Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdLi_M_mgkg University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PhomaLS_Cou_plnt10plnt Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdCycloartenol_Cp_pct University of Hertfordshire PhomaSK_E_0to7 Yongju Huang, John West cropAnnot_E_cmt Crop problems;Crop problems during the cycle.;CROP Anne Laperche INRA intermediate to high damage 6 Anne Laperche INRA Growth Stage F2;10% of the flowers are open on the main inflorescence elongation of the main inflorescence. Corresponds to growth stage F2 (CETIOM) or 61 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_F2 stageF2_cnt_dayj Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdCampesterol_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCa_M_mgkg John Innes Centre PltHght_M_cm Rachel Wells Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham MLRL_Cp_cm SdB_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham BeakLen_M_cm John Innes Centre Rachel Wells SdS_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdCycloartenol_M_mgkg Rothamsted SdKeto_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin LfSr_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdSe_M_mgkg Nottingham LeafMiner_Cou_pct University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West seeds are brown and hard. Corresponds to growth stage G5 (CETIOM) or 81 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G5 stageG5_cnt_dayj Growth Stage G5;10% of the seeds have reached maturity INRA Anne Laperche LfCu_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock PowMildew_E_0or1 University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West regStand_E_0to9 Regularity Stand;Scoring of the regularity of the plant stand;REGSTAND INRA Anne Laperche 0 No leaf spotting Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfB_M_mgkg Nottingham INRA Anne Laperche protYield_Comp_qha Prot Yield;Protein yield per ha;PrY LfAg_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Nottingham LRL_M_cm Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham LfMg_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock PhomaLS_E_0to3 University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West Anne Laperche stageFlo_cnt_dayj INRA Growth Stage Flowering;Additional flowering stages according to the BBCH scale (62-65);GRWSTG_FLO 7 high damage stagePodMaturity_cnt_dayj Anne Laperche INRA Growth Stage Pod Maturity;Additional stages for pod maturity according to the BBCH scale (82-99);GRWSTG_PODMATURITY INRA Nitrogen Harvest Index;Proportion of N accumulated in seed to N accumulated in the total plant (including shoot and root);NHI NHI_Comp_pct Anne Laperche Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdStigmasterol_Cp_pct SdFe_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas SD_Est_mm Nottingham Anne Laperche Growth Stage C1;Bolting date when the first inter-node appears stageC1_cnt_dayj corresponds to growth stage C1 (CETIOM) or 31 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_C1 INRA 7 regular Nottingham LfBa_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Plant Size;Height of plants in an experimental plot;PLANTSIZE INRA Anne Laperche plntHeight_M_cm Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAvenasterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted SdNum_Ct_sd John Innes Centre Rachel Wells Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfAl_M_mgkg corresponds to growth stage F1 (CETIOM) or 60 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_F1 INRA Anne Laperche stageF1_cnt_dayj Growth Stage F1;First flowers are open LfFe_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Brassica ontology Brassica napus ontology Anne Laperche Plot Surface;Surface of the elementary experimental plot;PLOTSURF INRA plotSize_M_m2 Anne Laperche INRA stageG1_cnt_dayj flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G1 (CETIOM) or 71 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G1 Growth Stage G1;10% of the pods have reached their final size Plot Harvest Weight;Weight (kg) of raw materials harvested by plot;PLOTHARVEST INRA plotHarvest_M_kg Anne Laperche John Innes Centre Rachel Wells PodWid_M_cm glsSeedCont_M_μmolg Glucosinolates;Content of glucosinolates in seeds determined by NIRS;GLS INRA Anne Laperche 2 Sdd-toc_M_mgkg Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova University of York hailDmg_E_0to9 Anne Laperche Hail Damage;HAILDMG INRA LRN_Ct_root Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham LRD_Cp_rootcm Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas University of York Sda-toc_M_mgkg Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAlk_M_mgkg Rothamsted John Innes Centre FtLen_M_cm Rachel Wells University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West VertWilt_E_0or1 plntStnd_M_plntm2 Plant Density;Number of viable plants counted per surface unit;PLANTDENS Anne Laperche INRA SNi_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt LfS_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock 9 perfectly regular Oil %;Content of oil in seeds determined by NIRS;O Anne Laperche INRA oilSeedCont_M_pct SdPb_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Anne Laperche INRA lodging_E_0to9 Plant Lodging;Scoring of the plant lodging of the plot;LODGING Anne Laperche stageEndFlo_cnt_dayj corresponds to growth stage 69 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_ENDFLO Growth Stage End Flowering;End of flowering on the main inflorescence INRA Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfP_M_mgkg Nottingham LfNi_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfRb_M_mgkg