62_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 20% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_62 INRA BBCH_67 70% of flowers sexually mature INRA Célia Michotey 67_NB[Adonis] Wood infradensity WID WID[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET LA[Adonis] LAR LA Leaf area Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET 20 - 40% Low Gr INRA Seeds GRA[Adonis] GRA Célia Michotey ES Survival SUR[Adonis] SUR Célia Michotey MOR INRA/IBET S Health status LNCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area LNCa Formiga Formi[Adonis] IBET Formiga Inês Chaves Fruits/Cones number mean Célia Michotey NBF_mean INRA NBF_m[Adonis] elevation INRA Elevation Célia Michotey elev[Adonis] INRA PLAG PLAG[Adonis] Célia Michotey Plagiotropy HRn[Adonis] Pubescence along the veins HRn Célia Michotey INRA damage to the n-1 shoot 1 PR-Tr[Adonis] Pore Roundness - Transverse section Pore_Round-Tr PoresRoundness_Tr Inês Chaves IBET 70% of leaves/needles out 17_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_17 Célia Michotey Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Percentage of tension wood WT% WTP[Adonis] IBET net_An Net photosynthesis Inês Chaves Célia Michotey INRA Bud burst BF_B[Adonis] BF_score_B Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SLA SLAR INRA/IBET SLA[Adonis] Specific leaf area pBF pBF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Percentage of late wood INRA BBCH_86 INRA Célia Michotey 60% of fruits mature 86_NB[Adonis] INRA Branch angle - rating on 5 Célia Michotey ANGn5[Adonis] ANG_n5 Plant defects DEF DEF[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA D_P Célia Michotey INRA Limonene Limonene content Célia Michotey THL INRA THL[Adonis] Total hypertrophied lenticels cover2 cov2[Adonis] INRA Relative Vegetation/Rock cover Célia Michotey ? 4 INRA TAI NBS NBS[Adonis] Célia Michotey Secateur knocks number Inês Chaves IBET Wood width W_w[Adonis] W-w NBBR NBBRA NBBR[Adonis] INRA Branches number Célia Michotey HTF HFO[Adonis] Célia Michotey HFO Height fork INRA PP-Tr[Adonis] PorosityCoef_Tr % Pore-Tr Inês Chaves IBET % Pore size - Transversal section 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 FRUT[Adonis] Célia Michotey FRUT INRA Fructification abundance 2 Célia Michotey AR2[Adonis] AR_bis Allelic richness INRA Hydrogen 2 Wood Hydrogen 2 2H[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET 2H CHALn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 INRA CHAL_n5 ? 5 Célia Michotey Hm HTm[Adonis] INRA/IBET HTm Tree total height in m 1 Doubtful Game damage 9 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 37 Orthotropic 1 FSE SEC[Adonis] SEC Drought damage INRA/IBET Célia Michotey FS Strong meander 2 Inês Chaves Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET cork H/S/G Célia Michotey INRA Alive neighboring trees NBVOIS NBV[Adonis] BBCH_49 50% of buds lignified and mature 49_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey DEVFO[Adonis] DEVFO INRA Become of fork INRA NBCH[Adonis] Collar canker number NBCH Célia Michotey PP[Adonis] Inês Chaves %Pores Cork Porosity IBET BBCH_98 Célia Michotey 98_NB[Adonis] INRA 80% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey BBCH_60 First flowers sexually mature INRA 60_NB[Adonis] P_F PETIOL Petiols without leaves INRA Célia Michotey P_F[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves d13Cc INRA/IBET 13C Wood carbon 13 Carbon 13 13C[Adonis] INRA NCI[Adonis] NCI Competition index Célia Michotey INRA PV[Adonis] PV Percentage venation Célia Michotey TDM Total_mass PDW TDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Plant dry weight Plant biomass Dry matter 2 First leaves faded or fallen 90_NB[Adonis] BBCH_90 Célia Michotey INRA 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible 2 Conifers budflush scoring BF_CO[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BF_score_CO Célia Michotey LC[Adonis] LC Leaf color INRA COUL Leaf water content LWC% INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LWC[Adonis] DOC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Dissolved oxygen content INRA DOC He_bis INRA Expected heterozygosity He2[Adonis] Célia Michotey Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 INRA 40% of flowers sexually mature 64_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_64 IH deltaH.F INRA HI HPOU Célia Michotey IHeight IH[Adonis] deltaH Height increment MAR_n6 INRA Marcescence - rating on 6 Célia Michotey MARn6[Adonis] 2 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point Inês Chaves IBET cork S/G Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Prec Average rainfall Célia Michotey INRA 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves IBET NPQ Inês Chaves Non-photochemical quenching INRA canopy_projection canop[Adonis] Canopy projection Célia Michotey WF-t Inês Chaves IBET WF-t[Adonis] Wood fibers thickness Inês Chaves IBET AnII_Ef Photosystem II operating efficiency Inês Chaves Woodp[Adonis] Woodpecker IBET Pica-pau Woodpecker 10% of the bud burst Célia Michotey 06_NB[Adonis] BBCH_06 INRA Mean late wood density mBF[Adonis] Célia Michotey mBF INRA Moderate to strong bends (severe) 2 INRA DCS Crown dieback status Célia Michotey DCS[Adonis] BarkR Célia Michotey BarkR[Adonis] Bark roughness INRA SEX SEX[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Sex determination NS-Tr[Adonis] Prego-Tr Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area nail Area_Tr Inês Chaves Nail size area - Transversal section IBET INRA Number of epicormic branches Célia Michotey nEpiBC nEBC[Adonis] 5 BBCH_39 Shoots at 90% of their size INRA 39_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey max5-min5 het5[Adonis] INRA het5 eels[Adonis] Cork Eelness Inês Chaves eels IBET INRA Célia Michotey 03_NB[Adonis] BBCH_03 Buds ready to burst NBASD Célia Michotey Number of years sympodic - straight tree NBASD[Adonis] INRA At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. 07 Average tree 2 VI_BF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Variance of late wood density values INRA varintraBF Inês Chaves Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content IBET SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC CCO CIR_Base Célia Michotey CIR_B CIR_B[Adonis] CIRC_B INRA CBAS CIBAS Tree circumference at the collar 19_NB[Adonis] INRA 90% of leaves/needles out BBCH_19 Célia Michotey 8 NL[Adonis] INRA NL Number of lobes Célia Michotey Intra-ring variance Célia Michotey varintracerne INRA VIC[Adonis] Cobri[Adonis] Cobrilha Cobrilha Inês Chaves IBET Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves Célia Michotey SAR[Adonis] SAR INRA INRA NBPIED Célia Michotey Feet number NBP[Adonis] INRA R Plant width at the soil level Célia Michotey R[Adonis] LW INRA Lobe width LW[Adonis] Célia Michotey mi mi[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Minimal ring density Célia Michotey vEBC[Adonis] vEpiBC INRA Epicormic branch volume acronym Delta.F D13C[Adonis] delta-13C Delta13C discriC13 d13C d13Cf delta C13 Leaf carbone isotope discrimination Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Leaf water content IBET LWC Inês Chaves INRA Dormant winter buds 00_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_00 INRA EPI EPI[Adonis] Epinasty Célia Michotey ESDET INRA Detailed health status Célia Michotey ESD[Adonis] DHL DHL[Adonis] INRA Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels Célia Michotey ESP_B Inês Chaves IBET cork thickness after boiling espessura depois de cozido ESP_B[Adonis] Inês Chaves SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC IBET Suberin Ectadecanedioid content delta N15 D15N[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination d15N Delta15N INRA INRA DIST[Adonis] DIST Distance individual/neighbor Célia Michotey IBET 12C[Adonis] Wood Carbon 12 12C Inês Chaves Carbon 12 CLLC[Adonis] CCH Célia Michotey Canker_LLC Canker cumulative length INRA ma Maximal ring density INRA ma[Adonis] Célia Michotey Diameter of terminal bud INRA TBD[Adonis] TBD Célia Michotey Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 NBRA INRA NBRA[Adonis] Ramicorn number Célia Michotey Inês Chaves IBET Terrentas/Barrentas Terrentas/Barrentas INRA 90% of fruits mature Célia Michotey BBCH_89 89_NB[Adonis] BarkT_mean Célia Michotey Bark thickness mean INRA BT_m[Adonis] Canker lesion length INRA/IBET Célia Michotey CLL[Adonis] Canker.length canker_length Canker_LL Whorl defects Célia Michotey NBDEF_V INRA NDEFV[Adonis] INRA Alpha cubebene content Célia Michotey a.cubebene 75_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 50% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_75 INRA Individual slope slope[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA slope Worst 10 na Missing data Inês Chaves IBET Chlorophyll a Chl a Célia Michotey Ability to vegetative propagation AVP INRA AVP[Adonis] Dead -9 S/RDM INRA/IBET S/RDM[Adonis] SDM/RDM Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S:R Shoot/Root dry mass INRA rEpiBC rEBC[Adonis] Epicormic branches per epicormics Célia Michotey Célia Michotey 66_NB[Adonis] INRA 60% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_66 RD[Adonis] Célia Michotey RD INRA Diameter below terminal bud 2 More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels BR Inês Chaves Inner plank surface uniformity relevo da barriga IBET BR[Adonis] Inner plank surface relief Célia Michotey Diameter largest branch INRA DGB[Adonis] DGB 62 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 2 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference 2 Marcescent 2 30% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_63 Célia Michotey 63_NB[Adonis] INRA IBET Chlorophyll b Chl b Inês Chaves Célia Michotey Branch length LPOUS LB Shoot length INRA LONG LPOUS[Adonis] Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 34 Inês Chaves PhiPS2 Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II IBET MaxWi[Adonis] INRA MaxWi Célia Michotey Maximum water use efficiency Apical bud red brown 0 1 Below 30° (steep) 1 Medium preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas Inês Chaves IBET CLCA[Adonis] Chrysomela INRA Chrysomela leaf consumed area Célia Michotey Forking score - rating on 5 Célia Michotey FOSn5[Adonis] INRA FO_score_n5 NBN NBNPRO Nests number NBN[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Acute angle less than 45 ° 3 Célia Michotey TpgCm Total pigments content per leaf dry mass INRA TPgCm[Adonis] 80 - 95% Very high LCC Leaf chlorophyll content INRA Célia Michotey LCC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of latent primary buds nPLBD[Adonis] INRA nPriLBD Suberin Glycerol content SuberinGlycerol_CC Inês Chaves IBET Célia Michotey NBR[Adonis] Rachis number INRA NBRACH Célia Michotey LDR[Adonis] INRA LDR Lobe depth ratio BBCH_69 Célia Michotey 90% of flowers sexually mature 69_NB[Adonis] INRA N-Lygn_lent