês Chaves IBET Célia Michotey Detailed health status INRA ESD[Adonis] ESDET INRA Amax[Adonis] Maximum assimilation rate Amax Célia Michotey INRA Canker cumulative length CLLC[Adonis] Canker_LLC Célia Michotey CCH 1 Flor INRA/IBET ARW Growth ring width TRW I Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Annual ring width Tree ring width RW TRW[Adonis] fch Forks NBDP[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBDP Double feet number INRA Natural regeneration rege[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA regeneration Célia Michotey 50% of buds with leaves coming out BBCH_09 INRA 09_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Competition COMP COMP[Adonis] Dormant winter flower bud 50_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_50 Obversity OB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Lamina shape INRA OB Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 BF_d[Adonis] BF_date Budburst date Célia Michotey Budflush date INRA nSBC[Adonis] Number of sequential branches INRA nSeqBC Célia Michotey 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 96 INRA REP[Adonis] Number of repetitions Célia Michotey REP 40% of fruits mature BBCH_84 INRA 84_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 0 Plagiotropic 3 60° F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 Prec Célia Michotey Average rainfall INRA 2 Average tree Number of primary buds Célia Michotey INRA nPBD[Adonis] nPriBD Inês Chaves % Prego-R PN-R[Adonis] Nail size percentage - Radial section Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area IBET %nail Area_Tr NailInclusionsCoef_R 3 0 Kept ND Number of day to reach budburst Célia Michotey ND[Adonis] INRA MFL[Adonis] MFL Célia Michotey INRA Mean flush length 86_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 60% of fruits mature INRA BBCH_86 Fis Célia Michotey Fixation index INRA Fis[Adonis] Trunk diameter below largest branch Célia Michotey DT[Adonis] DT INRA Pores Length Inês Chaves IBET Pores Length PoLe[Adonis] IBET Polysacharide cork composition Sacharides_CC Inês Chaves Independant Vegetation/Rock cover Célia Michotey cover1 cov1[Adonis] INRA STAT[Adonis] Status Célia Michotey INRA STAT TPCa[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Total protein content per leaf area TPCa Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height 1 BBCH_49 49_NB[Adonis] INRA 50% of buds lignified and mature Célia Michotey 1 Low growth Célia Michotey Allelic richness AR INRA AR[Adonis] Competition index INRA NCI[Adonis] NCI Célia Michotey 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 Célia Michotey BRA_n3 BRAn3[Adonis] Branching - rating on 3 INRA Stomatal index Célia Michotey SI[Adonis] SI INRA INRA FL_NB[Adonis] FLO_BBCH Blossoming BBCH Célia Michotey 99_NB[Adonis] BBCH_99 Célia Michotey INRA 90% of leaves faded or fallen Prego-R Wood inclusions area - Radial section IBET Inês Chaves NS-R[Adonis] Nail size area - Radial section nail Area_R Limonene INRA Limonene content Célia Michotey Inês Chaves Woodpecker IBET Pica-pau Woodp[Adonis] Woodpecker Shoots.UK Célia Michotey Shoots.F Shoots.I Shoot[Adonis] INRA Number of resprouts Shoots INRA 75_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 50% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_75 Célia Michotey 40% of fruits reached maximum size INRA 74_NB[Adonis] BBCH_74 Inês Chaves WV-d IBET WV-d[Adonis] Wood vessels diameter F2 fully stretched no bud structure 2 Fraca 6 IBET Pores Roundness Inês Chaves PoR[Adonis] Pores Roundness 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 2 Sylle[Adonis] INRA Syllep.I Number of sylleptic shoots Syllep.UK RAMA Célia Michotey Syllep.F Syllep DBRA GBRA Célia Michotey Branche diameter DBRA[Adonis] INRA BRR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Straightened branch BRR INRA 1 NailInclusionsCoef_Ta % Prego-Ta Nail size percentage - Tangential section Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section % nail Area_Ta PN-Ta[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey Shoots at 50% of their size INRA BBCH_35 35_NB[Adonis] SuberinAlkanols_CC IBET Suberin Alkanols content Inês Chaves IBET Leaf carboxylation efficiency An/Ci Inês Chaves 2 Regular INRA Gamma cadidene content Célia Michotey g.cadidene IBET An Photosynthetic rate Inês Chaves BarkT INRA BarkT[Adonis] Bark thickness Célia Michotey 0 Null IBET Pore Roundness - Tangential section PoresRoundness_Ta PR-Ta[Adonis] Pore_Round-Ta Inês Chaves 13C Carbon 13 Wood carbon 13 d13Cc INRA/IBET 13C[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves BBCH_40 40_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 10% of shoots at growth stop LC[Adonis] LC Célia Michotey Leaf color COUL INRA Total number of leaves NLV[Adonis] NLV Célia Michotey INRA 96_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 60% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_96 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch INRA Relative Vegetation/Rock cover cover2 cov2[Adonis] Célia Michotey espessura depois de cozido ESP_B[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET ESP_B cork thickness after boiling 20% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey 62_NB[Adonis] BBCH_62 INRA Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 INRA Célia Michotey CHALn3[Adonis] CHAL_n3 CM.F Célia Michotey INRA CM[Adonis] CM Leaf carbon content Leaf dry mass Leaf biomass L_mass LDW LDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LDM INRA/IBET Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 4 DCE Pollarding DCE[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 1 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining Thin branches but distributed along the shoot 4 37 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) INRA Shoots at 70% of their size 37_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_37 BBCH_13 INRA 30% of leaves/needles out 13_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey b.caryophyllene Célia Michotey INRA Beta caryophyllene content Intermediate 2 CHAH[Adonis] INRA CHALH Célia Michotey CHALHa Chalara on the tree upper part INRA ANG_n4 ANGn4[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 4 Célia Michotey NBAMD Célia Michotey Number of years monopodic - straight tree NBAMD[Adonis] INRA INRA BF_prec Célia Michotey BF_p[Adonis] Budflush precocity LCCa[Adonis] Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area Célia Michotey LCCa INRA Leaf water content LWC Inês Chaves IBET 0 On no branches Célia Michotey INRA CHALH[Adonis] Crown Chalara CHALHOU D_S Drought damage defects Célia Michotey DEF_S[Adonis] DEF_SEC INRA INRA CANK[Adonis] Canker Célia Michotey Cankers 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch 50% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 15_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_15 Survival rate INRA SUR_R[Adonis] Célia Michotey SUR_Rate At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 Transpiration rate Gs Inês Chaves IBET 17_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_17 70% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey 87_NB[Adonis] 70% of fruits mature BBCH_87 Doubtful 1 INRA Shoots at 40% of their size BBCH_34 Célia Michotey 34_NB[Adonis] CLL[Adonis] Canker.length Canker_LL canker_length INRA/IBET Canker lesion length Célia Michotey Variance of late wood density values varintraBF INRA VI_BF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of years sympotic - forked tree NBASF INRA NBASF[Adonis] Célia Michotey TPgCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey TPgCa INRA Total pigments content per leaf area INRA Célia Michotey 30% of leaves faded or fallen 93_NB[Adonis] BBCH_93 Mean stomatal conductance Célia Michotey gwmean gwmean[Adonis] INRA ACC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Annual increase ACC Inês Chaves IBET net_An Net photosynthesis PL[Adonis] Petiole length Célia Michotey PL INRA 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS[Adonis] GS INRA PN-Tr[Adonis] Nail size percentage - Transversal section % nail Area_Tr NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section IBET % Prego-Tr Inês Chaves IBET Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inst_Carbon_eff SuberinOleicA_CC Inês Chaves IBET Suberin Oleic content 39 Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Célia Michotey INRA Drought damage note NSEC[Adonis] SECN SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Inês Chaves IBET Epinasty Célia Michotey EPI[Adonis] EPI INRA Suberin Glycerol content SuberinGlycerol_CC Inês Chaves IBET BBCH_65 Célia Michotey 65_NB[Adonis] 50% of flowers sexually mature INRA SuberinTyramine_CC Suberin Tyramine content Inês Chaves IBET 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height 2,5 Célia Michotey Flexuosity - rating on 5 FLX_n5 INRA FLXn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey Rubisco content per gram of proteins RQp[Adonis] INRA RQp 80_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA First fruits mature BBCH_80 3 Beautiful tree, to keep Fork 6 3 Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible Célia Michotey vEBC[Adonis] INRA vEpiBC Epicormic branch volume Nothing, no chalara 0 CHALinf CHAB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree lower part INRA CHALB Célia Michotey IHeight IH HI Height increment deltaH.F INRA deltaH HPOU IH[Adonis] NID[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey NID Nests presence aSeqBC Célia Michotey aSBC[Adonis] Sequential branches angle INRA Groups: presence of scattered groups 3 RD RD[Adonis] Diameter below terminal bud Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_60 60_NB[Adonis] First flowers sexually mature A Célia Michotey A[Adonis] INRA Assimilation rate nFork Forks number - x-ray Célia Michotey nFork[Adonis] INRA A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown 3 1 Smooth bark, some cracks INRA Distance individual/neighbor DIST[Adonis] Célia Michotey DIST 3 1 to 2 strong curves P_F[Adonis] Petiols without leaves INRA Célia Michotey P_F PETIOL INRA Tree growth Célia Michotey GR[Adonis] Vigor GR INRA germacrene Germacrene content Célia Michotey DIA Tree diameter DBH[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey D DBH CIR[Adonis] INRA Tree girth C130 Ci130 Célia Michotey Tree circumference CIR 06_NB[Adonis] 10% of the bud burst INRA BBCH_06 Célia Michotey 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 81 RQ CRL RQ[Adonis] Célia Michotey Rubisco content in leaves INRA Inês Chaves Pores Area Pores Area IBET PoA[Adonis] FO_index FO_i[Adonis] INRA Fork_index Forking index Célia Michotey SEC INRA/IBET FSE Célia Michotey SEC[Adonis] Drought damage FS INRA Secateur knocks number NBS Célia Michotey NBS[Adonis] TAI Célia Michotey Maximum water use efficiency INRA MaxWi MaxWi[Adonis] TE[Adonis] Célia Michotey Terminal bud dead TE INRA 60% of fruits reached maximum size INRA BBCH_76 76_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey