BBCH_81 81_NB[Adonis] 10% of fruits mature Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey 34_NB[Adonis] BBCH_34 INRA Shoots at 40% of their size Inês Chaves % Prego-R PN-R[Adonis] %nail Area_Tr Nail size percentage - Radial section IBET Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area NailInclusionsCoef_R Leaf carbon content Célia Michotey CM CM.F INRA CM[Adonis] INRA Prec Average rainfall Célia Michotey Crown dieback DC DCI Célia Michotey INRA/IBET DC[Adonis] INRA RQm RQm[Adonis] Célia Michotey Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass ST[Adonis] INRA Leaf Staining ST Célia Michotey D15N[Adonis] INRA delta N15 Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination Célia Michotey d15N Delta15N mi[Adonis] Minimal ring density mi Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey DT[Adonis] INRA Trunk diameter below largest branch DT RD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Diameter below terminal bud RD Leaf carbon content %C[Adonis] %C Célia Michotey INRA INRA BBCH_99 99_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 90% of leaves faded or fallen CONREC INRA NBREC[Adonis] NBREC Harvest number Célia Michotey INRA/IBET LAR Leaf area LA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LA[Adonis] INRA 80% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_78 78_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of sylleptic shoots Syllep.UK RAMA Célia Michotey Syllep.F Sylle[Adonis] Syllep.I Syllep INRA COMP[Adonis] Competition Célia Michotey INRA COMP 1 Angle between 0 and 30° Green 1 Célia Michotey gC INRA Stomatal conductance to CO2 gC[Adonis] WAP-t[Adonis] Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t Inês Chaves IBET Inês Chaves Leaf relative water content IBET LRWC Limonene content Célia Michotey Limonene INRA Survival rate SUR_R[Adonis] SUR_Rate INRA Célia Michotey INRA 60% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_96 96_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Pore_L-R PL-R[Adonis] Pore Length - Radial section IBET PoresLength_R Inês Chaves 70% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_77 77_NB[Adonis] IBET Cobrilha Cobri[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cobrilha INRA NF NBFO[Adonis] NbFourches NBFO NBF Célia Michotey Forks number min5 INRA Mean lowest density values min5[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf_CO2_curve Inês Chaves Leaf CO2 light response curve IBET INRA CHALB CHAB[Adonis] CHALinf Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree lower part Célia Michotey INRA NBCH[Adonis] NBCH Collar canker number DCS Crown dieback status INRA DCS[Adonis] Célia Michotey 1 Medium INRA Rust ROU Célia Michotey ROU[Adonis] 82_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_82 20% of fruits mature HPR[Adonis] INRA HPR Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Célia Michotey Shoots at 20% of their size Célia Michotey BBCH_32 32_NB[Adonis] INRA 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch Health status red strip Célia Michotey ESBR ESBR[Adonis] INRA -5 Doubtful PL Célia Michotey Petiole length PL[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey INRA Armillaria ARM[Adonis] ARMILL ARM BF_score_CO Célia Michotey BF_CO[Adonis] INRA Conifers budflush scoring VI_BI[Adonis] Célia Michotey varintraBI INRA Variance of early wood density values Number of primary branching nP INRA nP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey ANGn5[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 5 INRA ANG_n5 Camphene content camphene Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Number of years with terminal bud accident INRA NAAT[Adonis] NAAT Célia Michotey 31_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 10% of their size INRA BBCH_31 Very vigorous 4 DV_NB[Adonis] Growth BBCH Célia Michotey DEV_BBCH INRA INRA PETIOL P_F[Adonis] Petiols without leaves Célia Michotey P_F Inês Chaves CR-w[Adonis] Cork ring width CR-w IBET Inês Chaves WRP-h IBET Wood radial parenchyma high WRP-h[Adonis] 2 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible HTF HFO INRA Height fork HFO[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Straightened branch BRR[Adonis] INRA BRR DEVFO Célia Michotey DEVFO[Adonis] Become of fork INRA Célia Michotey gwmean[Adonis] gwmean INRA Mean stomatal conductance INRA/IBET DESN Célia Michotey DESN[Adonis] Stem drying up grading ANVERE Year reference whorl INRA Célia Michotey AVR[Adonis] Fork 6 Thinning CLOI ECL Célia Michotey ECL[Adonis] INRA Independant Vegetation/Rock cover Célia Michotey cov1[Adonis] cover1 INRA INRA ANFO[Adonis] ANFO Célia Michotey Forking year BBCH_01 Célia Michotey 01_NB[Adonis] INRA Buds swelling Célia Michotey 75_NB[Adonis] BBCH_75 INRA 50% of fruits reached maximum size GBRA Branche diameter DBRA[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DBRA Inês Chaves SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC IBET Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Célia Michotey FOSn5[Adonis] FO_score_n5 INRA Forking score - rating on 5 Amax Amax[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Maximum assimilation rate F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 Bark thickness mean BarkT_mean Célia Michotey INRA BT_m[Adonis] Célia Michotey Sabinene content INRA sabinene 0 Alive Inês Chaves Suberin Enedioic content SuberinEnedioicA_CC IBET INRA/IBET Height.UK Height.F HT[Adonis] TH H HT Tree total height Height.I Célia Michotey 3 75% of crack bark Slenderness HD El Célia Michotey C_El[Adonis] C_EL INRA INRA RQ Célia Michotey CRL Rubisco content in leaves RQ[Adonis] INRA ma[Adonis] Maximal ring density ma Célia Michotey 80 The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) LNCm[Adonis] INRA/IBET Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA RA[Adonis] Ramicorn RA Célia Michotey 1H Wood Hydrogen 1 Inês Chaves Hydrogen 1 1H[Adonis] IBET Penetration opposition PIL[Adonis] INRA PIL Célia Michotey Célia Michotey BBCH_30 30_NB[Adonis] Start of shoot growth INRA SEX[Adonis] INRA Sex determination SEX Célia Michotey SLA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SLA[Adonis] Specific leaf area SLAR INRA/IBET Dissolved oxygen content DOC[Adonis] INRA DOC Célia Michotey BBCH_97 Célia Michotey INRA 97_NB[Adonis] 70% of leaves faded or fallen 85_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_85 INRA 50% of fruits mature INRA NL[Adonis] NL Célia Michotey Number of lobes 1 Healthy Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves DIA_C[Adonis] RCD DCOL CD INRA/IBET DIACOL Root collar diameter DIA_col INRA PV[Adonis] PV Célia Michotey Percentage venation INRA rEpiBC Epicormic branches per epicormics rEBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Inês Chaves IBET SWC Stem water content Shape FOR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey FOR LNC Célia Michotey NM.F NM[Adonis] INRA NM Leaf nitrogen content Lamina length INRA LL Célia Michotey LL[Adonis] D_P INRA Célia Michotey DEF Plant defects DEF[Adonis] nFork INRA Forks number - x-ray Célia Michotey nFork[Adonis] Célia Michotey LCCa INRA Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area LCCa[Adonis] 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves SEN[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Senescence SEN 75 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet INRA THL[Adonis] Total hypertrophied lenticels Célia Michotey THL Célia Michotey DES INRA DES[Adonis] Number of dry years on the stem INRA BBCH_89 90% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 89_NB[Adonis] INRA LP[Adonis] Leaf perimeter LP Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Phenotypic note INRA SEL SEL[Adonis] CLCA[Adonis] Chrysomela leaf consumed area Célia Michotey INRA Chrysomela Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 32 Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 CHAL_n3 INRA CHALn3[Adonis] Célia Michotey 6 Dead tree 5 10_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey First leaves/needles out INRA BBCH_10 WV-t[Adonis] IBET Wood vessels cell wall thickness WV-CW-t Inês Chaves Delta cadidene content d.cadidene Célia Michotey INRA NS-R[Adonis] Nail size area - Radial section IBET nail Area_R Prego-R Wood inclusions area - Radial section Inês Chaves Polysacharide cork composition Inês Chaves IBET Sacharides_CC ? 6 Nests number Célia Michotey NBN INRA NBN[Adonis] NBNPRO Célia Michotey INRA BS[Adonis] BS Lamina basal shape 5 The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing Célia Michotey SCm Saccharose content per leaf dry mass SCm[Adonis] INRA Carbon 12 Inês Chaves IBET 12C[Adonis] 12C Wood Carbon 12 NBASD[Adonis] INRA NBASD Number of years sympodic - straight tree Célia Michotey Célia Michotey MaxWi[Adonis] INRA MaxWi Maximum water use efficiency 4 IBET Inês Chaves Suberin Ferulic content SuberinFerulicA_CC Célia Michotey 64_NB[Adonis] INRA 40% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_64 BBCH_17 Célia Michotey 17_NB[Adonis] 70% of leaves/needles out INRA Wood infradensity Inês Chaves WID[Adonis] WID IBET 1 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed Wood density WD Inês Chaves WD[Adonis] IBET IBET Suberin Glycerol content Inês Chaves SuberinGlycerol_CC 3 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes 49 At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature INRA elev[Adonis] Elevation elevation Célia Michotey INRA EHLD[Adonis] Célia Michotey EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter BFSn3[Adonis] Célia Michotey BF_score_n3 INRA Budflush scoring - rating on 3 Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section NailInclusionsCoef_Ta Nail size percentage - Tangential section PN-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET % nail Area_Ta % Prego-Ta NBF_mean Célia Michotey Fruits/Cones number mean NBF_m[Adonis] INRA INRA Detailed health status ESD[Adonis] Célia Michotey ESDET IBET Pore_Round-Tr PR-Tr[Adonis] PoresRoundness_Tr Pore Roundness - Transverse section Inês Chaves 72 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Soil stone content Célia Michotey INRA stone_content stone[Adonis] Phenols_CC Polyphenols cork composition Inês Chaves IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LWC[Adonis] Leaf water content LWC% INRA/IBET bs INRA Co Basal sweep Célia Michotey CB[Adonis] CB IBET PorosityCoef_Ta % Pore-Ta PP-Ta[Adonis] % Pore size - Tangential section Inês Chaves deltaH.F HI IHeight Célia Michotey HPOU deltaH Height increment INRA IH[Adonis] IH LB LONG LPOUS INRA Shoot length LPOUS[Adonis] Célia Michotey Branch length BRA_n5 INRA BRAn5[Adonis] Branching - rating on 5 scales Célia Michotey BRAH[Adonis] Célia Michotey BRAH INRA Branching habit 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) Inês Chaves Non-photochemical quenching NPQ IBET INRA BBCH_71 Célia Michotey 71_NB[Adonis] 10% of fruits reached maximum size Branches number NBBR NBBRA Célia Michotey NBBR[Adonis] INRA Whorl defects INRA