N-LL[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying 30% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 93_NB[Adonis] BBCH_93 Célia Michotey Photosynthetic rate Inês Chaves IBET An Nail size percentage - Tangential section PN-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section NailInclusionsCoef_Ta IBET % nail Area_Ta % Prego-Ta Inês Chaves WAP-t IBET Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t[Adonis] LL INRA Lamina length LL[Adonis] Célia Michotey Comments COM[Adonis] Observations COM INRA DESC Célia Michotey NBAMD Number of years monopodic - straight tree Célia Michotey NBAMD[Adonis] INRA 2 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 99 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Célia Michotey INRA First fruits reached maximum size 70_NB[Adonis] BBCH_70 5 Very visible leaves 2 F2 fully stretched no bud structure Cork plank thickness IBET Caliber Cal calibre Cal[Adonis] Inês Chaves BBCH_08 08_NB[Adonis] INRA Leaves comes out of 10% of buds Célia Michotey 0 Smooth bark, no cracks Célia Michotey SEL[Adonis] Phenotypic note SEL INRA 73_NB[Adonis] 30% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey BBCH_73 INRA The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 60 deltaC.I ICIR INRA Célia Michotey Circumference increment deltaC.F deltaC deltaCIRC ICIR[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Harvest date RECD RECD[Adonis] INRA Mean minimum temperature Temp_MIN Célia Michotey 2 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 40 At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) FR_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey FRUC_BBCH Fructification BBCH Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET LNCm[Adonis] Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass LNCm LD Célia Michotey Latent Period LD[Adonis] INRA ID Identification Célia Michotey ID[Adonis] INRA Tree ring width TRW I INRA/IBET RW ARW TRW[Adonis] Growth ring width Annual ring width Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Embossed leaves 6 RQ Rubisco content in leaves Célia Michotey CRL RQ[Adonis] INRA BRA_n3 Célia Michotey INRA Branching - rating on 3 BRAn3[Adonis] The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. 55 Obversity OB INRA OB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Lamina shape WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness Inês Chaves WRP-t[Adonis] IBET 1H Wood Hydrogen 1 Hydrogen 1 1H[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Célia Michotey 99_NB[Adonis] BBCH_99 INRA 90% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Dormant winter flower bud 50_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_50 Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height 1 2 Doubtful 1 Few and/or thin branches Amax Célia Michotey Amax[Adonis] INRA Maximum assimilation rate Célia Michotey 84_NB[Adonis] BBCH_84 INRA 40% of fruits mature DF_n3[Adonis] DF_n3 INRA Defoliation - rating on 3 Célia Michotey date15.UK date15.3.F date15.F INRA date15.3 Célia Michotey Budset date date15.I BS_d[Adonis] BS_date date15 BBCH_88 Célia Michotey 80% of fruits mature 88_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Alpha pinene content a.pinene INRA Cork thickness before boiling ESP[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET espessura thickness ESP 98 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell INRA BBCH_09 09_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds with leaves coming out Célia Michotey IBET ETR Inês Chaves Leaf electron transport rate 40% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey BBCH_14 INRA 14_NB[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 3 Célia Michotey ANGn3[Adonis] INRA ANG_n3 nP INRA Number of primary branching Célia Michotey nP[Adonis] Cork annual growth Inês Chaves AnnualGrowth Cork AG IBET CAG[Adonis] INRA Flexuosity - rating on 5b FLX_n5b FLX5b[Adonis] Célia Michotey CIR1[Adonis] Tree circumference at 1m Circum.I Circum.UK Circum.F INRA/IBET CIR1 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Girth at 1m NBCON INRA Nb_cones Fruits/Cones number NbCones NBF[Adonis] Nb_cone Célia Michotey NBF US[Adonis] US INRA mer_ls Uredinia size Célia Michotey NBBRM[Adonis] NBBRM Célia Michotey Nomber of master branches INRA SEN_BBCH INRA Senescence BBCH SE_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Pore Length - Transversal section Inês Chaves PoresLength_Tr PL-Tr[Adonis] IBET Pore_L-Tr LCCm Célia Michotey Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass LCCm[Adonis] INRA CIR Tree circumference CIR[Adonis] C130 INRA Tree girth Ci130 Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO[Adonis] GO Célia Michotey INRA ND[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of day to reach budburst ND INRA 60% of fruits reached maximum size INRA 76_NB[Adonis] BBCH_76 Célia Michotey INRA Mean intrinsic water use efficiency MWi[Adonis] Célia Michotey MWi CHALC[Adonis] INRA Collar Chalara LCH Célia Michotey CHALCOL 60° 3 INRA MARc[Adonis] MAR_coef Marcescence coefficient Célia Michotey Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inês Chaves Inst_Carbon_eff IBET CONREC Célia Michotey INRA NBREC Harvest number NBREC[Adonis] Forks number NF Célia Michotey NBF NBFO INRA NbFourches NBFO[Adonis] INRA C/N[Adonis] Célia Michotey C/N C:N C/N Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio BBCH_80 INRA 80_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey First fruits mature Célia Michotey 30_NB[Adonis] INRA Start of shoot growth BBCH_30 Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc[Adonis] INRA PEPc FLXn3[Adonis] FLX_n3 Flexuosity - rating on 3 Célia Michotey INRA IBET PL-R[Adonis] Pore Length - Radial section PoresLength_R Pore_L-R Inês Chaves INRA Crown size Crown spread crown[Adonis] Célia Michotey crown_size CM Célia Michotey CM[Adonis] Leaf carbon content CM.F INRA Leaf nitrogen content Célia Michotey NM NM.F LNC INRA NM[Adonis] Saccharose content per leaf dry mass SCm SCm[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET RDM R_mass Root dry mass RDW RDM[Adonis] Root biomass INRA REC Harvest REC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area LCCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey LCCa INRA 33 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Inês Chaves WRP-h[Adonis] IBET WRP-h Wood radial parenchyma high 3 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes CHALHa Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree upper part CHALH INRA CHAH[Adonis] 3 75% of crack bark Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 4 N-deb[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Number of debarkings N-debark Number of years monopodic - forked tree NBAMF Célia Michotey INRA NBAMF[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Angle[Adonis] ANG_n3b Branch angle - rating on 3 5 Big Absolutely straight stem (none) 5 Célia Michotey INRA Mean ring density mpond mpond[Adonis] 2 Dead BBCH_71 10% of fruits reached maximum size 71_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey No marcescent 0 Flower buds swelling Célia Michotey BBCH_51 INRA 51_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_38 38_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots at 80% of their size INRA Height largest branch HGB[Adonis] HGB Célia Michotey Nests presence NID NID[Adonis] INRA/IBET Célia Michotey AVR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Year reference whorl ANVERE INRA IBET Suberin Ferulic content Inês Chaves SuberinFerulicA_CC 9 5 Chl a/b IBET Chlorophyll a to b ratio Inês Chaves PP-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves PorosityCoef_Ta % Pore-Ta IBET % Pore size - Tangential section INRA STOM Stomatal density Célia Michotey STOM[Adonis] 4 Very late Syllep.I Syllep.F Syllep Number of sylleptic shoots Célia Michotey Syllep.UK INRA RAMA Sylle[Adonis] 6 Fork Soil stone content stone_content INRA stone[Adonis] Célia Michotey Expected heterozygosity He[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey He INRA b.myrcene Célia Michotey Beta myrcene content N-DL[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET N-div_lent Lenticels : number of cells dividing Tree growth Vigor INRA GR[Adonis] GR Célia Michotey 10_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey First leaves/needles out INRA BBCH_10 INRA Stomatal conductance to CO2 gC Célia Michotey gC[Adonis] attribute INRA max5 Célia Michotey max5[Adonis] Mean strongest density values Cankers INRA Canker CANK[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 38 Best color 10 Rubisco quantity per leaf area INRA RQa RQa[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey CARm CARm[Adonis] Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 Shape Célia Michotey FOR[Adonis] FOR INRA BRAH[Adonis] BRAH Célia Michotey Branching habit INRA 1 pollarding 1 A Célia Michotey Assimilation rate INRA A[Adonis] 1 Early ACC Célia Michotey Annual increase INRA ACC[Adonis] DC[Adonis] DC DCI Crown dieback INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SDW INRA/IBET S_mass Stem biomass SDM Stem dry mass SDM[Adonis] Sequential branches angle aSeqBC aSBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) 4 Frost damage GEL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA/IBET GEL More than 1 pollarding 2 Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 7 Shoots at 70% of their size BBCH_37 INRA 37_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Penetration opposition Célia Michotey PIL[Adonis] PIL IBET Phenols_CC Polyphenols cork composition Inês Chaves 0 No symptom 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles 5 INRA %N[Adonis] Leaf nitrogen content Célia Michotey %N %N INRA Crown Chalara CHALHOU CHALH[Adonis] Célia Michotey 63 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. INRA Célia Michotey FO_score_n4 Forking score - rating on 4 FOSn4[Adonis] BS_date_cnl Célia Michotey Budset date in cumulative night length BScnl[Adonis] INRA date_cnl Leaf Staining Célia Michotey ST INRA ST[Adonis] 1 All buds dormant or just enlarged HRf[Adonis] Célia Michotey Pubescence in lamina central part HRf INRA Pores Area PoA[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Area IBET At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 49 Competition Célia Michotey COMP[Adonis] INRA COMP Alpha humulene content INRA Célia Michotey a.humulene 5 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey INRA SPCm[Adonis] SPCm 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 61 Deviation from verticality VER[Adonis] INRA VER Célia Michotey nEpis INRA Number of epicormics Célia Michotey nE[Adonis] Number of additional feet Célia Michotey NBPIEDSUP INRA NBPS[Adonis] Wood vessels diameter WV-d[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET WV-d Inês Chaves IBET WUE[Adonis] Water use efficiency WUE 1 Less than 10% of affected shoots Célia Michotey Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon INRA LN/LC[Adonis] LN/LC 80% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 18_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_18 L_mass Leaf dry mass LDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LDW LDM INRA/IBET Leaf biomass 3 Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) NbA NbA[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Number of alleles Superior 2 Célia Michotey AC[Adonis] August shots INRA Growth stop AC Célia Michotey INRA 80% of flowers sexually mature 68_NB[Adonis] BBCH_68 BF_score_n8 BFSn8[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey DEBFAGUS Budflush scoring - rating on 8 5 Tree unharmed, not attacked 79 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 89 Leaf relative water content Inês Chaves IBET LRWC Célia Michotey camphene Camphene content INRA INRA REP[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of repetitions REP IRD[Adonis] Célia Michotey Increase of diameter below the apical bud drd INRA 87_NB[Adonis] 70% of fruits mature INRA BBCH_87 Célia Michotey Leaf surface INRA LS LS[Adonis] Célia Michotey NbI[Adonis] INRA NbI Célia Michotey Number of individuals SI Célia Michotey Stomatal index INRA SI[Adonis] 6 ? Gs Transpiration rate Inês Chaves IBET Célia Michotey Xylem hydraulic conductivity INRA KS[Adonis] KS 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated Célia Michotey min5[Adonis] Mean lowest density values INRA min5 BBCH_81 INRA Célia Michotey 81_NB[Adonis] 10% of fruits mature Célia Michotey INRA WP WP[Adonis] Lamina largest width 2 Inflated bud Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle 4 On no branches 0 20% of fruits reached maximum size 72_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_72 INRA Célia Michotey INRA Branching - rating on 5 scales BRAn5[Adonis] BRA_n5 DF_n5[Adonis] INRA DF_n5 Defoliation - rating on 5 Célia Michotey 15 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles INRA Célia Michotey Buds swelling 01_NB[Adonis] BBCH_01 Fork still present at the given height [fork height] 70% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 97_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_97 Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 ESBR[Adonis] ESBR Health status red strip Célia Michotey INRA 1 presence 0 Alive Chalara easy to see 2 2 Female Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 35 %C %C[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf carbon content INRA 70 The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet HBM[Adonis] Height first dead branch INRA Célia Michotey HBM Célia Michotey BBCH_36 INRA Shoots at 60% of their size 36_NB[Adonis] 3 Célia Michotey SECN INRA NSEC[Adonis] Drought damage note 2 Scattered: few, scattered individuals DIA_C[Adonis] Root collar diameter DCOL DIACOL CD DIA_col Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET RCD Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam 2 INRA/IBET Game damage Célia Michotey GIB GIB[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content SuberinAlkanoicA_CC nail Area_R Inês Chaves Wood inclusions area - Radial section Prego-R Nail size area - Radial section IBET NS-R[Adonis] 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry 3 Célia Michotey Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen INRA RQn[Adonis] RQn Inês Chaves Pore-R PoresArea_R Pore size - Radial section P-R[Adonis] IBET 72 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Survival INRA ESb SURb[Adonis] Célia Michotey Health status SURb Tree total height Height.UK HT[Adonis] Height.F Célia Michotey H HT INRA/IBET Height.I TH BBCH_33 33_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 30% of their size Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey Double feet DP[Adonis] INRA DP Up to 75% of affected shoots 3 7 Crown dieback INRA BF_p[Adonis] BF_prec Célia Michotey Budflush precocity BBCH_11 INRA 11_NB[Adonis] 10% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey SEN[Adonis] Célia Michotey SEN Senescence INRA INRA CHAB[Adonis] CHALinf Chalara on the tree lower part CHALB Célia Michotey Trunk diameter below largest branch INRA DT[Adonis] DT Célia Michotey ? 2 INRA EHLD[Adonis] EHLD Célia Michotey External hypertrophied lenticels diameter Winter dormant flower bud 50 Sequential branches volume INRA vSeqBC Célia Michotey vSBC[Adonis] GOU Epicormic branches Célia Michotey GOURM INRA GOU[Adonis] 74_NB[Adonis] 40% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey BBCH_74 INRA BBCH_77 INRA 77_NB[Adonis] 70% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey AR[Adonis] AR Allelic richness INRA Célia Michotey 1 Dominated tree STAT INRA Status Célia Michotey STAT[Adonis] WI[Adonis] INRA Withered leaves WI Célia Michotey ANFO Célia Michotey ANFO[Adonis] Forking year INRA Moderate damages 2 Mean maximum temperature Temp_MAX INRA Célia Michotey DIA INRA/IBET D DBH[Adonis] Tree diameter Célia Michotey DBH Pores Length PoLe[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Length IBET IBET SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Inês Chaves Branching degree Célia Michotey INRA RAM RAM[Adonis] 85_NB[Adonis] 50% of fruits mature INRA BBCH_85 Célia Michotey d.cadidene Delta cadidene content Célia Michotey INRA BioF[Adonis] Célia Michotey BioF Foliar biomass BiomF INRA Nail size percentage - Transversal section % Prego-Tr % nail Area_Tr PN-Tr[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section 3 Angle between 40 et 55° 6 0 Absence 5 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered DEF_S[Adonis] Célia Michotey DEF_SEC Drought damage defects D_S INRA Suberin Tyramine content Inês Chaves IBET SuberinTyramine_CC DES[Adonis] Célia Michotey DES INRA Number of dry years on the stem nSecLBD Célia Michotey Number of latent secondary buds INRA nSLBD[Adonis] 1 Dead 1 No straight stem (severe) N-A&E_lent IBET N-AEL[Adonis] Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding 1 Alive and frozen BS Célia Michotey BS[Adonis] INRA Lamina basal shape depth[Adonis] soil_depth Célia Michotey Soil depth INRA BF_d[Adonis] BF_date INRA Budflush date Célia Michotey Budburst date Light meander 1 Inês Chaves WV-t[Adonis] IBET WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 64 Kept 0 1 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot POLY[Adonis] Polycyclism nature INRA POLY Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA Total protein content per leaf dry mass TPCm TPCm[Adonis] 30 Start of shoot growth TPgCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey TPgCa INRA Total pigments content per leaf area CNB[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBCH Canker number Canker_nb NBCHA INRA Inês Chaves Nail size percentage - Radial section PN-R[Adonis] IBET NailInclusionsCoef_R %nail Area_Tr Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area % Prego-R F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 nFork INRA nFork[Adonis] Forks number - x-ray Célia Michotey 4 Soluble protein content per leaf area INRA SPCa SPCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 0 Crown without damage 0 2 Crown completely yellow 2 Medium heterozygosity BBCH_07 07_NB[Adonis] INRA 50% of buds burst Célia Michotey 2 Up to 50% of affected shoots Prego-Ta NS-Ta[Adonis] Nail size area - Tangential section nail Area_Ta Inês Chaves IBET Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area INRA Floral buds emerged but closed 55_NB[Adonis] BBCH_55 Célia Michotey INRA Photo photo[Adonis] Célia Michotey photo INRA Fork FO Célia Michotey FO[Adonis] SACL[Adonis] Leaf saccharose content Célia Michotey SACL INRA Game damage note GIBN[Adonis] GIBN Célia Michotey INRA gwmean Célia Michotey gwmean[Adonis] Mean stomatal conductance INRA nSeqBC Number of sequential branches nSBC[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 3 High heterozygosity Gamma cadidene content INRA Célia Michotey g.cadidene DCE[Adonis] DCE Célia Michotey INRA Pollarding IBET Inês Chaves Pores Roundness Pores Roundness PoR[Adonis] 5 Dead tree 1 Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot FRUCN FRUCN[Adonis] INRA Fructification note Célia Michotey Célia Michotey BBCH_61 61_NB[Adonis] 10% of flowers sexually mature INRA Photosynthetic rate - light curve An_LightCurve_leaf Inês Chaves IBET An_LightCurve 1 More than 2 very strong curves 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 87 FLXn5[Adonis] Flexuosity - rating on 5 Célia Michotey INRA FLX_n5 3 Polycyclism on lateral shoots only C_nbF[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chalara influence on leaves CHAL_nbF INRA Célia Michotey CB[Adonis] Co INRA Basal sweep CB bs Green 1 On all branches 2 95 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell INRA Mean early wood density Célia Michotey mBI[Adonis] mBI Nothing, no chalara 0 Petiole ratio INRA PR[Adonis] Célia Michotey PR BBCH_45 45_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 50% of buds with juvenile coloration INRA Healthy, no sore 1 WD[Adonis] WD Wood density Inês Chaves IBET rege[Adonis] INRA Natural regeneration regeneration Célia Michotey Hanging down (> 90°) 5 97 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Budflush BBCH BF_BBCH Célia Michotey BF_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Maximum stomatal conductance gwmax INRA gwmax[Adonis] 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen Célia Michotey TPCa TPCa[Adonis] Total protein content per leaf area INRA PorosityCoef_R % Pore size - Radial section Inês Chaves IBET % Pore-R PP-R[Adonis] Célia Michotey Flower buds opening INRA BBCH_53 53_NB[Adonis] HTr[Adonis] INRA Height trunk Célia Michotey HTrunk INRA NBUC NBUC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Growth unit number GELN[Adonis] Frost damage note Célia Michotey GELN INRA/IBET QUAL IBET Cork Quality Inês Chaves QUAL[Adonis] INRA Petiole length PL[Adonis] Célia Michotey PL CHAL_n3 CHALn3[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 Inês Chaves PoresLength_Ta IBET PL-Ta[Adonis] Pore_L-Ta Pore Length - Tangential section Ill 3 INRA Célia Michotey RA[Adonis] RA Ramicorn FRUC_REG Célia Michotey FRU_R[Adonis] Fructification regularity INRA 20% of leaves/needles out 12_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_12 Célia Michotey INRA Number of years with terminal bud accident NAAT Célia Michotey NAAT[Adonis] Tree to cut 1 GBRA INRA Célia Michotey DBRA[Adonis] Branche diameter DBRA Fraca 6 No fork 5 8 Spread leaves, long shoot Budflush Budflush.F BF_BL[Adonis] Bud break Célia Michotey DEB Budflush.I Broadleaves budflush scoring BF_score_BL Bud burst Budflush.UK INRA INRA MFL[Adonis] Mean flush length MFL Célia Michotey 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 Inês Chaves Total suberin content IBET TSuberin_CC Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 12 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 Blossoming BBCH Célia Michotey INRA FL_NB[Adonis] FLO_BBCH BBCH_78 Célia Michotey 78_NB[Adonis] 80% of fruits reached maximum size INRA IBET WF-l[Adonis] WF-l Inês Chaves Wood fibers lengh BRR INRA BRR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Straightened branch Célia Michotey INRA Terpinolene Terpinolene content 1 Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall Forks fch 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. 