Pore_L-R PoresLength_R Inês Chaves PL-R[Adonis] Pore Length - Radial section IBET INRA Rubisco quantity per leaf area RQa RQa[Adonis] Célia Michotey SHDM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoot dry mass INRA SHDM 0,5 F1 fully stretched comparable to older leaves apical but of older leaves, apical bud of fully closed between green and red CHAL_nbF Chalara influence on leaves Célia Michotey C_nbF[Adonis] INRA 14 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. Pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles Célia Michotey NM.F INRA LNC NM[Adonis] NM Leaf nitrogen content Height.UK HT[Adonis] HT Tree total height Height.F INRA/IBET TH Height.I Célia Michotey H IBET ESP[Adonis] Inês Chaves espessura ESP thickness Cork thickness before boiling Inês Chaves PR-Ta[Adonis] Pore_Round-Ta IBET Pore Roundness - Tangential section PoresRoundness_Ta BBCH_15 Célia Michotey 15_NB[Adonis] INRA 50% of leaves/needles out cov1[Adonis] cover1 Célia Michotey Independant Vegetation/Rock cover INRA DT[Adonis] INRA DT Trunk diameter below largest branch Célia Michotey 00 Dormant winter bud PL Petiole length Célia Michotey INRA PL[Adonis] POLY[Adonis] Polycyclism nature Célia Michotey INRA POLY Expected heterozygosity Célia Michotey INRA He He[Adonis] LCCa Leaf chlorophyll content per leaf area Célia Michotey INRA LCCa[Adonis] Smooth bark, some cracks 1 HPR Célia Michotey Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase INRA HPR[Adonis] 90° 2 Armillaria Célia Michotey INRA ARM[Adonis] ARMILL ARM Presence of attack and necrosis on a lateral shoot 4 Célia Michotey INRA Variance of late wood density values VI_BF[Adonis] varintraBF NAAT[Adonis] INRA Number of years with terminal bud accident NAAT Célia Michotey Pore-Ta PoresArea_Ta Pore size -Tangential section P-Ta[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves INRA Lamina basal shape Célia Michotey BS[Adonis] BS Pore_L-Tr PL-Tr[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves PoresLength_Tr Pore Length - Transversal section NBAMF Célia Michotey Number of years monopodic - forked tree INRA NBAMF[Adonis] Xylem hydraulic conductivity KS[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA KS INRA/IBET LWC[Adonis] LWC% Leaf water content Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Fork gone but transformed into a large branch 1 INRA 3Carene 3 carene content Célia Michotey Low 20 - 40% INRA max5-min5 het5[Adonis] Célia Michotey het5 delta-13C Delta.F D13C[Adonis] d13Cf delta C13 Delta13C INRA/IBET Leaf carbone isotope discrimination discriC13 d13C Célia Michotey Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency IBET Inês Chaves Inst_Carbon_eff IBET W_w[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood width W-w Epicormic branches per epicormics Célia Michotey INRA rEpiBC rEBC[Adonis] Cork Quality IBET QUAL[Adonis] QUAL Inês Chaves LP Célia Michotey INRA Leaf perimeter LP[Adonis] nSBC[Adonis] INRA Number of sequential branches nSeqBC Célia Michotey F2 fully stretched no bud structure 2 4 Buds completely opened with leaves still clustered together but flushing, scales still present BBCH_91 91_NB[Adonis] 10% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA germacrene Germacrene content BRAH[Adonis] INRA Branching habit BRAH Célia Michotey UN[Adonis] Célia Michotey UN INRA Uredinia Number Inês Chaves WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness IBET WRP-t[Adonis] BF_score_BL Bud burst Bud break Budflush.F Budflush.I Broadleaves budflush scoring BF_BL[Adonis] Célia Michotey Budflush.UK INRA Budflush DEB Male 1 Célia Michotey PLAG[Adonis] INRA Plagiotropy PLAG IBET Pore_L-Ta PoresLength_Ta Inês Chaves Pore Length - Tangential section PL-Ta[Adonis] 06 At least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Inês Chaves An/Ci Leaf carboxylation efficiency IBET AR_bis Célia Michotey INRA Allelic richness AR2[Adonis] Dry tree 4 TB[Adonis] TB Célia Michotey INRA Number of buds at the terminal cluster BBCH_72 72_NB[Adonis] 20% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey INRA gC INRA gC[Adonis] Stomatal conductance to CO2 Célia Michotey 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 84 INRA CHALC[Adonis] CHALCOL LCH Collar Chalara Célia Michotey Bud-burst, first green is visible (intermediate) 2 Célia Michotey INRA ND ND[Adonis] Number of day to reach budburst BBCH_64 Célia Michotey 40% of flowers sexually mature INRA 64_NB[Adonis] BBCH_82 20% of fruits mature Célia Michotey INRA 82_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey 61_NB[Adonis] 10% of flowers sexually mature BBCH_61 HBM[Adonis] Height first dead branch HBM Célia Michotey INRA vEpiBC Epicormic branch volume Célia Michotey INRA vEBC[Adonis] Groups: presence of scattered groups 3 Medium 40 - 60% cov2[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Relative Vegetation/Rock cover cover2 3 Many and/or large branches IBET SuberinAlkanols_CC Inês Chaves Suberin Alkanols content NBRACH Célia Michotey INRA NBR[Adonis] Rachis number 1 Small BiomF BioF BioF[Adonis] Foliar biomass Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA 76_NB[Adonis] 60% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_76 Crown dieback INRA/IBET DC DC[Adonis] Célia Michotey DCI WP[Adonis] INRA Lamina largest width Célia Michotey WP BS_d[Adonis] date15.3 Budset date INRA date15.F date15 BS_date date15.3.F date15.I date15.UK Célia Michotey FRUC_REG Fructification regularity Célia Michotey FRU_R[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves S:R S/RDM INRA/IBET SDM/RDM S/RDM[Adonis] Shoot/Root dry mass Bud sprouting with tips of the small leaves emerging out of the scales, first green is visible 3 ROU[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Rust ROU First leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey 90_NB[Adonis] BBCH_90 INRA 70% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 67 INRA elevation Elevation elev[Adonis] Célia Michotey 90% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 69 Leaf saccharose content Célia Michotey INRA SACL SACL[Adonis] SWA IBET Inês Chaves Soil water availability Célia Michotey BBCH_32 INRA 32_NB[Adonis] Shoots at 20% of their size Less than 10% of affected shoots 1 nEpiBC nEBC[Adonis] Number of epicormic branches Célia Michotey INRA S50[Adonis] S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve Célia Michotey INRA INRA SAR SAR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves Doubtful 1 DF_n3[Adonis] Célia Michotey Defoliation - rating on 3 INRA DF_n3 Healthy tree 0 Célia Michotey INRA SEN[Adonis] Senescence SEN WF-t IBET WF-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood fibers thickness BBCH_67 Célia Michotey INRA 67_NB[Adonis] 70% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey Mean assimilation rate Amean INRA Amean[Adonis] INRA TPCa Total protein content per leaf area Célia Michotey TPCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey RQp[Adonis] RQp INRA Rubisco content per gram of proteins IBET Leaf number Inês Chaves Lf Lf[Adonis] LA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LAR INRA/IBET LA[Adonis] Leaf area 3 INRA 80% of leaves/needles out 18_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_18 10% of leaves/needles out BBCH_11 Célia Michotey INRA 11_NB[Adonis] SEL[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA SEL Phenotypic note Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_97 70% of leaves faded or fallen 97_NB[Adonis] Tree unharmed, not attacked 5 100% of crack bark, moderate cracks 4 IBET Inês Chaves An Photosynthetic rate Célia Michotey INRA NL NL[Adonis] Number of lobes BBCH_92 Célia Michotey 20% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 92_NB[Adonis] Mean late wood density Célia Michotey mBF INRA mBF[Adonis] Chalara difficult to see or visible but weak 1 CIRC_B Tree circumference at the collar CIR_B CIR_Base CIBAS CCO CIR_B[Adonis] CBAS Célia Michotey INRA INRA mer_ls US[Adonis] US Uredinia size Célia Michotey ECL ECL[Adonis] Célia Michotey CLOI Thinning INRA Acute angle greater than 45 ° 2 IBET preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas Inês Chaves NV Célia Michotey NV[Adonis] Number of intercalary veins INRA INRA LCCm[Adonis] Chlorophyll content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey LCCm Inês Chaves eels Cork Eelness eels[Adonis] IBET Célia Michotey INRA sabinene Sabinene content % Pore size - Tangential section IBET % Pore-Ta Inês Chaves PorosityCoef_Ta PP-Ta[Adonis] Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork Inês Chaves cork S/G IBET HTr[Adonis] Height trunk HTrunk Célia Michotey INRA Leaf Staining ST[Adonis] Célia Michotey ST INRA DP DP[Adonis] INRA Double feet Célia Michotey NBRA Célia Michotey NBRA[Adonis] Ramicorn number INRA d13Cc INRA/IBET Wood carbon 13 Carbon 13 13C 13C[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves nFork Célia Michotey Forks number - x-ray INRA nFork[Adonis] Increase of diameter below the apical bud Célia Michotey drd INRA IRD[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 3 INRA Angle[Adonis] ANG_n3b Célia Michotey NBAMD Number of years monopodic - straight tree Célia Michotey INRA NBAMD[Adonis] Suberin Oleic content SuberinOleicA_CC IBET Inês Chaves SuberinGlycerol_CC Suberin Glycerol content IBET Inês Chaves IBET Inês Chaves Root water content RWC MAR_n4 Marcescence - rating on 4 Célia Michotey INRA MARn4[Adonis] Doubtful -5 2 Bud enlarge and starting to flush, first green is visible at the tip Sacharides_CC Polysacharide cork composition IBET Inês Chaves SEX Célia Michotey SEX[Adonis] INRA Sex determination regeneration rege[Adonis] Célia Michotey Natural regeneration INRA NBVOIS Alive neighboring trees Célia Michotey NBV[Adonis] INRA Dormant winter buds Célia Michotey 00_NB[Adonis] BBCH_00 INRA Branching - rating on 3 INRA BRA_n3 Célia Michotey BRAn3[Adonis] INRA FLXn3[Adonis] Flexuosity - rating on 3 FLX_n3 Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA Mean intrinsic water use efficiency MWi MWi[Adonis] DGB Diameter largest branch Célia Michotey INRA DGB[Adonis] Health status red strip Célia Michotey INRA ESBR[Adonis] ESBR Ramicorn Célia Michotey RA[Adonis] INRA RA Leaf chlorophyll content Célia Michotey INRA LCC[Adonis] LCC NBF_m[Adonis] NBF_mean Célia Michotey INRA Fruits/Cones number mean Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_87 87_NB[Adonis] 70% of fruits mature Fork in lower third of the tree 1 20% of leaves/needles out 12_NB[Adonis] BBCH_12 Célia Michotey INRA AC[Adonis] Growth stop AC Célia Michotey August shots INRA 0 Kept Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves RW INRA/IBET Tree ring width I TRW Growth ring width TRW[Adonis] Annual ring width ARW Célia Michotey INRA Maximum water use efficiency MaxWi[Adonis] MaxWi Mean minimum temperature Temp_MIN Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey INRA nLBD nLBD[Adonis] Number of latent buds 2 3 Medium GIB[Adonis] GIB Game damage INRA/IBET Célia Michotey 3 Late Shoots at 70% of their size Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_37 37_NB[Adonis] Chalara on the tree lower part CHALB Célia Michotey CHALinf INRA CHAB[Adonis] Tree completely dry, the main axis and lateral shoots remain 1 BBCH_80 80_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA First fruits mature Shoots.F Shoot[Adonis] Célia Michotey Shoots.UK Shoots INRA Number of resprouts Shoots.I girdling_index Canker_GI Girdling.index Canker girdling index INRA/IBET Célia Michotey CGI[Adonis] Crown without damage 0 2 4 to 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point HRn[Adonis] HRn Pubescence along the veins INRA Célia Michotey Marcescence coefficient MAR_coef Célia Michotey MARc[Adonis] INRA 1 Alive and frozen Minimal ring density mi Célia Michotey INRA mi[Adonis] INRA 60% of flowers sexually mature 66_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_66 INRA varintraBI VI_BI[Adonis] Variance of early wood density values Célia Michotey 4 INRA 71_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_71 10% of fruits reached maximum size R_mass Root biomass RDM RDW INRA/IBET RDM[Adonis] Root dry mass Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Syllep.F INRA Syllep.UK Syllep.I RAMA Syllep Célia Michotey Sylle[Adonis] Number of sylleptic shoots 4 Thin branches but distributed along the shoot NDEFV[Adonis] Célia Michotey Whorl defects INRA NBDEF_V RQ[Adonis] CRL Célia Michotey RQ INRA Rubisco content in leaves Competition index NCI NCI[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Hydrogen 2 Wood Hydrogen 2 IBET Inês Chaves 2H 2H[Adonis] Wood density WD[Adonis] WD IBET Inês Chaves 1 Dying tree Refugo 7 WID Wood infradensity WID[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Célia Michotey GELN[Adonis] GELN Frost damage note Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_77 70% of fruits reached maximum size 77_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_36 36_NB[Adonis] INRA Shoots at 60% of their size CARa[Adonis] CARa Célia Michotey INRA Carotenoid content per leaf area COMP COMP[Adonis] INRA Competition Célia Michotey 10% of shoots at growth stop Célia Michotey INRA 40_NB[Adonis] BBCH_40 0 No branch 13 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. Pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles 10 Best color 2 Regular CHALHOU Célia Michotey INRA CHALH[Adonis] Crown Chalara 3 Up to 75% of affected shoots Maximum assimilation rate Célia Michotey INRA Amax Amax[Adonis] 2 1 to 2 very strong curves acronym 75 % à 90 % du feuillage restant 4 75 to 100% of the leaves have fallen ESb SURb Célia Michotey Health status Survival INRA SURb[Adonis] INRA Sinus width SW[Adonis] Célia Michotey SW Missing data na Stem dry mass SDM[Adonis] Stem biomass INRA/IBET S_mass SDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves SDM INRA Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase GO[Adonis] GO Célia Michotey SuberinThreo2OHoctadecanoicA_CC Inês Chaves Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content IBET a.copaene Alpha copaene content Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_50 Célia Michotey INRA Dormant