NBDEF_V NDEFV[Adonis] Célia Michotey Cork Quality QUAL IBET QUAL[Adonis] Inês Chaves NBRA Ramicorn number Célia Michotey NBRA[Adonis] INRA Budset date date15.F BS_d[Adonis] date15.I date15 Célia Michotey date15.3 INRA date15.3.F date15.UK BS_date Pubescence along the veins Célia Michotey HRn[Adonis] INRA HRn Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height 1 INRA BBCH_19 19_NB[Adonis] 90% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA NbA NbA[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of alleles Célia Michotey LS LS[Adonis] INRA Leaf surface 38_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_38 Shoots at 80% of their size INRA SW[Adonis] Sinus width SW Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_03 03_NB[Adonis] Buds ready to burst Dry tree 4 Angle between 30 and 40° 2 INRA Célia Michotey POLY[Adonis] POLY Polycyclism nature Mean minimum temperature Temp_MIN Célia Michotey INRA Foliar biomass Célia Michotey BiomF BioF[Adonis] INRA BioF Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot 1 53_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_53 Flower buds opening Shoot dry mass Célia Michotey SHDM SHDM[Adonis] INRA INRA EPI Epinasty Célia Michotey EPI[Adonis] 2 Abundant CHAL_n5 CHALn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 INRA IBET PoA[Adonis] Pores Area Inês Chaves Pores Area N-2WL[Adonis] Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent IBET NBCHA Canker number Canker_nb NBCH Célia Michotey INRA CNB[Adonis] Tree gone 5 BBCH_39 Shoots at 90% of their size Célia Michotey 39_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DEF_SEC D_S INRA Drought damage defects DEF_S[Adonis] Transpiration rate Inês Chaves IBET Gs Inês Chaves Stem length Stem_L IBET IRD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Increase of diameter below the apical bud drd Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N[Adonis] Célia Michotey C:N INRA C/N Célia Michotey INRA 60% of fruits mature 86_NB[Adonis] BBCH_86 DHL INRA DHL[Adonis] Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Célia Michotey WCC INRA/IBET WCC[Adonis] Cellulose wood composition Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated 2 2 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Tree total height in m HTm[Adonis] HTm Hm WF-l Wood fibers lengh Inês Chaves WF-l[Adonis] IBET < 5% None Full cover > 95% 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 3 Célia Michotey 33_NB[Adonis] BBCH_33 INRA Shoots at 30% of their size Célia Michotey DIA DBH DBH[Adonis] D INRA/IBET Tree diameter Célia Michotey LCC LCC[Adonis] INRA Leaf chlorophyll content 69 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. espessura depois de cozido IBET cork thickness after boiling Inês Chaves ESP_B[Adonis] ESP_B The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 4 GELN Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Frost damage note GELN[Adonis] Wood fibers thickness WF-t[Adonis] IBET WF-t Inês Chaves 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 2 Number of latent primary buds nPriLBD nPLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 5 ? IBET 2H[Adonis] 2H Hydrogen 2 Inês Chaves Wood Hydrogen 2 INRA VIC[Adonis] Intra-ring variance varintracerne Célia Michotey LNCa Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area LNCa[Adonis] INRA/IBET N-deb[Adonis] IBET N-debark Inês Chaves Number of debarkings 1 Angle close to the right angle N-LL[Adonis] N-Lygn_lent IBET Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying Inês Chaves INRA b.myrcene Beta myrcene content Célia Michotey Shoot/Root dry mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S/RDM[Adonis] S/RDM INRA/IBET S:R SDM/RDM INRA 80_NB[Adonis] First fruits mature BBCH_80 Célia Michotey White bud (hair) 3 Mean strongest density values INRA max5[Adonis] max5 Célia Michotey LW[Adonis] Lobe width LW Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey ANGn3[Adonis] ANG_n3 Branch angle - rating on 3 INRA IBET PL-Tr[Adonis] Pore_L-Tr Inês Chaves PoresLength_Tr Pore Length - Transversal section Early 1 Canker.length Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Canker lesion length CLL[Adonis] Canker_LL canker_length Number of intercalary veins INRA NV Célia Michotey NV[Adonis] HRf[Adonis] Pubescence in lamina central part INRA HRf Célia Michotey PDW INRA/IBET TDM[Adonis] TDM Plant dry weight Dry matter Total_mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Plant biomass TPCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey TPCm Total protein content per leaf dry mass INRA Stomatal conductance to water vapour INRA gW[Adonis] Célia Michotey gW INRA Xylem pressure P50 P50[Adonis] Célia Michotey 8 Defoliation - rating on 5 Célia Michotey DF_n5 INRA DF_n5[Adonis] 1 Low marcescence ID Célia Michotey Identification INRA ID[Adonis] Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 4th quarter (below 23°) 1 espessura Inês Chaves Cork thickness before boiling ESP thickness ESP[Adonis] IBET Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC IBET Inês Chaves Less than 10% of affected shoots 1 Inês Chaves Formiga Formi[Adonis] IBET Formiga Célia Michotey REP[Adonis] INRA Number of repetitions REP Nothing, no chalara 0 4 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 11_NB[Adonis] INRA 10% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey BBCH_11 Inês Chaves WAP-h Wood axial parenchyma high IBET WAP-h[Adonis] Pore-R Pore size - Radial section Inês Chaves P-R[Adonis] IBET PoresArea_R Inês Chaves Ci Internal CO2 concentration IBET Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS INRA GS[Adonis] IBET net_An Net photosynthesis Inês Chaves INRA NBRACH Rachis number NBR[Adonis] Célia Michotey ? 8 SPCa SPCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Soluble protein content per leaf area 20% of leaves faded or fallen INRA BBCH_92 Célia Michotey 92_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey FR_NB[Adonis] Fructification BBCH INRA FRUC_BBCH Célia Michotey 40_NB[Adonis] 10% of shoots at growth stop INRA BBCH_40 Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 39 Mean ring density mpond[Adonis] Célia Michotey mpond INRA HGB[Adonis] Height largest branch HGB Célia Michotey INRA Damaged tree 2 Thin and few branches 5 nSBC[Adonis] nSeqBC Célia Michotey Number of sequential branches INRA NBAMD Célia Michotey Number of years monopodic - straight tree INRA NBAMD[Adonis] IBET Terrentas/Barrentas Inês Chaves Terrentas/Barrentas FRUCN[Adonis] Célia Michotey Fructification note INRA FRUCN Célia Michotey Lamina largest width WP WP[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Expected heterozygosity INRA He2[Adonis] He_bis 30% of fruits mature BBCH_83 INRA 83_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 06 mBF Célia Michotey INRA mBF[Adonis] Mean late wood density IBET PP-R[Adonis] PorosityCoef_R % Pore-R Inês Chaves % Pore size - Radial section Célia Michotey PEPc[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase INRA PEPc 2 Doubtful NBCON NBF Nb_cones Célia Michotey Nb_cone Fruits/Cones number NbCones NBF[Adonis] INRA Plagiotropic 0 STOM Célia Michotey Stomatal density INRA STOM[Adonis] INRA HBV[Adonis] Height first living branch HBV Célia Michotey Cork annual growth Inês Chaves CAG[Adonis] IBET Cork AG AnnualGrowth INRA DGB[Adonis] Diameter largest branch DGB Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Dormant winter buds INRA 00_NB[Adonis] BBCH_00 Moderate to strong bends (severe) 2 IBET Wood radial parenchyma thickness WRP-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves WRP-t LN/LC[Adonis] Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Célia Michotey LN/LC INRA SDM SDM[Adonis] INRA/IBET Stem biomass Stem dry mass SDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S_mass TBD[Adonis] TBD Célia Michotey Diameter of terminal bud INRA INRA/IBET Girth at 1m Circum.F CIR1[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Circum.I Tree circumference at 1m CIR1 Circum.UK 4 No fork Célia Michotey aspect INRA expo[Adonis] Individual aspect L_mass LDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Leaf dry mass LDM LDW INRA/IBET Leaf biomass Célia Michotey Number of years sympotic - forked tree NBASF[Adonis] INRA NBASF 50 Winter dormant flower bud Célia Michotey BF_score_B INRA Bud burst BF_B[Adonis] Inês Chaves WUE[Adonis] Water use efficiency WUE IBET Alpha humulene content Célia Michotey INRA a.humulene GOURM INRA GOU[Adonis] Epicormic branches GOU Célia Michotey 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 67 2 Célia Michotey NCI Competition index INRA NCI[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf saccharose content SACL[Adonis] INRA SACL Célia Michotey Number of resprouts INRA Shoots.F Shoots.I Shoots.UK Shoot[Adonis] Shoots nSBD[Adonis] nSecBD INRA Number of secondary buds Célia Michotey More than 1 pollarding 2 TpgCm Célia Michotey Total pigments content per leaf dry mass INRA TPgCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey aSeqBC INRA Sequential branches angle aSBC[Adonis] LD Latent Period Célia Michotey LD[Adonis] INRA LWC Inês Chaves Leaf water content IBET INRA BBCH_51 Flower buds swelling 51_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Terpinolene content Célia Michotey INRA Terpinolene Crown completely yellow 2 CIBAS CIR_Base Tree circumference at the collar CIR_B[Adonis] Célia Michotey CBAS CIRC_B CCO CIR_B INRA Number of flushes NF INRA NF[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Leaf nitrogen content %N[Adonis] %N %N Célia Michotey 7 Almost spread leaves, start of shoot nPBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA nPriBD Number of primary buds INRA MAR_n6 Marcescence - rating on 6 MARn6[Adonis] Célia Michotey 5 Big Crown spread crown_size Célia Michotey crown[Adonis] Crown size INRA Leaning tree 3 INRA Circumference increment deltaC deltaCIRC Célia Michotey deltaC.F deltaC.I ICIR ICIR[Adonis] INRA Budflush precocity BF_prec BF_p[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey cover2 INRA cov2[Adonis] Relative Vegetation/Rock cover TE[Adonis] Célia Michotey TE Terminal bud dead INRA 38 Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Crown completely green 4 Célia Michotey UN[Adonis] INRA UN Uredinia Number na Missing data 80% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey 68_NB[Adonis] BBCH_68 INRA IBET SuberinOleicA_CC Suberin Oleic content Inês Chaves WI WI[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Withered leaves 95 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell cs Top dry Célia Michotey BRA_n3 INRA BRAn3[Adonis] Branching - rating on 3 IBET Inês Chaves Soil water availability SWA Inner plank surface color BC Inês Chaves BC[Adonis] cor da barriga IBET color da barriga 10 Best color LCCm[Adonis] Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass LCCm Célia Michotey INRA Intermediate 2 Forking score - rating on 4 FOSn4[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FO_score_n4 