78 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Ring surface Célia Michotey surf surf[Adonis] INRA Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 39 1 to 2 strong curves 3 Célia Michotey RQm[Adonis] RQm Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass INRA No polycyclism 0 Célia Michotey 50% of flowers sexually mature INRA 65_NB[Adonis] BBCH_65 Internal CO2 concentration Inês Chaves IBET Ci BBCH_94 INRA 94_NB[Adonis] 40% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Inês Chaves IBET INRA Amean[Adonis] Célia Michotey Mean assimilation rate Amean ram Ramicorn Uncertain 2 1 Fork in lower third of the tree 92 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Hemicellulose wood composition INRA/IBET WHC WHC[Adonis] INRA NBDP NBDP[Adonis] Double feet number Célia Michotey Inês Chaves Leaf CO2 light response curve IBET Leaf_CO2_curve FLO[Adonis] Célia Michotey FLO INRA Blossoming 3 Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels Cracks fts LP[Adonis] LP Célia Michotey INRA Leaf perimeter IBET Leaf carboxylation efficiency Inês Chaves An/Ci ARMILL ARM[Adonis] Célia Michotey ARM Armillaria INRA Volume Vol Célia Michotey INRA Vol[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA ROU ROU[Adonis] Rust 3 ? 3 Very strong meander Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip 2 INRA BBCH_32 Shoots at 20% of their size Célia Michotey 32_NB[Adonis] wood S/G IBET Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood Inês Chaves Soil water availability SWA Inês Chaves IBET 08 At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales HPR[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Célia Michotey HPR INRA 15_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_15 INRA 50% of leaves/needles out MARn4[Adonis] Célia Michotey Marcescence - rating on 4 MAR_n4 INRA 1 Smooth bark, some cracks 4 Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot nLBD INRA nLBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey Number of latent buds BBCH_91 Célia Michotey 91_NB[Adonis] 10% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 0 Null EP INRA EP[Adonis] Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area Célia Michotey Dormant winter bud 00 1 4th quarter (below 23°) FRU_A[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey FRUC_AB Fructification abundance Célia Michotey VI_BI[Adonis] INRA varintraBI Variance of early wood density values NS[Adonis] Inês Chaves Nail size IBET Wood inclusions Prego Célia Michotey Lobe width ratio INRA LWR LWR[Adonis] Dry or broken crown 1 INRA Fork_index Forking index FO_index Célia Michotey FO_i[Adonis] INRA UN[Adonis] UN Célia Michotey Uredinia Number INRA RQp Célia Michotey Rubisco content per gram of proteins RQp[Adonis] Carotenoid content per leaf area CARa INRA CARa[Adonis] Célia Michotey 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 7 Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen Fis[Adonis] Célia Michotey Fis INRA Fixation index 4 Totally dry plant 91 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 0 No fruits 3 Crown starts yellowing IBET Stem_D Stem diameter Inês Chaves 5 Tree gone 73 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_13 Célia Michotey 13_NB[Adonis] 30% of leaves/needles out INRA Sacharides_CC Polysacharide cork composition Inês Chaves IBET A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown 3 Acute angle greater than 45 ° 2 4 A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown Branch angle - rating on 4 ANG_n4 Célia Michotey INRA ANGn4[Adonis] nPBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey nPriBD INRA Number of primary buds INRA a.copaene Célia Michotey Alpha copaene content P-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves PoresArea_Tr IBET Pore-Tr Pore size - Transversal section Lf[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Lf Leaf number Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene INRA Célia Michotey 3 White bud (hair) INRA Xylem pressure P50[Adonis] Célia Michotey P50 40 - 60% Medium Inês Chaves IBET Suberin Oleic content SuberinOleicA_CC INRA NF[Adonis] Number of flushes Célia Michotey NF 2 Damaged tree Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 32 4 Média 2 ECL[Adonis] CLOI Thinning INRA ECL Célia Michotey Beta pinene content INRA Célia Michotey b.pinene HD Célia Michotey INRA C_EL Slenderness El C_El[Adonis] SHDM INRA SHDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoot dry mass IBET Suberin Enedioic content SuberinEnedioicA_CC Inês Chaves Célia Michotey Total number of leaves INRA NLV NLV[Adonis] 1 Male 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 94 Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain 1 INRA BF_score_n3 Budflush scoring - rating on 3 Célia Michotey BFSn3[Adonis] GS[Adonis] GS Célia Michotey INRA Enzymatic activity of Glutamine FRUC CON Célia Michotey INRA Fructification FRUC[Adonis] 1 Fork gone but transformed into a large branch INRA Célia Michotey S50[Adonis] Slope of the vulnerability curve S50 gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour gW[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Shoots at 50% of their size 35_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_35 Célia Michotey Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) 2 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl 1 ? INRA BBCH_79 Célia Michotey 90% of fruits reached maximum size 79_NB[Adonis] Fork in middle third of the tree 2 dc Crown dieback Célia Michotey germacrene Germacrene content INRA Inner plank surface color BC Inês Chaves BC[Adonis] IBET color da barriga cor da barriga Angle between 30 and 40° 2 4 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles 13 Completely defoliated 0 0 Nothing 2 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining 5 Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex Number of buds at the terminal cluster TB TB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Pore_Round-R IBET Pore Roundness - Radial section PoresRoundness_R PR-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves INRA Ho[Adonis] Célia Michotey Ho Observed heterozygosity WCC INRA/IBET Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WCC[Adonis] Cellulose wood composition Dormant winter bud (late flushing) 1 3 More than 10 non-agglomerated sores 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Dominant tree 3 Other 8 4 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 93 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell cov1[Adonis] Célia Michotey Independant Vegetation/Rock cover INRA cover1 WAP-h Inês Chaves IBET Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h[Adonis] 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 2 4 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks nSBD[Adonis] INRA Number of secondary buds nSecBD Célia Michotey Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible 3 Inês Chaves Cork discontinuities IBET enguy[Adonis] enguy 3 19 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles Leaning tree 3 na Missing data No leaves have fallen 0 BBCH_34 34_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots at 40% of their size INRA The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing 5 TE[Adonis] Terminal bud dead TE Célia Michotey INRA 0 Straight 6 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent Célia Michotey sabinene INRA Sabinene content PoresRoundness_Ta Pore Roundness - Tangential section Inês Chaves PR-Ta[Adonis] Pore_Round-Ta IBET 1 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining Pores Frequency PoF[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Pores Frequency Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell 01 LMA INRA LMA[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf mass per leaf area Alive 0 mbs Multi strands F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed 1 4 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 0 Plagiotropic 2,5 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height BarkT[Adonis] INRA BarkT Célia Michotey Bark thickness Boa 3 Worst color 0 0 Healthy tree Cork ring width Inês Chaves CR-w[Adonis] CR-w IBET Célia Michotey INRA NBASF NBASF[Adonis] Number of years sympotic - forked tree Célia Michotey SW[Adonis] Sinus width INRA SW 3 Fork in upper third of the trre 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) 3 Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Inês Chaves IBET N-2WL[Adonis] 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 3 High allelic diversity Low growth 1 1 Angle close to the right angle 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining 3 BBCH_40 INRA Célia Michotey 40_NB[Adonis] 10% of shoots at growth stop 3 Between 60° and 90° (plain) SUR_R[Adonis] Célia Michotey SUR_Rate Survival rate INRA 95_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_95 50% of leaves faded or fallen INRA Dead -9 2 16_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_16 INRA 60% of leaves/needles out 83 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present 4 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 74 Perfect 10 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET WC% WCP[Adonis] Percentage of compression wood Stem water content Inês Chaves SWC IBET Little early 2 4 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected Sampling ECH[Adonis] Célia Michotey ECH INRA girdling_index Girdling.index CGI[Adonis] Canker_GI Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Canker girdling index Média 5 3Carene 3 carene content Célia Michotey INRA 100 % feuillé, bien vert No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green 5 Célia Michotey Budset INRA BS_score Budset scoring BS_s[Adonis] WoodyPlant ontology 7 Inês Chaves Suberin Alkanols content SuberinAlkanols_CC IBET 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 aspect INRA expo[Adonis] Individual aspect Célia Michotey Between 30° and 60° 2 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 77 INRA NV[Adonis] NV Célia Michotey Number of intercalary veins Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles 11 6 Low allelic diversity 1 Célia Michotey DEV_BBCH INRA Growth BBCH DV_NB[Adonis] IBET RWC Root water content Inês Chaves 2 90° IBET Stem length Stem_L Inês Chaves Dying tree 1 2 Medium allelic diversity 5 Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant 4 83_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_83 30% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 1 Shoots.UK INRA Number of resprouts Shoot[Adonis] Shoots.F