INRA Célia Michotey Petiole length PL PL[Adonis] D15N[Adonis] Delta15N INRA Célia Michotey delta N15 d15N Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination S ES Health status SUR INRA/IBET SUR[Adonis] Survival MOR Célia Michotey Pore_Round-Tr PoresRoundness_Tr PR-Tr[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Pore Roundness - Transverse section Leaf relative water content IBET Inês Chaves LRWC I Growth ring width Tree ring width Annual ring width TRW[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves ARW INRA/IBET RW TRW ECH[Adonis] Sampling ECH Célia Michotey INRA Abundant 2 INRA Shoots.I Shoot[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots.UK Shoots Number of resprouts Shoots.F INRA Célia Michotey DEVFO[Adonis] DEVFO Become of fork Expected heterozygosity INRA He[Adonis] Célia Michotey He Célia Michotey INRA Beta myrcene content b.myrcene INRA Fork FO[Adonis] FO Célia Michotey IBET Inês Chaves N-debark Number of debarkings N-deb[Adonis] ESP[Adonis] ESP IBET Cork thickness before boiling Inês Chaves thickness espessura SuberinAlkanols_CC Suberin Alkanols content IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey INRA HRn HRn[Adonis] Pubescence along the veins > 95% Full cover IBET Inês Chaves Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chl a/b GBRA DBRA Branche diameter INRA Célia Michotey DBRA[Adonis] The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing 5 CONREC NBREC Célia Michotey NBREC[Adonis] INRA Harvest number espessura depois de cozido IBET Inês Chaves ESP_B[Adonis] ESP_B cork thickness after boiling FRU_R[Adonis] INRA Fructification regularity Célia Michotey FRUC_REG Pore Roundness - Tangential section IBET PoresRoundness_Ta Pore_Round-Ta Inês Chaves PR-Ta[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves % Pore size - Tangential section % Pore-Ta PP-Ta[Adonis] PorosityCoef_Ta CIR[Adonis] CIR Tree girth C130 INRA Célia Michotey Tree circumference Ci130 b.pinene Célia Michotey INRA Beta pinene content Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves CIR1 Circum.I CIR1[Adonis] Tree circumference at 1m Circum.F Girth at 1m INRA/IBET Circum.UK 12 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles BBCH_55 Célia Michotey INRA Floral buds emerged but closed 55_NB[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC Inês Chaves IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork cork S/G Very vigorous 4 Alpha humulene content a.humulene INRA Célia Michotey 3 Chalara very present 6 NBDEF_V Whorl defects NDEFV[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA 50% of buds with leaves coming out 09_NB[Adonis] BBCH_09 Célia Michotey INRA DIST DIST[Adonis] Distance individual/neighbor 0 Alive PL-Tr[Adonis] PoresLength_Tr Pore_L-Tr IBET Inês Chaves Pore Length - Transversal section 40% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_94 Célia Michotey INRA 94_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey CLLC[Adonis] Canker cumulative length Canker_LLC CCH INRA Defoliation - rating on 5 DF_n5[Adonis] DF_n5 Célia Michotey INRA 18_NB[Adonis] BBCH_18 Célia Michotey 80% of leaves/needles out Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t IBET WAP-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey 30% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_63 63_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey ESBR INRA ESBR[Adonis] Health status red strip 91_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 10% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_91 Branching habit BRAH INRA BRAH[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey g.cadidene Gamma cadidene content 3 BBCH_81 INRA 10% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 81_NB[Adonis] ESDET Detailed health status Célia Michotey INRA ESD[Adonis] IBET SuberinGlycerol_CC Suberin Glycerol content Inês Chaves Vigor Célia Michotey GR[Adonis] INRA Tree growth GR SuberinFerulicA_CC IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Ferulic content BBCH_11 11_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 10% of leaves/needles out 1 1 pollarding Célia Michotey INRA a.copaene Alpha copaene content 7 Célia Michotey TE[Adonis] Terminal bud dead TE INRA INRA Célia Michotey MAR_n6 MARn6[Adonis] Marcescence - rating on 6 3 Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) NbI Number of individuals INRA NbI[Adonis] Célia Michotey 1 Male IBET Inês Chaves Phenols_CC Polyphenols cork composition Height.F Tree total height Height.I HT[Adonis] TH H HT INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Height.UK DESN[Adonis] Stem drying up grading Célia Michotey DESN INRA/IBET BF_CO[Adonis] BF_score_CO Célia Michotey Conifers budflush scoring INRA GO INRA Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO[Adonis] % Pore size - Transversal section Inês Chaves PorosityCoef_Tr % Pore-Tr IBET PP-Tr[Adonis] Pubescence in lamina central part HRf[Adonis] HRf INRA Célia Michotey 2 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry Célia Michotey SPCm[Adonis] SPCm Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass INRA IBET Pores Area Inês Chaves PoA[Adonis] Pores Area 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 96 All buds dormant or just enlarged 1 99_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 90% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_99 Number of dry years on the stem DES[Adonis] DES INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA AVP[Adonis] Ability to vegetative propagation AVP Célia Michotey Individual aspect expo[Adonis] INRA aspect Petiols without leaves P_F[Adonis] INRA PETIOL Célia Michotey P_F BBCH_69 69_NB[Adonis] 90% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey INRA Green 1 Frost damage note Célia Michotey GELN GELN[Adonis] INRA/IBET attribute 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks 2 NBBR[Adonis] NBBR Branches number INRA Célia Michotey NBBRA Budflush scoring - rating on 3 BFSn3[Adonis] BF_score_n3 INRA Célia Michotey INRA LCC Célia Michotey LCC[Adonis] Leaf chlorophyll content IBET Inês Chaves Wood fibers thickness WF-t[Adonis] WF-t BBCH_06 Célia Michotey 06_NB[Adonis] INRA 10% of the bud burst BBCH_70 70_NB[Adonis] First fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey 87_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 70% of fruits mature BBCH_87 INRA 07_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 50% of buds burst BBCH_07 1 Smooth bark, some cracks 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Year reference whorl AVR[Adonis] Célia Michotey ANVERE INRA Célia Michotey HTr[Adonis] HTrunk Height trunk INRA Blossoming BBCH FL_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FLO_BBCH 2 Fork in middle third of the tree vEpiBC Epicormic branch volume INRA Célia Michotey vEBC[Adonis] Thin and few branches 5 2 Doubtful More than 2 very strong curves 1 IBET Inês Chaves SWA Soil water availability Volume Vol Célia Michotey Vol[Adonis] INRA 50% of buds lignified and mature INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_49 49_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 71_NB[Adonis] BBCH_71 10% of fruits reached maximum size nPLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of latent primary buds nPriLBD INRA INRA BBCH_85 50% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 85_NB[Adonis] LC[Adonis] Leaf color COUL LC INRA Célia Michotey CHALH Chalara on the tree upper part INRA CHAH[Adonis] Célia Michotey CHALHa Lobe width Célia Michotey INRA LW LW[Adonis] FSE SEC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Drought damage SEC FS INRA/IBET NbA INRA Célia Michotey Number of alleles NbA[Adonis] aSeqBC Sequential branches angle INRA aSBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey 1 Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels IBET Inês Chaves RWC Root water content Inês Chaves N-AEL[Adonis] Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding IBET N-A&E_lent 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 Forking index FO_index FO_i[Adonis] INRA Fork_index Célia Michotey STAT[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Status STAT Dormant winter flower bud INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_50 50_NB[Adonis] 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 68 10_NB[Adonis] First leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_10 97_NB[Adonis] BBCH_97 70% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey 60% of fruits mature BBCH_86 INRA Célia Michotey 86_NB[Adonis] 37 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Tol tol[Adonis] Célia Michotey Tolerance INRA IBET Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells dividing N-DL[Adonis] N-div_lent Célia Michotey CGI[Adonis] girdling_index Canker girdling index Girdling.index INRA/IBET Canker_GI On no branches 0 Mean ring density INRA mpond[Adonis] Célia Michotey mpond Pore size -Tangential section Inês Chaves P-Ta[Adonis] Pore-Ta IBET PoresArea_Ta nail Area_Ta Nail size area - Tangential section IBET Prego-Ta Inês Chaves NS-Ta[Adonis] Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area Wood inclusions area - Radial section nail Area_R IBET Nail size area - Radial section Inês Chaves NS-R[Adonis] Prego-R NBCHA Canker number INRA Célia Michotey NBCH Canker_nb CNB[Adonis] BFSn8[Adonis] BF_score_n8 DEBFAGUS INRA Célia Michotey Budflush scoring - rating on 8 Célia Michotey CLOI INRA Thinning ECL[Adonis] ECL BBCH_17 Célia Michotey INRA 70% of leaves/needles out 17_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DCS[Adonis] DCS Crown dieback status LB LPOUS Branch length LONG INRA Célia Michotey Shoot length LPOUS[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Ring surface surf surf[Adonis] FO_score_n5 Forking score - rating on 5 Célia Michotey INRA FOSn5[Adonis] Forking score - rating on 4 Célia Michotey INRA FO_score_n4 FOSn4[Adonis] nSBC[Adonis] nSeqBC Célia Michotey INRA Number of sequential branches Inês Chaves CAG[Adonis] Cork annual growth AnnualGrowth Cork AG IBET Smooth bark, no cracks 0 INRA/IBET HTm HTm[Adonis] Célia Michotey Tree total height in m Hm IBET Wood Hydrogen 1 Inês Chaves 1H[Adonis] 1H Hydrogen 1 Stem_D IBET Stem diameter Inês Chaves Pore Roundness - Radial section PoresRoundness_R Pore_Round-R IBET Inês Chaves PR-R[Adonis] 1 A few fruits in a small section of the crown Célia Michotey INRA Leaf surface LS LS[Adonis] 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 63 AIG[Adonis] Needles coloration INRA Célia Michotey AIG DP Double feet DP[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey LCCa[Adonis] Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area INRA Célia Michotey LCCa 2 1 to 2 very strong curves Flower buds swelling Célia Michotey 51_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_51 INRA/IBET Root collar diameter CD RCD DIACOL Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves DCOL DIA_col DIA_C[Adonis] P-Tr[Adonis] Pore-Tr IBET Inês Chaves Pore size - Transversal section PoresArea_Tr INRA COMP Competition COMP[Adonis] Célia Michotey WUE