Tol INRA Tolerance tol[Adonis] Célia Michotey HBM Célia Michotey Height first dead branch HBM[Adonis] INRA Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam 2 No hypertrophied lenticels 0 Flexuosity - rating on 5b Célia Michotey INRA FLX_n5b FLX5b[Adonis] AC Célia Michotey Growth stop August shots AC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Budburst date BF_d[Adonis] INRA Budflush date BF_date 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 66 Fis[Adonis] Fixation index Fis Célia Michotey INRA 53 The majority of the flower buds have begun to open Game damage GIB GIB[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Chalara very present 3 Célia Michotey Number of epicormic branches nEBC[Adonis] INRA nEpiBC Inês Chaves Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET cork H/S/G 0 Smooth bark, no cracks Game damage 9 INRA surf Célia Michotey surf[Adonis] Ring surface Average tree 2 LCH INRA Collar Chalara CHALCOL Célia Michotey CHALC[Adonis] NID[Adonis] NID Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Nests presence 80% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey INRA 18_NB[Adonis] BBCH_18 FRU_A[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FRUC_AB Fructification abundance 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 0 Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) R R[Adonis] Célia Michotey Plant width at the soil level INRA Regular 2 1 Smooth bark, some cracks Célia Michotey BBCH_61 10% of flowers sexually mature INRA 61_NB[Adonis] mBI Célia Michotey mBI[Adonis] INRA Mean early wood density 3 Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 5 7 Crown dieback 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree 5 Célia Michotey Lobe depth ratio LDR[Adonis] INRA LDR 3 Accidentally cut BF_score_BL Broadleaves budflush scoring Budflush.F DEB Bud burst Budflush BF_BL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Budflush.I Budflush.UK Bud break Harvest date INRA RECD[Adonis] RECD Célia Michotey regeneration Natural regeneration INRA rege[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA COM[Adonis] COM DESC Comments Observations Célia Michotey Cut 1 08_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_08 INRA Leaves comes out of 10% of buds 2 2 At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales 08 Low growth 1 0 no damage 2 Chalara easy to see SI SI[Adonis] Célia Michotey Stomatal index INRA BS_s[Adonis] Budset Célia Michotey BS_score Budset scoring INRA Célia Michotey 13_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_13 30% of leaves/needles out Inês Chaves SuberinAlkanols_CC Suberin Alkanols content IBET 1 Dormant winter bud IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood Inês Chaves wood S/G INRA BBCH_07 50% of buds burst 07_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey REC[Adonis] Harvest INRA REC Caliber calibre Cal Cal[Adonis] IBET Cork plank thickness Inês Chaves 1 Low heterozygosity Pore_Round-Ta IBET PR-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves PoresRoundness_Ta Pore Roundness - Tangential section Angle greater than 55° 4 INRA VI_BF[Adonis] Variance of late wood density values varintraBF Célia Michotey 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 61 Célia Michotey 20% of fruits reached maximum size INRA BBCH_72 72_NB[Adonis] INRA nEpis nE[Adonis] Number of epicormics Célia Michotey Status STAT[Adonis] Célia Michotey STAT INRA More than 75% of the area covered 8 GIBN GIBN[Adonis] Célia Michotey Game damage note INRA SEC SEC[Adonis] INRA/IBET FSE Célia Michotey FS Drought damage Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WHC[Adonis] INRA/IBET WHC Hemicellulose wood composition Total pigments content per leaf area TPgCa[Adonis] INRA TPgCa Célia Michotey Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Inês Chaves SuberinAlkanoicA_CC IBET Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot 4 Vol Vol[Adonis] Volume Célia Michotey INRA 40 - 60% Medium Célia Michotey CIR[Adonis] INRA Tree circumference C130 Tree girth Ci130 CIR 5 Tree unharmed, not attacked Célia Michotey 14_NB[Adonis] 40% of leaves/needles out BBCH_14 INRA Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey CARm[Adonis] INRA CARm ACC[Adonis] Annual increase ACC Célia Michotey INRA Temp_MAX INRA Mean maximum temperature Célia Michotey 2 Medium heterozygosity nSLBD[Adonis] nSecLBD Célia Michotey INRA Number of latent secondary buds NBV[Adonis] Alive neighboring trees NBVOIS Célia Michotey INRA Pore_L-Ta PL-Ta[Adonis] Pore Length - Tangential section PoresLength_Ta IBET Inês Chaves Xylem hydraulic conductivity Célia Michotey KS INRA KS[Adonis] INRA NBAMF[Adonis] NBAMF Number of years monopodic - forked tree Célia Michotey Célia Michotey SUR[Adonis] INRA/IBET SUR ES S MOR Health status Survival Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 4 Pores Roundness PoR[Adonis] Pores Roundness IBET Inês Chaves DCE Célia Michotey Pollarding DCE[Adonis] INRA Dead -5 92 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell FLX_n3 Célia Michotey FLXn3[Adonis] Flexuosity - rating on 3 INRA 1 On some branches S50[Adonis] Slope of the vulnerability curve Célia Michotey S50 INRA 35 Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 70% of flowers sexually mature INRA 67_NB[Adonis] BBCH_67 Célia Michotey Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 31 INRA PR PR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Petiole ratio [fork height] Fork still present at the given height IBET Cork Eelness eels eels[Adonis] Inês Chaves Blossoming BBCH INRA FLO_BBCH Célia Michotey FL_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA/IBET GEL[Adonis] Frost damage GEL INRA mid mid[Adonis] Célia Michotey Medium ring density Forks fch 0 Straight 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 INRA a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content Célia Michotey 4 Very late 4 Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 07 At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. No damage 1 Chalara on the tree upper part INRA CHAH[Adonis] Célia Michotey CHALHa CHALH Growth unit number NBUC Célia Michotey NBUC[Adonis] INRA Inês Chaves IBET Pore Roundness - Radial section PoresRoundness_R PR-R[Adonis] Pore_Round-R BarkR Célia Michotey BarkR[Adonis] INRA Bark roughness Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_65 50% of flowers sexually mature 65_NB[Adonis] IBET N-A&E_lent Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding Inês Chaves N-AEL[Adonis] Delta.F d13Cf Leaf carbone isotope discrimination discriC13 delta C13 D13C[Adonis] Delta13C Célia Michotey delta-13C d13C INRA/IBET A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown 3 Multi strands mbs 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl Tree to cut 1 3 More than 10 non-agglomerated sores BarkT[Adonis] Célia Michotey BarkT INRA Bark thickness Plagiotropy Célia Michotey INRA PLAG PLAG[Adonis] FRUT[Adonis] FRUT Célia Michotey Fructification abundance 2 INRA Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 37 Célia Michotey INRA Germacrene content germacrene Inês Chaves IBET AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles 13 CHALH[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Crown Chalara CHALHOU Stem_D Inês Chaves IBET Stem diameter The majority of the flower buds began to swell 51 Inês Chaves preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas IBET Alpha copaene content Célia Michotey a.copaene INRA IBET Pores Length Inês Chaves Pores Length PoLe[Adonis] date_cnl BScnl[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Budset date in cumulative night length BS_date_cnl 2 90° INRA Soil depth depth[Adonis] soil_depth Célia Michotey Late 3 Budflush BBCH BF_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BF_BBCH INRA Wood vessels diameter WV-d[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET WV-d entity 10% of the bud burst 06_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_06 INRA INRA Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa[Adonis] Célia Michotey RQa DF_n3[Adonis] Célia Michotey DF_n3 INRA Defoliation - rating on 3 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 99 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot 1 Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section Nail size percentage - Transversal section Inês Chaves PN-Tr[Adonis] % nail Area_Tr IBET % Prego-Tr NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Inês Chaves Prego Wood inclusions NS[Adonis] Nail size IBET INRA 3 carene content 3Carene Célia Michotey NBPIED INRA NBP[Adonis] Feet number Célia Michotey Groups: presence of scattered groups 3 Célia Michotey BBCH_12 20% of leaves/needles out INRA 12_NB[Adonis] NSEC[Adonis] INRA Drought damage note SECN Célia Michotey INRA AR_bis Célia Michotey Allelic richness AR2[Adonis] INRA photo Photo photo[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA COUL LC[Adonis] Leaf color LC Célia Michotey 93_NB[Adonis] BBCH_93 30% of leaves faded or fallen INRA All buds dormant or just enlarged 1 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 4 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant Up to 50% of affected shoots 2 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen TB TB[Adonis] INRA Number of buds at the terminal cluster Célia Michotey 6 Fraca A few fruits in a small section of the crown 1 nLBD Célia Michotey nLBD[Adonis] INRA Number of latent buds Chalara influence on leaves Célia Michotey C_nbF[Adonis] CHAL_nbF INRA 8 Spread leaves, long shoot W-w W_w[Adonis] IBET Wood width Inês Chaves 85 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Chl a/b IBET Chlorophyll a to b ratio Inês Chaves 45 At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 3 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) 2 10 Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. No fruits 0 Ho INRA Observed heterozygosity Ho[Adonis] Célia Michotey F2 fully stretched no bud structure 2 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 INRA b.pinene Beta pinene content Célia Michotey 1 Doubtful 2 Between 30° and 60° NBPIEDSUP NBPS[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Number of additional feet BBCH_87 Célia Michotey INRA 87_NB[Adonis] 70% of fruits mature INRA He[Adonis] Expected heterozygosity He Célia Michotey 09 At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. ND[Adonis] ND Célia Michotey INRA Number of day to reach budburst 70_NB[Adonis] BBCH_70 Célia Michotey First fruits reached maximum size INRA Célia Michotey DIST DIST[Adonis] INRA Distance individual/neighbor Inst_Carbon_eff IBET Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inês Chaves Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 36 a.pinene INRA Alpha pinene content Célia Michotey Fructification regularity INRA FRU_R[Adonis] FRUC_REG Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA Total protein content per leaf area TPCa TPCa[Adonis] INRA AR