winter flower bud 50_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves Cobri[Adonis] Cobrilha IBET Cobrilha % Pore size - Transversal section PorosityCoef_Tr IBET PP-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves % Pore-Tr gwmean[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Mean stomatal conductance gwmean Very numerous branches, large, concentrated double at the whorls and/or distributed along the shoot 1 Mean early wood density Célia Michotey INRA mBI mBI[Adonis] IBET Pores Roundness Inês Chaves Pores Roundness PoR[Adonis] Nail size percentage - Transversal section % nail Area_Tr % Prego-Tr PN-Tr[Adonis] IBET NailInclusionsCoef_Tr Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Transversal section Little early 2 Célia Michotey INRA Intra-ring variance varintracerne VIC[Adonis] Célia Michotey 90% of fruits mature 89_NB[Adonis] BBCH_89 INRA INRA Nests number NBNPRO NBN[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBN 89 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) INRA Number of additional feet NBPS[Adonis] NBPIEDSUP Célia Michotey INRA photo Célia Michotey Photo photo[Adonis] Up to 99% of affected shoots, tree almost dead 4 BBCH_14 14_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 40% of leaves/needles out INRA Top dry cs 31 Shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Scattered: few, scattered individuals 2 5 Big 3 More than 2 rolled-up young leaves 6 Embossed leaves HGB[Adonis] INRA Height largest branch HGB Célia Michotey Chalara easy to see 2 Shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 37 Célia Michotey Leaf mass per leaf area INRA LMA LMA[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Double feet number NBDP[Adonis] NBDP 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 94 CR-w[Adonis] CR-w Cork ring width IBET Inês Chaves 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 81 vSBC[Adonis] vSeqBC Sequential branches volume Célia Michotey INRA INRA BF_BBCH BF_NB[Adonis] Budflush BBCH Célia Michotey IBET AnII_Ef Inês Chaves Photosystem II operating efficiency Célia Michotey INRA Beta caryophyllene content b.caryophyllene 36 Shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) FR_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FRUC_BBCH Fructification BBCH Maximum stomatal conductance Célia Michotey gwmax[Adonis] INRA gwmax Célia Michotey INRA Senescence BBCH SEN_BBCH SE_NB[Adonis] Enzymatic activity of Glutamine GS INRA GS[Adonis] Célia Michotey %N[Adonis] %N Leaf nitrogen content Célia Michotey %N INRA Célia Michotey INRA Volume Vol Vol[Adonis] Nail size area - Transversal section IBET Wood inclusions area - Transversal section area Inês Chaves NS-Tr[Adonis] Prego-Tr nail Area_Tr WHC[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WHC Hemicellulose wood composition INRA/IBET WRP-h Inês Chaves WRP-h[Adonis] Wood radial parenchyma high IBET Crown starts yellowing 3 1 Healthy 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 95 Ring surface Célia Michotey surf INRA surf[Adonis] 1 Tree to cut Fork(s) only in the lower half of the tree height 2 Annual increase Célia Michotey INRA ACC[Adonis] ACC IBET WAP-h Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma high WAP-h[Adonis] Limonene Célia Michotey Limonene content INRA nail Area_Ta NS-Ta[Adonis] Wood inclusions area - Tangential section area Inês Chaves Prego-Ta Nail size area - Tangential section IBET INRA STAT STAT[Adonis] Célia Michotey Status Green 1 3 NbCones Nb_cone Célia Michotey NBCON INRA NBF Fruits/Cones number NBF[Adonis] Nb_cones % Prego-R Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Radial section area NailInclusionsCoef_R PN-R[Adonis] %nail Area_Tr IBET Nail size percentage - Radial section Terrentas/Barrentas Terrentas/Barrentas IBET Inês Chaves CNB[Adonis] Célia Michotey Canker number INRA NBCH NBCHA Canker_nb Percentage of late wood Célia Michotey pBF[Adonis] INRA pBF Woodpecker IBET Inês Chaves Pica-pau Woodp[Adonis] Woodpecker At least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales 08 ICIR[Adonis] deltaC.F ICIR Circumference increment deltaCIRC Célia Michotey deltaC INRA deltaC.I High heterozygosity 3 0 Fork gone and not transformed into a large branch canop[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Canopy projection canopy_projection INRA nSecBD Number of secondary buds Célia Michotey nSBD[Adonis] 38_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_38 Shoots at 80% of their size INRA Célia Michotey LD LD[Adonis] Latent Period INRA 4 Média SEC INRA/IBET Célia Michotey FS FSE Drought damage SEC[Adonis] A Assimilation rate Célia Michotey INRA A[Adonis] SuberinFerulicA_CC IBET Suberin Ferulic content Inês Chaves GIBN Célia Michotey INRA GIBN[Adonis] Game damage note Leaf_CO2_curve Inês Chaves IBET Leaf CO2 light response curve WTP[Adonis] Percentage of tension wood Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves WT% INRA/IBET 1/2 of the total height of the plant dry 2 Célia Michotey INRA RAM RAM[Adonis] Branching degree 5 Between 10 and 25% of the area covered 0 Tree completely dry, only the main axis remains Célia Michotey 06_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_06 10% of the bud burst Detailed health status Célia Michotey ESDET INRA ESD[Adonis] NSEC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Drought damage note INRA SECN Conifers budflush scoring INRA BF_score_CO BF_CO[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DEV_BBCH Growth BBCH DV_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey 34 Shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) More than 75% of the area covered 8 Fis Célia Michotey Fis[Adonis] Fixation index INRA 75_NB[Adonis] 50% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_75 Célia Michotey INRA INRA Budburst date Budflush date BF_d[Adonis] BF_date Célia Michotey N-debark Inês Chaves Number of debarkings N-deb[Adonis] IBET Tree growth Vigor Célia Michotey GR INRA GR[Adonis] NBCH[Adonis] NBCH Célia Michotey Collar canker number INRA Célia Michotey DESC INRA COM Comments COM[Adonis] Observations 1 Few and/or thin branches 4 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots are codominant C/N C/N[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA C/N C:N Leaf carbon-to-nitrogen ratio LC[Adonis] COUL Célia Michotey Leaf color INRA LC IBET Cork Porosity Inês Chaves %Pores PP[Adonis] 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 73 Célia Michotey Distance individual/neighbor DIST[Adonis] DIST INRA 31_NB[Adonis] BBCH_31 Célia Michotey Shoots at 10% of their size INRA CHAL_n3 Célia Michotey CHALn3[Adonis] INRA Chalara on the tree - rating on 3 Célia Michotey DEF_S[Adonis] INRA DEF_SEC Drought damage defects D_S TBD[Adonis] Diameter of terminal bud Célia Michotey TBD INRA Célia Michotey ANG_n5 INRA ANGn5[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 5 Célia Michotey HBV INRA Height first living branch HBV[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Chl a/b Chlorophyll a to b ratio Stem_L IBET Inês Chaves Stem length 2 Codominant tree relevo da barriga IBET Inês Chaves BR[Adonis] Inner plank surface uniformity BR Inner plank surface relief Célia Michotey 63_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_63 30% of flowers sexually mature calibre IBET Cork plank thickness Cal[Adonis] Cal Caliber Inês Chaves Gr Célia Michotey Seeds INRA GRA[Adonis] GRA Pore size - Radial section IBET Pore-R PoresArea_R Inês Chaves P-R[Adonis] Inês Chaves color da barriga Inner plank surface color BC[Adonis] BC IBET cor da barriga Inês Chaves Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in wood wood S/G IBET soil_depth Célia Michotey Soil depth INRA depth[Adonis] Damaged tree 2 Bud burst BF_B[Adonis] Célia Michotey BF_score_B INRA WCP[Adonis] INRA/IBET WC% Percentage of compression wood Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves 5 INRA NBASD Célia Michotey Number of years sympodic - straight tree NBASD[Adonis] INRA ANG_n4 ANGn4[Adonis] Branch angle - rating on 4 Célia Michotey D DBH[Adonis] DIA INRA/IBET Célia Michotey Tree diameter DBH 40% of fruits mature 84_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_84 INRA CM CM[Adonis] CM.F Leaf carbon content Célia Michotey Blossoming BBCH FL_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FLO_BBCH 1 Inês Chaves Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content IBET SuberinAlkanoicA_CC Chl a IBET Chlorophyll a Inês Chaves FRUC_AB Fructification abundance Célia Michotey FRU_A[Adonis] INRA crown[Adonis] Célia Michotey Crown size Crown spread crown_size INRA INRA Petiole ratio Célia Michotey PR[Adonis] PR 3 Boa AVP Célia Michotey INRA AVP[Adonis] Ability to vegetative propagation INRA BarkR[Adonis] BarkR Bark roughness Célia Michotey nPriBD nPBD[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Number of primary buds Inês Chaves Chlorophyll b IBET Chl b INRA REC[Adonis] Harvest Célia Michotey REC NbA[Adonis] INRA NbA Célia Michotey Number of alleles BFSn8[Adonis] Budflush scoring - rating on 8 DEBFAGUS BF_score_n8 Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_78 INRA 78_NB[Adonis] 80% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey Célia Michotey Leaf surface LS[Adonis] INRA LS Up to 50% of affected shoots 2 Marcescence - rating on 6 Célia Michotey MAR_n6 INRA MARn6[Adonis] Delgadinha (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 18 mm) 5 Formiga Formiga Formi[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey WI INRA Withered leaves WI[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA DHL[Adonis] Date maximum color level of visible hypertrophied lenticels DHL Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves LNCm[Adonis] INRA/IBET LNCm Leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass 98 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Célia Michotey Forking year INRA ANFO[Adonis] ANFO deltaH Height increment IHeight Célia Michotey IH[Adonis] HI INRA HPOU IH deltaH.F Almost spread leaves, start of shoot 7 Célia Michotey INRA 96_NB[Adonis] BBCH_96 60% of leaves faded or fallen EP EP[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Epidermal cells per adaxial leaf area 1 F1 fully stretched with juvenile aspect, F2 comparable to older leaves apical bud not fully closed Number of dry years on the stem INRA DES DES[Adonis] Célia Michotey Dead tree 5 PV[Adonis] Célia Michotey Percentage venation INRA PV FLX5b[Adonis] Célia Michotey Flexuosity - rating on 5b FLX_n5b INRA Nothing 0 INRA 80% of fruits mature Célia Michotey BBCH_88 88_NB[Adonis] Canker lesion length Canker_LL Canker.length INRA/IBET Célia Michotey CLL[Adonis] canker_length BBCH_86 60% of fruits mature Célia Michotey 86_NB[Adonis] INRA 2 to 3 cm of diameter at the insertion point 4 Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II IBET Inês Chaves PhiPS2 Nail size area - Radial section Inês Chaves Prego-R Wood inclusions area - Radial section nail Area_R NS-R[Adonis] IBET 2 Doubtful NBBR[Adonis] Célia Michotey Branches number INRA NBBR NBBRA Irregular 1 nE[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Number of epicormics nEpis 62_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_62 20% of flowers sexually mature INRA CARm Carotenoid content per leaf dry mass CARm[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_69 Célia Michotey 90% of flowers sexually mature INRA 69_NB[Adonis] PR-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pore_Round-Tr Pore Roundness - Transverse section IBET PoresRoundness_Tr 16 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. Pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles Alive 0 Célia Michotey INRA a.pinene Alpha pinene content Célia Michotey INRA BRR[Adonis] Straightened branch BRR Straight 5 cork H/S/G Inês Chaves Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents in cork IBET IBET PoLe[Adonis] Pores Length Inês Chaves Pores Length 25 to 50% of the foliage remaining 2 Hanging down (> 90°) 5 BBCH_17 Célia Michotey 70% of leaves/needles out INRA 17_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey R[Adonis] INRA R Plant width at the soil level DOC Célia Michotey INRA DOC[Adonis] Dissolved oxygen content Célia Michotey Fructification note FRUCN INRA FRUCN[Adonis] Célia Michotey ma[Adonis] INRA ma Maximal ring density 2 Célia Michotey Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon INRA LN/LC LN/LC[Adonis] 93 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell INRA/IBET DESN[Adonis] Célia Michotey DESN Stem drying up grading Plagiotropic 0 Slight to moderate bends in different directions (weak) 3 Célia Michotey Chrysomela leaf consumed area CLCA[Adonis] INRA Chrysomela delta N15 Leaf nitrogen isotope discrimination Célia Michotey Delta15N D15N[Adonis] INRA d15N 2nd quarter (between 45° and 67°) 3 No symptom 0 INRA AR AR[Adonis] Allelic richness Célia Michotey INRA NF[Adonis] NF Number of flushes Célia Michotey Célia Michotey INRA a.cubebene Alpha cubebene content net_An IBET Net photosynthesis Inês Chaves 2 Average tree ANGn3[Adonis] INRA ANG_n3 Branch angle - rating on 3 Célia Michotey More than 1 pollarding 2 g.cadidene Célia Michotey Gamma cadidene content INRA Budflush scoring - rating on 3 Célia Michotey BFSn3[Adonis] BF_score_n3 INRA Height fork HFO HTF Célia Michotey INRA HFO[Adonis] Broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. Pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. Other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. 