LNC INRA NM Leaf nitrogen content NM[Adonis] NM.F Célia Michotey Stem length Stem_L Inês Chaves IBET 12C[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Wood Carbon 12 Carbon 12 12C BBCH_64 INRA 64_NB[Adonis] 40% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey Number of latent secondary buds INRA nSecLBD nSLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey espessura thickness Inês Chaves IBET ESP ESP[Adonis] Cork thickness before boiling TDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Total_mass TDM Plant dry weight INRA/IBET Plant biomass PDW Dry matter Cork discontinuities IBET enguy[Adonis] enguy Inês Chaves Polyphenols cork composition Inês Chaves IBET Phenols_CC 0 Nothing Dormant winter bud 1 4 10% of flowers sexually mature INRA BBCH_61 61_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey IBET N-2WL[Adonis] N-2W_lent Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition Inês Chaves Célia Michotey INRA Mean intrinsic water use efficiency MWi[Adonis] MWi 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 75 Multi strands mbs Ramicorn ram Leaf surface LS[Adonis] LS Célia Michotey INRA 1 More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point Célia Michotey INRA LDR[Adonis] Lobe depth ratio LDR 53 The majority of the flower buds have begun to open Crown completely green 4 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 66 Célia Michotey FRUC_AB INRA Fructification abundance FRU_A[Adonis] 4 Very late DGB DGB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Diameter largest branch Chrysomela leaf consumed area INRA CLCA[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chrysomela Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area Nail size area - Tangential section nail Area_Ta NS-Ta[Adonis] Prego-Ta Inês Chaves IBET INRA sabinene Sabinene content Célia Michotey Célia Michotey LN/LC LN/LC[Adonis] Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon INRA Inês Chaves WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness IBET WRP-t[Adonis] PoresRoundness_R Pore_Round-R PR-R[Adonis] Pore Roundness - Radial section Inês Chaves IBET photo[Adonis] Célia Michotey Photo photo INRA LW LW[Adonis] INRA Lobe width Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Increase of diameter below the apical bud IRD[Adonis] INRA drd Célia Michotey Feet number NBP[Adonis] INRA NBPIED Leaf area LA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LAR LA[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey DF_n5[Adonis] DF_n5 Defoliation - rating on 5 INRA date15.F date15.UK date15.3.F date15.3 BS_d[Adonis] date15.I Célia Michotey INRA BS_date date15 Budset date 0 Healthy tree NBF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Nb_cones INRA NBF Fruits/Cones number Nb_cone NBCON NbCones IBET SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Shoot length Célia Michotey Branch length LONG LPOUS[Adonis] INRA LB LPOUS Célia Michotey LCCm[Adonis] INRA LCCm Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass 60 - 80% High Alpha cubebene content Célia Michotey a.cubebene INRA BBCH_77 Célia Michotey 77_NB[Adonis] INRA 70% of fruits reached maximum size Armillaria INRA ARM[Adonis] ARMILL ARM Célia Michotey QUAL Inês Chaves Cork Quality IBET QUAL[Adonis] 20% of fruits mature INRA BBCH_82 Célia Michotey 82_NB[Adonis] Buds ready to burst Célia Michotey 03_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_03 INRA WP Lamina largest width Célia Michotey WP[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA tol[Adonis] Tolerance Tol Célia Michotey 80% of leaves/needles out INRA BBCH_18 18_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey ma ma[Adonis] Maximal ring density INRA Stomatal conductance to CO2 Célia Michotey gC gC[Adonis] INRA 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet CBAS CIR_Base INRA CIR_B[Adonis] Tree circumference at the collar CIRC_B CIR_B CCO Célia Michotey CIBAS 3 Late 20 - 40% Low Number of lobes Célia Michotey NL NL[Adonis] INRA Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. 55 Célia Michotey 88_NB[Adonis] 80% of fruits mature INRA BBCH_88 60% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey 66_NB[Adonis] BBCH_66 INRA DV_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey DEV_BBCH INRA Growth BBCH INRA Célia Michotey ESBR[Adonis] Health status red strip ESBR Pubescence in lamina central part INRA HRf[Adonis] HRf Célia Michotey Hm Tree total height in m INRA/IBET Célia Michotey HTm HTm[Adonis] He_bis Célia Michotey He2[Adonis] Expected heterozygosity INRA Bark roughness INRA Célia Michotey BarkR BarkR[Adonis] 19 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles mpond Mean ring density Célia Michotey mpond[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen INRA RQn RQn[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Pore Roundness - Transverse section PR-Tr[Adonis] PoresRoundness_Tr Pore_Round-Tr Pubescence along the veins HRn Célia Michotey HRn[Adonis] INRA BBCH_71 INRA 10% of fruits reached maximum size 71_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Inês Chaves IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood wood S/G Camphene content camphene Célia Michotey INRA 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Percentage of late wood pBF Célia Michotey pBF[Adonis] INRA b.myrcene Célia Michotey INRA Beta myrcene content canopy_projection INRA Canopy projection Célia Michotey canop[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SLA[Adonis] SLAR Specific leaf area SLA INRA/IBET Wood density WD Inês Chaves WD[Adonis] IBET 1 Irregular HTrunk Height trunk INRA HTr[Adonis] Célia Michotey P-R[Adonis] Pore-R Pore size - Radial section Inês Chaves PoresArea_R IBET Célia Michotey 10% of leaves/needles out INRA 11_NB[Adonis] BBCH_11 INRA Mean assimilation rate Célia Michotey Amean Amean[Adonis] TB Célia Michotey TB[Adonis] Number of buds at the terminal cluster INRA Significant damages 3 Ho[Adonis] Ho Célia Michotey INRA Observed heterozygosity WCP[Adonis] INRA/IBET Percentage of compression wood WC% Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves fts Cracks Suberin Enedioic content SuberinEnedioicA_CC Inês Chaves IBET Inês Chaves IBET Formi[Adonis] Formiga Formiga INRA Allelic richness AR2[Adonis] AR_bis Célia Michotey 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 83 Inês Chaves IBET ETR Leaf electron transport rate 1 Dry or broken crown Célia Michotey BioF BioF[Adonis] INRA BiomF Foliar biomass INRA STOM Stomatal density Célia Michotey STOM[Adonis] Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes 3 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible Célia Michotey Budflush scoring - rating on 3 BF_score_n3 INRA BFSn3[Adonis] INRA Number of years with terminal bud accident Célia Michotey NAAT[Adonis] NAAT Célia Michotey 90% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_79 INRA 79_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey mi mi[Adonis] INRA Minimal ring density Root dry mass Root biomass INRA/IBET RDM[Adonis] RDM R_mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves RDW Célia Michotey ANG_n3 INRA ANGn3[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 3 INRA 85_NB[Adonis] BBCH_85 50% of fruits mature Célia Michotey Inês Chaves IBET Suberin Ectadecanedioid content SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC cor da barriga Inês Chaves BC[Adonis] Inner plank surface color IBET BC color da barriga max5 max5[Adonis] Célia Michotey Mean strongest density values INRA EHLD EHLD[Adonis] External hypertrophied lenticels diameter Célia Michotey INRA IBET SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC Inês Chaves Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content INRA Célia Michotey Mean late wood density mBF[Adonis] mBF Less vigorous 2 BBCH_97 70% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 97_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_39 39_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 90% of their size Célia Michotey Fructification abundance 2 FRUT[Adonis] FRUT INRA NBPS[Adonis] Number of additional feet INRA NBPIEDSUP Célia Michotey INRA Flexuosity - rating on 3 FLXn3[Adonis] FLX_n3 Célia Michotey 2 Between 30° and 60° 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip Leaf nitrogen content Célia Michotey %N %N[Adonis] INRA %N 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 MARn4[Adonis] Célia Michotey Marcescence - rating on 4 MAR_n4 INRA INRA BBCH_55 Célia Michotey 55_NB[Adonis] Floral buds emerged but closed CHAL_n5 CHALn5[Adonis] Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 INRA Célia Michotey 2 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) Lobe width ratio LWR[Adonis] Célia Michotey LWR INRA 2 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls Inês Chaves IBET % Pore size - Transversal section PP-Tr[Adonis] PorosityCoef_Tr % Pore-Tr INRA Shoots at 80% of their size Célia Michotey 38_NB[Adonis] BBCH_38 Smooth bark, no cracks 0 BR[Adonis] BR Inner plank surface uniformity relevo da barriga Inês Chaves Inner plank surface relief IBET Canker_GI Canker girdling index Célia Michotey CGI[Adonis] girdling_index INRA/IBET Girdling.index Cal Cal[Adonis] Inês Chaves Caliber IBET calibre Cork plank thickness nEBC[Adonis] nEpiBC Célia Michotey INRA Number of epicormic branches 30% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 83_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_83 Célia Michotey Canker number NBCH Canker_nb INRA NBCHA CNB[Adonis] INRA Budflush.UK DEB Bud burst Broadleaves budflush scoring BF_BL[Adonis] Budflush.F BF_score_BL Bud break Budflush Célia Michotey Budflush.I damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 2 Circum.F CIR1 CIR1[Adonis] Girth at 1m INRA/IBET Circum.UK Circum.I Tree circumference at 1m Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells dividing N-DL[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET N-div_lent BBCH_91 91_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 10% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 2 20% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_92 INRA 92_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BF_score_CO Conifers budflush scoring Célia Michotey INRA BF_CO[Adonis] 5 3Carene Célia Michotey 3 carene content INRA Inês Chaves Lf[Adonis] IBET Leaf number Lf 1 A few fruits in a small section of the crown IBET Stem_D Stem diameter Inês Chaves SDM[Adonis] Stem biomass SDW INRA/IBET Stem dry mass S_mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SDM Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 3 Alpha copaene content Célia Michotey INRA a.copaene SHDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoot dry mass SHDM INRA Apical bud red brown 0 absence 0 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 1 Célia Michotey BF_NB[Adonis] INRA Budflush BBCH BF_BBCH INRA DCS[Adonis] Célia Michotey DCS Crown dieback status Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent 6 ANFO[Adonis] Forking year