AR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Allelic richness Uncertain 2 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 34 Célia Michotey FO[Adonis] Fork INRA FO 78 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Inês Chaves RWC IBET Root water content Lf[Adonis] Inês Chaves Leaf number IBET Lf 74 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 3 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 86 Cankers CANK[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Canker 0 Healthy tree INRA/IBET Root dry mass RDM Root biomass R_mass RDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves RDW 79 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet INRA CON Fructification FRUC FRUC[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey A Assimilation rate A[Adonis] MAR_coef MARc[Adonis] INRA Marcescence coefficient Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA 79_NB[Adonis] 90% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_79 INRA Lobe width ratio LWR[Adonis] LWR Célia Michotey ANG_n3b Célia Michotey Branch angle - rating on 3 INRA Angle[Adonis] No fork 5 Epicormic branch volume INRA vEpiBC vEBC[Adonis] Célia Michotey An_LightCurve_leaf An_LightCurve IBET Photosynthetic rate - light curve Inês Chaves Célia Michotey 55_NB[Adonis] BBCH_55 INRA Floral buds emerged but closed 2 Medium allelic diversity Null 0 Fork in upper third of the trre 3 3 Inês Chaves Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET cork S/G BBCH_94 INRA 40% of leaves faded or fallen 94_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 2 INRA Seeds GRA Célia Michotey Gr GRA[Adonis] 2 Dead 88_NB[Adonis] BBCH_88 Célia Michotey 80% of fruits mature INRA 50% of buds with juvenile coloration Célia Michotey INRA 45_NB[Adonis] BBCH_45 INRA FLX_n5 Flexuosity - rating on 5 FLXn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey Secateur knocks number Célia Michotey NBS TAI INRA NBS[Adonis] TSuberin_CC Total suberin content Inês Chaves IBET 5 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered Dominant tree 3 4 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 49_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_49 INRA 50% of buds lignified and mature 0 Alive and unfrozen Unscathed tree, without damage 0 Dormant winter bud (late flushing) 1 Significant damages 3 Célia Michotey Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves SAR[Adonis] INRA SAR Célia Michotey INRA 60% of fruits reached maximum size 76_NB[Adonis] BBCH_76 ? 7 3 ? Perfect 10 3 IBET Inês Chaves Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Dead 1 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 98 Célia Michotey US US[Adonis] mer_ls Uredinia size INRA 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 76 Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen RQn[Adonis] INRA RQn Célia Michotey IBET SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Inês Chaves INRA BBCH_84 40% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 84_NB[Adonis] 4 Totally dry plant Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 nail Area_Ta Prego-Ta Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area NS-Ta[Adonis] IBET Nail size area - Tangential section Inês Chaves An IBET Photosynthetic rate Inês Chaves No branch 0 Branching degree Célia Michotey INRA RAM RAM[Adonis] 0 Apical bud red brown 5 BBCH_69 INRA 90% of flowers sexually mature 69_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 4 100 % feuillé, bien vert 5 No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 90_NB[Adonis] BBCH_90 Célia Michotey First leaves faded or fallen INRA Low allelic diversity 1 5 Média INRA Marcescence - rating on 4 MAR_n4 MARn4[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Shoots at 50% of their size INRA BBCH_35 35_NB[Adonis] 5 Inês Chaves Leaf carboxylation efficiency IBET An/Ci vSBC[Adonis] vSeqBC INRA Sequential branches volume Célia Michotey GR GR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Tree growth Vigor INRA INRA Budflush scoring - rating on 8 BF_score_n8 DEBFAGUS BFSn8[Adonis] Célia Michotey 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip 2 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls Woodpecker Woodp[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Woodpecker Pica-pau 30% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey BBCH_63 INRA 63_NB[Adonis] Low 20 - 40% NBDP NBDP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Double feet number INRA Percentage of late wood INRA pBF pBF[Adonis] Célia Michotey RW Growth ring width TRW[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Tree ring width Annual ring width ARW TRW I INRA/IBET 0 Alive BBCH_62 20% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey 62_NB[Adonis] INRA 1 Flor Moderate damages 2 Chlorophyll b IBET Inês Chaves Chl b Célia Michotey Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass INRA SPCm SPCm[Adonis] AVP Célia Michotey INRA Ability to vegetative propagation AVP[Adonis] DP[Adonis] INRA Double feet DP Célia Michotey IBET % Pore size - Transversal section Inês Chaves PP-Tr[Adonis] % Pore-Tr PorosityCoef_Tr MWi Célia Michotey Mean intrinsic water use efficiency MWi[Adonis] INRA Height trunk HTrunk Célia Michotey INRA HTr[Adonis] presence 1 Below 30° (steep) 1 70 The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 AIG[Adonis] INRA Needles coloration Célia Michotey AIG 4 Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 40% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_74 74_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Very high 80 - 95% 65 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Hanging down (> 90°) 5 60° 3 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 IBET Cork Porosity PP[Adonis] %Pores Inês Chaves 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch Refugo 7 INRA Number of individuals NbI[Adonis] Célia Michotey NbI meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) 3 IBET Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area Nail size area - Transversal section NS-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves Prego-Tr nail Area_Tr Medium 3 6 Between 25 and 50% of the area covered INRA CARa[Adonis] Carotenoid content per leaf area CARa Célia Michotey IBET Chlorophyll a Inês Chaves Chl a 0 Completely defoliated Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected 4 37_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots at 70% of their size INRA BBCH_37 INRA/IBET WT% Percentage of tension wood Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WTP[Adonis] d13Cc INRA/IBET Wood carbon 13 Carbon 13 13C[Adonis] 13C Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves N-div_lent Inês Chaves N-DL[Adonis] Lenticels : number of cells dividing IBET 4 Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 83 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Suberin Tyramine content IBET Inês Chaves SuberinTyramine_CC 3 High heterozygosity Canker girdling index Canker_GI girdling_index CGI[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Girdling.index 2 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 5 Very visible leaves Percentage of compression wood WCP[Adonis] WC% Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET 9 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 LMA[Adonis] INRA Leaf mass per leaf area LMA Célia Michotey 1 Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 80% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_98 Célia Michotey INRA 98_NB[Adonis] 5 Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) Célia Michotey 15_NB[Adonis] 50% of leaves/needles out INRA BBCH_15 Fork in lower third of the tree 1 4 Thin branches but distributed along the shoot 15 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles Small 1 canop[Adonis] Canopy projection Célia Michotey canopy_projection INRA 2 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining Little 5 - 20% 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery SEN_BBCH SE_NB[Adonis] Senescence BBCH Célia Michotey INRA Beautiful tree, to keep 3 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent 6 4 Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 1 Irregular INRA 36_NB[Adonis] BBCH_36 Célia Michotey Shoots at 60% of their size PoF[Adonis] Pores Frequency IBET Pores Frequency Inês Chaves 17 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 16 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles Amean Amean[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Mean assimilation rate 3 Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) gwmax[Adonis] Célia Michotey Maximum stomatal conductance INRA gwmax Absolutely straight stem (none) 5 5 4 ? 0 ? 0 absence INRA BBCH_91 10% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey 91_NB[Adonis] Beta caryophyllene content INRA b.caryophyllene Célia Michotey NLV Célia Michotey Total number of leaves INRA NLV[Adonis] attribute ECH ECH[Adonis] Célia Michotey Sampling INRA INRA 66_NB[Adonis] 60% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_66 Célia Michotey A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 4 4 Less than 10% of the area covered 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 0 Nothing IBET enguy[Adonis] Cork discontinuities Inês Chaves enguy 5 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles IBET P-Tr[Adonis] Pore size - Transversal section Pore-Tr Inês Chaves PoresArea_Tr Célia Michotey BBCH_73 30% of fruits reached maximum size 73_NB[Adonis] INRA 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference INRA 09_NB[Adonis] BBCH_09 50% of buds with leaves coming out Célia Michotey FO_i[Adonis] Forking index Fork_index FO_index Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Branch angle - rating on 4 INRA ANG_n4 ANGn4[Adonis] INRA VER[Adonis] Célia Michotey VER Deviation from verticality 81 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 0 Crown without damage INRA 50% of leaves faded or fallen 95_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_95 Canker_LLC Canker cumulative length Célia Michotey CLLC[Adonis] INRA CCH 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 62 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 6 ETR IBET Leaf electron transport rate Inês Chaves 33 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) het5 max5-min5 Célia Michotey het5[Adonis] INRA -9 Dead 1 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining Célia Michotey INRA Gamma cadidene content g.cadidene Lamina shape OB[Adonis] Célia Michotey OB Obversity INRA Orthotropic 1 Scattered: few, scattered individuals 2 INRA NBBRM NBBRM[Adonis] Nomber of master branches Célia Michotey On no branches 0 4 Média ESb SURb[Adonis] SURb Health status Survival Célia Michotey INRA Light meander 1 Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content IBET SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Inês Chaves Dying tree 1 40 