Nottingham Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfTi_M_mgkg seedImpur_M_pct Seed Impurities;Percentage of impurities in a sample of seeds determined by weighing;SEEDIMPUR Anne Laperche INRA Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdB-Sitosterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Rothamsted SdAlcI_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdMo_M_mgkg Nottingham SdBrassicasterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdStigmasterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfMn_M_mgkg LfV_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfU_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock 51-75% girdling 4 University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West VertWilt_Cou_pct Seed Moisture NIRS;Moisture content in a sample of seeds determined by NIRS;SEEDH2O_NIRS Anne Laperche INRA seedMoist_mnirs_pct SdBranched_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Protein %;Content of proteins in seeds determined by NIRS;Pr INRA Anne Laperche protSeedCont_M_pct low to intermediate damage 4 < 10% 9 Yongju Huang, John West LLSleaf_E_pct University of Hertfordshire Nottingham LfCs_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock 5 30-60% Nottingham SdNa_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt LfK_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock SdZn_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Erucic Acid;Content of erucic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;ERUCIC INRA Anne Laperche erucicSeedCont_M_pct Rachel Wells PodNumbTermRac_Ct_PodTermRac John Innes Centre University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PhomaSKupper_E_0to7 Diseased leaved with a few large lesions of many small leasions, area quite heavily infected 4 John Innes Centre Rachel Wells SdWght_M_mg linoleicSeedCont_M_pct INRA Linoleic Acid;Content of linoleic acid in seedsdetermined by NIRS;LINOLEIC Anne Laperche Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdP_M_mgkg seedMoist_mlab_pct Seed Moisture Lab;Moisture content in a sample of cleaned seeds determined by weighing;SEEDH2O_LAB INRA Anne Laperche stageG4_cnt_dayj flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G4 (CETIOM) or 73 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G4 INRA Growth Stage G4;30% of the pods have reached their final size Anne Laperche NA 0 LfSe_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock SdCu_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfCd_M_mgkg Nottingham Rothamsted SdPhytosterol_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Phoma damage G2 score phomaDmg_CompG2_0to9 Anne Laperche INRA University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West Sclerot_Cou_plnt6plnt white blight SdB-Sitosterol_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted LfCr_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham 7 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdRb_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdAs_M_mgkg Nottingham bioticAnnot_an_text INRA Biotic Stress;Biotic attack during the crop cycle;BIOTIC Anne Laperche Yongju Huang, John West LLSleaf_E_0to7 University of Hertfordshire Seed Moisture Harvest;Moisture content in a sample of seeds determined by humiditer;SEEDH2O_HARV Anne Laperche INRA seedMoistHarv_mhumi_pct SdK_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Pod shattering;Scoring of pods open just before harvest;PODSHAT podShat_E_score INRA Anne Laperche LfNa_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock acronym John Innes Centre FertBraNumb_Ct_Fb Rachel Wells Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAlcII_M_mgkg Rothamsted 1 high irregular Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCr_M_mgkg Rothamsted SdCampesterol diunsat_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin PodLen_M_cm John Innes Centre Rachel Wells Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfAs_M_mgkg Anne Laperche Protein Meal %;Content of proteins in the meal determined by NIRS;PRMEAL INRA protMealCont_M_pct Nottingham LfZn_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock PedLen_M_cm Rachel Wells John Innes Centre TRL_Cp_cm Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Annotations on measure validity;VALIDATION validateannot_E_cmt Anne Laperche INRA linolenicSeedCont_M_pct Anne Laperche INRA Linolenic Acid;Content of linolenic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;LINOLENIC Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfPb_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdFA_M_mgkg Rothamsted 3 Plant Emergence;Percentage of seeds that emerge;EMERG INRA Anne Laperche plntStdEmerg_M_plt 4 Anne Laperche Stearic Acid;Content of stearic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;STEARIC stearicSeedCont_M_pct INRA Rothamsted SdTotalWax_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdMn_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt 5 Half green/half diseased, leaf curling and distortion Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdSr_M_mgkg Yongju Huang, John West LLSpods_E_pct University of Hertfordshire moderately regular 5 oilYield_Comp_qha Oil Yield;Oil yield per ha;OY INRA Anne Laperche University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PhomaLS_Cou_pct 8 high to severe damage Sdy-toc_M_mgkg University of York Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova intermediate damage 5 6 Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdCampesterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted 0 No disease observable Yongju