ANFO Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey AVR[Adonis] Year reference whorl INRA ANVERE RCD DCOL INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Root collar diameter DIA_C[Adonis] DIA_col CD DIACOL FLO[Adonis] Blossoming Célia Michotey FLO INRA Tree unharmed, not attacked 5 Célia Michotey elevation INRA Elevation elev[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 5 Célia Michotey INRA ANGn5[Adonis] ANG_n5 4th quarter (below 23°) 1 2 Célia Michotey 32_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 20% of their size BBCH_32 INRA AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency Inês Chaves IBET BBCH_16 Célia Michotey 60% of leaves/needles out 16_NB[Adonis] INRA INRA Lamina length LL[Adonis] Célia Michotey LL 20% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 12_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_12 GIBN Célia Michotey INRA Game damage note GIBN[Adonis] SCm SCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey Saccharose content per leaf dry mass INRA INRA HGB[Adonis] Height largest branch Célia Michotey HGB 4 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks Orthotropic 1 1 Healthy Maximum stomatal conductance gwmax[Adonis] gwmax Célia Michotey INRA 1 Angle between 0 and 30° Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 7 1 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed Célia Michotey Rust INRA ROU[Adonis] ROU Little early 2 SW[Adonis] INRA Sinus width SW Célia Michotey Célia Michotey BBCH_68 68_NB[Adonis] 80% of flowers sexually mature INRA a.humulene Célia Michotey Alpha humulene content INRA WT% Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WTP[Adonis] Percentage of tension wood INRA/IBET Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles 15 INRA SAR[Adonis] SAR Célia Michotey Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves bs Co INRA Basal sweep CB Célia Michotey CB[Adonis] Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area Célia Michotey EP INRA EP[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Chl b Chlorophyll b 10 Worst Célia Michotey INRA ID[Adonis] Identification ID INRA rEpiBC Célia Michotey rEBC[Adonis] Epicormic branches per epicormics INRA REC Célia Michotey REC[Adonis] Harvest 0 Absence At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 09 16 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles 2 Angle between 30 and 40° 2 INRA AIG AIG[Adonis] Célia Michotey Needles coloration slope INRA slope[Adonis] Individual slope Célia Michotey NBRA NBRA[Adonis] Célia Michotey Ramicorn number INRA INRA NDEFV[Adonis] Célia Michotey Whorl defects NBDEF_V 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 2 Height.F HT Height.UK Height.I Célia Michotey TH HT[Adonis] H INRA/IBET Tree total height 1 No damage Célia Michotey INRA/IBET DESN Stem drying up grading DESN[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaves comes out of 10% of buds 08_NB[Adonis] BBCH_08 INRA GOU INRA GOU[Adonis] GOURM Epicormic branches Célia Michotey INRA Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass SPCm SPCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey 70% of flowers sexually mature 67_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_67 INRA 50% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey 95_NB[Adonis] BBCH_95 IBET Inês Chaves Ci Internal CO2 concentration 0 Straight Célia Michotey INRA Petiole ratio PR[Adonis] PR Célia Michotey 90% of fruits mature INRA 89_NB[Adonis] BBCH_89 INRA delta N15 Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination D15N[Adonis] Delta15N Célia Michotey d15N IBET Inês Chaves % Pore size - Tangential section % Pore-Ta PP-Ta[Adonis] PorosityCoef_Ta na Missing data 9 BBCH_73 30% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey 73_NB[Adonis] INRA Game damage GIB[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey GIB FRUCN Célia Michotey Fructification note INRA FRUCN[Adonis] 2 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height Célia Michotey Angle[Adonis] INRA Branch angle - rating on 3 ANG_n3b 70_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_70 Célia Michotey First fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey BBCH_00 INRA Dormant winter buds 00_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey nP[Adonis] nP INRA Number of primary branching 1 More than 2 very strong curves SEN INRA SEN[Adonis] Senescence Célia Michotey Célia Michotey soil_depth INRA Soil depth depth[Adonis] WAP-h WAP-h[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma high IBET SEX[Adonis] Sex determination SEX Célia Michotey INRA NF NBF NBFO NbFourches Célia Michotey Forks number INRA NBFO[Adonis] Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA RQa Célia Michotey INRA Ring surface surf surf[Adonis] He[Adonis] He Expected heterozygosity Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey HBM[Adonis] Height first dead branch INRA HBM Totally dry plant 4 POLY[Adonis] Polycyclism nature POLY Célia Michotey INRA 100 % feuillé, bien vert 5 No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green BBCH_10 INRA 10_NB[Adonis] First leaves/needles out Célia Michotey Number of years monopodic - forked tree NBAMF Célia Michotey NBAMF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_30 30_NB[Adonis] INRA Start of shoot growth N-AEL[Adonis] Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding N-A&E_lent IBET Inês Chaves INRA/IBET LNCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm entity Célia Michotey Senescence BBCH SE_NB[Adonis] SEN_BBCH INRA Inês Chaves An_LightCurve_leaf IBET Photosynthetic rate - light curve An_LightCurve INRA NBNPRO NBN Célia Michotey Nests number NBN[Adonis] Célia Michotey 50% of buds with juvenile coloration BBCH_45 INRA 45_NB[Adonis] TpgCm Total pigments content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey TPgCm[Adonis] INRA 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) Growth unit number NBUC[Adonis] INRA NBUC Célia Michotey AC[Adonis] AC August shots Célia Michotey Growth stop INRA 51_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_51 Flower buds swelling INRA Célia Michotey CARm[Adonis] Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass INRA CARm Rachis number NBRACH NBR[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 1 Less than 10% of affected shoots 4 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 Accidentally cut BS_s[Adonis] Célia Michotey Budset INRA BS_score Budset scoring 1 All buds dormant or just enlarged Buds swelling INRA Célia Michotey 01_NB[Adonis] BBCH_01 13 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles 3 Ill Célia Michotey 98_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves faded or fallen INRA BBCH_98 Célia Michotey Individual aspect INRA aspect expo[Adonis] Célia Michotey %C Leaf carbon content INRA %C[Adonis] RA[Adonis] INRA RA Célia Michotey Ramicorn 2 Doubtful 1 Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain INRA DOC DOC[Adonis] Dissolved oxygen content Célia Michotey 90% of leaves/needles out 19_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_19 Célia Michotey INRA nLBD[Adonis] Number of latent buds Célia Michotey nLBD Low marcescence 1 1 Angle close to the right angle Beta pinene content Célia Michotey b.pinene INRA gW[Adonis] gW Célia Michotey INRA Stomatal conductance to water vapour TBD INRA Diameter of terminal bud TBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey S50 Célia Michotey INRA Slope of the vulnerability curve S50[Adonis] 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 85 Célia Michotey INRA mBI[Adonis] mBI Mean early wood density cork H/S/G Inês Chaves IBET Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Célia Michotey NbA[Adonis] Number of alleles NbA INRA PV Célia Michotey Percentage venation INRA PV[Adonis] 0 Monoecious (both male and female) Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area nail Area_Tr NS-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves Prego-Tr IBET Nail size area - Transversal section Dominant tree 3 Other 8 Célia Michotey Mean lowest density values INRA min5[Adonis] min5 PL-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Pore_L-R PoresLength_R Pore Length - Radial section BBCH_31 Célia Michotey Shoots at 10% of their size 31_NB[Adonis] INRA Mean maximum temperature Célia Michotey INRA Temp_MAX 72 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Completely defoliated 0 1 Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot nPLBD[Adonis] nPriLBD INRA Number of latent primary buds Célia Michotey 3 Crown starts yellowing 8 2 ? 30 Start of shoot growth INRA nSecBD Number of secondary buds nSBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey 5 Big Célia Michotey Number of individuals NbI NbI[Adonis] INRA 5 P50 INRA P50[Adonis] Célia Michotey Xylem pressure 81_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_81 10% of fruits mature Célia Michotey LCH INRA CHALCOL Célia Michotey Collar Chalara CHALC[Adonis] NBASD[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of years sympodic - straight tree INRA NBASD Inês Chaves preguentas/madeirentas IBET preguentas/madeirentas Inês Chaves WV-t[Adonis] IBET Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-CW-t 120° 1 67 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 Célia Michotey INRA ECH[Adonis] Sampling ECH 0 Unscathed tree, without damage 0 Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 1 1 pollarding F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 0,5 HFO[Adonis] INRA HFO Célia Michotey Height fork HTF CHAL_nbF Célia Michotey C_nbF[Adonis] INRA Chalara influence on leaves Célia Michotey PLAG[Adonis] PLAG Plagiotropy INRA INRA BRAH Célia Michotey BRAH[Adonis] Branching habit Fructification CON Célia Michotey FRUC FRUC[Adonis] INRA INRA GO Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Célia Michotey GO[Adonis] no damage 0 Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area INRA/IBET LNCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LNCa DESC COM[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Observations COM Comments SUR[Adonis] SUR ES Health status INRA/IBET S Célia Michotey MOR Survival INRA BFSn8[Adonis] Budflush scoring - rating on 8 DEBFAGUS Célia Michotey BF_score_n8 2 Medium heterozygosity Between 10 and 25% of the area covered 5 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 62 Inês Chaves Pore_L-Ta PL-Ta[Adonis] Pore Length - Tangential section IBET PoresLength_Ta Plant defects Célia Michotey DEF D_P DEF[Adonis] INRA IBET Stem water content Inês Chaves SWC 3 2 Medium allelic diversity Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) 3 Marcescence - rating on 6 MARn6[Adonis] MAR_n6 INRA Célia Michotey INRA nE[Adonis] nEpis Célia Michotey Number of epicormics On some branches 1 AnnualGrowth Inês Chaves Cork AG IBET CAG[Adonis] Cork annual growth WAP-t WAP-t[Adonis] Wood axial parenchyma thickness Inês Chaves IBET 95 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell CONREC NBREC