WUE[Adonis] IBET Water use efficiency Inês Chaves BarkT_mean INRA Célia Michotey BT_m[Adonis] Bark thickness mean vSeqBC vSBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Sequential branches volume Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Percentage of compression wood INRA/IBET WCP[Adonis] WC% SuberinAlkanoicA_CC IBET Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Inês Chaves Célia Michotey INRA drd IRD[Adonis] Increase of diameter below the apical bud Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 2 Significant damages 3 NBN NBN[Adonis] NBNPRO INRA Célia Michotey Nests number 2 Little early 1 Healthy SEN[Adonis] SEN INRA Célia Michotey Senescence Cobri[Adonis] Cobrilha IBET Cobrilha Inês Chaves LNCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm INRA/IBET Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot 1 HPR INRA Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Célia Michotey HPR[Adonis] 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) INRA Célia Michotey BRAn5[Adonis] BRA_n5 Branching - rating on 5 scales A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 PoR[Adonis] Pores Roundness Pores Roundness IBET Inês Chaves SEX Sex determination SEX[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BarkT[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BarkT Bark thickness IBET Photosystem II operating efficiency Inês Chaves AnII_Ef Non-photochemical quenching NPQ IBET Inês Chaves CIBAS INRA CIR_B Célia Michotey CBAS CCO CIR_B[Adonis] Tree circumference at the collar CIRC_B CIR_Base Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 0 Independant Vegetation/Rock cover INRA cover1 Célia Michotey cov1[Adonis] LP INRA Célia Michotey Leaf perimeter LP[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA pBF[Adonis] pBF Percentage of late wood Célia Michotey Buds swelling 01_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_01 88_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_88 80% of fruits mature Célia Michotey INRA Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc PEPc[Adonis] Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II PhiPS2 IBET Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Nests presence NID[Adonis] Célia Michotey NID TB INRA Célia Michotey TB[Adonis] Number of buds at the terminal cluster Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 13 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles Célia Michotey INRA Alive neighboring trees NBVOIS NBV[Adonis] 4 INRA BBCH_78 Célia Michotey 80% of fruits reached maximum size 78_NB[Adonis] Dominant tree 3 NBUC Growth unit number INRA Célia Michotey NBUC[Adonis] 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 83 DV_NB[Adonis] Growth BBCH DEV_BBCH INRA Célia Michotey Suberin Oleic content IBET Inês Chaves SuberinOleicA_CC INRA RA Célia Michotey RA[Adonis] Ramicorn P-R[Adonis] Pore-R Inês Chaves Pore size - Radial section PoresArea_R IBET Number of epicormic branches nEBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey nEpiBC INRA CHAB[Adonis] CHALB Chalara on the tree lower part CHALinf Célia Michotey INRA Secateur knocks number TAI NBS INRA NBS[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA NBF_m[Adonis] NBF_mean Fruits/Cones number mean Célia Michotey RQa RQa[Adonis] Rubisco quantity per leaf area INRA Célia Michotey Pica-pau Inês Chaves Woodpecker IBET Woodp[Adonis] Woodpecker NV[Adonis] Number of intercalary veins INRA Célia Michotey NV DC[Adonis] Célia Michotey DC DCI Crown dieback INRA/IBET SUR_Rate SUR_R[Adonis] Survival rate INRA Célia Michotey 5 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl Célia Michotey SECN NSEC[Adonis] Drought damage note INRA INRA/IBET Hemicellulose wood composition WHC Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WHC[Adonis] % Pore-R % Pore size - Radial section PorosityCoef_R IBET PP-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves Diameter below terminal bud RD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA RD Flexuosity - rating on 5 FLXn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FLX_n5 Ci IBET Inês Chaves Internal CO2 concentration 4 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected Bud burst Budflush Budflush.I Budflush.F DEB BF_score_BL Broadleaves budflush scoring Bud break Célia Michotey INRA BF_BL[Adonis] Budflush.UK BBCH_89 INRA 90% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 89_NB[Adonis] 16 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles Angle[Adonis] ANG_n3b Célia Michotey INRA Branch angle - rating on 3 Célia Michotey 64_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_64 40% of flowers sexually mature LL[Adonis] LL Lamina length INRA Célia Michotey VER Célia Michotey VER[Adonis] Deviation from verticality INRA 60% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_96 96_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET WCC[Adonis] WCC Cellulose wood composition INRA Célia Michotey Terpinolene content Terpinolene INRA Célia Michotey Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass RQm[Adonis] RQm 3 Acute angle less than 45 ° Shoots at 20% of their size BBCH_32 32_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey BRR[Adonis] Straightened branch BRR 8 Spread leaves, long shoot nSLBD[Adonis] nSecLBD Number of latent secondary buds INRA Célia Michotey IBET Inês Chaves 12C Wood Carbon 12 12C[Adonis] Carbon 12 LMA[Adonis] Célia Michotey LMA Leaf mass per leaf area INRA Crown completely yellow 2 IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Enedioic content SuberinEnedioicA_CC Height largest branch HGB HGB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey POLY[Adonis] INRA Polycyclism nature POLY INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_35 Shoots at 50% of their size 35_NB[Adonis] BRA_n3 Branching - rating on 3 INRA Célia Michotey BRAn3[Adonis] 9 wood S/G IBET Inês Chaves Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood 64 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Number of repetitions Célia Michotey INRA REP REP[Adonis] Suberin Tyramine content IBET Inês Chaves SuberinTyramine_CC EP[Adonis] EP Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area Célia Michotey INRA damage to the n-1 shoot 1 Gr Seeds GRA[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA GRA Maximum water use efficiency MaxWi MaxWi[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Forks number NBF NBFO NbFourches NBFO[Adonis] NF INRA 3 Late Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition IBET Inês Chaves N-2W_lent N-2WL[Adonis] EHLD EHLD[Adonis] External hypertrophied lenticels diameter INRA Célia Michotey S_mass INRA/IBET SDM Stem dry mass Stem biomass SDM[Adonis] SDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam 2 2 90° germacrene INRA Célia Michotey Germacrene content Célia Michotey INRA NBASD Number of years sympodic - straight tree NBASD[Adonis] 2 Less vigorous 80_NB[Adonis] BBCH_80 INRA First fruits mature Célia Michotey Célia Michotey ID INRA ID[Adonis] Identification DT[Adonis] DT INRA Célia Michotey Trunk diameter below largest branch WP[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Lamina largest width WP Chalara influence on leaves INRA Célia Michotey C_nbF[Adonis] CHAL_nbF 66_NB[Adonis] 60% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_66 INRA Célia Michotey a.pinene Alpha pinene content INRA Célia Michotey 3 A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown P50 Xylem pressure Célia Michotey INRA P50[Adonis] min5[Adonis] Mean lowest density values min5 INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey varintraBF VI_BF[Adonis] INRA Variance of late wood density values color da barriga BC[Adonis] Inner plank surface color IBET Inês Chaves cor da barriga BC Assimilation rate A A[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Height fork INRA HTF HFO HFO[Adonis] LD Célia Michotey INRA Latent Period LD[Adonis] Less than 10% of affected shoots 1 gC INRA Célia Michotey gC[Adonis] Stomatal conductance to CO2 Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 81 70% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_67 67_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Observed heterozygosity INRA Célia Michotey Ho[Adonis] Ho 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 Célia Michotey First flowers sexually mature INRA BBCH_60 60_NB[Adonis] Absence: no recruit visible 1 Game damage 9 NBRA[Adonis] Ramicorn number INRA Célia Michotey NBRA 1 Tree to cut 36_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 60% of their size BBCH_36 Célia Michotey INRA 5 No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green 100 % feuillé, bien vert Missing data na CHALHOU Crown Chalara INRA Célia Michotey CHALH[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey rege[Adonis] regeneration Natural regeneration Temp_MIN INRA Mean minimum temperature Célia Michotey 1 On some branches 4 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 2H Hydrogen 2 IBET Wood Hydrogen 2 Inês Chaves 2H[Adonis] 2 Codominant tree Marcescent 2 Prec Average rainfall INRA Célia Michotey Chrysomela Chrysomela leaf consumed area INRA CLCA[Adonis] Célia Michotey 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 4 Limonene content Limonene INRA Célia Michotey Mean intrinsic water use efficiency INRA MWi[Adonis] Célia Michotey MWi Angle greater than 55° 4 INRA Célia Michotey ANGn5[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 5 ANG_n5 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 11 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 0,5 NBRACH INRA NBR[Adonis] Rachis number Célia Michotey WoodyPlant ontology IBET Inês Chaves PoLe[Adonis] Pores Length Pores Length Dissolved oxygen content DOC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DOC 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen HI Height increment IH deltaH.F INRA Célia Michotey deltaH IH[Adonis] HPOU IHeight RAM Branching degree INRA Célia Michotey RAM[Adonis] Number of years monopodic - forked tree INRA NBAMF[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBAMF Célia Michotey INRA Plagiotropy PLAG[Adonis] PLAG IBET Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area PN-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves % Prego-R Nail size percentage - Radial section NailInclusionsCoef_R %nail Area_Tr GIB[Adonis] GIB INRA/IBET Game damage Célia Michotey SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC IBET Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Inês Chaves Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying N-Lygn_lent N-LL[Adonis] IBET Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 mer_ls US US[Adonis] Célia Michotey Uredinia size INRA 92_NB[Adonis] BBCH_92 INRA 20% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey IBET enguy Inês Chaves enguy[Adonis] Cork discontinuities At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 49 BBCH_72 20% of fruits reached maximum size 72_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DEF_SEC Célia Michotey INRA Drought damage defects D_S