10 RECD INRA RECD[Adonis] Célia Michotey Harvest date Healthy, no sore 1 LL[Adonis] LL Lamina length Célia Michotey INRA mid Medium ring density Célia Michotey mid[Adonis] INRA Leaf photosynthesis light response curve IBET Leaf_An_curve Inês Chaves Superior 2 Pores Area IBET PoA[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pores Area Green white bud, beginning of leaves 4 3 Fairly large but few branches per whorl N-AEL[Adonis] IBET Lenticels : number of cells alongating/expanding Inês Chaves N-A&E_lent More than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 2 NBS Célia Michotey NBS[Adonis] INRA Secateur knocks number TAI Célia Michotey Obversity OB[Adonis] INRA Lamina shape OB Célia Michotey 51_NB[Adonis] INRA Flower buds swelling BBCH_51 Inês Chaves Wood fibers lengh WF-l[Adonis] IBET WF-l DCS[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Crown dieback status DCS Worst color 0 2 Inflated bud 68_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_68 INRA 80% of flowers sexually mature NBREC[Adonis] Célia Michotey NBREC CONREC INRA Harvest number Leaf electron transport rate Inês Chaves ETR IBET HTm[Adonis] INRA/IBET Tree total height in m Célia Michotey Hm HTm N-2WL[Adonis] Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent IBET 1 Dead Célia Michotey Budflush precocity INRA BF_p[Adonis] BF_prec Célia Michotey INRA D_P Plant defects DEF[Adonis] DEF INRA Terpinolene content Terpinolene Célia Michotey BBCH_93 Célia Michotey 30% of leaves faded or fallen INRA 93_NB[Adonis] 39 Shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Célia Michotey INRA FLO FLO[Adonis] Blossoming IBET NPQ Non-photochemical quenching Inês Chaves INRA/IBET Plant dry weight Plant biomass PDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves TDM[Adonis] Total_mass Dry matter TDM INRA LW LW[Adonis] Lobe width Célia Michotey 3 75% of crack bark Diameter below terminal bud RD[Adonis] Célia Michotey RD INRA INRA Célia Michotey LDR Lobe depth ratio LDR[Adonis] FO_index INRA Forking index Célia Michotey FO_i[Adonis] Fork_index 1 Orthotropic Célia Michotey Individual slope INRA slope slope[Adonis] Early 1 BBCH_35 Célia Michotey Shoots at 50% of their size 35_NB[Adonis] INRA Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. Pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles 17 BBCH_30 Célia Michotey INRA Start of shoot growth 30_NB[Adonis] NBF Célia Michotey NF NBFO INRA Forks number NbFourches NBFO[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 83_NB[Adonis] 30% of fruits mature BBCH_83 5 Absolutely straight stem (none) More than 10 non-agglomerated sores 3 NBPIED Célia Michotey Feet number INRA NBP[Adonis] Fork(s) only in upper half of the tree height 3 11 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. Pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles IBET Pore_Round-R Inês Chaves Pore Roundness - Radial section PR-R[Adonis] PoresRoundness_R IBET Transpiration rate Inês Chaves Gs IBET LWC Inês Chaves Leaf water content INRA DCE Pollarding Célia Michotey DCE[Adonis] enguy enguy[Adonis] IBET Cork discontinuities Inês Chaves CIR[Adonis] Célia Michotey C130 INRA Tree circumference CIR Ci130 Tree girth SCm Célia Michotey Saccharose content per leaf dry mass INRA SCm[Adonis] Alive and unfrozen 0 Accidentally cut 3 Absence: no recruit visible 1 81_NB[Adonis] BBCH_81 Célia Michotey INRA 10% of fruits mature Survival rate Célia Michotey SUR_Rate INRA SUR_R[Adonis] Dormant winter bud (late flushing) 1 First flowers sexually mature BBCH_60 Célia Michotey 60_NB[Adonis] INRA FLX_n5 FLXn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Flexuosity - rating on 5 INRA First fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey BBCH_70 70_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey DEVFO INRA DEVFO[Adonis] Become of fork Nomber of master branches NBBRM Célia Michotey INRA NBBRM[Adonis] Célia Michotey Epinasty INRA EPI EPI[Adonis] 5 Main axis completely dry from the ground, some healthy shoots 2 Chalara on the tree - rating on 5 CHAL_n5 Célia Michotey INRA CHALn5[Adonis] 12C[Adonis] IBET Carbon 12 Inês Chaves 12C Wood Carbon 12 8 Temp_MAX Célia Michotey INRA Mean maximum temperature 60% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey BBCH_16 16_NB[Adonis] INRA Less vigorous 2 Célia Michotey 40% of leaves faded or fallen BBCH_94 94_NB[Adonis] INRA 9 Leaf nitrogen content per leaf area INRA/IBET LNCa LNCa[Adonis] Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves BBCH_10 First leaves/needles out Célia Michotey 10_NB[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey BBCH_19 INRA 90% of leaves/needles out 19_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves SuberinThreo3OHoctadecanoicA_CC Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content IBET BS_score Célia Michotey Budset BS_s[Adonis] INRA Budset scoring INRA FO FO[Adonis] Célia Michotey Fork Number of latent primary buds Célia Michotey nPLBD[Adonis] nPriLBD INRA BBCH_09 09_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA 50% of buds with leaves coming out 3 Vigorous IBET ESP_B Inês Chaves ESP_B[Adonis] cork thickness after boiling espessura depois de cozido 1 pollarding 1 2 Abundant Branch length LPOUS[Adonis] INRA LB Shoot length LPOUS LONG Célia Michotey Worst 10 Health status S Célia Michotey Survival SUR[Adonis] MOR ES SUR INRA/IBET Pores Frequency PoF[Adonis] IBET Pores Frequency Inês Chaves AIG[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA AIG Needles coloration 3 Bud scales start to burst, first needles visible Medium heterozygosity 2 gW Célia Michotey INRA gW[Adonis] Stomatal conductance to water vapour Number of repetitions REP[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA REP INRA He_bis Expected heterozygosity Célia Michotey He2[Adonis] camphene Camphene content Célia Michotey INRA Ci IBET Inês Chaves Internal CO2 concentration 5 100% of the foliage remaining, green tree PorosityCoef_R Inês Chaves % Pore size - Radial section % Pore-R IBET PP-R[Adonis] Média 5 Polycyclism only on the terminal shoot 1 Female 2 Célia Michotey Xylem pressure INRA P50 P50[Adonis] 5 ? SI Célia Michotey INRA Stomatal index SI[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Wood axial parenchyma thickness WAP-t WAP-t[Adonis] Floral buds emerged but closed Célia Michotey BBCH_55 INRA 55_NB[Adonis] INRA BBCH_45 45_NB[Adonis] 50% of buds with juvenile coloration Célia Michotey Célia Michotey C_EL INRA Slenderness C_El[Adonis] HD El 4 Beautiful tree, to keep, deserves to be selected 1 Low heterozygosity Célia Michotey FO_score_n4 FOSn4[Adonis] INRA Forking score - rating on 4 Delgada (10 to 12 linhas or 22 to 27 mm) 4 01 Most leaves or mixed buds began to swell INRA PEPc Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc[Adonis] Célia Michotey 30% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_73 73_NB[Adonis] 0 Straight Cork annual growth Inês Chaves AnnualGrowth Cork AG IBET CAG[Adonis] Very visible leaves 5 79 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet HRf[Adonis] HRf Célia Michotey INRA Pubescence in lamina central part 3 60° 0 On no branches Canker is developed along between 60% and 80% of stem circumference 4 RQn Célia Michotey INRA Rubisco quantity per gram of nitrogen RQn[Adonis] -9 Dead No fork 5 Missing data na No leaves have fallen 0 Identification ID Célia Michotey ID[Adonis] INRA Célia Michotey Prec INRA Average rainfall BScnl[Adonis] Budset date in cumulative night length Célia Michotey BS_date_cnl INRA date_cnl 50% of flowers sexually mature Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_65 65_NB[Adonis] 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 77 damage to the n-1 shoot and laterals recovery 2 Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content SuberinOHoctadecanoidA_CC IBET Inês Chaves INRA BBCH_98 80% of leaves faded or fallen Célia Michotey 98_NB[Adonis] Inês Chaves Stem water content IBET SWC 7 ? 0 No marcescent 83 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) SPCa[Adonis] SPCa Soluble protein content per leaf area Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_33 Shoots at 30% of their size 33_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET SLA[Adonis] Specific leaf area SLAR SLA 1 5 to 25% of the foliage remaining 1-25% buds-burst and have visible needles are visible 2 INRA Penetration opposition PIL PIL[Adonis] Célia Michotey RQm Célia Michotey RQm[Adonis] Rubisco quantity per leaf dry mass INRA 1 Light meander A lot of fruits in a small section of the crown 3 Leaves completely unfolded (but smaller in size than mature ones), lengthening of the axis of the shoot evident, scales absent 6 Dead -9 High 60 - 80% d.cadidene Célia Michotey Delta cadidene content INRA Célia Michotey 53_NB[Adonis] INRA Flower buds opening BBCH_53 Célia Michotey nSecLBD nSLBD[Adonis] INRA Number of latent secondary buds Abundant: abundant groups or few groups but with many individuals regularly spread all over the plot 4 2 Bud swelling and expanding with scales slightly diverging, presence of one or more droplets of balsam Polyphenols cork composition Phenols_CC IBET Inês Chaves INRA CON FRUC[Adonis] FRUC Fructification Célia Michotey No polycyclism 0 IBET Lenticels : number of cells dividing Inês Chaves N-DL[Adonis] N-div_lent IBET Inês Chaves TSuberin_CC Total suberin content 5 Tree gone 0 Alive BarkT_mean Célia Michotey INRA Bark thickness mean BT_m[Adonis] Between 60° and 90° (plain) 3 0 Monoecious (both male and female) Célia Michotey INRA BBCH_01 01_NB[Adonis] Buds swelling Terminal bud dead Célia Michotey TE[Adonis] INRA TE Cracks fts 90% of leaves faded or fallen 99_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_99 INRA attribute 6 SuberinTyramine_CC IBET Suberin Tyramine content Inês Chaves Branching - rating on 5 scales INRA BRAn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey BRA_n5 Presence of a few sores (10 max) difficult to detect 2 Completely defoliated 0 INRA/IBET Célia Michotey GEL[Adonis] Frost damage GEL 3 Chalara very present 1 4th quarter (below 23°) % Prego-Ta NailInclusionsCoef_Ta IBET % nail Area_Ta Nail size percentage - Tangential section PN-Ta[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood inclusions percentage - Tangential section DCOL RCD CD Root collar diameter DIA_C[Adonis] DIACOL Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET DIA_col 2 GOU INRA GOU[Adonis] Epicormic branches GOURM Célia Michotey IBET P-Tr[Adonis] Inês Chaves Pore-Tr Pore size - Transversal section PoresArea_Tr 10 to 50% of the leaves have fallen 2 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 76 Beautiful tree, to keep 3 Polycyclism on lateral shoots only 3 2 Dead MFL[Adonis] MFL Mean flush length Célia Michotey INRA 2 Marca (14 to 18 linhas or 32 to 40 mm) Less than 15-20 hypertrophied lenticels 1 Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves Tree circumference at 1m Circum.UK Circum.I CIR1[Adonis] INRA/IBET Circum.F Girth at 1m CIR1 86 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 1 Canker is developed along less than 20% of stem circumference 90% of fruits reached maximum size Célia Michotey INRA 79_NB[Adonis] BBCH_79 Célia Michotey Bark thickness INRA BarkT[Adonis] BarkT 5 The needle bundle starts to loosen, shoot are growing 1 INRA Year reference whorl ANVERE AVR[Adonis] Célia Michotey 99 0% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell More than 2 very strong curves 1 WoodyPlant ontology 2 Start of shoot growth 30 3 to 4 cm of diameter at the insertion point 3 Buds ready to burst BBCH_03 Célia Michotey INRA 03_NB[Adonis] 9 Game damage 26-50% buds-burst and have visible needles 3 1 Angle between 0 and 30° CCH CLLC[Adonis] Canker cumulative length Célia Michotey Canker_LLC INRA %C[Adonis] Célia Michotey Leaf carbon content INRA %C Leaf biomass LDM Leaf dry mass LDW Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves L_mass INRA/IBET LDM[Adonis] GBRA DBRA Branche diameter Célia Michotey INRA DBRA[Adonis] 50% of buds lignified and mature BBCH_49 Célia Michotey INRA 49_NB[Adonis] A lot of fruits in two or more sections of the crown 4 Mean ring density mpond INRA mpond[Adonis] Célia Michotey Célia Michotey tol[Adonis] Tolerance INRA Tol P_F[Adonis] Petiols without leaves PETIOL P_F Célia Michotey INRA NS[Adonis] Prego Nail size Wood inclusions IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey INRA STOM STOM[Adonis] Stomatal density White bud (hair) 3 Soluble protein content per leaf dry mass INRA SPCm[Adonis] SPCm Célia Michotey 3 1 Grossa (> 18 linhas or > 40 mm) Célia Michotey/Inês Chaves INRA/IBET WCC[Adonis] Cellulose wood composition WCC a.humulene Célia Michotey Alpha humulene content INRA ? 3 No hypertrophied lenticels 0 Between 30° and 60° 2 2 Angle between 30 and 40° Célia Michotey Mean strongest density values INRA max5[Adonis] max5 nP[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA nP Number of primary branching 3/4 of the total height of the plant dry 3 32 Shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 1 Flor INRA VER VER[Adonis] Deviation from verticality Célia Michotey 2 Crown completely yellow Total protein content per leaf dry mass Célia Michotey INRA TPCm[Adonis] TPCm Crown with brownish foliage and needle fall 1 Naked tree (completely or with some top marcescent needles) 0 4 The needle stretches up to twice the size of the bud, the needles are still tight to the shoot if bud scales are still there or they are splayed out 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 75 3 Angle between 40 et 55° Other 8 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 85 damage to the n-1 shoot 1 WUE[Adonis] IBET WUE Inês Chaves Water use efficiency 1 120° 07 At least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Strong meander 2 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 72 Célia Michotey Observed heterozygosity Ho INRA Ho[Adonis] 3 Large number of merged and uncountable lenticels Shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 35 2 Polycyclism on the terminal and lateral shoots and these lateral shoots remain dominated Fork still present at the given height [fork height] Fork in upper third of the trre 3 82 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 3 Significant damages 74_NB[Adonis] 40% of fruits reached maximum size BBCH_74 Célia Michotey INRA INRA Mean lowest density values min5[Adonis] min5 Célia Michotey Fraca 6 FOR[Adonis] INRA Shape FOR Célia Michotey Shoots at 90% of their size Célia Michotey BBCH_39 INRA 39_NB[Adonis] IBET Suberin Enedioic content Inês Chaves SuberinEnedioicA_CC NbI[Adonis] Number of individuals Célia Michotey INRA NbI N-Lygn_lent Inês Chaves Lenticels : number of cells lygnifying N-LL[Adonis] IBET 4 96 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Fairly straight, slightly crooked in one direction (weak) 4 Shoots at 40% of their size BBCH_34 Célia Michotey 34_NB[Adonis] INRA 1 to 2 cm of diameter at the insertion point 5 Numerous branches concentrated at whorls 2 Beta myrcene content Célia Michotey b.myrcene INRA presence 1 Total pigments content per leaf area TPgCa[Adonis] TPgCa Célia Michotey INRA 92 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell An_LightCurve_leaf Photosynthetic rate - light curve IBET Inês Chaves An_LightCurve Célia Michotey ECH[Adonis] Sampling INRA ECH Dormant winter bud completely enveloped by the scales (perulae) 1 Nothing, no chalara 0 < 5% None absence 0 CHALH CHALHa INRA CHAH[Adonis] Célia Michotey Chalara on the tree upper part Célia Michotey LWR INRA LWR[Adonis] Lobe width ratio Low marcescence 1 90 The first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen Uncertain 2 2 Intermediate IBET Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Inês Chaves SuberinEctadecanedioidA_CC NLV[Adonis] Total number of leaves Célia Michotey INRA NLV 2,5 2 rolled-up young leaves at equal height At least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration 45 1 More than 5 cm of diameter at the insertion point 4 1st quarter (between 67° and 90°) Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. Pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles 19 bs Basal sweep Co CB[Adonis] Célia Michotey CB INRA 80 The first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 5 Thin and few branches 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 71 Very vigorous 4 Individual aspect expo[Adonis] Célia Michotey aspect INRA 51-75% buds-burst and have visible needles 4 1 to 2 light curves 4 Célia Michotey INRA CANK[Adonis] Canker Cankers No straight stem (severe) 1 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 78 A few fruits in two or more sections of the crown 2 6 ? 