Harvest number INRA NBREC[Adonis] Célia Michotey FLX5b[Adonis] INRA FLX_n5b Flexuosity - rating on 5b Célia Michotey Fork still present at the given height [fork height] 1 Dominated tree NV[Adonis] Number of intercalary veins Célia Michotey INRA NV 2 Crown completely yellow stone_content stone[Adonis] Soil stone content Célia Michotey INRA IBET Chl a/b Inês Chaves Chlorophyll a to b ratio WRP-h[Adonis] Wood radial parenchyma high Inês Chaves IBET WRP-h Célia Michotey LMA LMA[Adonis] Leaf mass per leaf area INRA FRU_R[Adonis] Célia Michotey Fructification regularity INRA FRUC_REG INRA het5 het5[Adonis] Célia Michotey max5-min5 2 Fork in middle third of the tree 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks 2 CLOI Célia Michotey Thinning ECL ECL[Adonis] INRA WI WI[Adonis] Célia Michotey Withered leaves INRA DC[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey DC DCI Crown dieback Inês Chaves 2H[Adonis] 2H IBET Wood Hydrogen 2 Hydrogen 2 BScnl[Adonis] date_cnl INRA Célia Michotey Budset date in cumulative night length BS_date_cnl LD[Adonis] LD Célia Michotey Latent Period INRA 7 Crown dieback Hydrogen 1 1H[Adonis] Wood Hydrogen 1 Inês Chaves IBET 1H 40 - 60% Medium 1 Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales 08 eels Inês Chaves Cork Eelness IBET eels[Adonis] HD Célia Michotey El C_EL INRA Slenderness C_El[Adonis] S/RDM INRA/IBET Shoot/Root dry mass S/RDM[Adonis] SDM/RDM Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S:R Male 1 IBET SuberinFerulicA_CC Suberin Ferulic content Inês Chaves Inês Chaves IBET PhiPS2 Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc INRA PEPc[Adonis] 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 6 Embossed leaves DES DES[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of dry years on the stem INRA Few and/or thin branches 1 A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 Célia Michotey RECD Harvest date INRA RECD[Adonis] WID[Adonis] Inês Chaves WID IBET Wood infradensity Bud burst INRA BF_score_B Célia Michotey BF_B[Adonis] 5 Straight Célia Michotey INRA 90_NB[Adonis] BBCH_90 First leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey INRA Ability to vegetative propagation AVP[Adonis] AVP SEL Phenotypic note Célia Michotey SEL[Adonis] INRA Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected 4 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 64 N-debark Inês Chaves IBET N-deb[Adonis] Number of debarkings Inês Chaves IBET SWA Soil water availability Inês Chaves Pore_L-Tr IBET PL-Tr[Adonis] Pore Length - Transversal section PoresLength_Tr GEL Frost damage Célia Michotey GEL[Adonis] INRA/IBET Cork Porosity IBET PP[Adonis] %Pores Inês Chaves INRA Terpinolene Terpinolene content Célia Michotey Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 1 Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) PIL PIL[Adonis] Célia Michotey Penetration opposition INRA ? 1 3 33_NB[Adonis] INRA Shoots at 30% of their size Célia Michotey BBCH_33 Chl a Chlorophyll a Inês Chaves IBET crown[Adonis] INRA Crown spread Célia Michotey crown_size Crown size Between 25 and 50% of the area covered 6 IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork cork S/G Inês Chaves 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Carotenoid content per leaf area INRA CARa CARa[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA SPCa[Adonis] SPCa Célia Michotey Soluble protein content per leaf area Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 Medium 1 Water use efficiency WUE[Adonis] Inês Chaves WUE IBET 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 78 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Inês Chaves IBET Pore size - Transversal section P-Tr[Adonis] PoresArea_Tr Pore-Tr deltaCIRC deltaC INRA Circumference increment deltaC.F ICIR[Adonis] ICIR Célia Michotey deltaC.I Leaf perimeter INRA LP Célia Michotey LP[Adonis] FRUC_BBCH Célia Michotey Fructification BBCH INRA FR_NB[Adonis] FO INRA Fork FO[Adonis] Célia Michotey Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot 4 11 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 2 Up to 50% of affected shoots Inês Chaves RWC IBET Root water content 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 98 Marcescent 2 Alive 0 Defoliation - rating on 3 DF_n3 Célia Michotey INRA DF_n3[Adonis] 30% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey BBCH_63 INRA 63_NB[Adonis] 5 - 20% Little 5 Absolutely straight stem (none) Célia Michotey Height first living branch INRA HBV[Adonis] HBV Cellulose wood composition Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WCC[Adonis] WCC INRA/IBET No symptom 0 Wood fibers thickness WF-t WF-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET 14 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles Many and/or large branches 3 Flower buds opening BBCH_53 Célia Michotey 53_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey HPR INRA Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR[Adonis] 2 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference Inês Chaves Wood width IBET W-w W_w[Adonis] DHL[Adonis] Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Célia Michotey DHL INRA BS[Adonis] BS INRA Lamina basal shape Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Medium ring density mid mid[Adonis] INRA 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 97 Damaged tree 2 Célia Michotey INRA varintraBI Variance of early wood density values VI_BI[Adonis] ST[Adonis] Leaf Staining INRA Célia Michotey ST FOR Shape FOR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 1 Early DP[Adonis] DP Célia Michotey Double feet INRA 07 At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Light meander 1 ? 0 presence 1 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WHC[Adonis] WHC Hemicellulose wood composition INRA/IBET 3 Fork in upper third of the trre 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 4 R Célia Michotey INRA Plant width at the soil level R[Adonis] 2 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 Inês Chaves Wood inclusions Prego NS[Adonis] Nail size IBET THL[Adonis] Célia Michotey Total hypertrophied lenticels INRA THL Wood fibers lengh WF-l[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET WF-l BBCH_69 69_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 90% of flowers sexually mature INRA Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 INRA Volume Vol Vol[Adonis] Célia Michotey -9 Dead No fork 5 Inês Chaves N-LL[Adonis] IBET N-Lygn_lent Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying 1 Healthy, no sore 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen C/N Célia Michotey INRA C:N Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N[Adonis] Chalara very present 3 Spread leaves, long shoot 8 Leaning tree 3 Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 1 -5 Doubtful Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference 1 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 Become of fork DEVFO[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DEVFO 2 More than 1 pollarding 90° 2 Missing data na 6 5 ? INRA MAR_coef Marcescence coefficient Célia Michotey MARc[Adonis] INRA LCC Célia Michotey LCC[Adonis] Leaf chlorophyll content 38 Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Inês Chaves IBET Leaf_An_curve Célia Michotey BBCH_72 20% of fruits reached maximum size 72_NB[Adonis] INRA NBF_m[Adonis] Fruits/Cones number mean Célia Michotey NBF_mean INRA UN UN[Adonis] Uredinia Number Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey RAM INRA RAM[Adonis] Branching degree GELN Frost damage note GELN[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey 1 Cut 7 9 Game damage INRA NBBRM NBBRM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Nomber of master branches 92 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 93 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell White bud (hair) 3 % Pore size - Radial section PorosityCoef_R % Pore-R PP-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 65 1 to 2 very strong curves 2 Inês Chaves PoF[Adonis] Pores Frequency IBET Pores Frequency 1 Tree to cut cs Top dry 3 Angle between 40 et 55° INRA Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass RQm RQm[Adonis] Célia Michotey Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content SuberinAlkanoicA_CC Inês Chaves IBET 2 Superior 7 Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 3 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry > 95% Full cover INRA Célia Michotey varintracerne Intra-ring variance VIC[Adonis] Crown without damage 0 The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen 90 1 Small Leaf CO2 light response curve Inês Chaves IBET Leaf_CO2_curve Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 4 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining More than 2 rolled-up young leaves 3 IBET CR-w[Adonis] CR-w Inês Chaves Cork ring width INRA Forking score - rating on 5 FO_score_n5 Célia Michotey FOSn5[Adonis] No branch 0 FO_score_n4 Forking score - rating on 4 INRA Célia Michotey FOSn4[Adonis] 34 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BRAn5[Adonis] INRA BRA_n5 Célia Michotey Branching - rating on 5 scales 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 0 No hypertrophied lenticels 4 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 33 Célia Michotey Number of flushes INRA NF[Adonis] NF Polycyclism on lateral shoots only 3 4 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant Perfect 10 75% of crack bark 3 3 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) Survival ESb Célia Michotey INRA SURb[Adonis] Health status SURb 94_NB[Adonis] BBCH_94 40% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey INRA SACL[Adonis] Célia Michotey SACL Leaf saccharose content INRA 1 Absence: no recruit visible 7 ? 