Shoots.I Shoots Célia Michotey < 5% None BBCH_31 Célia Michotey Shoots at 10% of their size 31_NB[Adonis] INRA Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles 16 0 no damage 3 Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible Cut 1 20% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 82_NB[Adonis] BBCH_82 INRA 1 Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 5 Straight 3 Beautiful tree, to keep Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant 4 3 Late 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference Refugo 7 1 More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) 4 Thin branches but distributed along the shoot Inês Chaves P-Ta[Adonis] Pore-Ta IBET Pore size -Tangential section PoresArea_Ta AIG[Adonis] Célia Michotey AIG Needles coloration INRA INRA mid[Adonis] mid Célia Michotey Medium ring density 1 Low heterozygosity 1 Angle between 0 and 30° IBET Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC Inês Chaves At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 09 Healthy 1 DESN DESN[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA/IBET Stem drying up grading 1 Dormant winter bud 96_NB[Adonis] INRA 60% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_96 Célia Michotey Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains 0 0 Monoecious (both male and female) 0 Unscathed tree, without damage 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 1 14 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles Low marcescence 1 Célia Michotey Height first living branch HBV INRA HBV[Adonis] Very vigorous 4 Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height 2 68 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Irregular 1 1 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference Significant damages 3 BBCH_92 INRA 20% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey 92_NB[Adonis] 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree 5 36 Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 88 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) 06 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch 0 Célia Michotey tol[Adonis] Tol Tolerance INRA No hypertrophied lenticels 0 2 Abundant 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 1 Dormant winter bud 3 Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) 5 67 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 96 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 3 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 60 - 80% High 4 No fork 2 Codominant tree 81 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 3 Accidentally cut 8 ? 1 The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen 90 Top dry cs A few fruits in a small section of the crown 1 120° 1 Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 65 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 2 3 Many and/or large branches The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 80 The majority of the flower buds began to swell 51 No branch 0 3 Groups: presence of scattered groups 1 Absence: no recruit visible Thin and few branches 5 53 The majority of the flower buds have begun to open 3 Vigorous Little 5 - 20% Angle greater than 55° 4 Between 25 and 50% of the area covered 6 2 Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles 2 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 1 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red 0,5 2 1 to 2 very strong curves Dry tree 4 Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 10 84 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 75 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Chalara very present 3 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 17 8 More than 75% of the area covered 3 Medium 4 Green white bud, beginning of leaves 4 1 On some branches Regular 2 -5 Dead 1 Small Numerous branches concentrated at whorls 2 > 95% Full cover entity 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 0 ? absence 0 Doubtful -5 Crown completely green 4 2 Less vigorous 4 1 to 2 light curves 85 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 4 3 Very marcescent 7 ? 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 2 4 Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 Intermediate 2 Alive and unfrozen 0 1 No damage 1 Flor 4 The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 76 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 5 4 Less than 10% of the area covered 66 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Terpinolene content leaf Terpinolene Terpinolene content molecule content Wood width protocol None Alpha cubebene content leaf molecule content a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content Assessment of alleles quantity in the population Alleles quantity allele quantity NbA Drought damages scoring scale nitrogen content Nitrogen content in leaves Leaf nitrogen content leaf LNC Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve CO2 Internal CO2 concentration leaf Ci Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_33 evaluation Beta pinene content leaf b.pinene molecule content Beta pinene content g % Visual scoring Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale BF Latewood density Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season wood latewood Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface Mean wood density Numerical unknown Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. None Measurement Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity Cork plank uniformity protocol Forking scoring scale on 4 Visual count Visual count Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid cork Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content suberin content Hour BBCH_89 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Needles coloration scoring scale Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. porosity %Pores Cork Porosity cork petiol PETIOL Assessment of petiols without leaves Petiols without leaves leaf None None competition index NCI plant Competition index Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level Independant cover protocol Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). radial parenchyma Wood radial parenchyma thickness Wood radial parenchyma thickness WRP-t thickness Slope angle at the location of the tree Individual slope slope soil slope Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Computation per leaf dry mass Count Counting made with X-Ray X-Ray counting protocol Competition protocol The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Cork ring width protocol None Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  Leaf water content protocol Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_37 evaluation BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Minimal value The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values Assessment of the shape of the tree shape FOR plant Tree shape chlorophyll content leaf Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll b Chl b hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity xylem KS Xylem hydraulic conductivity wood ring Intra-ring variance Intra-ring variance varintracerne Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed Maximal mean value Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Cork industrial quality protocols Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality Content ratio measured by chemical analysis Chemical content ratio protocol SPC Leaf soluble protein content Soluble protein content in leaves protein content leaf Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Stem length protocol neighbors NBVOIS Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree plant Alive neighboring trees quality cork Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage Compression wood WC% Forking scoring scale on 5 cm3 Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Day number protocol Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales BBCH_08 evaluation Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Fork height protocol Competition scoring scale plant Defoliation Assessment of the tree defoliation DF defoliation PriBD Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. quantity primary bud Primary bud quantity wood WF-l fiber lengh Wood fibers lengh Wood fibers lengh wood B ring Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring density Lamina shape Shape of the lamina shape BS lamina plant survival Assessment of the survival state of the tree SUR Survival Calendar day Canker girdling Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus stem lesion Canker_G lobe Lobe width ratio Lobe width ratio lamina LWR None Wood fiber protocol survival Assessment of the survival state of leaves Withered leaves leaf WI Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas cork quality slenderness plant Slenderness Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter C_El Growing lenticel cells N-A&E_lent Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding cells alongating/expanding cork Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation SEX plant Determination of the tree sex Sex determination sex Percentage venation PV venation Percentage venation leaf rEpiBC Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics epicormic branche Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics epicormic Hemicellulose wood composition WHC Hemicellulose wood composition wood hemicellulose content carbon content C Carbon content in wood Wood Carbon content wood Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem bud TE Terminal bud status survival COMP competition plant Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow Competition mass/area leaf Leaf mass per leaf area LMA Leaf mass per leaf area volume Vol Volume Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) H hydrogen content Hydrogen content in wood Wood Hydrogen wood None Pore lenght protocol Stem dry mass SDM Weight of the dry stem biomass stem Basal sweep protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale GIB damages Game damage Assessment of game damages stem Dissolved oxygen content leaf oxygen content DOC Dissolved oxygen content in leaves Pores Area pore area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores area cork cork cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing Dividing lenticel cells N-div_lent Forking score protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² mm Thinning scoring scale Ring surface ring surface surf Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant wood Leaf surface leaf Leaf surface surface LS Half-day Content measured by chemical analysis Chemical content protocol THL Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues Hypertrophied lenticels quantity quantity lenticel Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season