DEF_S[Adonis] 14_NB[Adonis] BBCH_14 40% of leaves/needles out INRA Célia Michotey An Photosynthetic rate IBET Inês Chaves HBM[Adonis] HBM Height first dead branch INRA Célia Michotey 33_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 30% of their size Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_33 NL Number of lobes NL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 34_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 40% of their size BBCH_34 INRA Célia Michotey WV-d IBET Wood vessels diameter Inês Chaves WV-d[Adonis] MARn4[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey MAR_n4 Marcescence - rating on 4 August shots Growth stop AC INRA AC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Branch angle - rating on 4 INRA Célia Michotey ANGn4[Adonis] ANG_n4 Amax Maximum assimilation rate INRA Célia Michotey Amax[Adonis] BBCH_65 Célia Michotey INRA 50% of flowers sexually mature 65_NB[Adonis] INRA BS_s[Adonis] Célia Michotey Budset scoring BS_score Budset NBPS[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBPIEDSUP Number of additional feet INRA %N Leaf nitrogen content INRA %N[Adonis] Célia Michotey %N INRA Mean assimilation rate Célia Michotey Amean Amean[Adonis] Beta caryophyllene content Célia Michotey b.caryophyllene INRA Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 FRU_A[Adonis] Célia Michotey Fructification abundance FRUC_AB INRA 4 Medium 40 - 60% 2 1 Cut 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 4 INRA Flexuosity - rating on 5b Célia Michotey FLX_n5b FLX5b[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Total protein content per leaf dry mass TPCm[Adonis] TPCm SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content IBET Inês Chaves NBASF NBASF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of years sympotic - forked tree INRA 50% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_75 75_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Ill 3 Célia Michotey Frost damage GEL GEL[Adonis] INRA/IBET Observations INRA Célia Michotey DESC COM[Adonis] COM Comments CLL[Adonis] Canker.length canker_length Canker_LL Célia Michotey Canker lesion length INRA/IBET 70% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_77 Célia Michotey 77_NB[Adonis] INRA Shoots at 70% of their size 37_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_37 Célia Michotey More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1 ? 7 Célia Michotey INRA 95_NB[Adonis] 50% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_95 Inês Chaves Terrentas/Barrentas Terrentas/Barrentas IBET Célia Michotey FOR FOR[Adonis] Shape INRA INRA 3Carene Célia Michotey 3 carene content HBV[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey HBV Height first living branch Célia Michotey Nomber of master branches NBBRM[Adonis] INRA NBBRM 88 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_74 INRA Célia Michotey 40% of fruits reached maximum size 74_NB[Adonis] W-w IBET Inês Chaves Wood width W_w[Adonis] Medium 3 INRA het5 het5[Adonis] max5-min5 Célia Michotey INRA NM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen content NM LNC NM.F EPI[Adonis] Epinasty INRA EPI Célia Michotey 4 Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot Dying tree 1 Very strong meander 3 PL-R[Adonis] PoresLength_R Pore_L-R IBET Inês Chaves Pore Length - Radial section Célia Michotey MFL MFL[Adonis] Mean flush length INRA 2 On all branches S/RDM SDM/RDM Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S/RDM[Adonis] Shoot/Root dry mass S:R INRA/IBET 4 Very late INRA Individual slope Célia Michotey slope slope[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey OB Obversity OB[Adonis] Lamina shape Inst_Carbon_eff Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency IBET Inês Chaves nail Area_Tr Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area Prego-Tr Nail size area - Transversal section IBET Inês Chaves NS-Tr[Adonis] 6 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent 77 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Inner plank surface relief IBET BR[Adonis] Inês Chaves Inner plank surface uniformity BR relevo da barriga NF NF[Adonis] Number of flushes INRA Célia Michotey INRA/IBET RDM[Adonis] RDW Root biomass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Root dry mass R_mass RDM LWC[Adonis] LWC% INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf water content DF_n3 INRA Defoliation - rating on 3 Célia Michotey DF_n3[Adonis] entity INRA TPgCm[Adonis] Total pigments content per leaf dry mass TpgCm Célia Michotey CARm[Adonis] Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass INRA CARm Célia Michotey d13Cf discriC13 Célia Michotey delta-13C Leaf carbone isotope discrimination D13C[Adonis] delta C13 INRA/IBET Delta13C Delta.F d13C Marcescence coefficient INRA MAR_coef Célia Michotey MARc[Adonis] mBF mBF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Mean late wood density Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 INRA Célia Michotey Total number of leaves NLV NLV[Adonis] Dominated tree 1 Inês Chaves eels Cork Eelness eels[Adonis] IBET ARM ARM[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Armillaria ARMILL GIBN GIBN[Adonis] INRA Game damage note Célia Michotey 1 Flor %C[Adonis] Leaf carbon content Célia Michotey INRA %C Stomatal index Célia Michotey INRA SI SI[Adonis] 98_NB[Adonis] 80% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_98 Célia Michotey C/N[Adonis] Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N INRA C:N 09 At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. Rubisco content per gram of proteins RQp RQp[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 5 Média 2 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining INRA Allelic richness Célia Michotey AR_bis AR2[Adonis] 3 LWC IBET Inês Chaves Leaf water content nSecBD Number of secondary buds Célia Michotey nSBD[Adonis] INRA INRA Plant width at the soil level R R[Adonis] Célia Michotey Feet number NBP[Adonis] NBPIED Célia Michotey INRA 00 Dormant winter bud WI INRA Withered leaves WI[Adonis] Célia Michotey CRL RQ[Adonis] RQ Rubisco content in leaves INRA Célia Michotey 80% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey 68_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_68 Penetration opposition PIL[Adonis] INRA PIL Célia Michotey elev[Adonis] Célia Michotey Elevation INRA elevation WRP-h WRP-h[Adonis] Wood radial parenchyma high IBET Inês Chaves Crown size crown_size crown[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Crown spread stone[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Soil stone content stone_content Null 0 Diameter largest branch INRA Célia Michotey DGB[Adonis] DGB Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Specific leaf area SLAR SLA[Adonis] INRA/IBET SLA KS Célia Michotey KS[Adonis] Xylem hydraulic conductivity INRA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf area LA INRA/IBET LA[Adonis] LAR nPriBD nPBD[Adonis] INRA Number of primary buds Célia Michotey INRA Shoots at 80% of their size BBCH_38 38_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey NAAT NAAT[Adonis] Number of years with terminal bud accident INRA Célia Michotey 1 presence 10% of shoots at growth stop 40_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_40 Inês Chaves Stem water content SWC IBET Chlorophyll a IBET Chl a Inês Chaves Stem_L IBET Inês Chaves Stem length cover2 Célia Michotey Relative Vegetation/Rock cover cov2[Adonis] INRA 60 - 80% High Numerous branches concentrated at whorls 2 Double feet number INRA NBDP NBDP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Bark roughness BarkR BarkR[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 82_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_82 20% of fruits mature INRA Alive and unfrozen 0 Wood infradensity IBET WID[Adonis] Inês Chaves WID INRA ST[Adonis] Célia Michotey ST Leaf Staining 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 87 varintracerne Intra-ring variance VIC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA PoF[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Frequency Pores Frequency IBET Plant dry weight Dry matter TDM TDM[Adonis] INRA/IBET Total_mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Plant biomass PDW mid[Adonis] Medium ring density Célia Michotey INRA mid INRA soil_depth Célia Michotey Soil depth depth[Adonis] Budflush precocity BF_p[Adonis] BF_prec INRA Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey DEF D_P DEF[Adonis] Plant defects FLO[Adonis] FLO INRA Célia Michotey Blossoming 35 Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Budburst date BF_d[Adonis] BF_date Célia Michotey INRA Budflush date Inflated bud 2 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height 2 Number of sylleptic shoots INRA Sylle[Adonis] Syllep.UK RAMA Syllep.I Syllep Syllep.F Célia Michotey Light meander 1 INRA BBCH_76 Célia Michotey 60% of fruits reached maximum size 76_NB[Adonis] 4 Harvest date RECD INRA Célia Michotey RECD[Adonis] Collar Chalara INRA Célia Michotey CHALCOL CHALC[Adonis] LCH NCI Competition index INRA NCI[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey PR[Adonis] PR Petiole ratio Dead -9 2 5 Tree unharmed, not attacked Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 Célia Michotey BBCH_39 39_NB[Adonis] INRA Shoots at 90% of their size Célia Michotey Number of epicormics INRA nEpis nE[Adonis] Medium heterozygosity 2 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery INRA BBCH_61 61_NB[Adonis] 10% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey ROU[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Rust ROU BF_score_B BF_B[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Bud burst 0 No leaves have fallen S50[Adonis] S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve Célia Michotey INRA INRA Célia Michotey TPCa Total protein content per leaf area TPCa[Adonis] Angle between 30 and 40° 2 Mean stomatal conductance Célia Michotey INRA gwmean[Adonis] gwmean Célia Michotey Buds ready to burst BBCH_03 INRA 03_NB[Adonis] 93 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Inês Chaves Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve IBET FRUCN FRUCN[Adonis] INRA Fructification note Célia Michotey 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 67 Crown dieback dc Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 4 3 High allelic diversity Wood radial parenchyma thickness Inês Chaves WRP-t[Adonis] WRP-t IBET No hypertrophied lenticels 0 LCCm LCCm[Adonis] Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass INRA Célia Michotey L_mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf biomass LDM[Adonis] Leaf dry mass LDM LDW INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Carbon 13 13C d13Cc INRA/IBET 13C[Adonis] Wood carbon 13 Cork plank thickness IBET Cal Caliber Inês Chaves calibre Cal[Adonis] BF_NB[Adonis] BF_BBCH Budflush BBCH INRA Célia Michotey Fixation index Fis[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Fis Célia Michotey INRA SHDM[Adonis] Shoot dry mass SHDM % nail