3 Up to 75% of affected shoots 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated 3 High allelic diversity Célia Michotey NBV[Adonis] NBVOIS Alive neighboring trees INRA 74 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet NPQ IBET Non-photochemical quenching Inês Chaves 0 Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 50 Winter dormant flower bud INRA Shoots at 60% of their size 36_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_36 Boa 3 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 4 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant BBCH_14 40% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 14_NB[Adonis] INRA 0 Worst color Célia Michotey 80% of fruits reached maximum size 78_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_78 Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 35 3 Very strong meander 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl 1 Alive and frozen 4 Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 Less than 10% of the area covered BBCH_07 50% of buds burst Célia Michotey 07_NB[Adonis] INRA Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 0 No marcescent 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 2 Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam Terrentas/Barrentas Inês Chaves IBET Terrentas/Barrentas 3 Medium 51 The majority of the flower buds began to swell Célia Michotey Uredinia size INRA US US[Adonis] mer_ls 5 Very visible leaves 4 Angle greater than 55° 2 Uncertain 2 3 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) 5 The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing LRWC Inês Chaves IBET Leaf relative water content 76 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 80 - 95% Very high No leaves have fallen 0 Cobri[Adonis] Cobrilha Inês Chaves IBET Cobrilha acronym Seeds Célia Michotey GRA[Adonis] INRA GRA Gr High heterozygosity 3 Dead 2 Delta cadidene content d.cadidene Célia Michotey INRA -5 Dead attribute NBCH Célia Michotey NBCH[Adonis] INRA Collar canker number 2 Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) INRA VER VER[Adonis] Deviation from verticality Célia Michotey Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels 3 At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 49 Chalara easy to see 2 6 Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 32 Green 1 17 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree 5 2 Moderate to strong bends (severe) Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 4 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 3 8 More than 75% of the area covered Inflated bud 2 5 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles Xylem hydraulic conductivity Célia Michotey KS KS[Adonis] INRA 2 Codominant tree 3 Acute angle less than 45 ° 2 Strong meander Vigorous 3 Leaf water content Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LWC[Adonis] LWC% INRA/IBET At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) 40 Moderate damages 2 Dead tree 5 Célia Michotey TPCm INRA TPCm[Adonis] Total protein content per leaf dry mass 1 Low allelic diversity Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 36 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Dry tree 4 3 Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 5 a.pinene Célia Michotey INRA Alpha pinene content Acute angle greater than 45 ° 2 Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 10 4 More than 10 non-agglomerated sores 3 Célia Michotey Mean minimum temperature INRA Temp_MIN 0 No polycyclism 6 ? 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 79 61 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Low heterozygosity 1 Refugo 7 -9 Dead damage to the n-1 shoot 1 4 Green white bud, beginning of leaves 0 No fruits Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) 5 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 12 5 1 Dying tree Alive 0 Dormant winter bud 00 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels No straight stem (severe) 1 10 Best color Fork in lower third of the tree 1 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference 3 Hanging down (> 90°) 5 88 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 99 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 1 Below 30° (steep) 4 The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out dc Crown dieback 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 84 WoodyPlant ontology No fork 4 Dormant winter bud (late flushing) 1 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals 4 2 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point None < 5% 4 Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) Tree gone 5 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 2 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry Abundant 2 91 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell ? 8 1 Média 5 2 Female 4 Very vigorous 4 Média 94 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 63 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 3 Very marcescent 3 ? The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 70 A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 4 Alive and unfrozen 0 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot 1 On all branches 2 4 ? 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 68 Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 2 Dead 1 The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 80 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 06 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 Dormant winter bud 1 77 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 2 Thin and few branches 5 depth lobe Lobe depth ratio LDR Lobe depth ratio stem diameter Stem diameter Diameter of the tree main stem D BBCH_97 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Repetitions protocol secondary bud Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. quantity Secondary bud quantity SecBD high radial parenchyma WRP-h Wood radial parenchyma high Wood radial parenchyma high Polycyclism scoring scale mg/g BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. Master branches quantity NBBRM quantity Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter master branche cork cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing Dividing lenticel cells N-div_lent leaf specific area Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass Specific leaf area SLA PLAG geotropism Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. plant Plagiotropy Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation Number BBCH_34 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Mean wood density Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface m Measurement None pigment content Pigments content in leaves TPgC Leaf pigments content leaf Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring NF Flush flush Assessment of flushes during the growing season plant Girdling index Cork plank color protocol Expert visual assessment for cork belly color Calendar day Number/area molecule content Alpha copaene content leaf Alpha copaene content a.copaene N-debark debarking cork Assessment of debarkings quantity Debarkings quantity growth Cork AG Annual increment of cork rings thickness Cork annual growth cork Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_35 evaluation BBCH_09 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. S/RDM Shoot to Root dry weight ratio biomass shoot/root Shoot/Root dry mass leaf chlorophyll content Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue Chl a ID plant Identification Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree identification None Computation Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Flexuosity protocol epicormic branche epicormic Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics rEpiBC Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics Cork plank thickness ESP cork thickness Cork plant thickness Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_18 evaluation CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) PhiPS2 Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII photosystem II leaf Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Unknown Cork thickness before boiling protocol Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Cork plank uniformity protocol Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity leaf a.pinene molecule content Alpha pinene content Alpha pinene content molecule content Alpha humulene content a.humulene Alpha humulene content leaf Leaf surface protocol None quenching Non-photochemical quenching Non-photochemical quenching leaf NPQ fork Forking ANFO Notation of the fork appearance stem %Pores Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. cork porosity Cork Porosity Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration pilodyn stem PIL Penetration opposition Flush length Mean flush length during the growing season leaf MFL flush length Frost damages scoring scale quantity Sylleptic shoots quantity Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Syllep sylleptic shoot Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° fork FO quantity Fork quantity Visual assessment Visual assessment Canopy projection protocol Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge nitrogen/carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon LN/LC Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon leaf parts per million (ppm) mg/cm2 photosynthetic rate An Photosynthetic rate leaf The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. Presence/Absence Cobrilha status quality Cobrilha The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene cork leaf AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency Photosystem II operating efficiency photosystem II Marcescence plant MAR marcescence Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off NBUC growth unit quantity Growth unit quantity Assessment of growth units quantity Defoliation scoring scale on 5 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_11 evaluation Carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency leaf An/Ci The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area Computation per leaf area None Pore roundness protocol g Nail size protocol None Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. surf wood ring surface Ring surface Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant WC% cork Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage Compression wood quality discontinuities enguy Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced cork Cork discontinuities Marcescence scoring scale on 3 Armillaria Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree plant ARM armillaria Slenderness protocol The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature BBCH_49 evaluation g/m2 RAM branching plant Branching degree Branching degree lamina WP width Largest width of the lamina Lamina largest width Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_72 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_70 evaluation Bud date protocol Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores fiber lengh Wood fibers lengh WF-l wood Wood fibers lengh Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward EPI leaf Epinasty epinasty g/100g % Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level Blossoming blossoming flower FLO Year Wood parenchyma protocol None ETR electron transport leaf Leaf electron transport rate Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf quality Terrentas/Barrentas A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. cork Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas RDM biomass Weight of the dry root root Root dry mass Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) SLA protocol Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_95 evaluation stone_content stone content soil Soil stone content Stone content in the soil around the tree Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Branching scoring scale on 3 Tree height Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown HT plant height latewood Latewood