5 Angle close to the right angle 1 IBET Stem_D Stem diameter Inês Chaves 2 50% of smooth bark, moderate cracks F2 fully stretched transition to bud structure 1,5 Leaning tree 3 BBCH_07 Célia Michotey INRA 50% of buds burst 07_NB[Adonis] Dominant tree 3 Célia Michotey EHLD[Adonis] INRA EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter 1 Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen Célia Michotey INRA Defoliation - rating on 5 DF_n5[Adonis] DF_n5 Total pigments content per leaf dry mass TPgCm[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA TpgCm At least 50% of buds are lignified and mature 49 Wood vessels diameter WV-d WV-d[Adonis] IBET Inês Chaves Leaves are fully expanded (early flushing) 3 LRWC Leaf relative water content IBET Inês Chaves Célia Michotey FRUT INRA Fructification abundance 2 FRUT[Adonis] 62 20% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 1 No damage IBET WV-CW-t WV-t[Adonis] Inês Chaves Wood vessels cell wall thickness 0 Absence Marcescent 2 INRA b.pinene Beta pinene content Célia Michotey 68 80% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 1 Dominated tree 2 ? 1 ? BBCH_85 Célia Michotey 50% of fruits mature INRA 85_NB[Adonis] 91 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell 03 Most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species the scales may have changed color. Total girdling of tree stem with associated mortality of the apex 5 5 100 % feuillé, bien vert No leaves have fallen, the tree is still green Célia Michotey stone_content INRA Soil stone content stone[Adonis] 2 Moderate to strong bends (severe) Crown dieback dc Shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 38 87 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) 1 On some branches 4 Totally dry plant 1 Cut 3 Canker is developed along between 40% and 60% of stem circumference 3 Presence of attack and necrosis on one or more main axes NBUC[Adonis] Célia Michotey Growth unit number INRA NBUC 3 1 to 2 strong curves Less than 10% of the leaves have fallen 1 2 On all branches 5 - 20% Little 3rd quarter (between 23° and 45°) 2 1 1/4 of the total height of the plant dry 3 50 to 75% of the leaves have fallen Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. Pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles 12 97 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Total hypertrophied lenticels Célia Michotey THL THL[Adonis] INRA FOSn5[Adonis] Célia Michotey INRA FO_score_n5 Forking score - rating on 5 Winter dormant flower bud 50 7 Crown dieback 50% of leaves faded or fallen 95_NB[Adonis] Célia Michotey BBCH_95 INRA 0 Null 66 60% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 6 Between 25 and 50% of the area covered ram Ramicorn INRA NBASF Number of years sympotic - forked tree Célia Michotey NBASF[Adonis] Spread leaves, long shoot 8 75 to 90% of the foliage remaining 4 Perfect 10 6 4 Low growth 1 High allelic diversity 3 4 Less than 10% of the area covered 1 Below 30° (steep) 88 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Medium allelic diversity 2 Célia Michotey NID[Adonis] INRA/IBET Nests presence NID The first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 70 Shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) 33 No fruits 0 Very late 4 4 No fork 1 Dormant winter bud 1 Dormant winter bud 30% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 63 ? 8 2 10 to 25% of the leaves have fallen 60 The first flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 4 Crown completely green 0 ? 3 50 to 100% of the leaves have fallen 1 Forks developed both in upper and in lower half of the tree height Full cover > 95% 7 2 Canker is developed along between 20% and 40% of stem circumference 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet 74 meia-marca (12 to 14 linhas or 27 to 32 mm) 3 4 ? 4 no damage 0 3 50 to 75% of the foliage remaining Acute angle less than 45 ° 3 The majority of the flower buds began to swell 51 All buds dormant or just enlarged 1 5 Leaves expanding and diverging with their blades sill rolled up, scales may be present or absent 0 Apical bud red brown At least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) 40 3 Very strong meander 1H Wood Hydrogen 1 1H[Adonis] Inês Chaves IBET Hydrogen 1 10% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 61 76–100% buds-burst and have visible needles 5 Dead -5 Very marcescent 3 Célia Michotey INRA Sequential branches angle aSeqBC aSBC[Adonis] 08_NB[Adonis] BBCH_08 Célia Michotey INRA Leaves comes out of 10% of buds mbs Multi strands 80 - 95% Very high Smooth bark, no cracks 0 1 Dry or broken crown 13_NB[Adonis] INRA 30% of leaves/needles out Célia Michotey BBCH_13 Ill 3 2 Fork in middle third of the tree Between 50 and 75% of the area covered 7 18 Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. Pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles Fork 6 50% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 65 1 Low allelic diversity Forks fch 1 Medium 4 Angle greater than 55° 40% of flowers are sexually mature. Flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. Male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. 64 entity 1 A few fruits in a small section of the crown 4 Branch (ramicorn; thinner than a fork) with a similar angle Broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. Pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. Other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles 15 09 At least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. 0 Unscathed tree, without damage 55 The majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. Flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. Male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. Other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. 2 Moderate damages 53 The majority of the flower buds have begun to open mm2 Slope protocol Starting at the tree, one member of the field team walks 5 meters down and another walks 5 meters upslope. The measure is done using a clinometer and looking at the other´s eyes. carboxylation efficiency leaf An/Ci The initial slope provides an in vivo measure of the activity of Rubisco in the leaf. This is sometimes called the mesophyll conductance. Carboxylation efficiency None Leaf surface protocol Canker_LL Lesion length (longitudinal extent) of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus lesion Canker lesion length stem Assessment of shoots growth Shoot growth growth DEV shoot Plant height protocol Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) with a pole or a clinometer None Lenticels protocol Chemical content ratio protocol Content ratio measured by chemical analysis BBCH_87 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Alpha humulene content molecule content a.humulene Alpha humulene content leaf Ribbon 130cm protocol Measured at 130cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a graduated ribbon Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Visual scoring None Measurement Assessment of crown dieback, a condition in woody plants in which peripheral parts of the crown are killed crown dieback Crown dieback DC plant Latency measured against a given rust strain Latent Period latency LD BBCH_37 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 70% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Calendar day Latewood density latewood BF wood Assessment of latewood density, the harder and less porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops late in the growing season cm-2 Polycyclism scoring scale Measured from soil to basis of the apical meristem or bud (depending of time in season) Stem length protocol Assessment according to the objectives of the scientific protocol Thinning protocol Epicormic percentage protocol None plant Assessment of the tree status Tree status status STAT Survival SUR survival plant Assessment of the survival state of the tree Content measured by chemical analysis Chemical content protocol C Carbon content in wood wood carbon content Wood Carbon content Coefficient of the budflush precocity BF_prec Budflush precocity bud bud break Pores area pore area Area of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank cork Pores Area Visual assessment Visual assessment Suberin Tyramine content Suberin Tyramine content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Tyramine suberin content quantity Shoots shoot Resprout quantity Assessment of the quantity of resprouts or shoots more than 30cm-long after coppicing Delta cadidene content d.cadidene leaf Delta cadidene content molecule content observation Comments Observations on the tree, unsystematic and somewhat anecdotal plant COM quantity PriBD Primary bud quantity Assessment of primary buds quantity. The primary bud is the first to grow after the winter dormant period and is the most likely to develop a robust shoot during the growing season. primary bud Dividing lenticel cells cell dividing Assessment of the number of lenticel cells dividing cork N-div_lent Water use efficiency, the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration Wi leaf water use Water use efficiency Secondary bud quantity Assessment of secondary buds quantity. The secondary bud is present next to the primary bud within the compound bud and it is dormant until it is needed by the plant as a back up when the primary bud fails. SecBD secondary bud quantity LS surface Leaf surface leaf Leaf surface Computation per gram of nitrogen None Cork defects - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. Visual count Visual count S/G Ratio between Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents molecule content Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood molecule content Limonene Limonene content Limonene content leaf plant ARM Assessment of armillaria (parasitic fungi) at the base of the tree armillaria Armillaria Name of the file or archive where photo(s) of the tree can be found photo plant observation Photo cork Suberin Oleic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Oleic acide Suberin Oleic content suberin content mm - no decimal Yes/No Leaf chlorophyll content protocol Chlorophyll content was measured twice a week from 6 days before water-logging to 47 days of treatment. Measurements were made on 3 fully developed leaves of the last growth flush before water-logging on each tree, using a chlorophyll content meter (CCM, Opti Science, Tyngsboro, USA). Measured with a calliper graduated in millimeters Calliper protocol density wood Wood density Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood WD % Terminal bud accident NAAT accident Recording of an accident on the terminal bud bud Thinning scoring scale SEN Assessment of the senescence, the growth phase in a plant or plant part (such as a leaf) from full maturity to death senescence Senescence plant Petiols without leaves Assessment of petiols without leaves leaf PETIOL petiol mmol CO2 m-2 s-1 ppm-1 vSeqBC quantity sequential branch Assessment of the sequential branches volume Sequential branches volume transpiration Transpiration rate leaf Transpiration rate Gs Independant cover protocol Plant and rock covers are assessed independently in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are independent, the total of the two can be > 100% (some plants can grow over rocks). Cork defects percent - Tangential section protocol Defects are quantified in the two tangential of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to Tangential surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Inst_Carbon_eff leaf Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency carboxylation efficiency Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency Count Beta pinene content Beta pinene content molecule content b.pinene leaf None diameter TBD Terminal bud diameter bud Diameter of terminal bud Alpha cubebene content Alpha cubebene content a.cubebene molecule content leaf protein content Leaf protein content Protein content in leaves TPC leaf Measure of the distance between the observed tree and its targeted neighbor Neighbor distance protocol Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 90% of the crown. For pines: 90% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 90% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_19 evaluation CCM (arbitrary units of chlorophyll content meter) Circumference increment ICIR stem circumference Circumference increase by the growth of the tree main stem Abundance scoring scale Ratio Ratio between epicormic branches and epicormics epicormic rEpiBC Ratio epicormic branches/epicormics epicormic branche carotenoide content Leaf carotenoid content CAR leaf Carotenoid content in leaves perimeter LP Leaf perimeter leaf Leaf perimeter BBCH_15 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 50% of the crown. For pines: 50% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 50% of buds with open-brushed needles. bud TB Number of buds at the terminal cluster Buds at the terminal cluster number g/100g Monopodic growth monopodic plant monopodic Assessment of monopodic growth. The main or primary axis continues its original line of growth giving off successive axes or lateral branches from the apex of the main meristem. Hour Deviation from verticality VER plant deviation verticality Measurement of the deviation from the verticality b.myrcene molecule content leaf Beta myrcene content Beta myrcene content Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves of the crown are spread. For pines: first buds very elongated with the first needles coming out of the sheath the sheath glued in pairs. For other conifers: first buds showing open-brushed needles. BBCH_10 evaluation chlorophyll content Chlorophyll b content in leaf green tissue Chlorophyll b leaf Chl b slope Individual slope Slope angle at the location of the tree slope soil double feet Double feet quantity quantity DP Assessment of double feet quantity Inner plank surface color cork Color of the cork plank which adderes to the tree trunk BC color Selection scoring scale Assessment of the date when 90% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_89 evaluation wood vessel diameter Wood vessels diameter WV-d Wood vessels diameter growth plant Tree growth Assessment of the growth of the tree GR Terpinolene content molecule content Terpinolene Terpinolene content leaf Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Light response curves were performed 5–11 h after photoperiod initiation, using fully expanded leaves of 71 days-old plants under good illumination. A 28°C block temperature was used, with CO2 concentration at 400 ppm and an air flow rate of 500 umol s−1. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was gradually decreased from 2000 to 0 (2000; 1750; 1500; 1200; 900; 700; 500; 250; 100; 70; 50 and 0 µmol photon m−2 s−1). A 2–3 min acclimation period was performed between the measurements of the 12 light levels. Leaf gas exchange light response curve protocol plant Individual elevation elevation elevation Elevation above sea level of the tree level parts per million (ppm) Branch angle angle ANG Assessment of the branches angle branch None Lobe depth protocol BBCH_09 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the scales, which may still be present. The leaves begin to individualize. In pines, the needles begin to pierce the sheath. In other conifers the first buds show individualized needles in closed brush. NBS Secateur knocks number pruning Number of secateur knocks when shaping plant Leaf water content LWC water content leaf Amount of water in leaves enzymatic activity Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase Enzymatic activity of glycolate oxydase leaf GO Stem water content SWC Amount of water in the stem stem water content Assessment of the date when 60% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_86 evaluation The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time. Measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure. Photosynthetic rate photosynthetic rate An leaf shape Assessment of the shape of the tree Tree shape plant FOR Cover scoring scale Leaf soluble protein content protein content Soluble protein content in leaves SPC leaf budset Assessment of the budset level bud Budset BS_score Canker girdling Lateral extent of a canker lesion, an area of dead tissue which grow slowly and is caused by bacteria or fungus stem Canker_G lesion Assessment of earlywood density, the softer more porous portion of an annual ring of wood that develops early in the growing season Earlywood density wood earlywood BI Assessed by the average of 5 random measurements of bark thickness à 130 cm. Bark thickness mean Leaf CO2 light response curve Leaf_CO2_curve Leaf CO2 light response curve Survival state scoring scale mol.m-2.s-1 Visual assessment of the status of terminal apex with a reference scoring scale Budset protocol mm Dry matter Weight of the plant dry matter plant biomass TDM Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Leaf_An_curve Leaf photosynthesis light response curve Harvest protocol Visual assessment collection LMA Leaf mass per leaf area Leaf mass per leaf area leaf mass/area Volume volume Volume of hardwood, the wooded part of a tree (trunk and branches) with a diameter at the smallest end greater than 7 cm (most often corresponding to the maximum cutting of wood made by forest operators) Vol Annual increase ACC Annual increase increase Germacrene content molecule content leaf Germacrene content germacrene Cork defects percent - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Hydroxyphenylaldehyde/Syringaldehyde/Coniferaldehyde contents wood H/S/G molecule content Ratio between Hydroxyphenyl (H) Syringyl (S) and Guaiacyl (G) contents default DEF_V Whorl defects whorl Number of whorls whith 1 default (fork, ramicorn…). A whorl or verticil is an arrangement of at least 3 sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. plant Height increment IH Height increase by the growth of the tree main stem height Standard method for gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. PPFD is the photon flux density of photosynthetically active radiation (400–700 nm), 0.84 is the assumed light absorbance of the sample, and 0.5 is the fraction of excitation energy diverted to the photosystem II ETR protocol Senescence BBCH scoring scale Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Enedioic acid Suberin Enedioic content cork Suberin Enedioic content suberin content Specific activity of rubisco in leaves Specific activity of Rubisco in leaves enzymatic activity SAR leaf ‰ linha Fructification scoring scale cm Identifier plant flush NF Flush Assessment of flushes during the growing season Regularity scoring scale Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of water vapor exiting through the stomata of a leaf leaf stomatal conductance gW Stomatal conductance to water vapour COMP Competition competition Appreciation of the space available for the tree to grow plant Calculation of the cumulative value of a series of measured or computed values Cumulative value SeqBC Assessment of sequential branches quantity, shoots produced throughout tree development within a short time period after the bearer growth unit has formed sequential branch sequential branch Sequential branches quantity ring Intra-ring variance Intra-ring variance wood varintracerne Hypertophied lenticels scoring scale lobe width Lobe width Lobe width LW specific area SLA Leaf area per unit of leaf dry mass leaf Specific leaf area Leaf gas exchange protocol at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28°C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Forking scoring scale on 5 cork Assessment of the number of lenticels cells with secondary wall deposition Lenticel cell with secondary wall deposition cell with secondary wall deposition N-2W_lent Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf area Computation per leaf area quantity Epicormic quantity epicormic Epis Assessment of epicormics quantity. These formations are appearing on trunks or master branches surfaces of living trees, resulting from buds repelled by cambial growth at the periphery on the trunk. None Computation Minimal value The minimum value of a list of measured or computed values quantity NID nest Assessment of the quantity of nests on the tree Nests quantity Wood density protocol Wood density at 12% moisture content Cork Eelness eels cork Sulcos pronunciados, orientados longitudinalmente na costa das dapranchas, podendo causar descontinuidades nas primeiras camadas de cortiça que foram produzidas Cellulose wood composition WCC wood Cork chemical composition in cellulose cellulose content Trunk height protocol Measured from soil to the first branches of the canopy Budflush bud Assessment of the bud break level BF_score break DEF Assessment of the plant defects Plant defects defects plant BBCH_49 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds are lignified and mature None Nail size protocol BBCH_16 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 60% of the crown. For pines: 60% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 60% of buds with open-brushed needles. Cork defects - Transversal section protocol Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. leaf LN/LC Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon nitrogen/carbon Ratio leaf nitrogen to leaf carbon Presence/Absence None Quenching protocol Crown chalara scoring scale wood Wood fibers thickness Wood fibers thickness fiber thickness WF-t leaf nitrogen discrimination Delta 15N Nitrogen isotope (N15) composition in leaves Delta15N Combination of the forking position and the number of forks Forking index protocol BBCH_55 evaluation Assessment of the date when the majority of floral buds have emerged from the buds but are closed. For flowers with petals: the majority of flower buds have emerged from the buds and are still closed, but the colour of the petals is visible. For male flowers in catkins: the catkins are at the end of lengthening, the scales begin to move apart. For other flowers: stamens begin to be visible. epidermal cell leaf Assessment of the number of epidermal cells on the adaxial leaf area (upper surface of the leaf) Adaxial epidermal cells EP None None BBCH_13 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 30% of the crown. For pines: 30% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 30% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_72 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Growth stop shoot AC Assessment of the stop of shoots growth growth X-Ray protocol Observation made by X-Ray Measured at 1m from the ground with a graduated ribbon Ribbon 1m protocol population Fis Fixation index Assessment of the panmixia (or panmicticism) standard deviation. It is the ability of individuals in a population to interbreed without restrictions; individuals are able to move about freely within their habitat, possibly over a range of hundreds to thousands of miles, and thus breed with other members of the population panmixia Assessment of the influence of chalara on the leaves number CHAL_nbF chalara Chalara influence on leaves leaf BBCH_78 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Assessment of the date when 60% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_66 evaluation Shoot/Root dry weight protocol Roots were cleaned with tap water and adventitious roots were counted, sampled and their length measured. Dry mass was measured on fine, main and adventitious roots, separately, and on leaves and stems. Dry weight was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). Cork defects - Radial section protocol Defects are quantified in the two radial surfaces of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to radial surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas are measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects were measured separately: cork porosity and nail inclusions. cork Pore lenght Pores Length Lenght of the circular discontinuities of the cork plank pore lenght Damage scoring scale The distance-dependent competition index is assessed by using the distance and diameter mesures of the 5 nearest neighbors to the target tree. It should also be specified whether they are conspecific or not with the sample tree. Competition protocol µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 Assessment of the blossoming (male and/or female) level blossoming FLO flower Blossoming Sex scoring scale Leaf staining leaf ST staining Leaf staining Degree celsius Crown scoring scale BBCH_39 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 90% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Plant width at the soil level in spring width Plant width at the soil level R plant Pores roundness Pores Roundness Circular discontinuities will have roundness about 1. When the pore is less circular the roundness value will be higher. pore roundness cork Diameter of the main stem measured at or within a specified distance from the collar, the part making the transition between the top of the root system and the base of the aerial part. Collar diameter protocol Fruits/Cones protocol Number of mature fruits/cones that you are able to count on the tree in 30 seconds from the ground using binoculars Assessment of the date when 80% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_98 evaluation plant Regularity of the fructification fructification FRUC_REG Fructification regularity Suberin Ferulic content Suberin Ferulic content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Ferulic acid cork suberin content Net photosynthesis Net photosynthesis net_An Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds began to swell BBCH_51 evaluation wood Wood Hydrogen H Hydrogen content in wood hydrogen content BBCH_68 evaluation Assessment of the date when 80% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Rust tolerance coefficient measured by comparing the growing values (CIR, HT, Vol) on treated and untreated plants tolerance Tol Tolerance plant epicormic branche volume Epicormic branches volume vEpiBC Assessment of the volume of epicormic branches Coefficient calculated for each untreated plant by comparing the values of a growth (HT, CIR or Vol) with the