Area_Tr IBET Inês Chaves PN-Tr[Adonis] Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Nail size percentage - Transversal section % Prego-Tr Célia Michotey He2[Adonis] He_bis Expected heterozygosity INRA THL[Adonis] THL INRA Célia Michotey Total hypertrophied lenticels REC[Adonis] Célia Michotey REC INRA Harvest nLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA nLBD Number of latent buds Dead 1 14 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles Uredinia Number INRA Célia Michotey UN UN[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey GOU[Adonis] GOU GOURM Epicormic branches 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 61 Célia Michotey INRA ND ND[Adonis] Number of day to reach budburst 4 No fork Polysacharide cork composition Sacharides_CC IBET Inês Chaves 71 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Number of years monopodic - straight tree NBAMD INRA NBAMD[Adonis] Célia Michotey An_LightCurve_leaf Photosynthetic rate - light curve IBET Inês Chaves An_LightCurve 1 Dormant winter bud INRA ANFO Célia Michotey ANFO[Adonis] Forking year 2 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 5 51 The majority of the flower buds began to swell 1 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference Célia Michotey 15_NB[Adonis] BBCH_15 50% of leaves/needles out INRA 72 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet SACL SACL[Adonis] Leaf saccharose content Célia Michotey INRA Fork still present at the given height [fork height] IBET Inês Chaves Leaf carboxylation efficiency An/Ci IBET Inês Chaves Chlorophyll b Chl b At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 IBET Inês Chaves TSuberin_CC Total suberin content fts Cracks date15 date15.I INRA BS_date Célia Michotey Budset date BS_d[Adonis] date15.3.F date15.UK date15.3 date15.F DCE[Adonis] DCE INRA Célia Michotey Pollarding INRA Allelic richness Célia Michotey AR[Adonis] AR FRUT Célia Michotey INRA Fructification abundance 2 FRUT[Adonis] camphene INRA Célia Michotey Camphene content Damaged tree 2 Soluble protein content per leaf area SPCa[Adonis] INRA SPCa Célia Michotey deltaC.I deltaC.F INRA deltaC Célia Michotey ICIR deltaCIRC ICIR[Adonis] Circumference increment Winter dormant flower bud 50 1 Medium 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch 19_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_19 INRA 90% of leaves/needles out < 5% None 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Chalara easy to see 2 00_NB[Adonis] BBCH_00 Célia Michotey INRA Dormant winter buds Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 33 7 Crown dieback Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content IBET Inês Chaves SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC 4 Green white bud, beginning of leaves WD IBET Inês Chaves WD[Adonis] Wood density DBH[Adonis] Célia Michotey DIA DBH INRA/IBET Tree diameter D WAP-h Wood axial parenchyma high IBET Inês Chaves WAP-h[Adonis] Célia Michotey Temp_MAX INRA Mean maximum temperature BBCH_45 45_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds with juvenile coloration Célia Michotey INRA 2 Strong meander 92 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 3 White bud (hair) QUAL[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves QUAL Cork Quality preguentas/madeirentas IBET Inês Chaves preguentas/madeirentas Lamina basal shape INRA Célia Michotey BS[Adonis] BS Diameter of terminal bud TBD TBD[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Leaves comes out of 10% of buds Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_08 08_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS[Adonis] GS INRA 30% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA 13_NB[Adonis] BBCH_13 Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 39 INRA d.cadidene Célia Michotey Delta cadidene content 1 Dormant winter bud (late flushing) F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch 1 3 60° 3 Groups: presence of scattered groups NailInclusionsCoef_Ta Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section % Prego-Ta Nail size percentage - Tangential section PN-Ta[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves % nail Area_Ta ? 6 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles VI_BI[Adonis] varintraBI Célia Michotey INRA Variance of early wood density values First leaves faded or fallen INRA BBCH_90 Célia Michotey 90_NB[Adonis] Alive and frozen 1 The majority of the flower buds have begun to open 53 Very high 80 - 95% Leaning tree 3 5 Straight 74 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet absence 0 cork H/S/G Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET Inês Chaves 0 Completely defoliated 1 to 2 strong curves 3 Annual increase ACC Célia Michotey INRA ACC[Adonis] 8 ? No marcescent 0 2 Regular 4 Célia Michotey 62_NB[Adonis] BBCH_62 20% of flowers sexually mature INRA ? 0 Angle between 0 and 30° 1 Fructification BBCH FR_NB[Adonis] FRUC_BBCH Célia Michotey INRA gW[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Stomatal conductance to water vapour gW 30 Start of shoot growth Orthotropic 1 Acute angle greater than 45 ° 2 Apical bud red brown 0 3 Polycyclism on lateral shoots only Gs Transpiration rate IBET Inês Chaves 2 Between 30° and 60° 4 Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 97 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_31 INRA Célia Michotey Shoots at 10% of their size 31_NB[Adonis] IBET Nail size Inês Chaves Wood inclusions NS[Adonis] Prego cs Top dry max5[Adonis] Mean strongest density values max5 Célia Michotey INRA IBET Wood vessels cell wall thickness Inês Chaves WV-t[Adonis] WV-CW-t Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area INRA/IBET LNCa LNCa[Adonis] Leaf electron transport rate IBET Inês Chaves ETR Flexuosity - rating on 3 FLX_n3 FLXn3[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 4 ? Maximal ring density ma INRA Célia Michotey ma[Adonis] Sabinene content INRA Célia Michotey sabinene 1 Low heterozygosity Leaf carbon content CM INRA CM.F CM[Adonis] Célia Michotey 0 Nothing, no chalara Célia Michotey FRUC CON Fructification FRUC[Adonis] INRA 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry 3 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles 19 Plagiotropic 0 5 INRA Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves SAR SAR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Média 4 8 1 No damage 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 85 3 Beautiful tree, to keep Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 17 date_cnl Budset date in cumulative night length INRA Célia Michotey BS_date_cnl BScnl[Adonis] Forks number - x-ray INRA Célia Michotey nFork[Adonis] nFork INRA Célia Michotey STOM[Adonis] Stomatal density STOM SCm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Saccharose content per leaf dry mass SCm CHALn3[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey CHAL_n3 Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 SEL Célia Michotey INRA Phenotypic note SEL[Adonis] BBCH_84 INRA Célia Michotey 40% of fruits mature 84_NB[Adonis] 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 30% of fruits mature Célia Michotey INRA 83_NB[Adonis] BBCH_83 CARa Célia Michotey Carotenoid content per leaf area CARa[Adonis] INRA 1 Irregular SW[Adonis] Sinus width SW INRA Célia Michotey 15 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles Formiga Formi[Adonis] Formiga IBET Inês Chaves Flower buds opening BBCH_53 53_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 10 Worst Célia Michotey INRA LDR LDR[Adonis] Lobe depth ratio INRA Célia Michotey Slenderness El HD C_El[Adonis] C_EL Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference 2 94 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 0 Kept Fork 6 Célia Michotey Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels DHL[Adonis] DHL INRA Dead tree 5 3 Very marcescent INRA BiomF BioF[Adonis] BioF Foliar biomass Célia Michotey Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 10 ANGn3[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA ANG_n3 Branch angle - rating on 3 Leaf number Lf IBET Inês Chaves Lf[Adonis] Survival ESb Célia Michotey SURb[Adonis] SURb INRA Health status Net photosynthesis IBET Inês Chaves net_An Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 Célia Michotey INRA CHAL_n5 CHALn5[Adonis] 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 62 Percentage of tension wood Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WT% WTP[Adonis] INRA/IBET 4 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen PL-Ta[Adonis] Pore Length - Tangential section PoresLength_Ta Pore_L-Ta IBET Inês Chaves Vigorous 3 2 F2 fully stretched no bud structure 1 Early Number of primary branching INRA Célia Michotey nP[Adonis] nP 6 Moderate to strong bends (severe) 2 2 Female INRA canopy_projection Canopy projection canop[Adonis] Célia Michotey Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. 03 -5 Doubtful The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 80 0 Nothing Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant 4 Superior 2 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 3 Boa 4 Crown completely green gwmax gwmax[Adonis] Maximum stomatal conductance Célia Michotey INRA 120° 1 acronym 06 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 Few and/or thin branches 1 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves 3 3 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point 4 Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 3 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen Accidentally cut 3 3 ? Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 1 Célia Michotey INRA Canker CANK[Adonis] Cankers 2 Uncertain Healthy, no sore 1 2 0 Alive 2 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) 93_NB[Adonis] BBCH_93 30% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Célia Michotey NBCH NBCH[Adonis] Collar canker number Célia Michotey INRA 2 More than 1 pollarding 20% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 12_NB[Adonis] BBCH_12 INRA Epicormic branches per epicormics rEpiBC rEBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 79 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet RQn Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen RQn[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Mean early wood density INRA Célia Michotey mBI[Adonis] mBI bs CB CB[Adonis] Co Célia Michotey INRA Basal sweep 75 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet NBCON Célia Michotey Nb_cones INRA NBF Fruits/Cones number NbCones NBF[Adonis] Nb_cone Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height 1 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 2 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible 5 Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex Inês Chaves PP[Adonis] %Pores Cork Porosity IBET 5 - 20% Little Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon LN/LC[Adonis] LN/LC Célia Michotey INRA 5 Absolutely straight stem (none) Many and/or large branches 3 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point mi[Adonis] Célia Michotey Minimal ring density INRA mi CR-w Cork ring width CR-w[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves 3 Angle between 40 et 55° Crown without damage 0 6 Between 25 and 50% of the area covered Embossed leaves 6 LWR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey LWR Lobe width ratio 3 Between 60° and 90° (plain) 2 ? 