density BF wood Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season water availability SWA Amount of water present in the soil soil Soil water availability suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content cork Branching scoring scale on 5 Hemicellulose wood composition hemicellulose content WHC wood Hemicellulose wood composition LL length Lamina length Lamina length lamina Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol wood WF-t Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness fiber thickness suberin content Suberin Ferulic content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid Suberin Ferulic content Cork defects - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Abundance in crown scoring scale Branches angle scoring scale on 3b Lobe width Lobe width LW lobe width Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Chalara scoring scale on 3 Area of the nail inclusions Nail inclusions nail inclusions Prego cork Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_39 evaluation cork Woodpecker quality The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. Woodpecker status Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_85 evaluation heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population Heterozygosity population Heterozygosity None Lenticels protocol Visual count Visual count Basal sweep protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale stem Canker_LL Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion Canker lesion length Tree shape plant Assessment of the shape of the tree FOR shape Suberin Oleic content suberin content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Suberin Oleic content CHAL plant chalara Chalara Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea Regularity scoring scale Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Budset protocol Chalara scoring scale on 5 bud Assessment of the bud break level BF_score Budflush break Sinus width width Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf SW sinus Assessment of petiols without leaves PETIOL petiol leaf Petiols without leaves Chlorophyll ratio protocol Chlorophyll a to b ratio bud NAAT accident Recording of an accident on the terminal bud Terminal bud accident carbon content Leaf carbon content leaf CM Carbon content in leaves plant DF defoliation Assessment of the tree defoliation Defoliation Leaf water content protocol Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  leaf Beta caryophyllene content Beta caryophyllene content molecule content b.caryophyllene Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale mol.m-2.s-1 Numerical unknown Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade Lamina pubescence pubescence HR lamina Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Suberin chemical content protocol Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale Total length of the shoot Shoot length length LPOUS shoot Competition COMP competition plant Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow Thinning scoring scale Thinning protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Detailed survival scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_12 evaluation crown Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width Crown size spread crown_size Height of the branch Branch height branch HB height Day number protocol Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Observation made by X-Ray X-Ray protocol quantity Seeds quantity seed GRA Assessment of seeds quantity leaf Stomatal conductance to CO2 Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf gC stomatal conductance Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface relief cork BR Inner plank surface relief Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_77 evaluation Count regeneration Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree regeneration Natural regeneration soil Stem length protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Determination of the tree sex SEX sex plant Sex determination PV Percentage venation Percentage venation venation leaf Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_92 evaluation Lygnifying lenticel cells Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying N-Lygn_lent cork cell lygnifying mg/g DW cm Index Mass percentage BBCH_01 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell Canker quantity Canker quantity canker Assessment of canker quantity Suberin Tyramine content cork suberin content Suberin Tyramine content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open BBCH_53 evaluation wood WCC cellulose content Cellulose wood composition Cork chemical composition in cellulose Blossoming scoring scale Soluble protein content in leaves SPC leaf Leaf soluble protein content protein content ring width TRW Tree ring width wood Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring density wood B ring number Uredinia Number Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus uredinia UN Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Forking index protocol Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Survival scoring scale Enzymatic activity of Glutamine enzymatic activity leaf GS Enzymatic activity of Glutamine CNL protocol Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Volume Vol volume precipitation Rainfall Prec population Rainfall on the site of the population mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) damages Assessment of game damages Game damage stem GIB Ratio distance Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors plant Distance individual/neighbor neighbor distance Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus size US uredinia Uredinia Size Epinasty scoring scale PL length Petiole length petiol Petiole length Fructification BBCH scoring scale panmixia Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population Fis population Fixation index cover soil Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree cover Vegetation/Rock cover Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Limonene content Limonene molecule content Limonene content leaf Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Visual assessment collection Harvest protocol cork age scoring scale DHL lenticel color Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels quality cork Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas suberin content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid cork Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper - largest branch protocol WAP-h Wood axial parenchyma high axial parenchyma high Wood axial parenchyma high pore frequency Number of pores in frame area Pores Frequency cork Pores frequency leaf sabinene molecule content Sabinene content Sabinene content molecule content Beta myrcene content b.myrcene leaf Beta myrcene content Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Virtual plot protocol cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-CW-t wood vessel Biomass protocol Measured by leaves weighing Content measured by chemical analysis Chemical content protocol None None Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Capillary electrophoresis Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Fruits/Cones protocol Budburst scoring scale Collar protocol Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Shoot diameter protocol Measured below the terminal bud Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Fruits/Cones mean Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_78 evaluation Computation per leaf dry mass Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Assessment of the survival state of leaves Withered leaves leaf WI survival Unknown Unknown Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation Cork plank color scoring scale Budflush scoring protocol Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale BBCH_38 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) quantity PriBD Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. primary bud Primary bud quantity None Stable isotope analysis Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_67 evaluation To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Cork thickness after boiling protocol Comments Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal plant COM observation Pore lenght pore lenght cork Pores Length Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank stem Stem_L Stem length length Stem length secondary epicormic bud SecLBD quantity Epicormic secondary bud quantity Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time LMA leaf Leaf mass per leaf area Leaf mass per leaf area mass/area Growth BBCH scoring scale Competition scoring scale quantity Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time epicormic bud LBD Epicormic bud quantity Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. C/N leaf C/N carbon-to-nitrogen ratio Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol mm vpm [C02] leaf Rubisco content in leaves RQ rubisco content Leaf rubisco content cm2 Suberin Glycerol content suberin content cork Suberin Glycerol content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol Growth scoring scale Assessment of the tree branches density plant BRA Branching density branch BBCH_99 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Cover scoring scale vEpiBC Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches volume Epicormic branches volume epicormic branche Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Increase protocol Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth dm Ring width protocol None Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_74 evaluation Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inst_Carbon_eff Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency leaf Defoliation scoring scale on 3 ECH Sampling Individuals sampling for a specific study selection plant Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_93 evaluation Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. Chlorophyll protocol Neighbor distance protocol Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH leaf CHAL_nbF chalara Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number Chalara influence on leaves ‰ None Cork age protocol Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation damages Assessment of frost damages plant GEL Frost damage staining Leaf staining ST Leaf staining leaf None Pore lenght protocol POLY Polycyclism nature plant polycyclism Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season Individual elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level plant elevation elevation µmol.m-2.s-1 shoot Growth stop AC growth Assessment of the stop of shoots growth Bark thickness thickness Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark bark BarkT Height fork HFO Insertion height of the fork height fork Delta cadidene content Delta cadidene content d.cadidene leaf molecule content