Huang, John West PhomaSKbase_E_0to7 University of Hertfordshire Growth Stage Pod Development;Additional stages for pod development according to the BBCH scale (72-79);GRWSTG_PODDEV Anne Laperche INRA stagePodDev_cnt_dayj Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfMo_M_mgkg oleicSeedCont_M_pct Oleic Acid;Content of oleic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;OLEIC Anne Laperche INRA palmiticSeedCont_M_pct Palmitic Acid;Content of palmitic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;PALMITIC INRA Anne Laperche SdAld_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted 2-25% girdling 2 5-10 spots per plant 2 2 very low damage 6 100% girdling ( stem weak/firm) SdAvenasterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Anne Laperche INRA weevilsDmg_E_0to9 Weevils (all species) damage score;charancon LfCa_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock 0 NA Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire LLSstem_E_pct Trace of disease 1 Rachel Wells StemWid_M_cm John Innes Centre Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCo_M_mgkg 7 10-30% 7 Plants heavily stunted or dead. Anne Laperche climaticAnnot_E_cmt Climatic Stress;Climatic incidents during the crop cycle;CLIMATIC INRA No lodging 1 6 Evidence of stunting 4 Rothamsted SdCampesterolDiunsat_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin entity Culture leaning, without impact 2 SdMg_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt 5 Average loding trace 1 Rothamsted SdBrassicasterol_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas PRL_M_cm 2 Diseased leaves with non or a few small lesions 60-90% 3 <5 spots per plant 1 low damage 3 Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCd_M_mgkg Nottingham attribute 3 26-50% girdling NA 0 8 white blight Sclerot_Cou_plntPlot University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West irregular 3 75-100% girdling 5 9 severe damage >10 spots per plant 3 ≤ 5% girdling 1 0 no symptoms observable 1 high > 90% Plants with scattered lesions 3 no visible affection 0 Seed The concentration of Cycloartenol in seeds Cycloartenol SdCycloartenol Seed Cycloartenol content Cycloartenol content 2020-10-19T00:00:02 Seed mineral analysis - Measurement 3 seeds per tube and occasionally four for verry small seeds from multiple replicate plants per accession were left to soak in nitric acid over night and then digested in block heaters prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This data was then weight normalised so that data from each element was in the units mg/kg plants/6 plants dSP Seed Phosphorus content The concentration of Phosphorus in seeds Seed Phosphorus content Pod and stem wax content The concentration of wax in the pod and seed material SdTotalWax Pod and stem wax content Seed SdAvenasterol Seed Avenasterol content Avenasterol The concentration of Avenasterol in seeds Avenasterol content Palmitic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids LfTi The concentration of Titanium in leaves Leaf Titanium content Leaf Titanium content SdMn The concentration of Manganese in seeds Seed Manganese content Seed Manganese content Leaf Arsenic content Arsenic content Leaf The concentration of Arsenic in leaves LfAs Seed linoleic acid content StLinoleic The concentration of linoleic acid in seeds. Linoleic acid content Seed Seed Seed impurity content Impurities content Percentage of impurities in a sample of seeds determined by weighing. SdImpur Manganese content Leaf Manganese content The concentration of Manganese in leaves Leaf LfMn mg/kg LfU Uranium content Leaf Leaf Uranium content The concentration of Uranium in leaves Measurement of mean pod length (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Pod length - Measurement Comment LfFe Leaf Iron content The concentration of Iron in leaves Iron content Leaf day-of-year NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Erucid seed content NIRS - Measurement CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. First inter-node (BBCH 31) date – Estimation Surface is determined by the experimental design Plot Size – Computation Seed moisture content humidifier - Measurement Humidimeter (sample of seeds) Plant Development stage pod development stage;time to BBCH growth stages 72-79 Pod development time (BBCH 72-79) Additional stages for pod development according to the BBCH scale (72-79) Biotic attack during the crop cycle. Plant Biotic attack annotation Exposure to biotic attack; damage du to biotic attack BioticPb NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight Oil seed content NIRS - Measurement Differential weighing. A sample of around 200 grammes ofdrymature seeds is weighted before and after cleaning using a column in order to determine the gross weight (GWg) and the net weight (NWg) respectively Seed impurity content – Computation SdMo Seed Molybdenum content The concentration of Molybdenum in seeds Seed Molybdenum content Stigmasterol proportion of Phytosterols Seed The percentage of Stigmasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Sigmasterol content Stigmasterol SdStigmasterol_Cp 10 plants from each plot were assessed on % incidence with light leaf spot (LLS). The incidence of LLS on leaves was recorded based on presence/absence of LLS. For example, 4 out 10 plants with phoma, the incidence of phoma will be 40%. LLS incidence (diseased) - Estimation SdFe Iron content The concentration of Iron in seeds Seed Seed Iron content Leaf Leaf Lead content Lead content LfPb The concentration of Lead in leaves % Phosphorus content Leaf Phosphorus content Leaf LfP The