At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) INRA Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO[Adonis] Célia Michotey GO ram Ramicorn INRA First flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey BBCH_60 60_NB[Adonis] BBCH_50 INRA Dormant winter flower bud 50_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 7 Between 50 and 75% of the area covered Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Inês Chaves PhiPS2 IBET 2 Little early 11 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 90 The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain 1 3 Crown starts yellowing A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 00 Dormant winter bud 1 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry 3 2 slope[Adonis] Célia Michotey Individual slope slope INRA Missing data na Few and/or thin branches 1 2 1 to 2 very strong curves INRA FLO[Adonis] Blossoming Célia Michotey FLO Inês Chaves relevo da barriga Inner plank surface relief BR Inner plank surface uniformity IBET BR[Adonis] 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 84 Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 Cracks fts 4 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant 30 Start of shoot growth INRA RQp RQp[Adonis] Célia Michotey Rubisco content per gram of proteins More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 1 6 Embossed leaves 1 Dry or broken crown INRA BBCH_16 60% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 16_NB[Adonis] IBET Pore size -Tangential section PoresArea_Ta P-Ta[Adonis] Pore-Ta Inês Chaves 93 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 3 Very strong meander 4 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks 68 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 1 ? MFL Mean flush length MFL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 94 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Absence 0 2 Acute angle greater than 45 ° 2 Inflated bud 3 High allelic diversity On all branches 2 120° 1 Straight 5 Superior 2 Crown dieback dc 7 71 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 2 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height 4 1 to 2 light curves 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 91 1 damage to the n-1 shoot EP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area INRA EP 14 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles 3 Boa 2 Marcescent 2 Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 4 3 Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks 2 0 Kept 2 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect -9 Dead 3 1 to 2 strong curves 3 Many and/or large branches ? 2 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 60 1 Alive and frozen 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 1 Absence: no recruit visible Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall 1 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point Ill 3 12 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 WoodyPlant ontology 55 The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. Green white bud, beginning of leaves 4 0 Worst color Fork in middle third of the tree 2 3 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point Angle between 40 et 55° 3 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 88 0 No marcescent 3 Very marcescent F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 0,5 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 1 More than 2 very strong curves Dormant winter bud 1 1 Dominated tree 4 Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 2 Less vigorous No leaves have fallen 0 2,5 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height High 60 - 80% 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 63 Female 2 Monoecious (both male and female) 0 2 Strong meander 19 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles No symptom 0 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 77 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. 03 Up to 75% of affected shoots 3 1 Healthy, no sore 1 Male 1 96 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell No polycyclism 0 3 Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible No straight stem (severe) 1 acronym 1 pollarding 1 Other 8 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 97 1 10 Worst Codominant tree 2 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 1 Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 3 Vigorous Acute angle less than 45 ° 3 Polycyclism on lateral shoots only 3 64 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 2 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 1 Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet water use Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration leaf Wi Water use efficiency thickness BarkT Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark Bark thickness bark Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_99 evaluation Branch angle ANG branch angle Assessment of the branches angle Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol branch Shoot diameter increase IRD diameter Shoot diameter increase Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_92 evaluation preguentas/madeirentas Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density preguentas/madeirentas quality cork Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_39 evaluation stem Assessment of game damages Game damage damages GIB Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Branches angle protocol 2 P50 Xylem pressure xylem Xylem pressure presure Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_67 evaluation Unknown Unknown BBCH_13 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. Abundance scoring scale WC% quality cork Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage Compression wood het5 None Uredinia Number Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus UN number uredinia Unknown area LA Total area of the leaf Leaf area leaf Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_34 evaluation Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced cork enguy Cork discontinuities discontinuities survival SUR Assessment of the health status related to red band disease Health status red strip plant Wood radial parenchyma thickness radial parenchyma thickness Wood radial parenchyma thickness WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma high radial parenchyma WRP-h high Wood radial parenchyma high Visual count Visual count thickness axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve slope S50 Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding cells alongating/expanding cork N-A&E_lent Growing lenticel cells Status scoring scale Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) BBCH_40 evaluation Survival scoring scale 2 Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO enzymatic activity leaf cork suberin content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content PR petiol Petiole ratio Petiole ratio % cell dividing N-div_lent cork Dividing lenticel cells Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing leaf quenching Non-photochemical quenching Non-photochemical quenching NPQ Count Heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population heterozygosity population Heterozygosity Deviation from verticality Measurement of the deviation from the verticality plant deviation verticality VER Wood fiber protocol None Percentage venation venation Percentage venation PV leaf leaf molecule content Germacrene content germacrene Germacrene content bud budset BS_score Budset Assessment of the budset level plant Assessment of the plant defects defects DEF Plant defects Virtual plot protocol Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale NBVOIS Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree plant Alive neighboring trees neighbors Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper protocol Sabinene content leaf Sabinene content molecule content sabinene Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Canker lesion length stem Canker_LL lesion Visual assessment Visual assessment Wood density Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood density wood WD plant COM Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal observation Comments Regularity scoring scale pore lenght Pore lenght Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores Length cork mm Chemical content protocol Content measured by chemical analysis mol.m-2.s-1 Straightened branch Assessment of straightened branch branch straightening BRR leaf molecule content Beta myrcene content Beta myrcene content b.myrcene Assessment of the tree branches density branch plant BRA Branching density carbon content Carbon content in wood C wood Wood Carbon content Slope angle at the location of the tree soil slope Individual slope slope cork Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Half-day Mass percentage Lenticels protocol None Sequential branches quantity SeqBC sequential branch sequential branch Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed Competition protocol The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_18 evaluation Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid Suberin Ectadecanedioid content cork suberin content Lamina pubescence lamina pubescence Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade HR leaf PhiPS2 photosystem II Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_94 evaluation Intra-ring variance ring wood Intra-ring variance varintracerne elevation plant elevation Individual elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Cork thickness after boiling protocol suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Suberin Oleic content Suberin Oleic content cork None Cork ring width protocol plant Forking score forks position Assessment of forks position on the tree FO_score Presence/Absence The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene Cobrilha status quality cork Cobrilha canopy_projection Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) Canopy projection diameter crown Armillaria plant ARM Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree armillaria Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_64 evaluation BF_prec bud bud break Budflush precocity Coefficient of the budflush precocity Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed crown DC Crown dieback dieback Branching habit scoring scale BBCH_75 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet STAT status Tree status plant Assessment of the tree status Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant Leaf counting protocol Double feet quantity double feet quantity Assessment of double feet quantity DP Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 g TRW ring width Tree ring width wood Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree uredinia size US Uredinia Size Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus Forking scoring scale on 4 None Pore lenght protocol IH Height increment Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem height plant Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics rEpiBC epicormic epicormic branche Branching scoring scale on 5 Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions Pilodyn protocol BBCH_74 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Photo photo Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found plant observation Minimal mean value Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed NV quantity leaf vein Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins Intercalary veins quantity cork Suberin Alkanols content suberin content Suberin Alkanols content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols replicate Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated REP plant Number of repetitions height Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy Height trunk HTrunk stem Pore roundness protocol None leaf Alpha copaene content Alpha copaene content a.copaene molecule content Computation per leaf area Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area variable_of Maximal value The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Sinus width Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf width SW sinus Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Capillary electrophoresis Cork plank color scoring scale Calendar day m Quenching protocol None Leaf relative water content protocol Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. Spike protocol Petiols without leaves Assessment of petiols without leaves leaf petiol PETIOL leaf molecule content Alpha cubebene content Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene SWA Soil water availability Amount of water present in the soil water availability soil Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area counting protocol Delta 15N leaf Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves nitrogen discrimination Delta15N nest Nests quantity NID quantity Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree W-w Wood width wood Wood width width Number/area Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Dry weight protocol Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Slope protocol Needles coloration scoring scale pruning NBS Number of secateur knocks when shaping Secateur knocks number plant Drought defects scoring scale soil Soil depth soil_depth Soil depth around the tree depth BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) leaf Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf electron transport Leaf electron transport rate ETR µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper - largest branch protocol plant SEX Determination of the tree sex sex Sex determination depth Lobe depth ratio Lobe depth ratio lobe LDR BBCH_07 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Drying up scoring scale WV-CW-t wood vessel Wood vessels cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness cell wall thickness Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth BBCH_30 evaluation Aspect protocol The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope Blossoming scoring scale Hemicellulose wood composition wood hemicellulose content Hemicellulose wood composition WHC nP Primary branching quantity quantity Assessment of primary branching quantity primary branching Uredia number protocol Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_62 evaluation Pores roundness pore roundness Pores Roundness Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. cork Detailed survival scoring scale WF-t wood fiber thickness Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness Damage scoring scale rachis Rachis quantity RACH quantity Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade Suberin chemical content protocol Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis BBCH_10 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. Stomatal index stomatal index SI Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area leaf Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales BBCH_08 evaluation Computation None None Computation per gram of protein Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Independant cover protocol high Wood axial parenchyma high Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h axial parenchyma FO fork Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° quantity Fork quantity Senescence plant Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death SEN senescence Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Day number protocol photosystem II Photosystem II operating efficiency Photosystem II operating efficiency leaf AnII_Ef bud BF_date Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time Budflush date break Flush length Mean flush length during the growing season flush length leaf MFL mg/g Survival Assessment of the survival state of the tree SUR survival plant BBCH_06 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Cork Porosity protocol width lamina WP Largest width of the lamina Lamina largest width Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant B ring wood Ring density Leaf color in autumn leaf color LC Leaf color Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation mm - no decimal Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_17 evaluation NBUC Assessment of growth units quantity Growth unit quantity quantity growth unit Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid cork suberin content Suberin Enedioic content Suberin Enedioic content hydrogen content H wood Hydrogen content in wood Wood Hydrogen Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Mean value Cumulative value Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Chlorophyll ratio protocol Chlorophyll a to b ratio Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree plant ID identification Identification Branch diameter scoring scale Measurement None Terpinolene content Terpinolene leaf molecule content Terpinolene content Cork age protocol None N-debark Debarkings quantity debarking Assessment of debarkings quantity cork CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) Tol Tolerance tolerance plant Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  Leaf water content protocol Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season POLY plant polycyclism Polycyclism nature BarkR Bark roughness Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark bark roughness Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_86 evaluation Day chalara leaf Chalara influence on leaves Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number CHAL_nbF None Petiol ratio protocol Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open BBCH_53 evaluation Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Formiga The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue quality cork Formiga status Cork plant thickness cork Cork plank thickness thickness ESP leaf Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon nitrogen/carbon LN/LC kg/m3 Assimilation rate assimilation leaf A Assimilation rate CNL protocol Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_87 evaluation Suberin Ferulic content suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid cork Suberin Ferulic content quantity canker Assessment of canker quantity Canker quantity Canker g/m2 Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_60 evaluation Xylem hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS hydraulic conductivity xylem Degree celsius Increase protocol Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell BBCH_51 evaluation Cork discontinuities protocol None BBCH_61 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content cork suberin content AVP Ability to vegetative propagation Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure Seeds quantity seed quantity GRA Assessment of seeds quantity Carbon content in leaves leaf Leaf carbon content CM carbon content Budflush scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. porosity Cork Porosity %Pores cork Secondary bud quantity quantity Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. secondary bud SecBD Neighbor distance protocol Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents molecule content Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents wood S/G Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches vEpiBC volume Epicormic branches volume epicormic branche BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Drought damages scoring scale Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. plant sympodic Sympodial growth sympodic aSeqBC branch Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches inclination Sequential branches angle Budflush scoring scale sur 8 leaf Nitrogen content in leaves nitrogen content Leaf nitrogen content LNC Canopy projection protocol Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time SecLBD secondary epicormic bud Epicormic secondary bud quantity quantity Rust plant rust ROU Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) plant C_El slenderness Slenderness Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter RDM Root dry mass Weight of the dry root biomass root Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Crown size protocol color lenticel DHL Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol Competition scoring scale Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Vol volume Volume Earlywood density Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season BI earlywood wood Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population Allelic richness AR allelic richness population surf wood ring surface Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring surface Polyphenols composition cork polyphenols Chemical composition in polyphenols Phenols_CC Ratio Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation Lygnifying lenticel cells cork cell lygnifying Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying N-Lygn_lent Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) SLA protocol Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Budset date BS_date bud budset Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time Year Individual aspect azimuth The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree azimuth soil Growth scoring scale cm g/100g leaf Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. C/N carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon Budflush BBCH scoring scale Additional feet NBPIEDSUP quantity Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage foot RAM plant branching Branching degree Branching degree Collar diameter protocol Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_98 evaluation water content stem SWC Stem water content Amount of water in the stem Colorimetric determination Colorimetric protocol epicormic bud