drying up DES Stem drying up plant Assessment of the drying up level of the stem Deviation from verticality Measurement of the deviation from the verticality deviation verticality plant VER mmol H2O m-2 s-1 The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Competition protocol depth soil_depth Soil depth Soil depth around the tree soil Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_87 evaluation Terpinolene Terpinolene content molecule content leaf Terpinolene content Bark roughness scoring scale NBVOIS Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree neighbors plant Alive neighboring trees X-Ray counting protocol Counting made with X-Ray Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 Assessment of the Larch needles coloration needle AIG color Needles coloration pore area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores area Pores Area cork Shoot growth growth shoot Assessment of shoots growth DEV Drought damages scoring scale Branching habit scoring scale stomatal density Stomatal density leaf Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration STOM Individual aspect The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree azimuth soil azimuth Chrysomela leaf consumed area consumed area Chrysomela leaf Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) leaf Transpiration rate Transpiration rate transpiration Gs REC Harvest sampling plant Sample(s) collected on the tree het5 None Leaf coloration scoring scale NADH protocol Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. Camphene content leaf camphene Camphene content molecule content Epicormic branches quantity EpiBC Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure epicormic branch quantity axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma thickness thickness WAP-t Wood axial parenchyma thickness Cork Porosity protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. plant observation photo Photo Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found DB branch Assessment of the diameter of the branch Branch diameter diameter molecule content H/S/G Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood Leaf area counting protocol Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Identifier Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Health status red strip survival SUR Assessment of the health status related to red band disease plant Assessment of the sequential branches volume vSeqBC sequential branch Sequential branches volume quantity nP primary branching quantity Primary branching quantity Assessment of primary branching quantity leaf molecule content Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content Branches angle scoring scale on 5 mm2 Carbon content in wood Wood Carbon content C carbon content wood epicormic Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. Epicormic quantity Epis quantity Shape scoring scale BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed Crown dieback crown dieback DC ANG Assessment of the branches angle branch angle Branch angle Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_75 evaluation None Cork discontinuities protocol leaf Carotenoid content in leaves Leaf carotenoid content CAR carotenoide content BBCH_40 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) Debarking scoring scale Suberin Ectadecanedioid content suberin content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid BS_score budset bud Assessment of the budset level Budset Budflush scoring scale sur 8 Leaf mass/area protocol The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging None Wood fiber protocol Secateur knocks number NBS plant pruning Number of secateur knocks when shaping Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_76 evaluation Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha pé de linha DEF_V default Whorl defects whorl Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. Senescence SEN plant senescence Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death Bark thickness protocol Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. shape Lamina shape Shape of the lamina lamina BS Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve leaf Internal CO2 concentration CO2 Ci cm3 kg/m3 stomatal index leaf Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area Stomatal index SI plant FO_index Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position Forking index forking index chlorophyll content LCC Leaf chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content in leaves leaf Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation Tolerance protocol ROU rust plant Rust Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents molecule content wood S/G Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc enzymatic activity leaf Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Suberin Alkanols content suberin content cork Suberin Alkanols content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols Wood width width W-w Wood width wood µm Shoot dry mass Shoot dry mass shoot dry mass SHDM Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Slope protocol Leaf area area LA Total area of the leaf leaf Gradians Canker lesion length protocol Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. cork Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores suberin content Total suberin content Total suberin content BioF foliar biomass plant Foliar biomass Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown WV-d wood vessel Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter diameter None Wood width protocol BBCH_89 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_37 evaluation Wood density at 12% moisture content Wood density protocol thickness WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness Wood radial parenchyma thickness radial parenchyma Day Minimal meteo value The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° None Computation per gram of protein SEL Phenotypic note Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection selection plant root water content Root water content RWC Amount of water in roots GR Assessment of the growth of the tree growth Tree growth plant BBCH_32 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) FO_score plant Forking score Assessment of forks position on the tree forks position Sympodial growth Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. plant sympodic sympodic water content Stem water content SWC Amount of water in the stem stem Tree circumference CIR stem Circumference of the tree main stem circumference External hypertrophied lenticels diameter diameter EHLD lenticel External hypertrophied lenticels diameter leaf Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves Specific activity of rubisco in leaves SAR enzymatic activity BI wood Earlywood density earlywood Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season Alleles quantity NbA allele Assessment of alleles quantity in the population quantity leaf Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration Wi water use Water use efficiency Additional feet foot Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage NBPIEDSUP quantity Collar diameter protocol Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Drought defects scoring scale straightening Assessment of straightened branch branch Straightened branch BRR BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Soil water availability Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue chlorophyll content Chl b Chlorophyll b leaf Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches aSeqBC inclination branch Sequential branches angle BBCH_86 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Heterozygosity scoring scale Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Cork industrial quality protocols bud TBD diameter Terminal bud diameter Diameter of terminal bud Fructification scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_15 evaluation Ramicorn quantity ramicorn RA quantity Assessment of the ramicorn quantity None Obversity protocol cork Cork ring width ring width Cork ring width CR-w Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol Leaf water content leaf LWC water content Amount of water in leaves BBCH_64 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 Individual slope slope soil slope Slope angle at the location of the tree Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Branches angle protocol 2 diameter Shoot diameter branch RD Shoot diameter PR petiol Petiole ratio Petiole ratio None Pore area protocol Computation per gram of nitrogen None NBPIED quantity Feet quantity Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree foot Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Independant cover protocol Lobe quantity Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina quantity NL lobe Bark roughness BarkR Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark roughness bark Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem plant IH height Height increment µmol electron m-2 s-1 Degree nkat/mg Calendar year Canker_G Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Canker girdling stem lesion height Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy Height trunk HTrunk stem SEC plant Drought damage damages Assessment of drought damages presure Xylem pressure Xylem pressure P50 xylem Shoot diameter increase diameter branch Shoot diameter increase IRD Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon BBCH_61 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Wood infradensity WID infradensity Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood wood BBCH_03 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. Tolerance plant tolerance Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants Tol Plant width at the soil level width Plant width at the soil level in spring plant R varintracerne ring Intra-ring variance Intra-ring variance wood The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Maximal value Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_82 evaluation quantity NV Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins leaf vein Intercalary veins quantity Competition index plant NCI Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level competition index Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. cm2/g cork polyphenols Phenols_CC Chemical composition in polyphenols Polyphenols composition ICIR Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem Circumference increment circumference stem Crown scoring scale Lobe depth protocol None Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions Pilodyn protocol Forking score protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale quality Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying WT% cork Tension wood cork suberin content Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Average meteo value Trunk height protocol Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy mg/L Slope of the vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve slope S50 vulnerability curve Ability to vegetative propagation AVP Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure plant Number of repetitions Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated replicate REP None mm - no decimal Quenching protocol None Leaf dry mass biomass LDM Weight of the dry leaf leaf cm-2 bud Coefficient of the budflush precocity bud break Budflush precocity BF_prec KS xylem hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope Aspect protocol plant Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place Thinning ECL thinning Double feet quantity Assessment of double feet quantity DP quantity double feet cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content m2.MPa-1.s-1 Stem dry mass stem SDM Weight of the dry stem biomass Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition cork Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_17 evaluation Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol GO leaf Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase enzymatic activity Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants BBCH_00 evaluation Maximal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed Curves scoring scale on 5 Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Crown size protocol Regeneration scoring scale Budset date budset BS_date Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time bud Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation lenticel THL Hypertrophied lenticels quantity Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues quantity BBCH_98 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Broadleaves budflush scoring scale Net photosynthesis net_An Net photosynthesis Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Budflush BBCH scoring scale hydrogen content H Hydrogen content in wood wood Wood Hydrogen Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time BF_date Budflush date bud break Ribbon 130cm protocol Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell BBCH_51 evaluation Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Pole protocol Fructification regularity plant fructification FRUC_REG Regularity of the fructification Degree celsius Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation Damage scoring scale Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II ETR protocol Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_63 evaluation Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding cells alongating/expanding N-A&E_lent cork Growing lenticel cells Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. quality QUAL Cork quality cork Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf leaf stomatal conductance gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour Branching habit Branching habit BRAH branch BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Drying up scoring scale Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Variance Uredia number protocol Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Wood infradensity protocol None leaf Leaf color in autumn color Leaf color LC Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer Plant height protocol BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Calliper 130cm protocol Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Branch diameter scoring scale Survival state scoring scale Budflush scoring scale on 3 Leaf protein content protein content TPC Protein content in leaves leaf Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation leaf 3 carene content 3Carene molecule content 3 carene content Fork height protocol Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Forking scoring scale on 4 branch appearance Reference whorl ANVERE Year of appearance of the reference verticula Temperature on the site of the population Temp population Temperature temperature None Percentage venation protocol LS Leaf surface surface leaf Leaf surface LWR Lobe width ratio Lobe width ratio lobe lamina Senescence scoring scale quantity Epicormic primary bud quantity PriLBD primary epicormic bud Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Leaf quantity LV quantity leaf Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree BBCH_65 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. SACL leaf saccharose content Leaf saccharose content Saccharose content in leaves Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed Minimal mean value Wood density wood density WD Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood Precocity scoring scale leaf Dissolved oxygen content in leaves DOC oxygen content Dissolved oxygen content Mean value Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Branches angle scoring scale on 4 Defects scoring scale BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² leaf A assimilation Assimilation rate Assimilation rate Blossoming BBCH scoring scale Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_79 evaluation Calliper protocol Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Delta 15N leaf nitrogen discrimination Delta15N Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves SeqBC sequential branch sequential branch Sequential branches quantity Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_07 evaluation Forking scoring scale on 5 Senescence BBCH scoring scale BBCH_71 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol TDM Dry matter biomass Weight of the plant dry matter plant Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration BBCH_45 evaluation Comsumed leaf protocol Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Formiga status cork Formiga quality The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue STAT Tree status Assessment of the tree status plant status Allelic richness scoring scale Gamma cadidene content g.cadidene Gamma cadidene content leaf molecule content Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_84 evaluation Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem bud Terminal bud status survival TE Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk BC cork color Inner plank surface color linha Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Enedioic content Suberin Enedioic content suberin content cork BBCH_62 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. NID Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree nest Nests quantity quantity Buds at the terminal cluster bud TB Number of buds at the terminal cluster number Abundance scoring scale scale_of plant NbI Number of individuals in the population quantity Number of individuals Sex scoring scale shoot Shoots Resprout quantity quantity Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing None Wood vessel protocol slenderness plant Slenderness C_El Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter Chl a/b leaf Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll a to b ratio chlorophyll content BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_68 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. stem CB basal curve Basal sweep Assessment of the basal curve fructification fruit Fructification FRUC Assessment of the fructification Latency measured against a given rust strain Latent Period latency plant LD Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. BBCH_55 evaluation Cork plank uniformity protocol Pollarding scoring scale variable_of None Epicormic percentage protocol Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 Half-day Survival plant survival Assessment of the survival state of the tree SUR Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Leaf area protocol Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). thickness cork Caliber Cal Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. Spike protocol Leaf counting protocol Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant Uredinia Size scoring scale Geotropism scoring scale DEF defects Plant defects plant Assessment of the plant defects BBCH_94 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Hour HPR Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase enzymatic activity leaf Needles coloration scoring scale µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas cork Cork Eelness eels Minimal value The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values ACC Annual increase increase Annual increase Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_88 evaluation BBCH_08 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales BBCH_91 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell population AR Allelic richness allelic richness Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population Rust scoring scale BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Status scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_16 evaluation Budset scoring scale Eelness scoring score Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_36 evaluation method_of Lobe ratio protocol None Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree Tree flexuosity plant FLX flexuosity Numerical unknown - 1 decimal Petiol ratio protocol None Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) Canopy projection diameter crown canopy_projection leaf carbon discrimination Delta13C Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves Delta C13 None Debarking protocol Monopodic growth monopodic monopodic Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. plant BBCH_66 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Colorimetric protocol Colorimetric determination pore roundness Pores roundness cork Pores Roundness Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. Sacharides_CC polyphenols cork Chemical composition in polysacharide Polysacharide composition Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Survival scoring scale 2 Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Maximal meteo value EP Adaxial epidermal cells epidermal cell Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) leaf Yes/No µmol CO2 / mmol H2O Cork ring width protocol None Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Medium value Marcescence scoring scale on 6 LNC Nitrogen content in leaves Leaf nitrogen content nitrogen content leaf Cumulative value Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values leaf Beta pinene content b.pinene molecule content Beta pinene content Crown chalara scoring scale germacrene Germacrene content leaf molecule content Germacrene content Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Bark thickness mean LP leaf Leaf perimeter Leaf perimeter perimeter Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade RACH Rachis quantity quantity rachis Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_60 evaluation Leaf relative water content protocol Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Selection scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_13 evaluation