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree 5 3 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen 90 1 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 0 No fruits INRA PV Célia Michotey PV[Adonis] Percentage venation 1 to 2 light curves 4 1 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed INRA 60% of leaves/needles out BBCH_16 16_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 1 Below 30° (steep) photo Célia Michotey photo[Adonis] INRA Photo 2 Average tree INRA BBCH_79 79_NB[Adonis] 90% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey No straight stem (severe) 1 1 Low growth 0 Healthy tree WF-l IBET WF-l[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood fibers lengh 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining 1 0 Monoecious (both male and female) 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 95 2 3 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 Total pigments content per leaf area TPgCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey TPgCa INRA At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales 08 The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 4 5 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles 1 INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_30 30_NB[Adonis] Start of shoot growth 1 Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) 40 73_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_73 Célia Michotey 30% of fruits reached maximum size Doubtful 1 Célia Michotey INRA SEN_BBCH SE_NB[Adonis] Senescence BBCH 78 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 1 4th quarter (below 23°) No polycyclism 0 3 75% of crack bark 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Absence 0 Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve IBET Inês Chaves ? 5 99 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 5 -9 Dead At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 07 Best color 10 The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 70 Fork in lower third of the tree 1 2 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 8 Other 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 76 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip 3 Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels 1 Low allelic diversity 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals 2 3 Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 1 ? Dry or broken crown 1 Perfect 10 Up to 75% of affected shoots 3 3 2 Intermediate 65 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Dry tree 4 4 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 2 na Missing data 66 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. More than 10 non-agglomerated sores 3 Multi strands mbs Moderate damages 2 Straight 0 Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 7 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height 2,5 2 Up to 50% of affected shoots Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 34 3 Crown starts yellowing 32 Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Dead 2 1 Small Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) 2 Hanging down (> 90°) 5 Ramicorn ram 84 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Medium allelic diversity 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated 2 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) 3 fch Forks 91 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 5 Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 0 No branch Dead -5 Big 5 Worst color 0 High heterozygosity 3 Fork in upper third of the trre 3 7 Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 3 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible 3 Totally dry plant 4 1 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot No symptom 0 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 Less than 10% of the area covered 4 5 Very visible leaves Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) 1 20 - 40% Low 1 Dormant winter bud 5 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks 4 4 Thin branches but distributed along the shoot 4 Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. 55 More than 75% of the area covered 8 A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 4 Tree gone 5 Refugo 7 6 Fraca Unscathed tree, without damage 0 98 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 5 No fork 1 Angle close to the right angle 1 Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall 36 Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) no damage 0 Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 38 1 Low marcescence NBVOIS neighbors Alive neighboring trees plant Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_83 evaluation axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h high Wood axial parenchyma high Fructification scoring scale BBCH_95 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass specific area leaf SLA Specific leaf area RDM biomass Weight of the dry root root Root dry mass chlorophyll content LCC leaf Leaf chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content in leaves Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter master branche quantity Master branches quantity NBBRM Budflush scoring scale sur 8 BF Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season wood latewood Latewood density Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring leaf flush length Flush length Mean flush length during the growing season MFL radial parenchyma Wood radial parenchyma thickness thickness WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness branch Reference whorl ANVERE Year of appearance of the reference verticula appearance Weight of the dry stem biomass SDM Stem dry mass stem cork Cork Eelness Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas eels Petiols without leaves leaf petiol Assessment of petiols without leaves PETIOL ring Intra-ring variance wood varintracerne Intra-ring variance cm Calendar day nkat/mg BBCH_08 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales mg/cm2 vEpiBC volume Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches epicormic branche Epicormic branches volume bud NAAT Recording of an accident on the terminal bud accident Terminal bud accident Cork ring width ring width cork Cork ring width CR-w NBUC quantity growth unit Growth unit quantity Assessment of growth units quantity color DHL Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels lenticel Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Chemical content protocol Content measured by chemical analysis quantity shoot Resprout quantity Shoots Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing Abundance scoring scale Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis Prec precipitation Rainfall on the site of the population population Rainfall % flower FLO blossoming Blossoming Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level Degree celsius Alpha copaene content a.copaene molecule content Alpha copaene content leaf Degree Ratio Assessment of the survival state of leaves WI Withered leaves leaf survival Minimal value The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. PriBD Primary bud quantity quantity primary bud BBCH_89 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Virtual plot protocol Girdling index quantity SecBD secondary bud Secondary bud quantity Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. Alpha humulene content leaf a.humulene molecule content Alpha humulene content ‰ g/m2 Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants BBCH_00 evaluation LW width Lobe width Lobe width lobe Senescence BBCH scoring scale Individual elevation elevation plant elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level kg/m3 Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Average meteo value The mean value of a list of measured meteo values d.cadidene molecule content Delta cadidene content Delta cadidene content leaf Stomatal conductance to CO2 stomatal conductance gC Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf leaf heterozygosity Heterozygosity population Heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_72 evaluation leaf Leaf carotenoid content carotenoide content Carotenoid content in leaves CAR FOR Tree shape shape plant Assessment of the shape of the tree None Percentage venation protocol Presence/Absence Computation None lamina Lobe width ratio lobe Lobe width ratio LWR Regeneration scoring scale Chlorophyll protocol Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. HTrunk height Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy Height trunk stem Adaxial epidermal cells epidermal cell Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) EP leaf root Amount of water in roots water content RWC Root water content Slenderness protocol The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol BBCH_39 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Epicormic primary bud quantity primary epicormic bud PriLBD Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time quantity chalara CHAL Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea plant Chalara Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores Bud date protocol plant Plant defects defects DEF Assessment of the plant defects Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. Sympodial growth sympodic plant sympodic BBCH_18 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. quantity seed Assessment of seeds quantity Seeds quantity GRA Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid Suberin Ferulic content Suberin Ferulic content suberin content cork Leaf water content leaf water content Amount of water in leaves LWC Assessment of shoots growth shoot Shoot growth growth DEV Limonene content molecule content leaf Limonene Limonene content Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation Internal CO2 concentration CO2 Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve leaf Ci Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_33 evaluation Fruits/Cones mean Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones BBCH_64 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_70 evaluation Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed Minimal mean value Allelic richness AR Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population allelic richness population Computation per gram of nitrogen None lobe LDR depth Lobe depth ratio Lobe depth ratio Branches angle scoring scale on 3b Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Leaf area protocol suberin content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content