Earlywood density wood BI earlywood wood WD Wood density Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood density Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_07 evaluation PhiPS2 protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. AVP Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure Ability to vegetative propagation nP primary branching Assessment of primary branching quantity quantity Primary branching quantity Cork plant thickness cork Cork plank thickness thickness ESP Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward epinasty Epinasty leaf EPI growth unit Growth unit quantity quantity Assessment of growth units quantity NBUC Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree identification ID Identification plant Germacrene content leaf germacrene molecule content Germacrene content epicormic branch quantity EpiBC Epicormic branches quantity Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure None Epicormic percentage protocol Presence/Absence NAAT Terminal bud accident Recording of an accident on the terminal bud bud accident RAM plant Branching degree Branching degree branching Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve Assessment of the branches angle ANG angle branch Branch angle RA quantity Ramicorn quantity ramicorn Assessment of the ramicorn quantity Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker lesion length protocol Wood vessels diameter Wood vessels diameter diameter WV-d wood vessel Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_67 evaluation Net photosynthesis Net photosynthesis net_An Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width crown spread Crown size crown_size plant survival Health status red strip Assessment of the health status related to red band disease SUR Defoliation scoring scale on 5 Pores Frequency Number of pores in frame area pore frequency cork Pores frequency Year of appearance of the reference verticula ANVERE Reference whorl branch appearance Visual scoring BBCH Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Cork discontinuities protocol None Budflush BBCH scoring scale Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Pole protocol Gamma cadidene content g.cadidene molecule content Gamma cadidene content leaf chlorophyll content leaf LCC Leaf chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content in leaves Crown scoring scale Degree celsius Computation per leaf area Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area molecule content leaf Sabinene content Sabinene content sabinene leaf Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II photosystem II PhiPS2 cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Enedioic content Suberin Enedioic content suberin content Frost damages scoring scale Number Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) BBCH_40 evaluation perimeter LP leaf Leaf perimeter Leaf perimeter BBCH_93 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) ROU rust plant Rust cork Cal Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). thickness Caliber Damage scoring scale Sex scoring scale leaf TPC Leaf protein content protein content Protein content in leaves Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation Tolerance protocol Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_88 evaluation None Quenching protocol blossoming Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level Blossoming flower FLO Budset scoring scale Measured below the terminal bud Shoot diameter protocol Numerical unknown - 3 decimals Girdling index BBCH_34 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Stomatal density Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration stomatal density leaf STOM Cork discontinuities enguy cork Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced discontinuities Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Budflush scoring scale sur 8 Shoot growth shoot DEV Assessment of shoots growth growth Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_68 evaluation WP lamina width Lamina largest width Largest width of the lamina Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Increase protocol cm-2 primary epicormic bud PriLBD Epicormic primary bud quantity quantity Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time secondary bud Secondary bud quantity SecBD Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. quantity leaf Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue Chl a chlorophyll content Chlorophyll a Wood fibers thickness WF-t wood fiber thickness Wood fibers thickness Fruits/Cones mean Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_38 evaluation LD Latent Period plant latency Latency measured against a given rust strain forks position Forking score plant Assessment of forks position on the tree FO_score Wood axial parenchyma high Wood axial parenchyma high high axial parenchyma WAP-h Suberin Oleic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide suberin content Suberin Oleic content cork Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_74 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_84 evaluation Rubisco content in leaves rubisco content RQ leaf Leaf rubisco content crown DC dieback Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed Crown dieback Unknown SecLBD Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Epicormic secondary bud quantity secondary epicormic bud quantity mg/g cm Cork ring width CR-w ring width cork Cork ring width mg/g DW cork Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition Uredinia Size scoring scale Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves leaf Delta15N nitrogen discrimination Delta 15N leaf Saccharose content in leaves SACL Leaf saccharose content saccharose content CHAL_nbF chalara Chalara influence on leaves Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number leaf Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels lenticel color DHL Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels cm2 RWC Root water content Amount of water in roots water content root Chalara scoring scale on 5 Lamina length lamina length LL Lamina length seed Seeds quantity quantity GRA Assessment of seeds quantity Thinning protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions Pilodyn protocol µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Degree Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 None Pore area protocol Growth scoring scale nest Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree Nests quantity NID quantity Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Neighbor distance protocol root biomass Weight of the dry root RDM Root dry mass Senescence BBCH scoring scale Monopodic growth monopodic monopodic plant Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. Pores roundness Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. cork Pores Roundness pore roundness stem Forking Notation of the fork appearance fork ANFO Leaf color in autumn leaf color Leaf color LC Survival scoring scale carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. leaf Mass percentage Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season polycyclism Polycyclism nature POLY plant Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins quantity leaf vein Intercalary veins quantity NV Shoots Resprout quantity Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing quantity shoot molecule content a.humulene leaf Alpha humulene content Alpha humulene content The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. Slenderness protocol budset BS_score Assessment of the budset level Budset bud Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene leaf molecule content Beta caryophyllene content Tree flexuosity FLX flexuosity Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree plant Shoot/Root dry mass Shoot to Root dry weight ratio biomass S/RDM shoot/root enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS leaf Specific leaf area leaf Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass specific area SLA Lobe quantity lobe quantity NL Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzymatic activity leaf PEPc kg/m3 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Branches angle protocol 2 Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Rust scoring scale Carotenoid content in leaves Leaf carotenoid content CAR carotenoide content leaf Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll a to b ratio leaf Chl a/b chlorophyll content polyphenols Polysacharide composition Chemical composition in polysacharide Sacharides_CC cork BBCH_81 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) height Tree height HT Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown plant BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_65 evaluation Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off plant marcescence MAR Marcescence Leaf area protocol Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves cm2/g Year Unknown Unknown Chemical composition in polyphenols Polyphenols composition polyphenols cork Phenols_CC Identifier Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood H/S/G molecule content Slope protocol Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Canopy projection protocol quantity Syllep Sylleptic shoots quantity Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot sylleptic shoot Drought damage plant Assessment of drought damages damages SEC Numerical unknown - 1 decimal aSeqBC inclination Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches Sequential branches angle branch BBCH_15 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_75 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Assessment of the bud break level Budflush BF_score break bud Deviation from verticality Measurement of the deviation from the verticality VER deviation verticality plant cork quality Cork quality QUAL Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol Suberin Glycerol content Suberin Glycerol content suberin content plant thinning Thinning ECL Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place bud BF_prec Coefficient of the budflush precocity bud break Budflush precocity BBCH_18 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Inst_Carbon_eff leaf Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_11 evaluation BBCH_36 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Beta myrcene content Beta myrcene content leaf molecule content b.myrcene Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase leaf Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase enzymatic activity GO Branching scoring scale on 3 leaf An/Ci The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. Carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_85 evaluation µm Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants BBCH_50 evaluation sequential branch Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed SeqBC sequential branch Sequential branches quantity Branches angle scoring scale on 4 leaf Mean flush length during the growing season Flush length flush length MFL leaf Transpiration rate transpiration Gs Transpiration rate bud Buds at the terminal cluster TB number Number of buds at the terminal cluster None Lenticels protocol Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Bark thickness protocol Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature BBCH_49 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation Heterozygosity scoring scale Chlorophyll protocol Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. growth shoot AC Growth stop Assessment of the stop of shoots growth cork age scoring scale None Lobe ratio protocol m2.MPa-1.s-1 Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell BBCH_51 evaluation Growth BBCH scoring scale Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_91 evaluation Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Leaf area counting protocol Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. BBCH_03 evaluation water content Amount of water in the stem stem Stem water content SWC Distance individual/neighbor neighbor distance distance plant Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors Observation made by X-Ray X-Ray protocol Ring width protocol None Branching scoring scale on 5 sampling Sample(s) collected on the tree plant REC Harvest population heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population Heterozygosity Heterozygosity Branches angle scoring scale on 3b ETR protocol Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_13 evaluation leaf Leaf staining Leaf staining staining ST master branche Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter Master branches quantity NBBRM quantity sympodic sympodic Sympodial growth plant Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration Penetration opposition stem pilodyn PIL Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed Minimal mean value NBPIED foot Feet quantity Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree quantity forking index plant Forking index Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position FO_index het5 None branch height Height of the branch Branch height HB Suberin Ferulic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid suberin content Suberin Ferulic content cork Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation Suberin chemical content protocol Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis Branch diameter branch DB Assessment of the diameter of the branch diameter Bark thickness BarkT bark thickness Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark Plant width at the soil level in spring width R Plant width at the soil level plant Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus Canker_LL Canker lesion length stem lesion None Wood infradensity protocol Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation Pigments content in leaves pigment content Leaf pigments content leaf TPgC Computation None DEF defects plant Plant defects Assessment of the plant defects Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_76 evaluation Measured by leaves weighing Biomass protocol Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). azimuth The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree Individual aspect soil azimuth Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_96 evaluation Branching habit scoring scale Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Flexuosity protocol Abundance scoring scale Amount of water present in the soil water availability soil Soil water availability SWA NPQ Non-photochemical quenching quenching leaf Non-photochemical quenching Fructification regularity Regularity of the fructification FRUC_REG fructification plant Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha pé de linha Geotropism scoring scale Visual assessment Visual assessment Fork quantity quantity fork Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° FO Detailed survival scoring scale roughness Bark roughness bark BarkR Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark Calliper protocol Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters None plant Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death SEN Senescence senescence Insertion height of the fork Height fork HFO fork height Stone content in the soil around the tree Soil stone content soil stone_content stone content wood width W-w Wood width Wood width µmol.m-2.s-1 Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Variance Branching density plant branch Assessment of the tree branches density BRA method_of mm - no decimal lobe depth Lobe depth ratio LDR Lobe depth ratio Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_32 evaluation BBCH_72 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Vegetation/Rock cover soil cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree cover enzymatic activity Specific activity of rubisco in leaves Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves SAR leaf BBCH_70 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell BBCH_01 evaluation Drying up scoring scale Epinasty scoring scale wood S/G Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents molecule content Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents Shoot diameter RD branch Shoot diameter diameter Leaf electron transport rate ETR electron transport leaf Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Medium value Rachis quantity Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade RACH quantity rachis BBCH_79 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet ‰ Marcescence scoring scale on 3 TRW Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree wood ring width Tree ring width UN Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus uredinia number Uredinia Number carbon content Leaf carbon content CM Carbon content in leaves leaf Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_62 evaluation suberin content Suberin Alkanols content Suberin Alkanols content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols cork Assessment of straightened branch straightening Straightened branch branch BRR Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. BioF plant Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown foliar biomass Foliar biomass parts per million (ppm) Formiga Formiga status quality cork The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue Fructification Assessment of the fructification fructification fruit FRUC Debarking scoring scale Annual increment of cork rings thickness growth Cork annual growth Cork AG cork Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer Plant height protocol Wi Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration leaf water use Water use efficiency Pore lenght pore lenght Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank Pores Length cork Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Budburst scoring scale Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Calliper 130cm protocol mmol H2O m-2 s-1 Debarkings quantity Assessment of debarkings quantity cork debarking N-debark lenticel External hypertrophied lenticels diameter External hypertrophied lenticels diameter EHLD diameter Calendar year Budset date BS_date Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time budset bud The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Average meteo value Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree LV Leaf quantity leaf quantity Gradians Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_63 evaluation Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale epidermal cell Adaxial epidermal cells leaf Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) EP Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade HR pubescence Lamina pubescence lamina Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated replicate plant REP Number of repetitions leaf biomass Weight of the dry leaf LDM Leaf dry mass dm Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation Repetitions protocol Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait soil regeneration Natural regeneration regeneration Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree Cork plank uniformity protocol The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Maximal value Ribbon 1m protocol Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time Epicormic bud quantity LBD epicormic bud quantity Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper - largest branch protocol Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_78 evaluation Individuals sampling for a specific study selection ECH Sampling plant Regularity scoring scale Abundance in crown scoring scale Stable isotope analysis None Wood infradensity Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood WID infradensity wood Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale Budflush scoring protocol Lobe width lobe Lobe width LW width Sequential branches volume Assessment of the sequential branches volume quantity vSeqBC sequential branch Pollarding scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_16 evaluation Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Delta C13 Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves Delta13C carbon discrimination leaf g/100g Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale petiol Petiole length PL Petiole length length BBCH_71 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Wood vessel protocol None Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Forking index protocol Circumference increment stem circumference ICIR Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem Ratio Petiol ratio protocol None Photosystem II operating efficiency leaf Photosystem II operating efficiency photosystem II AnII_Ef BBCH_60 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Branches angle scoring scale on 3 Armillaria ARM armillaria Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree plant WAP-t Wood axial parenchyma thickness axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma thickness thickness µmol electron m-2 s-1 leaf Limonene molecule content Limonene content Limonene content a.copaene molecule content Alpha copaene content Alpha copaene content leaf BBCH_94 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell NBS Number of secateur knocks when shaping pruning Secateur knocks number plant mg/cm2 The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope Aspect protocol The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Maximal meteo value Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem Height increment IH plant height STAT status plant Assessment of the tree status Tree status Branches angle scoring scale on 5 GEL damages Assessment of frost damages Frost damage plant Survival