average values of the same for plants of the same genotype in treated situation Tolerance protocol The leaves were sampled after 50 days of water-logging Leaf mass/area protocol Slenderness Slenderness of the tree, calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter C_El slenderness plant The maximum value of a list of measured or computed values Maximal value Latent period protocol Duration in half-day scale between date of inoculation and first sporulating uredia. WV-CW-t Wood vessels cell wall thickness cell wall thickness wood vessel Wood vessels cell wall thickness IRD Shoot diameter increase Shoot diameter increase branch diameter plant branch BRA Assessment of the tree branches density Branching density Unknown Branching scoring scale on 5 sylleptic shoot Sylleptic shoots quantity Assessment of the sylleptic branches quantity, a shoot that develops from a lateral bud with any period of dormancy on the main shoot Syllep quantity leaf Ci Sub-stomatal cavity CO2 concentration measured under light curve CO2 Internal CO2 concentration Blossoming scoring scale Inner plank surface relief relief BR Flatness uniformity of the inner plank surface cork size Uredinia Size Size of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus US uredinia nitrogen content Leaf nitrogen content LNC Nitrogen content in leaves leaf Defects scoring scale Branch diameter scoring scale Capillary electrophoresis Quantification by capillary electrophoresis Slenderness protocol The slenderness of a tree is calculated by dividing its total height by its diameter at 1.30 m. Note that both values must be measured with the same unit. leaf Assessment of the number of stomata, the stomata controling the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration Stomatal density stomatal density STOM survival leaf WI Assessment of the survival state of leaves Withered leaves Assessment of the date when 10% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_81 evaluation suberin content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content Suberin Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid content cork Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Dihydroxyoctadenedioic acid leaf sabinene Sabinene content Sabinene content molecule content Calendar year Fork height protocol Observation of the fork presence or absence. If the fork is gone and not transformed into a large branch, the value will be 0. If the fork is gone but transformed into a large branch, the value will be 1. If the fork is still present, its height from tree collar must be measured and the value will be the fork height. Suberin Alkanols content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain mono-functional monomers): Alkanols cork Suberin Alkanols content suberin content Wood width protocol None Number of individuals in the population NbI plant Number of individuals quantity Cork thickness after boiling protocol To boil the cork, the 30×30 cm samples are submerged in water at approximately 90°C for 1 h. During the drying period of 72 h cork is kept protected from direct light. The marked positions are then measured for comparison with data obtained before boiling. g/m2 Heterozygosity scoring scale Computation per gram of protein None Stomatal conductance, the rate of passage of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering through the stomata of a leaf gC Stomatal conductance to CO2 leaf stomatal conductance Assessment of forks position on the tree forks position FO_score Forking score plant BBCH_38 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 80% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Dry weight protocol Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70 ◦C (until a constant weight was achieved) Suberin chemical content protocol Content in suberin measured by chemical analysis BBCH_92 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell None Ring width protocol camphene Camphene content Camphene content leaf molecule content Chlorophyll a to b ratio Chlorophyll ratio protocol Determination of the tree sex SEX Sex determination sex plant Uredinia Size scoring scale Forking scoring scale on 4 Measured at 130 cm from the ground (approximately breast height) with a calliper graduated in millimeters. If the tree has more than one trunk all of them have to be measured and the average has to be recorded (note that tree is multitrunk in comments). Calliper 130cm protocol QUAL quality Cork quality Evaluated by the homogeneity of the cork, aspecto da barriga and aspecto das costas which are an association of different features. Varies between 1st to 6th and refugo where 1st is the best, 6th the worst and refugo even worst. cork Branching scoring scale on 3 population heterozygosity Heterozygosity Assessment of the heterozygosity in the population Heterozygosity BarkT Asessment of the thickness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark bark Bark thickness thickness Percentage venation protocol None Assessment of the Larch needles coloration AIG Needles coloration needle color Canker lesion length protocol Measured in millimeters with a measuring tape at the inoculation point. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. mg/L biomass Shoot to Root dry weight ratio Shoot/Root dry mass S/RDM shoot/root BBCH_91 evaluation Assessment of the date when 10% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell leaf LDM biomass Leaf dry mass Weight of the dry leaf Wood parenchyma protocol None Number/area Amount of water in roots root water content Root water content RWC RD branch Shoot diameter diameter Shoot diameter Fructification BBCH scoring scale BBCH_12 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 20% of the crown. For pines: 20% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 20% of buds with open-brushed needles. Beta caryophyllene content molecule content leaf b.caryophyllene Beta caryophyllene content Computation per leaf dry mass Measured with spectrophotometer Beckman DU 640 and reported to leaf dry mass Number of repetitions plant replicate Number of replicates used to calculate mean value of an associated REP Unknown Unknown wood Wood infradensity infradensity Wood density, or the dry weight per unit volume of wood WID Mean value Calculation of the mean of a series of measured or computed values rachis RACH quantity Rachis quantity Assessment of rachis quantity, the main stem of a compound leaf bearing each leaflet of the blade Obversity protocol None Marcescence scoring scale on 3 foliar biomass Foliar biomass, the mass of biodegradable living matter of the crown Foliar biomass plant BioF BBCH_35 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 50% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_79 evaluation Assessment of the date when 90% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Estimated in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree with a predefined scoring scale Virtual plot protocol Calculation of the variance of a series of measured or computed values Variance plant MAR Assessment of the marcescence, the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed such as the withering of leaves without falling off Marcescence marcescence lamina Lamina length length Lamina length LL quantity Assessment of alleles quantity in the population allele NbA Alleles quantity Assessment of the date when 50% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_75 evaluation Drying up scoring scale None Lobe ratio protocol stem Tree circumference CIR Circumference of the tree main stem circumference µmol.m-2.s-1 Canker quantity Assessment of canker quantity quantity canker Canker Pore roundness protocol None Debarking scoring scale Measure of the Caliber in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm). The cork plank can be divided in 2 major classes regarding the thickness: Delgada (thin) (6 to 8 linhas or 14 to 27 mm) and Rolhável (stoperble) (12 to > 18 linhas or 27 to > 40 mm). cork thickness Cal Caliber TRW Tree ring width wood ring width Growth rings, also referred to as tree rings or annual rings, can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree Wood vessel protocol None Assessment of the date when 90% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_69 evaluation plant polycyclism POLY Polycyclism nature Assessment of the polycyclism nature, the ability for a plant to produce several flushes in the same growing season Forking index Combination of the forking position and the number of forks, the highest index being for non-forking trees and for trees with a lower number of forks at a higher position FO_index plant forking index Survival scoring scale 2 Chlorophyll measurement: Absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (DU-70 Spectrophotometer, Beckman, USA) at 663.2 and 646.8 nm in a quartz cuvette. A646.8 is the absorbance at 646.8 nm and A663.2 is the absorbance at 663.2 nm, v is volume (ml), DW is dry weight. Chlorophyll protocol Defoliation scoring scale on 3 Assessment of the survival state of the terminal bud, the bud at the tip of the stem TE survival Terminal bud status bud Numerical unknown W-w Wood width width wood Wood width thickness Wood radial parenchyma thickness radial parenchyma WRP-t Wood radial parenchyma thickness BBCH_62 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Assessment of the date when 30% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_93 evaluation None Petiol ratio protocol Soil depth soil depth Soil depth around the tree soil_depth BBCH_85 evaluation Assessment of the date when 50% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Cork Porosity Assessment of the porosity (or empty spaces) in cork. It is a fraction of the volume of pores over the total volume, so between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. porosity cork %Pores chlorophyll content LCC Leaf chlorophyll content leaf Chlorophyll content in leaves photosystem II AnII_Ef leaf Photosystem II operating efficiency Photosystem II operating efficiency Assessment of the date when 40% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_74 evaluation Notation of the date in cumulative night lentgh after July 1st that the observed score is reached for the first time CNL protocol quantity epicormic bud Assessment of epicormic buds quantity, a dormant/latent bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time LBD Epicormic bud quantity Mean inclination angle per log of the sequential branches Sequential branches angle aSeqBC branch inclination Fork quantity fork FO Assessment of forks quantity, appearance of sequential branches with an inclination angle greater than 45° quantity BBCH_50 evaluation Assessment of the date when all flower bud are dormants Spike protocol Measured using a hammer and a sharp stick/pike (usually used for concrete), till 60 cm whenever possible, in a randomly chosen spot within the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree. Make sure that you do not confuse a medium sized rock with the bedrock. Survival scoring scale cork age scoring scale Status scoring scale WAP-t Wood axial parenchyma thickness Wood axial parenchyma thickness thickness axial parenchyma crown_size Crown size crown spread Footprint or plan area of the crown of a tree expressed as crown width cm3 FLX flexuosity Assessment of the flexuosity of the tree Tree flexuosity plant BBCH_83 evaluation Assessment of the date when 30% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Needles coloration scoring scale Assessment of sympodic growth. The apparent main axis is not developed from a terminal bud but transferred to a lateral meristem made up of successive secondary axes each of which represents one fork of a dichotomy, the other being of weaker growth or suppressed entirely. sympodic Sympodial growth sympodic plant Polyphenols composition Chemical composition in polyphenols polyphenols Phenols_CC cork Numerical unknown - 3 decimals ANFO stem Forking Notation of the fork appearance fork FRUC fructification fruit Fructification Assessment of the fructification wood ring B Ring density Assessment of ring density, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant None Pore area protocol Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the bud burst. Leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath which takes a silver tint; we see the green base of the needles. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. BBCH_06 evaluation N-A&E_lent Assessment of the of lenticel cells alongating and expanding Growing lenticel cells cork cells alongating/expanding m Ramicorn quantity RA ramicorn Assessment of the ramicorn quantity quantity Pore frequency protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1 (Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. quality preguentas/madeirentas preguentas/madeirentas cork Continuity and felicity persistence are two characteristics of the periderm of cork oak that allow the sustained exploitation of cork. However, in some cork oaks sometimes appear in the secondary phloem small peridermal arcs enveloping the sclerites or the outermost blades of the broad phloem rays, and whose new felide ends up joining the anterior path of the felogene. These sclerenchymal formations, isolated from the intercarcass by a normal process of abcision, become sclerenchymal inclusions in the suberous tissue or the felogene surface. These corks have, for these reasons, great hardness, low elasticity and high density Precocity scoring scale Compression wood cork Compression wood, reaction wood formed on the lower sides of branches and leaning trunks and characterized by darker color, glassy appearance, relatively wide and eccentric annual rings, shorter vascular elements, and excessive and uneven shrinkage quality WC% Frost damages scoring scale Chlorophyll a to b ratio Ratio between chlorophyll a and b content in leaf green tissue chlorophyll content Chl a/b leaf Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds have finished swelling and are ready to burst. For some species, the scales may have changed color. BBCH_03 evaluation lenticel diameter External hypertrophied lenticels diameter EHLD External hypertrophied lenticels diameter X-Ray counting protocol Counting made with X-Ray Cork AG cork Annual increment of cork rings thickness growth Cork annual growth Plant and rock covers are assessed relatively to each other (as if seen from above) in the 10x10 m virtual plot around the tree and with a predefined scoring scale. As the estimations are relatives, the total of the two must be 100%. Relative cover protocol competition index plant Assessment of the competition situation at the tree level NCI Competition index Assessment of the date when 10% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_61 evaluation Stem length length stem Stem length Stem_L Water content protocol Water content (WC) measurements were performed according to Levitt, 1980. FW: Fresh weight of plant material was determined at the end of the experiment (day 35). DW: Dry weight (g) was determined after drying plant material at 70°C (until a constant weight was achieved). leaf 3 carene content molecule content 3Carene 3 carene content Forking score protocol Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale precipitation Rainfall on the site of the population population Prec Rainfall Girdling index Increase protocol Calculation of the difference between 2 measured values of the same morphological observation (ex: circunference, height) at different times to evaluate the tree growth Leaf relative water content protocol Leaf relative water content was determine at maximum stress (day 28) and at the end of the experiment (day 35). Six leaf discs (Ø = 19 mm) were collected for each plant from the three youngest expanded leaves (2 discs per leaf). Five plants were analysed per treatment. WHC hemicellulose content wood Hemicellulose wood composition Hemicellulose wood composition Day enzymatic activity leaf Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PEPc Enzymatic activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase dm Insertion height of the fork Height fork height HFO fork Cork plank uniformity protocol width Largest width of the lamina lamina Lamina largest width WP LC Leaf color leaf color Leaf color in autumn Numerical unknown - 1 decimal leaf Leaf carbon content carbon content Carbon content in leaves CM cover cover Vegetation/Rock cover Estimatation of the amount of vegetation or rock cover on the ground around the tree soil cork pore frequency Pores Frequency Pores frequency Number of pores in frame area None Stable isotope analysis Shoot dry mass dry mass shoot Shoot dry mass SHDM Width of the leaf sinus, the space or indentation between two lobes or teeth of a leaf Sinus width sinus SW width Assessment of the date when 40% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_84 evaluation BBCH_33 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 30% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) Assessment of the diameter of the branch diameter Branch diameter branch DB Leaf gas exchange was assessed with a portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA) equipped with a fluorometer (LI-6400-40, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA). Data was periodically collected from the youngest fully expanded leaf (5–9 h after photoperiod initiation), never extending a total period of 90 min. Block temperature was set at 28 ◦C, light intensity was set at 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration was kept at 400 ppm with an air flow rate of 500 µmol s−1. Fs and Fm’ represent the steady state and maximum fluorescence measured under light adapted conditions. PhiPS2 protocol Harvest REC sampling Sample(s) collected on the tree plant Cork industrial quality protocols Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale for cork industrial quality mg/g DW mg/g foot Assessment of additional feet quantity for the same tree since last passage Additional feet quantity NBPIEDSUP quantity Leaf quantity Assessment of the quantity of leaves on the tree leaf LV electron transport ETR Transfer of electrons during photosynthesis in light saturated leaf Leaf electron transport rate leaf g Branches angle scoring scale on 4 plant chalara Chalara CHAL Assessment of the tree condition in the face of a chalara attack, a disease in ash trees characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback and caused by the fungus Chalara fraxinea Branching habit scoring scale Blossoming BBCH scoring scale Defects are quantified in the two transversal of 20 × 20 cm boards cut from the previous 30 × 30 cm boiled planks, and also in four strips of 20 × 1 cm (obtained from the same 30 × 30 cm samples), corresponding to transversal surfaces (two strips for each surface). Each of the four faces of the 20 × 20 cm boards and the two faces of the 20 × 1 cm strips were photographed with a camera (10 mega pixels resolution). The defect areas were measured by image analysis, defining the limiting color threshold by visual inspection, using the Leica QWin software (V3.X—Leica Microsystems, Germany). Lengths were calibrated using a calibration ruler. The two types of defects (cork porosity and nail inclusions) were measured separately and the defect areas were expressed as a percentage of the total area of cork under analysis. Cork defects percent - Transversal section protocol Pole protocol Measured with a pole graduated in centimeters Assessment of the date when 50% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_95 evaluation Chrysomela leaf consumed area Leaf area consumed by chrysomela (phytophagous insect) Chrysomela consumed area leaf Wood axial parenchyma high axial parenchyma Wood axial parenchyma high high WAP-h Cork plank color protocol Expert visual assessment for cork belly color Sampling plant selection ECH Individuals sampling for a specific study UN Uredinia Number uredinia Assessment of uredinia, a reddish pustule that occurs on the leaves of a plant infected with rust fungus number Leaf pigments content Pigments content in leaves leaf pigment content TPgC Budflush conifers apical bud scoring scale Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase enzymatic activity HPR Enzymatic activity of hydroxypyruvate reductase leaf ANVERE Year of appearance of the reference verticula appearance Reference whorl branch Epinasty EPI epinasty leaf Assessment of epinasty, a nastic movement in which a plant part (such as a leaf) is bent outward and often downward secondary epicormic bud quantity SecLBD Epicormic secondary bud quantity Assessment of epicormic secondary buds quantity, a secondary bud having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time BBCH_18 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 80% of the crown. For pines: 80% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 80% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_17 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 70% of the crown. For pines: 70% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 70% of buds with open-brushed needles. Leaf area counting protocol Counted on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² None Wood fiber protocol break bud Assessment of the date when budflush score will be reached for the first time Budflush date BF_date Calliper - largest branch protocol Measured below the largest branch of the tree with a calliper graduated in millimeters The minimum value of a list of measured meteo values Minimal meteo value Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyoctadecanoid acid Suberin Hydroxyoctadecanoid content suberin content cork Shoot diameter protocol Measured below the terminal bud Assessment of the date when 40% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_64 evaluation Basal sweep CB basal curve Assessment of the basal curve stem Visual assessment with the BBCH reference scoring scale Visual scoring BBCH Detailed survival scoring scale polyphenols Sacharides_CC Polysacharide composition cork Chemical composition in polysacharide Assessment of the date when shoots reached 20% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_32 evaluation height Height of trunk below the first branches of the canopy stem HTrunk Height trunk Number Curves scoring scale on 5 neighbors Alive neighboring trees plant NBVOIS Number of alive neighboring trees for a given tree Assessment of the date when 90% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_99 evaluation plant thinning Thinning Assessment of the thinning, an operation to remove a number of trees from a plot in favour of those left in place ECL DHL Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels color lenticel Maximum colour level of visible hypertrophied lenticels WT% quality Tension wood, reaction wood formed on the upper side of tree branches and leaning trunks and characterized by narrower and thinner walled wood and fiber elements, excessive longitudinal shrinkage, and tendency to collapse on drying cork Tension wood Measurements based on the coupling of catalyzed oxidation reactions of the same compound, NADH. NADH protocol quantity Feet quantity Assessment of the feet quantity on the tree NBPIED foot P50 Xylem pressure xylem Xylem pressure presure Leaf area measurement protocol Measured on a fixed leaf area of 0.182 mm² Area of the nail inclusions cork Prego nail inclusions Nail inclusions Assessment of the date when 60% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_76 evaluation THL Assessment of hypertrophied lenticels quantity, a loose aggregation of cells which penetrates the surface of a woody plant and through which gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the underlying tissues Hypertrophied lenticels quantity quantity lenticel BBCH_96 evaluation Assessment of the date when 60% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell Count of uredia formed 14 days after inoculation. Uredia number protocol Assessment of the date when 40% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_94 evaluation Plagiotropy PLAG Observation of the tree growth orientation compared to the soil, imposed by gravity (geotropism). It is plagiotropic if the axis of growth is horizontal and orthotropic if the axis of growth is vertical. plant geotropism surf wood ring surface Surface of the rings, the layer of wood produced by a single years growth of a woody plant Ring surface BBCH_45 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of buds have a juvenile coloration Soil water availability SWA water availability Amount of water present in the soil soil petiol PL Petiole length Petiole length length Branches angle scoring scale on 3b Height of the branch height branch HB Branch height Assessment of the roughness of the part of the stem that is external to the wood or xylem, including the vascular cambium: the bark BarkR roughness bark Bark roughness Assessment of the date when 70% of the foliage turned color (color range depending) or fell BBCH_97 evaluation BBCH_60 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. Crown size protocol Assessed by the average of 2 perpendicular diameter measurements across the crown, with the first measurement made along the longest axis of the crown from one edge to the opposite edge. Bark roughness scoring scale Assessment of the date when the first leaves of the crown have faded or fallen BBCH_90 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 10% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_31 evaluation BBCH_34 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots reached 40% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) plant neighbor distance Distance individual/neighbor distance Distance between the sampled tree and its closest neighbors rubisco content leaf RQ Rubisco content in leaves Leaf rubisco content Budflush scoring scale sur 8 Chlorophyll a content in leaf green tissue leaf Chlorophyll a Chl a chlorophyll content identification Identification of the targeted tree (mother tree, replenish …) or the sample collected on the tree ID plant Identification Regeneration scoring scale Cork discontinuities protocol None Calculation of the mean of the 5 maximal values measured or computed Maximal mean value plant height HT Tree height Total height of the tree, from the ground to the tallest part of the crown Assessment of the quantity of branches of diameter approximately equal or greater than the trunk diameter Master branches quantity quantity NBBRM master branche Petiole ratio Petiole ratio petiol PR Visual assessment on the terminal bud or on the whole tree when terminal bud is not visible with a reference scoring scale Budflush scoring protocol Drought defects scoring scale kg/m3 quantity Intercalary veins quantity NV leaf vein Assessment of the quantity of leaf intercalary veins Expert visual assessment for cork inner surface uniformity Cork plank uniformity protocol LWR lobe Lobe width ratio Lobe width ratio lamina Drought damage SEC Assessment of drought damages plant damages Visual assessment of the branches angle with a reference scoring scale, on a minimum of two to three successive whorls and discarding the last two whorls. Branches angle protocol 1 cell lygnifying N-Lygn_lent Lygnifying lenticel cells cork Assessment of the number of lenticel cells lygnifying cm2 Collar protocol Measurement made at the base of the tree, at the collar ROU Assessment of rust, a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) plant rust Rust Woodpecker status cork quality The woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) that in pursuit of the larvae of the cobrilha also perforates often the planks. Woodpecker Mf is the fresh mass, Mt is the turgid mass after rehydrating the leaves and Md is the dry mass after drying the leaves in an oven.  