cork Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Yes/No lenticel External hypertrophied lenticels diameter EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter diameter Leaf surface surface LS leaf Leaf surface Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the Larch needles coloration AIG needle color Needles coloration BBCH_35 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) b.myrcene Beta myrcene content molecule content leaf Beta myrcene content Canker_LL Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion stem Canker lesion length Mass percentage Circumference of the tree main stem circumference Tree circumference stem CIR Fructification regularity FRUC_REG Regularity of the fructification plant fructification Sequential branches quantity sequential branch SeqBC Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed sequential branch plant Marcescence Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off marcescence MAR leaf Delta15N Delta 15N Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves nitrogen discrimination Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Thinning protocol Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade HR Lamina pubescence lamina pubescence FLX Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree Tree flexuosity flexuosity plant Unknown Unknown Calliper - largest branch protocol Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters quantity ramicorn Assessment of the ramicorn quantity RA Ramicorn quantity Gs Transpiration rate transpiration Transpiration rate leaf Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Cumulative value µm NCI Competition index competition index Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level plant Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_12 evaluation roughness Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark BarkR bark Bark roughness Count Half-day Selection scoring scale BBCH_45 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration Frost damages scoring scale cm3 Branches angle scoring scale on 5 Numerical unknown - 1 decimal pore lenght cork Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores Length Pore lenght Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Assessment of the tree branches density Branching density plant BRA branch length Stem length stem Stem_L Stem length Survival SUR Assessment of the survival state of the tree plant survival Needles coloration scoring scale Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Cork thickness before boiling protocol Assessment of the drying up level of the stem Stem drying up plant DES drying up Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon None Pore lenght protocol plant SEC Assessment of drought damages Drought damage damages Unknown SEL Phenotypic note plant Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection selection Suberin chemical content protocol Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Water content protocol Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree LV leaf quantity Leaf quantity Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding cork cells alongating/expanding Growing lenticel cells N-A&E_lent Additional feet NBPIEDSUP Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage foot quantity quality Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying Tension wood cork WT% Assessment of the sequential branches volume sequential branch quantity vSeqBC Sequential branches volume Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation Diameter of terminal bud bud diameter Terminal bud diameter TBD mm STAT Assessment of the tree status status Tree status plant Number of individuals in the population Number of individuals quantity NbI plant BarkT Bark thickness thickness Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark bark Wood width protocol None Numerical unknown branch RD Shoot diameter Shoot diameter diameter Uredinia Size scoring scale Game damage stem GIB damages Assessment of game damages Identifier BBCH_82 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  Leaf water content protocol Wood density protocol Wood density at 12% moisture content Cover scoring scale Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated Number of repetitions REP replicate plant Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase leaf PEPc enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase quantity epicormic Epis Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. Epicormic quantity None Pore area protocol BBCH_96 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Leaf coloration scoring scale Terpinolene content leaf Terpinolene molecule content Terpinolene content polyphenols Sacharides_CC cork Chemical composition in polysacharide Polysacharide composition Inner plank surface relief Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface BR cork relief Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Canker girdling lesion Canker_G stem Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow competition COMP plant Competition slope Individual slope soil slope Slope angle at the location of the tree Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° quantity fork Fork quantity FO Leaf staining Leaf staining staining leaf ST Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Beta pinene content b.pinene molecule content Beta pinene content leaf Computation per leaf area Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area LL Lamina length length lamina Lamina length Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood WD Wood density density wood mmol H2O m-2 s-1 leaf Soluble protein content in leaves SPC Leaf soluble protein content protein content Cork Porosity protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Temp Temperature Temperature on the site of the population population temperature Fruits/Cones protocol Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Forking index protocol Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase leaf enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR carbon-to-nitrogen ratio leaf C/N C/N Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. BBCH_79 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet X-Ray counting protocol Counting made with X-Ray foot quantity Feet quantity NBPIED Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores suberin content Total suberin content cork Total suberin content diameter Shoot diameter increase branch Shoot diameter increase IRD fork Notation of the fork appearance Forking stem ANFO Branch diameter DB branch diameter Assessment of the diameter of the branch cork Pores area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores Area pore area BBCH_51 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell Rust scoring scale wood hydrogen content Hydrogen content in wood H Wood Hydrogen Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Bark thickness mean cork Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing cell dividing N-div_lent Dividing lenticel cells Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree regeneration regeneration Natural regeneration soil BBCH_37 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Marcescence scoring scale on 6 BBCH_76 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet quality Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage WC% Compression wood cork preguentas/madeirentas quality preguentas/madeirentas Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density cork Comsumed leaf protocol Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_38 evaluation Independant cover protocol Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Survival scoring scale Whorl defects DEF_V default whorl Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. RACH Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade Rachis quantity quantity rachis break Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time bud Budflush date BF_date Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Stomatal conductance to water vapour leaf stomatal conductance gW Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Medium value leaf LC Leaf color Leaf color in autumn color lamina Shape of the lamina Lamina shape BS shape mg/g DW leaf water use Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration Wi Water use efficiency BBCH_74 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Bark thickness protocol Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 nitrogen content Nitrogen content in leaves leaf LNC Leaf nitrogen content armillaria plant ARM Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree Armillaria WCC Cork chemical composition in cellulose cellulose content Cellulose wood composition wood Woodpecker status cork quality The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. Woodpecker mg/g BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. None Debarking protocol Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH A assimilation Assimilation rate Assimilation rate leaf Aspect protocol The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope height HT plant Tree height Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown None Wood fiber protocol BBCH_94 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Budset protocol Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Lamina largest width width WP lamina Largest width of the lamina Stem water content water content SWC stem Amount of water in the stem Lobe quantity Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina quantity lobe NL suberin content Suberin Oleic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Suberin Oleic content cork Wood vessels cell wall thickness wood vessel Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-CW-t cell wall thickness bud Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time budset BS_date Budset date Branching scoring scale on 3 height plant Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem Height increment IH Phenols_CC Chemical composition in polyphenols polyphenols Polyphenols composition cork Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Vol Volume volume Hour Ring surface ring surface Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant wood surf Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale break Assessment of the bud break level Budflush bud BF_score Forking scoring scale on 4 quantity EpiBC epicormic branch Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure Epicormic branches quantity Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Cork industrial quality protocols Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death plant Senescence senescence SEN BBCH_67 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) Canopy projection crown diameter canopy_projection method_of Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity Cork plank uniformity protocol Competition scoring scale mol.m-2.s-1 Shape scoring scale Dissolved oxygen content