quantity Epicormic bud quantity Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time LBD None Obversity protocol ICIR stem Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem circumference Circumference increment Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR leaf Ring width protocol None Branches angle scoring scale on 5 Primary bud quantity PriBD primary bud quantity Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. Epinasty scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker lesion length protocol Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_63 evaluation Master branches quantity quantity NBBRM master branche Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter leaf carboxylation efficiency An/Ci The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. Carboxylation efficiency quality Woodpecker The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. cork Woodpecker status cm2/g Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. PLAG Plagiotropy geotropism plant None Wood vessel protocol Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content suberin content Diameter of terminal bud diameter TBD Terminal bud diameter bud Carotenoid content in leaves CAR carotenoide content leaf Leaf carotenoid content NCI plant competition index Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level Competition index Identifier Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Medium value Observation made by X-Ray X-Ray protocol molecule content a.pinene Alpha pinene content Alpha pinene content leaf forking index plant Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position Forking index FO_index Chl a Chlorophyll a leaf Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue chlorophyll content Stable isotope analysis None Debarking protocol None plant MAR Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off marcescence Marcescence Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_70 evaluation Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale Budflush scoring protocol Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Computation per leaf dry mass mg/g DW BBCH_36 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II ETR protocol diameter WV-d Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter wood vessel Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inst_Carbon_eff carboxylation efficiency leaf Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_91 evaluation Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Bark thickness protocol Assessment of the fructification Fructification fruit FRUC fructification soil Vegetation/Rock cover cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree cover Pollarding scoring scale SACL Saccharose content in leaves leaf saccharose content Leaf saccharose content Marcescence scoring scale on 6 Limonene content Limonene content Limonene molecule content leaf The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values Minimal value Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale GS enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of Glutamine leaf Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_89 evaluation Cork ring width cork Cork ring width ring width CR-w Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width crown_size spread Crown size crown ‰ Pole protocol Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation ECH Sampling plant Individuals sampling for a specific study selection d.cadidene leaf molecule content Delta cadidene content Delta cadidene content Suberin Glycerol content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol cork Suberin Glycerol content suberin content Leaf water content Amount of water in leaves water content leaf LWC Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Comsumed leaf protocol Plant width at the soil level R plant width Plant width at the soil level in spring Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Leaf area protocol Curves scoring scale on 5 Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree quantity NBPIED foot Feet quantity Rainfall Rainfall on the site of the population population precipitation Prec Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Cork industrial quality protocols fiber lengh Wood fibers lengh WF-l Wood fibers lengh wood Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Numerical unknown Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. allele Alleles quantity quantity Assessment of alleles quantity in the population NbA Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Forking index protocol Combination of the forking position and the number of forks mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 BBCH_38 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol quantity Number of individuals in the population NbI Number of individuals plant Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores Bud date protocol Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas cork A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. Terrentas/Barrentas quality leaf Photosynthetic rate An The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. photosynthetic rate BBCH_85 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) µm Cork Eelness cork eels Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas None Nail size protocol Crown chalara scoring scale Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. BBCH_55 evaluation Slenderness protocol The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_16 evaluation Net photosynthesis net_An Net photosynthesis Budburst scoring scale mmol H2O m-2 s-1 Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Calliper 130cm protocol STOM stomatal density Stomatal density Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration leaf Computation per gram of nitrogen None None Wood parenchyma protocol increase ACC Annual increase Annual increase Survival scoring scale Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Minimal meteo value The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Marcescence scoring scale on 3 CIR Tree circumference circumference stem Circumference of the tree main stem EPI Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward epinasty Epinasty leaf Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_84 evaluation Sacharides_CC polyphenols cork Polysacharide composition Chemical composition in polysacharide BBCH_77 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_82 evaluation Repetitions protocol Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Regeneration scoring scale growth Assessment of the stop of shoots growth Growth stop shoot AC Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_72 evaluation Flush flush plant NF Assessment of flushes during the growing season Defoliation scoring scale on 5 Branching scoring scale on 3 Shoot dry mass Shoot dry mass shoot dry mass SHDM drying up Stem drying up DES Assessment of the drying up level of the stem plant Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation Rust scoring scale Frost damages scoring scale COMP competition plant Competition Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation Tolerance protocol Wood infradensity protocol None wood Cork chemical composition in cellulose Cellulose wood composition WCC cellulose content Chlorophyll a to b ratio chlorophyll content leaf Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue Chl a/b Basal sweep protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Cork defects - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. foliar biomass Foliar biomass BioF Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown plant Fructification regularity fructification FRUC_REG plant Regularity of the fructification Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Number Harvest REC Sample(s) collected on the tree sampling plant Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea chalara plant Chalara CHAL BBCH_01 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell biomass Shoot to Root dry weight ratio shoot/root S/RDM Shoot/Root dry mass Fruits/Cones mean Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Adaxial epidermal cells Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) epidermal cell EP leaf Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation Pigments content in leaves TPgC leaf pigment content Leaf pigments content Wood infradensity infradensity wood WID Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood PL Petiole length Petiole length length petiol Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. NADH protocol Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface Mean wood density LV Leaf quantity quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree leaf Total length of the shoot LPOUS shoot Shoot length length Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Stem length protocol plant Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place thinning Thinning ECL BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. perimeter Leaf perimeter leaf Leaf perimeter LP plant Defoliation DF defoliation Assessment of the tree defoliation BBCH_19 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine suberin content Suberin Tyramine content Suberin Tyramine content cork Cork plank color protocol Expert visual assessment for cork belly color quantity lobe NL Lobe quantity Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina FLO Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level blossoming flower Blossoming Epicormic primary bud quantity primary epicormic bud Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time quantity PriLBD Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve Ci CO2 leaf Internal CO2 concentration regeneration soil Natural regeneration Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree regeneration Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion Canker_G stem Canker girdling protein content Leaf protein content Protein content in leaves TPC leaf BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) leaf Assessment of the survival state of leaves Withered leaves WI survival biomass Weight of the dry stem stem SDM Stem dry mass BBCH_79 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Cork AG Cork annual growth Annual increment of cork rings thickness cork growth Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Collar protocol cm-2 chlorophyll content Leaf chlorophyll content leaf Chlorophyll content in leaves LCC WT% Tension wood Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying quality cork None Lobe ratio protocol Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation Tree flexuosity Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree FLX plant flexuosity Trunk height protocol Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy AIG Needles coloration color needle Assessment of the Larch needles coloration m2.MPa-1.s-1 Drought damage plant