state scoring scale Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_92 evaluation SLA protocol Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) Crown chalara scoring scale Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_61 evaluation LWC leaf water content Amount of water in leaves Leaf water content Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Fruits/Cones protocol Delta cadidene content molecule content Delta cadidene content leaf d.cadidene mol.m-2.s-1 g/m2 length Stem length stem Stem length Stem_L Regeneration scoring scale Soil water availability Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) canker quantity Canker quantity Canker Assessment of canker quantity Leaf mass/area protocol The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid cork suberin content Wood vessels cell wall thickness Wood vessels cell wall thickness cell wall thickness WV-CW-t wood vessel BBCH_64 evaluation Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Trunk height protocol Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage Additional feet foot NBPIEDSUP quantity plant Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection SEL selection Phenotypic note BBCH_86 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) CHAL Chalara plant Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea chalara Diameter of terminal bud diameter TBD bud Terminal bud diameter Drought defects scoring scale Colorimetric determination Colorimetric protocol Yes/No Minimal meteo value The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Blossoming BBCH scoring scale Plagiotropy PLAG geotropism plant Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. nkat/mg color BC Inner plank surface color cork Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time break bud BF_date Budflush date soil depth soil_depth Soil depth around the tree Soil depth Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. Epicormic quantity quantity epicormic Epis Annual increase ACC increase Annual increase circumference CIR Tree circumference Circumference of the tree main stem stem None Leaf surface protocol Chrysomela leaf consumed area Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) Chrysomela consumed area leaf Photo plant Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found observation photo Collar diameter protocol Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_95 evaluation Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine Suberin Tyramine content Suberin Tyramine content suberin content cork CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) Cork Porosity protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 Chalara scoring scale on 3 Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. Leaf relative water content protocol Double feet quantity Assessment of double feet quantity quantity double feet DP None Nail size protocol BBCH_55 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. shoot Shoot dry mass dry mass Shoot dry mass SHDM None Cork age protocol Assessment of the basal curve basal curve Basal sweep stem CB PR Petiole ratio petiol Petiole ratio population Temperature temperature Temperature on the site of the population Temp Status scoring scale stem Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy HTrunk Height trunk height Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores Bud date protocol Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. NADH protocol Rainfall on the site of the population population Prec precipitation Rainfall Fructification BBCH scoring scale Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal Comments plant COM observation Cork defects - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. LA Leaf area area leaf Total area of the leaf Stomatal conductance to water vapour stomatal conductance gW leaf Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus US Uredinia Size size uredinia Number of individuals in the population Number of individuals plant quantity NbI branch Shoot diameter increase Shoot diameter increase diameter IRD high Wood radial parenchyma high Wood radial parenchyma high radial parenchyma WRP-h volume Epicormic branches volume vEpiBC Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches epicormic branche WCC Cellulose wood composition Cork chemical composition in cellulose cellulose content wood Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population AR population Allelic richness allelic richness Stomatal conductance to CO2 stomatal conductance Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf gC leaf cell lygnifying N-Lygn_lent Lygnifying lenticel cells Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying cork Branching habit Branching habit branch BRAH Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Ribbon 130cm protocol elevation Individual elevation plant elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level Sylleptic shoot protocol Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season a.pinene molecule content Alpha pinene content leaf Alpha pinene content Cork thickness after boiling protocol To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. Assessment of the growth of the tree Tree growth GR plant growth Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Crown size protocol Nail inclusions Area of the nail inclusions cork Prego nail inclusions mm2 Blossoming scoring scale Weight of the plant dry matter plant Dry matter TDM biomass BBCH_77 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet SI Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area leaf Stomatal index stomatal index Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_39 evaluation Marcescence scoring scale on 6 Mean value Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values Budflush scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_17 evaluation Day whorl DEF_V default Whorl defects Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration BBCH_45 evaluation stem Diameter of the tree main stem D Stem diameter diameter Leaf counting protocol Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant CNL protocol Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population Fis Fixation index population panmixia cork Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid suberin content BBCH_82 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_12 evaluation Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. Spike protocol BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth Index Assessment of flushes during the growing season Flush flush NF plant slope Slope of the vulnerability curve S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve vulnerability curve Number/area relief cork Inner plank surface relief BR Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface cork quality Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying WT% Tension wood Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 molecule content 3 carene content leaf 3Carene 3 carene content None Computation per gram of protein Woodpecker Woodpecker status The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. cork quality BBCH_69 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Cork plank color protocol Expert visual assessment for cork belly color m nitrogen/carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon leaf LN/LC Debarking protocol None Bark roughness scoring scale BBCH_99 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. BBCH_09 evaluation Capillary electrophoresis Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Uredia number protocol Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Assimilation rate A leaf Assimilation rate assimilation drying up DES Stem drying up Assessment of the drying up level of the stem plant linha vpm [C02] BBCH_00 evaluation Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants Assessment of the Larch needles coloration color Needles coloration needle AIG Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol None Wood parenchyma protocol camphene leaf Camphene content molecule content Camphene content Lobe depth protocol None Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. Latent period protocol Cork plank color scoring scale mg/L BBCH_35 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Virtual plot protocol Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Obversity protocol None BBCH_73 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet length LPOUS shoot Shoot length Total length of the shoot BBCH_87 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) variable_of Wood density at 12% moisture content Wood density protocol Shape scoring scale Survival scoring scale 2 BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Senescence scoring scale Leaf coloration scoring scale Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content cork suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chlorophyll ratio protocol None Pore roundness protocol sinus width Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf SW Sinus width P50 presure Xylem pressure xylem Xylem pressure BBCH_98 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. leaf photosynthetic rate An Photosynthetic rate Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants Tol Tolerance plant tolerance µmol CO2 / mmol H2O leaf enzymatic activity HPR Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase Cover scoring scale Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open BBCH_53 evaluation Bark thickness mean Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Polycyclism scoring scale Cork thickness before boiling protocol Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Eelness scoring score Curves scoring scale on 5 canopy_projection Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) diameter crown Canopy projection None Computation per gram of nitrogen Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. cork Terrentas/Barrentas quality Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar Collar protocol Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas cork Cork Eelness eels Percentage venation protocol None cork suberin content Total suberin content Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores Total suberin content Fructification scoring scale Selection scoring scale cork quality Cobrilha Cobrilha status The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene Allelic richness scoring scale Cumulative value Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid suberin content cork Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation Budset protocol Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Branch diameter scoring scale Defects scoring scale Comsumed leaf protocol Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Broadleaves budflush scoring scale Precocity scoring scale Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. scale_of