in leaves leaf Dissolved oxygen content oxygen content DOC Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Leaf relative water content protocol Spike protocol Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. ECL thinning Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place plant Thinning Budflush BBCH scoring scale Height fork HFO height fork Insertion height of the fork Nail size protocol None Forking score protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Branches angle scoring scale on 4 Shoot dry mass SHDM Shoot dry mass dry mass shoot Fis Fixation index population Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population panmixia mm2 mm - no decimal Crown size protocol Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure AVP Ability to vegetative propagation BBCH_98 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Debarking scoring scale Cork annual growth growth Annual increment of cork rings thickness cork Cork AG uredinia UN number Uredinia Number Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus cork Suberin Alkanols content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols suberin content Suberin Alkanols content Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics rEpiBC epicormic branche Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics epicormic vpm [C02] Lobe ratio protocol None µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 BBCH_75 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet SW Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf width sinus Sinus width Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Pole protocol Visual count Visual count Number Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_93 evaluation Gamma cadidene content leaf Gamma cadidene content molecule content g.cadidene Comments observation Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal COM plant Stable isotope analysis None cm2 BBCH_49 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature Soil water availability Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Alpha cubebene content leaf molecule content a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content Regularity scoring scale mg/L µmol CO2 / mmol H2O Canker quantity Canker Assessment of canker quantity canker quantity Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Maximal meteo value BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Increase protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Identification plant Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree identification ID Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Day number protocol Shoot length LPOUS Total length of the shoot shoot length biomass S/RDM Shoot to Root dry weight ratio shoot/root Shoot/Root dry mass Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_84 evaluation Visual assessment Visual assessment number Buds at the terminal cluster bud Number of buds at the terminal cluster TB Variance Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values plant forks position Assessment of forks position on the tree FO_score Forking score Budflush scoring scale on 3 Measurement None circumference ICIR Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem Circumference increment stem quality QUAL cork Cork quality Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found plant observation photo Photo BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Cork thickness after boiling protocol To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Defects scoring scale Stomatal index SI stomatal index Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area leaf Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. BBCH_03 evaluation inclination Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches Sequential branches angle aSeqBC branch Curves scoring scale on 5 plant Tree growth GR Assessment of the growth of the tree growth Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene Beta caryophyllene content leaf molecule content Penetration opposition PIL pilodyn Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration stem Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus US Uredinia Size uredinia size Assessment of the stop of shoots growth growth AC shoot Growth stop Assessment of double feet quantity DP double feet Double feet quantity quantity g Damage scoring scale Broadleaves budflush scoring scale scale_of Assessment of alleles quantity in the population quantity Alleles quantity allele NbA Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Branching habit scoring scale Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol BBCH_88 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) RAM Branching degree branching Branching degree plant Pollarding scoring scale None Ring width protocol None Wood infradensity protocol Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Canker lesion length protocol Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Calendar year Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Uredia number protocol Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cork cell with secondary wall deposition Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol NPQ Non-photochemical quenching leaf quenching Non-photochemical quenching Monopodic growth monopodic plant monopodic Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant Leaf counting protocol VER Measurement of the deviation from the verticality Deviation from verticality deviation verticality plant Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy Trunk height protocol Calliper protocol Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol Leaf mass per leaf area leaf mass/area Leaf mass per leaf area LMA parts per million (ppm) Flexuosity protocol Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Tolerance plant Tol Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants tolerance linha fruit fructification FRUC Fructification Assessment of the fructification area Total area of the leaf leaf Leaf area LA latency LD Latent Period Latency measured against a given rust strain plant chlorophyll content Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue leaf Chl b stone content stone_content Stone content in the soil around the tree Soil stone content soil Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number CHAL_nbF chalara leaf Chalara influence on leaves Frost damage GEL plant damages Assessment of frost damages Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation Forking index Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position forking index FO_index plant None Wood vessel protocol Wood parenchyma protocol None Drought defects scoring scale quality Formiga status Formiga The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue cork Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer Plant height protocol Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Mean value Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol Stomatal density stomatal density STOM leaf Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration ESP Cork plant thickness thickness Cork plank thickness cork rubisco content leaf Leaf rubisco content Rubisco content in leaves RQ Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Drought damages scoring scale Branches angle protocol 2 Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale suberin content Suberin Enedioic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Enedioic content cork Maximal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed BBCH_61 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BRR Straightened branch straightening branch Assessment of straightened branch wood ring Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant B Ring density Cork Porosity porosity cork %Pores Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 Pores Roundness Pores roundness cork Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. pore roundness Alpha pinene content Alpha pinene content leaf a.pinene molecule content Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Slope protocol Cobrilha status Cobrilha quality The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene cork SAR leaf enzymatic activity Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves Specific activity of rubisco in leaves Computation per leaf dry mass Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. plant PLAG geotropism Plagiotropy survival SUR Assessment of the health status related to red band disease plant Health status red strip Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Basal sweep protocol Colorimetric protocol Colorimetric determination biomass LDM leaf Leaf dry mass Weight of the dry leaf None None stem Stem diameter Diameter of the tree main stem D diameter Soil depth Soil depth around the tree soil_depth soil depth None Lenticels protocol Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. BBCH_09 evaluation Tree ring width Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree TRW wood ring width Pigments content in leaves leaf pigment content Leaf pigments content TPgC Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Canopy projection protocol Leaf mass/area protocol The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging None Epicormic percentage protocol NV leaf vein Intercalary veins quantity quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_65 evaluation branch HB height Height of the branch Branch height Geotropism scoring scale Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase enzymatic activity GO leaf Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Blossoming scoring scale petiol PL length Petiole length Petiole length Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Leaf perimeter Leaf perimeter leaf perimeter LP secondary epicormic bud SecLBD Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time quantity Epicormic secondary bud quantity m Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown BioF foliar biomass Foliar biomass plant Pores frequency cork Pores Frequency pore frequency Number of pores in frame area Branching scoring scale on 5 Leaf surface protocol None A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. cork Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas quality Terrentas/Barrentas Allelic richness scoring scale Primary branching quantity primary branching nP Assessment of primary branching quantity quantity Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content suberin content cork Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content cm2/g BBCH_53 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open NID Nests quantity quantity Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree nest SEX Sex determination Determination of the tree sex sex plant Index None saccharose content leaf SACL Leaf saccharose content Saccharose content in leaves ETR protocol Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II Gradians µmol electron m-2 s-1 Epinasty EPI Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward epinasty leaf Budflush scoring protocol Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale quantity Sylleptic shoots quantity sylleptic shoot Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Syllep BBCH_40 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) Chalara scoring scale on 3 molecule content Germacrene content Germacrene content leaf germacrene Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface Mean wood density Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Radial section protocol Obversity protocol None Slope of the vulnerability curve slope Slope of the vulnerability curve S50 vulnerability curve Pore roundness protocol None Survival state scoring scale Wood radial parenchyma high radial parenchyma WRP-h high Wood radial parenchyma high branch ANG Branch angle angle Assessment of the branches angle leaf Chl a/b Chlorophyll a to b ratio chlorophyll content Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue BBCH_63 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Budset scoring scale Chalara scoring scale on 5 Epinasty scoring scale Annual increase ACC Annual increase increase hemicellulose content Hemicellulose wood composition WHC Hemicellulose wood composition wood Competition protocol The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue chlorophyll content Chl a leaf Precocity scoring scale BBCH_01 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell Measured below the terminal bud Shoot diameter protocol Vegetation/Rock cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree cover cover soil bud survival TE Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem Terminal bud status Status scoring scale cell lygnifying cork Lygnifying lenticel cells N-Lygn_lent Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Cork plank color scoring scale leaf Camphene content camphene Camphene content molecule content Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood H/S/G molecule content plant flush Assessment of flushes during the growing season NF Flush Rust plant Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) rust ROU Chrysomela leaf consumed area leaf Chrysomela consumed area Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) cork Nail inclusions Area of the nail inclusions nail inclusions Prego Collar diameter protocol Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Repetitions protocol BBCH_99 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_32 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) wood earlywood Earlywood density Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season BI None Lobe depth protocol Collar protocol Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar WF-t wood Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness fiber thickness slenderness Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter Slenderness plant C_El width Wood width wood Wood width W-w diameter Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter wood vessel WV-d Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_86 evaluation BBCH_62 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid suberin content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content cork leaf Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inst_Carbon_eff Thinning scoring scale het5 None Pilodyn protocol Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions BBCH_92 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell µmol.m-2.s-1 Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_36 evaluation g/100g NADH protocol Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. Sex scoring scale crown dieback Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed Crown dieback DC nitrogen/carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon LN/LC leaf Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_11 evaluation Net photosynthesis net_An Net photosynthesis dm Crown scoring scale X-Ray protocol Observation made by X-Ray Bark roughness scoring scale Defoliation scoring scale on 5 None Petiol ratio protocol Leaf electron transport rate Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf ETR electron transport leaf Cork age protocol None Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chlorophyll ratio protocol wood infradensity WID Wood infradensity Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood soil water availability Soil water availability SWA Amount of water present in the soil Minimal meteo value The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values WAP-t thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness axial parenchyma Growth BBCH scoring scale Budburst scoring scale Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_16 evaluation BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth Distance individual/neighbor plant Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors neighbor distance distance suberin content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine Suberin Tyramine content Suberin Tyramine content Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_60 evaluation bud budset BS_score Assessment of the budset level Budset Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II leaf PhiPS2 Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII photosystem II BBCH_91 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell None Quenching protocol Basal sweep CB stem basal curve Assessment of the basal curve Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_34 evaluation Sampling Individuals sampling for a specific study ECH plant selection Cork discontinuities protocol None REC sampling plant Harvest Sample(s) collected on the tree Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation Expert visual assessment for cork belly color Cork plank color protocol Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) SLA protocol Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents wood S/G Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents molecule content suberin content cork Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid GS Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Enzymatic activity of Glutamine leaf enzymatic activity Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk cork color BC Inner plank surface color CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale Blossoming BBCH scoring scale BBCH_85 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Marcescence scoring scale on 3 Fructification BBCH scoring scale Dry matter biomass plant Weight of the plant dry matter TDM azimuth azimuth Individual aspect soil The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree Year PV Percentage venation venation leaf Percentage venation BBCH_68 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Abundance in crown scoring scale BBCH_55 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. leaf Carboxylation efficiency An/Ci carboxylation efficiency POLY polycyclism Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season Polycyclism nature plant THL Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues quantity lenticel Hypertrophied lenticels quantity Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation None Cork ring width protocol Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Capillary electrophoresis Photosystem II operating efficiency leaf photosystem II AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency plant Assessment of the tree defoliation DF defoliation Defoliation wood C Carbon content in wood Wood Carbon content carbon content cork age scoring scale Growth scoring scale BBCH_71 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Suberin Glycerol content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol Suberin Glycerol content suberin content cork Forking scoring scale on 5 Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Stem length protocol Coefficient of the budflush precocity bud break bud Budflush precocity BF_prec mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_17 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation cork N-debark Debarkings quantity debarking Assessment of debarkings quantity Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf CO2 light response curve leaf TPC Protein content in leaves protein content Leaf protein content Photosynthetic rate An photosynthetic rate leaf The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Fork height protocol fiber lengh WF-l wood Wood fibers lengh Wood fibers lengh Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_15 evaluation variable_of Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Maximal value Day Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves leaf carbon discrimination Delta C13 Delta13C pruning Secateur knocks number Number of secateur knocks when shaping plant NBS Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 cm-2 pé de linha Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha spread crown_size Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width Crown size crown Heterozygosity scoring scale Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area counting protocol Neighbor distance protocol Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation plant Plant width at the soil level in spring width R Plant width at the soil level petiol PR Petiole ratio Petiole ratio Carbon content in leaves Leaf carbon content carbon content leaf CM Crown chalara scoring scale Senescence scoring scale Cork plank uniformity protocol Eelness scoring score Polycyclism scoring scale Xylem hydraulic conductivity xylem hydraulic conductivity KS Xylem hydraulic conductivity Measured by leaves weighing Biomass protocol Branching habit branch Branching habit BRAH Drying up scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_13 evaluation molecule content Sabinene content leaf sabinene Sabinene content BBCH_07 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 3Carene 3 carene content leaf 3 carene content molecule content Cork discontinuities discontinuities cork Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced enguy Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation Tolerance protocol Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 P50 Xylem pressure presure xylem Xylem pressure Branch diameter scoring scale Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). Caliber Cal cork thickness Detailed survival scoring scale Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_87 evaluation Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time CNL protocol Survival scoring scale 2 None Computation per gram of protein Ribbon 130cm protocol Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Number/area epicormic bud quantity Epicormic bud quantity Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time LBD Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_78 evaluation Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Calliper 130cm protocol Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_77 evaluation m2.MPa-1.s-1