concentration of Phosphorus in leaves Alkane-functional group content Pod and stem Alkane-functional group content SdAlk Pod and stem The concentration of components with alkane functional groups from pod and stem material The percentage of plants that showed presence of phoma leaf spot from a subsample of a plot Phoma incidence Leaf Incidence of Phoma leaf spot μmol/g Seed Moisture content SdMoist Seed moisture content. Seed moisture content SdAld Pod and stem Aldehyde functional group content Aldehyde functional group content The concentration of components with aldehyde functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem Pod and stem Fatty acids functional group content Fatty acids functional group content The concentration of components with fatty acids as functional groups from pod and stem material SdFA Pod and stem The concentration of Magnesium in seeds Seed Magnesium content SdMg Seed Magnesium content Oil yield - Computation Oil yield calulated as a product of seed yield (SY) and oil content in seeds (O) Density of lateral roots (LRD) occuring along the primary root were calculated by dividing lateral root number (LRN) by primary root length (PRL). Lateral root number (LRN) and primary root length (PRL) were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation The concentration of Boron in seeds SdB Seed Seed Boron content Boron content PH height Maximum plant height from ground to tip of terminal raceme plant Plant height Pedicel length - Measurement Measurement of mean length of pedicel (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged B-Sitosterol content Seed B-Sitosterol content The concentration of B-Sitosterol in seeds B-Sitosterol Seed SdB-Sitosterol NIRS assay Quantity per Seed Dry Weight GLS seed content NIRS - Measurement 0-9 Regularity scale cm Pod and stem Ketone functional group content SdKeto The concentration of components with ketone functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem Ketone functional group content Pod width of pods from terminal raceme Pod width width pod Brassicasterol proportion of Phytosterols Brassicasterol SdBrassicasterol Seed The percentage of Brassicasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Brassicasterol content 10 spots per plant]]> Leaf phoma resistance - Estimation kg Plant Beginning of pod maturity time (BBCH 81) Development stage BBCH growth stage 81;CETIUM growth stage G5 10% of the seeds have reached maturity, seeds are brown and hard Corresponds to growth stage G5 (CETIOM) or 81 (BBCH scale) The concentration of glucosinolates in seeds. Seed Glucosinolate content Seed glucosinolate content SdGLS Relative seed Phytosterol content - Computation The percentual proportions of individual Sterols derived from MO_008 were calculated from the concentrations with regard to the total amount of sterols Plant HailDmg Plant damage caused by hail. Hail damage Hail damage Measurement of stem width approx 2 cm from base from randomly selected plants,using SigmaScan from digital image. Stem witdh - Measurement regularity stand - Estimation Visual notations (scale 0 - 9) Stearic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Plant height - Measurement Height is measured from ground to the top of the plants using a dipstick graduated in cm Lateral root number Number of lateral roots LRN Lateral root number Light leaf spot severity on pods, judged by the percentage area of the pods covered by LLS. Pod Light leaf spot severity LLS severity on pods (percentage of pod area covered by LLS) 0-3 disease stage scale Withering disease caused by the agent Leptosphaeria maculans (Phoma). Phoma damage Phoma damage Withering disease PhomaDmg Plant Seed sieving - Estimation Seeds were sieved using mesh with a diameter (Ø) of 1.4, 1.7, 2.0 and 2.36 mm. Seeds retained were recorded in the corresponding diameter category and treated as if this was their true diameter. Seed Chromium content Seed The concentration of Chromium in seeds SdCr Chromium content Count the number of plants on linear sections defined in each sowing line at the exception of the border lines Plant stand - Counting Protein meal content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight The percentage of Campesterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Campesterol proportion of Phytosterols Seed SdCampesterol_Cp Seed Campesterol content Campesterol SdCampesterolDiunsat_Cp Campesterol diunsat proportion of Phytosterols Campesterol diunsat Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content Seed The percentage of diunsaturated Campesterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds LLS incidence on leaf Leaf Light leaf spot incidence The percentage of plants that showed presence of light leaf spot incidence on leaves Stem base Severity assessment of phoma stem canker base stem on a 0-7 scale. Stem canker is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa Phoma stem cancer severity Phoma stem canker base stem score Plant stand at emergence – Computation EMERG = (Number of plants obtained / Number of seeds sown) x 100 plants/10 plants The concentration of Nickel in seeds Nickel content SdNi Seed Seed Nickel content Seed Sulphur content SdS The concentration of Sulphur in seeds Sulphur content Seed Leaf LfCa Calcium content Leaf Calcium content The concentration of Calcium in leaves Pod and stem secondary Alkohol functional group content secondary Alkohol functional group content Pod and stem The concentration of components with secondary alcohol functional groups from pod and stem material SdAlcII CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. First flowers (BBCH 60) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Early pod development (BBCH 73) date – Estimation Biomass Biomass yield Yield Weight (kg) of raw materials harvested by plot Leaf The percentage of plants that showed presence of leaf miner from a subsample of a plot Incidence with leaf miner Leaf miner incidence Pod shattering - Estimation Visual notations (scale 0 - 9) The diameter of a seed Seed diameter diameter SD Seed Plant BBCH growth stage 73;CETIUM growth stage G4 Early pod development time (BBCH 73) Development stage 30% of the pods have reached their final size, flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G4 (CETIOM) or 73 (BBCH scale) Sclerotinia incidence Presence or absence of fungal infection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a disease also known as 'white blight' , as it produces cottony white mold, on mainly the aboveground parts, which turn into small black 'sclerotia' for overwintering. Plant No of plants with Sclerotinia (per plot) PrY Seed protein yield Protein yield Seed Protein yield per ha Presence (1) or absence (0) of powdery mildew Absence or presence of powdery mildew Plant Powdery mildew presence Campesterol diunsat The concentration of diunsaturated Campesterol in seeds Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content SdCampesterolDiunsat Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content The concentration of Balium in leaves Leaf Balium content LfBa Leaf Balium content Pod beak length length beak Beak length Additionnal pod development stages (BBCH 72-79) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Measurement of pod beak length (cm) is taken as the average from ten typical pods measured using SigmaScan from digital image of ten pods per plant. Pod beak length - Measurement HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) analysis - Measurement A homogenous mixture of 80 mg of rapeseed seeds from each plant were ground in a bead mill (Tissue Lyser, Qiagen, Manchester, UK) twice for 2min at 30Hz with 750 µl heptane (Rathburn, Walkerburn, UK) and 150 µl of 0.12mg mL-1 (25.4µM) internal standard, alpha-tocopherol acetate (Sigma-Aldrich, Gillingham, UK) dissolved in ethanol (Rathburn). Samples were incubated at 4°C for 2h, centrifuged and 20 µl of clear supernatant directly subjected to HPLC analysis. Tocopherols were identified by comparison of retention times with standards. TTC was counted as the sum of a-,y- and d-tocopherol contents Leaf The concentration of Zinc in leaves Zinc content LfZn Leaf Zinc content First flowers are open, corresponds to growth stage F1 (CETIOM) or 60 (BBCH scale) Development stage Plant First flowers time (BBCH 60) BBCH growth stage 60;CETIUM growth stage F1 Avenasterol SdAvenasterol_Cp Avenasterol proportion of Phytosterols Seed Seed Avenasterol content The percentage of Avenasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Visual observations Crop problems annotations - Estimation mg Gamma- tocopherol conten in seeds Seed gamma- tocopherol content seed gamma-tocopherol content Sdy-toc Sclerotinia incidence (diseased) - Counting The whole plot was assessed and the number of plants which showed Sclreotinia stem rot presence on stem or side branch was recorded. 10 plants from each plot were sampled and the leaf miner incidence was assessed. Plants were assessed for the presence or absence of leaf miner. The incidence of leaf miner was calculated as % of plants out of the ten sampled plants that were found to have leaf miner. Leaf miner incidence (diseased) - Counting StOleic Seed Seed oleic acid content The concentration of oleic acid in seeds. Oleic acid content The concentration of Potassium in leaves Potassium content Leaf LfK Leaf Potassium content Leaf mineral analysis - Measurement 3-5 leaves per plant were pooled and freeze-dried. These were then ground and digested in nitric acid in a microwave digester prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry The sum of primary root length (PRL) and lateral root length (LRL) was used to obtain total root length (TRL). Root lengths were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation SdNa Seed Sodium content The concentration of Sodium in seeds Seed Sodium content Plant No of plants with Sclerotinia (out of six) Sclerotinia incidence Numper of plants that are infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a disease also known as 'white blight' , as it produces cottony white mold, on mainly the aboveground parts, which turn into small black 'sclerotia' for overwintering. Seed Seed stearic acid content The concentration of stearic acid in seeds. Stearic acid content SdStearic Leaf Vanadium content Leaf LfV Vanadium content The concentration of Vanadium in leaves Sclerotinia incidence (diseased) - Counting Six plants were sampled and each plant was assessed for the presence/absence of Sclerotinia stem rot, number of plants with Sclerotinia was recorded (for the second replicate). Measurement of mean pod width (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Pod width - Measurement Plant height - Measurement Measure length of plant from ground level to tip of terminal raceme (cm). Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Seed Plant stand at emergence Plant emergence Percentage of seeds that emerge. PltSdEm Seed palmitic acid content Seed SdPalmitic Palmitic acid content The concentration of palmitic acid in seeds. Seed Rubidium content The concentration of Rubidium in seeds Seed SdRb Rubidium content Visual notation (scale 0 - 9) is attributed to the plants for each plot, taking into account the surface and the intensity of lodging Plant lodging incidence - Estimation SdOil Seed Oil content The concentration of oil in seeds. Seed oil content The concentration of components with primary alcohol functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stemprimary Alkohol functional group content Pod and stem SdAlcI primary Alkohol functional group content Seed Strontium content Seed SdSr The concentration of Strontium in seeds Strontium content Pod number pod number Number of pods on terminal raceme RootReader2D (RR2D, Clark et al., 2013) was used to analyse images. First, a ‘batch process’ was carried out which automatically ‘thresholds’, ‘skeletonises’ and ‘builds segments’ of all images in bulk. Then, the the root system of individual images was measured by placing a marker at the ase and tip of the primary root. From these markers, RR2D automatically calculates primary root length (PRL), lateral root length(LRL) of all laterals and lateral root number (LRN). Image analysis - Counting Number of fertile branches fertile branch Number of fertile branches number The concentration of Selenium in leaves LfSe Leaf Selenium content Leaf Selenium content length Pedicel length pedicel Pedicel length of pods from terminal raceme The concentration of Zinc in seeds SdZn Seed Zinc content Seed Zinc content NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Oleic seed content NIRS - Measurement Seed moisture content – Computation Differential weighing. A sample of around 5 grammes of cleaned dry mature seeds is weighted before and after drying at 103°C for 15 hours in order to determine the fresh weight (FWg) and the dry weight (DWg) respectively Sdd-toc seed Delta- tocopherol content in seeds delta-tocopherol content Seed delta- tocopherol content Seed Seed Cycloartenol content Cycloartenol proportion of Phytosterols The percentage of Cycloartenol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds SdCycloartenol_Cp Cycloartenol PlotSize Surface of the elementary experimental plot Plot Plot size Size SdCu The concentration of Copper in seeds Seed Seed Copper content Copper content Linolenic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Plant density Stand Plant stand PltSd Plant Crop stand Number of viable plants counted per surface unit Pod length of pods from terminal raceme length pod Pod length A measurement of the amount (in kg) of raw material that was harvested per plot as determined by on-board weighing on the harvester plotharvest - Measurement plant/m2 Seed protein Yield - Computation Seed protein content is calulated as a product of seed yield (SY) and protein content (expressed as a fraction) in seeds (Pr) GC FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) - Measurement * 3 pods and 3 sections of stem (10 cm) were collected from each plant, and inserted into Pyrex glass tubes (122 mm (L) x 19 mm (D), roughly 20 ml vol.). * Wax was extracted using chloroform. Chloroform was spiked with a C22:0 alkane and C17:0 fatty acid as internal standards. Internal standard concentrations were 10 µM in chloroform (giving 100 pmol/µl for GC injection). Wax was extracted for 30 seconds using 10 ml of the chloroform/IS mixture. Sample tubes were inverted continuously during the extraction phase. PTFE cap liners were used to ensure minimal extraction of plasticisers. * Pod and stem material are removed from the tubes, and samples dried under vacuum in a centrifugal evaporator (Genevac, EZ-2) at ? 42°C using program low BP. Samples can also be dried under a stream of nitrogen at ? 30°C. * Wax components were derivatized with 200 µl of BSTFA + TMCS (99:1) for 1 hour at 85°C. * After cooling, 800 µl of heptane was added (total vol. 1 ml), and 1 µl was injected onto the GC-FID/MS. * GC program: * Initial temp: 50°C, to 200°C at 50°C/min, to 280°C at 2°C min, to 325°C at 10°C/min, hold for 6.5 minutes. * Inlet temp: 280°C, split-less injection. * Column: HP-1MS UI, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, flow = 1 ml/ min. * FID temp: 325°C CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Additionnal pod maturity stages (BBCH 82-99) date – Estimation Seed total Phytosterol content SdPhytosterol Phytosterol content Seed The total concentration of phytosterols in seeds LRD The mean density of lateral roots along the primary root density Lateral root density Lateral root Bolting date when the first inter-node appears, corresponds to growth stage C1 (CETIOM) or 31 (BBCH scale) Development stage Plant First inter-node time (BBCH 31) BBCH growth stage 31;CETIUM growth stage C1 Seed moisture content Moisture content Seed SdMoist Seed moisture content. Leaf Sodium content LfNa Sodium content The concentration of Sodium in leaves Leaf 0-7 disease stage scale Measure length of lower stem from ground level to last formed fertile branch (cm) Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Stem length - Measurement Leaf Chromium content Chromium content The concentration of Chromium in leaves LfCr Leaf Cobalt content Seed Cobalt content SdCo The concentration of Cobalt in seeds Seed The concentration of Cadmium in seeds Cadmium content Seed Cadmium content SdCd Seed Oil yield Plant Oil yield OY Oil yield CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Addictional flowering stages (BBCH 62-65) date – Estimation Leaf Caesium content Leaf Caesium content LfCs The concentration of Caesium in leaves Lodging incidence Plant lodging incidence The plant lodging incidence. Lodg Plant PRL Primary root lengh length Primary root Length of the primary root MLRL average length Mean lateral root length Lateral root The mean length of a lateral root of that root system Beginning of