damages Assessment of drought damages SEC Fructification BBCH scoring scale cork Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores Area Pores area pore area Counting made with X-Ray X-Ray counting protocol leaf Leaf staining Leaf staining staining ST None Pore area protocol population Temp temperature Temperature on the site of the population Temperature Phenotypic note selection plant Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection SEL Allelic richness scoring scale whorl DEF_V Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. Whorl defects default Chalara scoring scale on 3 Defects scoring scale Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Forking score protocol enzymatic activity Specific activity of rubisco in leaves SAR Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves leaf quantity Epis Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. epicormic Epicormic quantity Shape scoring scale BBCH_32 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Lobe depth protocol None Plant height protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer Degree Stem length Stem length stem length Stem_L Measured below the terminal bud Shoot diameter protocol pé de linha Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants leaf Delta C13 carbon discrimination Delta13C Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves RWC Amount of water in roots Root water content water content root Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_68 evaluation growth Assessment of shoots growth Shoot growth DEV shoot Shoot diameter RD diameter branch Shoot diameter cm3 Fork height protocol Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. BRAH branch Branching habit Branching habit Lobe width width lobe Lobe width LW nkat/mg Cal Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). thickness Caliber cork Gamma cadidene content leaf Gamma cadidene content molecule content g.cadidene None Percentage venation protocol Gradians Fructification scoring scale latewood Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season wood Latewood density BF Numerical unknown - 1 decimal Penetration opposition Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration stem PIL pilodyn lamina length LL Lamina length Lamina length latency Latency measured against a given rust strain Latent Period LD plant Thinning scoring scale plant monopodic monopodic Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. Monopodic growth Number of buds at the terminal cluster number bud Buds at the terminal cluster TB Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area measurement protocol nail inclusions Nail inclusions Area of the nail inclusions Prego cork Wood density protocol Wood density at 12% moisture content Sylleptic shoots quantity Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Syllep sylleptic shoot quantity Budset scoring scale None None Yes/No BBCH_71 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet plant height Tree height Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown HT Year of appearance of the reference verticula Reference whorl appearance branch ANVERE method_of BBCH_35 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Sex scoring scale Hypertrophied lenticels quantity lenticel quantity THL Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues leaf Transpiration rate Transpiration rate transpiration Gs None cork Total suberin content suberin content Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores Total suberin content molecule content Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene Beta caryophyllene content leaf Blossoming BBCH scoring scale Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) Soil water availability Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_76 evaluation Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Crown scoring scale D stem Diameter of the tree main stem Stem diameter diameter Inner plank surface color cork Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk color BC linha Sylleptic shoot protocol Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season mm2 Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content cork Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid suberin content Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. QUAL quality Cork quality cork epicormic branch Epicormic branches quantity Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure EpiBC quantity Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis Chalara scoring scale on 5 Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection Leaf coloration scoring scale Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration BBCH_45 evaluation Stomatal conductance to CO2 stomatal conductance Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf gC leaf protein content Leaf soluble protein content leaf SPC Soluble protein content in leaves parts per million (ppm) LDM Weight of the dry leaf leaf biomass Leaf dry mass leaf gW stomatal conductance Stomatal conductance to water vapour Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf biomass plant Dry matter TDM Weight of the plant dry matter BBCH_95 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 3 carene content leaf molecule content 3Carene 3 carene content Alpha humulene content molecule content Alpha humulene content leaf a.humulene Biomass protocol Measured by leaves weighing Broadleaves budflush scoring scale chlorophyll content Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue Chl b leaf Chlorophyll b BBCH_93 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell survival TE bud Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem Terminal bud status Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_11 evaluation enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc leaf Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). BBCH_15 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. Epicormic percentage protocol None fork Height fork HFO height Insertion height of the fork BBCH_00 evaluation Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants Leaf mass per leaf area Leaf mass per leaf area leaf mass/area LMA b.pinene leaf Beta pinene content Beta pinene content molecule content The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Leaf mass/area protocol leaf Camphene content Camphene content molecule content camphene None Wood width protocol Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_37 evaluation Fixation index Fis panmixia population Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population surface LS leaf Leaf surface Leaf surface Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. BBCH_03 evaluation Heterozygosity scoring scale Assessment of the bud break level bud break Budflush BF_score Branch diameter diameter Assessment of the diameter of the branch branch DB Ribbon 130cm protocol Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Chlorophyll protocol Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Average meteo value Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Variance Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) Chrysomela leaf consumed area leaf Chrysomela consumed area Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents wood Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents H/S/G molecule content BS Lamina shape shape lamina Shape of the lamina shoot quantity Shoots Resprout quantity Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing NAAT Terminal bud accident Recording of an accident on the terminal bud accident bud Thinning protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Uredinia Size scoring scale scale_of mg/cm2 Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_88 evaluation Ramicorn quantity quantity RA ramicorn Assessment of the ramicorn quantity Cork thickness before boiling protocol Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Frost damage plant GEL damages Assessment of frost damages Pores frequency Number of pores in frame area pore frequency cork Pores Frequency Precocity scoring scale quantity vSeqBC Assessment of the sequential branches volume Sequential branches volume sequential branch Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors neighbor distance Distance individual/neighbor plant distance BBCH_09 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. BBCH_12 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. Survival state scoring scale Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_78 evaluation Abundance in crown scoring scale cm2 Growth BBCH scoring scale soil Soil stone content stone content stone_content Stone content in the soil around the tree SLA leaf specific area Specific leaf area Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass Dissolved oxygen content in leaves Dissolved oxygen content leaf DOC oxygen content Budset protocol Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Branches angle scoring scale on 4 Tree growth Assessment of the growth of the tree plant GR growth stem ANFO Forking fork Notation of the fork appearance Cover scoring scale Hour Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Bark thickness mean lenticel diameter External hypertrophied lenticels diameter EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter µmol.m-2.s-1 Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 µmol CO2 / mmol H2O branch Height of the branch HB height Branch height Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Fruits/Cones protocol Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 Debarking scoring scale Bark roughness scoring scale RQ Rubisco content in leaves Leaf rubisco content rubisco content leaf Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_65 evaluation Selection scoring scale dm BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Lobe width ratio Lobe width ratio LWR lamina lobe Index Forking scoring scale on 5 Eelness scoring score Basal sweep CB Assessment of the basal curve basal curve stem Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed Maximal mean value Branches angle scoring scale on 3b The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Maximal meteo value Senescence scoring scale Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature BBCH_49 evaluation Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface BR cork relief Inner plank surface relief cork age scoring scale BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. µmol electron m-2 s-1 Calendar year Cork plank uniformity protocol vpm [C02] Leaf surface protocol None Girdling index Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve Flexuosity protocol Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Polycyclism scoring scale Geotropism scoring scale mg/L FOR Assessment of the shape of the tree shape plant Tree shape Senescence BBCH scoring scale Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity Cork plank uniformity protocol