Leaf water content protocol Stem drying up Assessment of the drying up level of the stem drying up plant DES Assessment of epicormic primary buds quantity, a primary having reached the bark as its growth has been delayed for a rather long time primary epicormic bud Epicormic primary bud quantity PriLBD quantity None Cork ring width protocol Ability to vegetative propagation Assessment of the ability to vegetative propagation, any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure AVP Calculation of the medium of a series of measured or computed values Medium value g.cadidene molecule content Gamma cadidene content leaf Gamma cadidene content Visual appreciation at the inoculation point with a reference scoring scale. Most protocol are using 2 or 3 inoculation points per tree. Canker girdling index protocol Competition scoring scale Drought damages scoring scale The mean value of a list of measured meteo values Average meteo value Cork Quality Terrentas/Barrentas quality cork A loose, pulverulent tissue with rounded cells that leave empty spaces between them, whose walls do not always overlap, filling the lenticular channels. It occurs mainly in corks with a special type of porosity in which the pores have a longitudinally conical profile. When this defect manifests itself frequently, the cork is called terrenta or muddy, and in the most severe cases it disables the production of natural cork works. Terrentas/Barrentas Leaf area LA leaf Total area of the leaf area Number of sylleptic branches more than 10 cm-long are counted at the end of the growing season Sylleptic shoot protocol nP Primary branching quantity primary branching Assessment of primary branching quantity quantity Flexuosity scoring scale on 5 Repetitions protocol Number of replicates used to calculate the mean value of the associated trait Assessment of the date when 50% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_65 evaluation Bud date protocol Estimated date from polynomial regression of a time series of budflush or budset scores µmol electron m-2 s-1 Assessment of the tree defoliation plant DF Defoliation defoliation SUR survival plant Assessment of the health status related to red band disease Health status red strip branch Branching habit BRAH Branching habit LDR depth Lobe depth ratio Lobe depth ratio lobe Stem diameter diameter stem Diameter of the tree main stem D Total length of the shoot shoot LPOUS Shoot length length Leaf saccharose content leaf SACL saccharose content Saccharose content in leaves Mass percentage epicormic branch quantity Assessment of epicormic branches quantity, shoots growing from a dormant bud lying underneath the bark of an old structure Epicormic branches quantity EpiBC Game damage stem GIB damages Assessment of game damages PhiPS2 Leaf quantum yield of photosystem II Quantum yield of electron transfer at PSII leaf photosystem II Lamina shape shape lamina BS Shape of the lamina Ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in leaves. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and compost. carbon-to-nitrogen ratio C/N C/N leaf Bark thickness protocol Measured randomly at 130 cm from ground level (approximately breast height) using either a small calliper or ruler (if the bark can be detached without damage for the tree) or with specifically designed bark gauges. Cork discontinuities cork discontinuities Sharp furrows, oriented longitudinally on the coast of the planks, and may cause discontinuities in the first layers of cork that were produced enguy Assessment of the date when the majority of the flower buds have begun to open BBCH_53 evaluation Budset scoring scale vpm [C02] GRA quantity seed Assessment of seeds quantity Seeds quantity BBCH_01 evaluation Assessment of the date when most leaf or mixed buds began to swell Carbon isotope (C13) composition in leaves Delta C13 Delta13C leaf carbon discrimination Mean wood density Calculation of the mean ring, latewood or earlywood density weighted by the ring surface Allelic richness scoring scale Straightened branch BRR straightening Assessment of straightened branch branch population Temperature on the site of the population Temperature temperature Temp Allelic richness AR allelic richness population Assesment of the allelic richness of the population by estimation of the mean allelic number by locus in the population Index xylem KS Xylem hydraulic conductivity hydraulic conductivity Xylem hydraulic conductivity Biomass protocol Measured by leaves weighing Branches angle protocol 2 Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale scale_of Epinasty scoring scale Chalara scoring scale on 3 Measurement of consumed leaf disk area (image analysis) based on feeding multiple choice bioassay in laboratory conditions (boxes of 48 genotypes x 20 replicates). Comsumed leaf protocol leaf PV venation Percentage venation Percentage venation Non-photochemical quenching NPQ leaf quenching Non-photochemical quenching Leaf area protocol Leaf area was determined with a color image analysis system (WinDIAS 2, Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK) by scaning individual leaves Calculation of the mean of the 5 minimal values measured or computed Minimal mean value Measured on the maximum extension of canopy branches along an axis of the crown, from one edge to the opposite edge Canopy projection protocol Branching degree Branching degree branching RAM plant Assessment of the date when 10% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_71 evaluation BBCH_77 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Geotropism scoring scale BBCH_07 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 50% of the foliar or mixed buds have burst. The green tips or bases of the leaves appear between the scales. In pines, the bud lengthens and the needles remain inside their sheath, which takes on a silvery hue; the green base of the needles can be seen. In other conifers, the needles begin to be visible. Wood infradensity protocol None Soil water availability Soil was spread in a fine layer and air-dried in the glasshouse until a constant weight was achieved. Minimum pot weight was considered to be pot’s weight containing a totally dry soil mixture. Maximum pot weight was measured when soil was at field capacity (FC) cork Cork plank thickness thickness Cork plant thickness ESP BBCH_40 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of the shoots show signs of growth arrest (appearance of morphological markers) Debarking protocol None The larva of the coriander (Coroebus undatus) that digs galleries in the nest near the felogene Cobrilha Cobrilha status quality cork Corks thickness is measured in eight positions: two in each radial surface and two others in each transversal face. The measured positions are marked for comparison with data obtained after boiling. Cork thickness before boiling protocol Cork Porosity protocol Image acquisition of the two radial, two transversal and one tangential sections was made through scanning at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Images were uploaded and then analysed using ImageProPlus1(Media Cybernetics, USA) image-processing software. Aspect protocol The aspect/direction (azimuth) is measured by compass (5 degree steps) in the direction of the steepest slope Assessment of debarkings quantity cork N-debark Debarkings quantity debarking leaf Alpha copaene content Alpha copaene content a.copaene molecule content azimuth soil azimuth The direction (azimuth) that the slope faces at the location of the tree Individual aspect suberin content Suberin Ectadecanedioid content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Ectadecanedioid acid Suberin Ectadecanedioid content cork Alpha pinene content molecule content leaf Alpha pinene content a.pinene canopy_projection crown Canopy projection Length of the maximum extension of canopy branches from one end to the other (crown diameter) diameter µm SI Ratio between the number of stomata and the total number of epidermal cells counted on the same unit area stomatal index Stomatal index leaf BBCH_00 evaluation Assessment of the date when all buds are dormants m2.MPa-1.s-1 Suberin Glycerol content Suberin Glycerol content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomers (Glycerol and phenolics): Glycerol cork suberin content Measured in linhas (1 linha = 2,256 mm) with a kind of ruler called pé de linha pé de linha Cork ring width ring width Cork ring width CR-w cork Maximal meteo value The maximum value of a list of measured meteo values Half-day nkat/mg assimilation A Assimilation rate leaf Assimilation rate het5 None BBCH_14 evaluation Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 40% of the crown. For pines: 40% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 40% of buds with open-brushed needles. Colorimetric protocol Colorimetric determination cm2/g quantity Assessment of the quantity of lobes on the lamina lobe NL Lobe quantity Flexuosity protocol Visual assessment on the first 15 m of the tree height (the crown is not taken into account) with a reference scoring scale. In case of forked stems, only the trunk below the deepest forking point is evaluated. Observations should ideally be done in winter time as visibility is better without leaves. Assessed by the average of 3 rounds of counting of fruits/cones Fruits/Cones mean Shape scoring scale None Pore lenght protocol Year Assessment of the lamina pubescence, the fact of having fine hairs more or less spaced on the leaf blade pubescence lamina HR Lamina pubescence Notation of the number of days until the observed stage is reached for the first time Day number protocol Chalara scoring scale on 5 Branches angle scoring scale on 3 quantity Assessment of growth units quantity growth unit Growth unit quantity NBUC Degree Cork age protocol None biomass RDM Weight of the dry root root Root dry mass Assessment of the date when 30% of the fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet BBCH_73 evaluation Abundance of natural regeneration around the tree soil regeneration regeneration Natural regeneration mg/cm2 damages GEL Assessment of frost damages Frost damage plant Broadleaves budflush scoring scale BBCH_70 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits reached their usual maximum size, but did not changed color yet Epinasty protocol The occurrence of leaf epinasty was recorded using three ordinals classes: above perpendicular, perpendicular to stem axis and less then perpendicular, and three numerical values were assigned for these classes: 120°, 90° and 60° MFL leaf Mean flush length during the growing season Flush length flush length mmol H2O m-2 s-1 Soil stone content Stone content in the soil around the tree stone_content soil stone content SLA protocol Ratio of the leaf area, measured by image analysis, per the leaf dried mass (cm2/g) leaf Dissolved oxygen content oxygen content Dissolved oxygen content in leaves DOC BBCH_82 evaluation Assessment of the date when 20% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) Cork plank color scoring scale Assessment of the date when 80% of the crown fruits are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) BBCH_88 evaluation Measured with a pilodyn with 3 repetitions Pilodyn protocol Branches angle scoring scale on 5 Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content cork Suberin Trihydroxyoctadecanoic content suberin content Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Flexuosity scoring scale on 3 WRP-h Wood radial parenchyma high radial parenchyma Wood radial parenchyma high high Budflush BBCH scoring scale Abundance in crown scoring scale S50 Slope of the vulnerability curve Slope of the vulnerability curve slope vulnerability curve Eelness scoring score cork Total cork chemical composition in suberin monomores suberin content Total suberin content Total suberin content Growth scoring scale BS_date Assessment of the date when budset score will be reached for the first time budset Budset date bud plant SEL Phenotypic note Assessment of the phenotypic value of the tree for selection selection GS Enzymatic activity of Glutamine Enzymatic activity of Glutamine enzymatic activity leaf BBCH_67 evaluation Assessment of the date when 70% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_30 evaluation Assessment of the date when shoots start to growth Leaf coloration scoring scale BBCH_80 evaluation Assessment of the date when the first fruits of the crown are mature (has changed color or is dried and dehiscent or has fallen) pilodyn PIL Penetration opposition Assessment of wood hardness by testing its resistance to pilodyn penetration stem quality cork The ant (Cremastogaster scutellaris) that opens wide and sinuous galleries in the suberous tissue Formiga Formiga status Assessment of the date when 30% of flowers are sexually mature. For flowers with petals: petals are spread out and stamens release pollen. For male flowers in catkins: stamens are visible and release pollen. Other male flowers: stamens are visible and release pollen. BBCH_63 evaluation Growth BBCH scoring scale Assessment of the date when leaves are coming out of their bud. For broadleaves: the first leaves are spread on about 10% of the crown. For pines: 10% of very elongated buds with first needles coming out or out of the sheath but still tight, as stuck between them. For other conifers: 10% of buds with open-brushed needles. BBCH_11 evaluation Visual assessment with a reference scoring scale Basal sweep protocol µmol CO2 / mmol H2O Cork chemical composition in suberin monomores (long-chain alfa, omega-bifunctional fatty acids): Hydroxyalkanoic acid Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content cork suberin content Suberin Hydroxyalkanoic content Wood fibers lengh fiber lengh wood WF-l Wood fibers lengh Rust scoring scale Budflush scoring scale on 3 Counting manualy the number of leaves longer than 2 cm on the plant Leaf counting protocol Marcescence scoring scale on 6 Pollarding scoring scale Budburst scoring scale BBCH_08 evaluation Assessment of the date when at least 10% of buds have the tips of the first leaves that extend beyond the tip of the bud scales Defoliation scoring scale on 5 Stem dry mass stem SDM biomass Weight of the dry stem Assessment of the date when shoots reached 60% of their final size (deducted a posteriori) BBCH_36 evaluation variable_of method_of Gradians Senescence scoring scale