pod maturity (BBCH 81) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Development stage Plant flowering stage;time to BBCH growth stage 62-65;Anthesis Additional flowering stages according to the BBCH scale (62-65) Flowering time (BBCH 62-65) Climatic incidents annotions - Estimation Visual observations Seed Selenium content The concentration of Selenium in seeds Seed Selenium content SdSe N content proportion of plant N content Seed N content to total plant N content ratio Ratio of N accumulated in seed to N accumulated in the total plant (including shoot and root) Nitrogen Harvest Index NHI Seed Seed weight of ten typical pods weight seed Seed weight foot length Foot length Length of lower stem from ground level to last formed fertile branch Climatic incidents during the crop cycle. Plant ClimPb Climatic incidents annotation Exposure to climatic stress The concentration of Arsenic in seeds Seed Arsenic content Arsenic content SdAs Seed Six plants were sampled from each plot. Each whole plant was assessed for presence or absence of verticilium wilt. The % of plants with Verticillium symptoms out of the 6 sampled plants was recorded. Verticilium wilt presence - Counting 0-7 percentage scale mm Beginning of pod development time (BBCH 71) 10% of the pods have reached their final size, flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G1 (CETIOM) or 71 (BBCH scale) BBCH growth stage 71;CETIUM growth stage G1 Development stage Plant The concentration of all compounds with branched alcyl chains from pod and stem material Pod and stem branched Alcyl-chain content SdBranched branched Alcyl-chain content Pod and stem Leaf The concentration of Copper in leaves LfCu Copper content Leaf Copper content Alpha- tocopherol content in seeds Sda-toc Seed alpha- tocopherol content alpha-tocopherol content seed MlProt Meal protein content The concentration of proteins in the meal. Meal Protein content Severity assessment of phoma stem canker upper stem lesion score. It is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa Upper stem Phoma stem canker upper stem lesion score Phoma stem cancer severity Pod shattering PodShat Shattering Proportion of open pods (assessment) Pod Aluminium content The concentration of Aluminium in leaves Leaf Leaf Aluminium content LfAl Stigmasterol SdStigmasterol Seed The concentration of Stigmasterol in seeds Stigmasterol content Seed Sigmasterol content The percentage of plants that showed presence of leaf miner from a subsample of a plot Verticilium wilt presence Verticillium wilt incidence Plant Protein seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight LLS resistance - Estimation 10 plants from each plot were assessed on severity of light leaf spot (LLS) on the leaf. Assessment is based on a 0-7 score: 0=No disease observable, 1=Trace of disease, 2=Diseased leaves with non or a few small lesions, 3= Plants with scattered lesions, 4=Diseased leaved with a few large lesions of many small leasions, area quite heavily infected, 5= Half green/half diseased, leaf curling and distortion, 6= Evidence of stunting, 7=Plants heavily stunted or dead. This is based on the leaves of the whole plant. For example, if a plant had only scattered lesions on different leaves, it will score 3; if the same plant was heavily stunted, it will score 7. LfAg The concentration of Silver in leaves Leaf Leaf Silver content Silver content Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker on the upper stem. For assessing the upper stem lesion severity, the stem were cut at the upper stem area, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation boolean 0-9 Lodging Incidence scale Number of seeds in ten typical pods Seed number seed number Seed SdCa Seed Calcium content Calcium content The concentration of Calcium in seeds Stand Plant Scoring of the regularity of the plant stand Regularity of plant stand Boron content Leaf Leaf Boron content The concentration of Boron in leaves LfB The concentration of linolenic acid in seeds. Linolenic acid content StLinolenic Seed Seed linolenic acid content Fertile Branches - Counting Count number of fertile branches. Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Exposure to crop problems;damage from crop problem Crop problems during the crop cycle. Crop problems annotation CropPb Plant SdK Seed Potassium content The concentration of Potassium in seeds Potassium content Seed Seed Brassicasterol content The concentration of Brassicasterol in seeds SdBrassicasterol Seed Brassicasterol content Brassicasterol Light Leaf spot severity on leafs Light leaf spot resistance LLS severity on leaf Leaf Seed moisture NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay End of flowering on the main inflorescence, corresponds to growth stage 69 (BBCH scale) Plant BBCH growth stage 69;end flowering stage End of flowering time (BBCH 69) Development stage 0-9 Damage/Incidence scale CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Beginning of flowering (BBCH 61) date - Estimation method_of variable_of Phoma damage – G2 score – Computation Evaluation of the Phoma lingam infection with the G2 score. The evaluation occur in the stage G4 of the crop on the collar and on the elongation. Dig out the plant, Realize a cross section at the collar with a pruning, Classify the collars with the rating scale : 1= healthy plant ; 2=0-25% of necrotized surface, 3=25-50% of necrotized surface, 4=50-75% of necrotized surface, 5=75-100% of necrotized surface, 6=plant broke during the evaluation. Leaf LfRb Rubidium content Leaf Rubidium content The concentration of Rubidium in leaves The concentration of Lithium in seeds Lithium content SdLi Seed Seed Lithium content Phoma leaf spot incidence (diseased) - Estimation 10 plants from each plot were sampled. Each plant was assessed for presence/absence of phoma leaf spots. The number of plants with phoma leaf spots out of the 10 plants was recorded Weevil damage - Estimation Observe damage caused by Weevils (all species), and rate the damage. Weevil damage caused by the agent Ceutorhynchus napi (Rape Stem Weevil), Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (cabbage stem weevil) or Ceutorhynchus assimilis/obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil). Weevils damage Weevils damage WeevilsDmg Plant Measure validity Plot measure validity Plot Valid Assessment on measure validity. Leaf Leaf Molybdenum content The concentration of Molybdenum in leaves LfMo Molybdenum content Six plants were sampled from each plot, each plant was assessed for appearance of powdery mildew, if powdery mildew was present, it is recorded as 1 Powdery mildew presence - Estimation Lateral root Lateral root length LRL length Length of the lateral root Beginning of pod development (BBCH 71) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. GC FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) - Measurement * Roughly 80 mg of seed material is weighed into Precellys grinding tubes (ceramic beads, 2 ml capacity). The large seed amount is to reduce inter-seed variation. * Seeds are ground at 5500 rpm for 25 seconds three times, with a wait time of 30 seconds between each grinding step. * 1 ml of hexane containing the internal standards cholesteryl-heptadecanocate and cholestanol at a concentration of 0.00002M (20 µM) are added to samples. * Samples are vortexed, and then incubated at 30°C in a rotary incubator at 200 rpm for 1 hour. * Samples were then centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 1 minute to sediment seed material. The hexane supernatant was removed using Pasteur pipettes and transferred to 3 ml, glass trident vials. * A further two hexane extractions were performed (with no internal standards added), with 1 ml of pure hexane added to each sample, incubation at 30°C for 1 hour at 200 rpm, with a prior sample vortex step, centrifugation at 14000 rpm and finally, separation and pooling of the hexane fractions. * The 3 ml of seed lipid extract was dried down using a Genevac EZ-2 at ? 40°C for 40 minutes. * 1.5 ml of 1.5 M potassium hydroxide in 95% ethanol was added to the lipid sample (roughly 10 mg), and incubated at 80°C for 1 hour (from 80 mg total seed, 1ml total suspension, 250 ul used). * The samples are cooled, and 1 ml of a 1% (w/v) NaCl solution is added, followed by 1 ml of hexane. * Samples are vortexed, centrifuged and the upper hexane phase is removed. * A further hexane extraction is carried out with 1 ml of hexane, which is pooled with the first. * Samples are dried in a rotary evaporator or under a stream of nitrogen. * Free sterols are then silated using 100 µl of BSTFA + TMCS (99:1) for 1 hour at 85°C. (100 ul heptane added, 1 ul injection into GC-FID). *GC program: * Initial temp: 200°C, to 300°C at 16°C/min, then to 325°C at 4°C min and held for 4.5 minutes. * Inlet temp: 325°C, split-less injection. * Column: HP-1MS UI, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, flow = 1 ml/ min. * FID temp: 325°C The concentration of Cadmium in leaves Leaf LfCd Leaf Cadmium content Cadmium content Total root length Total root Length of all roots length TRL Annotations on plot measure validity. Possible values for a VALID measure : “valid” or empty and for INVALID measures (separated by comma) : “prob_BIOTIC” (problem from biotic attacks), “prob_LODGING” (problem with lodging), “prob_CLIMATIC” (problem with climatic incidents), “not valid” Plot measure validity – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. End of flowering (BBCH 69) date – Estimation width Stem width measured at the midpoint of a 5cm sample collected from the base of a hand harvested plant Stem width stem The concentration of Magnesium in leaves LfMg Leaf Leaf Magnesium content Magnesium content Samples from HI assay are analysed for N_%DW in the different fractions Nitrate Harvest index - Computation Linoleic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids The concentration of Campesterol in seeds SdCampesterol Campesterol content Seed Campesterol content Seed Campesterol The concentration of Strontium in leaves Leaf Strontium content Strontium content Leaf LfSr Seed SdProt Protein content Seed protein content The concentration of proteins in seeds. Verticilium wilt presence Verticilium wilt presence Plant Absence or presence of Verticilium wilt on the plant root/cm plants/plot Phoma incidence (diseased) - Counting 10 plants from each plot were assessed and the number of plants with Phoma leaf spot was recorded. The whole plant was assessed. The incidence of Phoma leaf spot was calculated as % of plants out of ten sampled plants that were found to have Phoma leaf spot. pod maturity stage;time to BBCH growth stage 82-99 Development stage Plant Additional stages for pod maturity according to the BBCH scale (82-99) Pod maturity time (BBCH 82-99) fertile branch scale_of Plant Beginning of flowering time (BBCH 61) BBCH growth stage 61;CETIUM growth stage F2 Development stage 10% of the flowers are open on the main inflorescence, elongation of the main inflorescence Corresponds to growth stage F2 (CETIOM) or 61 (BBCH scale) Number of plants with phoma leaf spots The number of plants that showed presence of phoma leaf spots from a subsample of a plot Plant Phoma leaf spots Pod Number - Counting Count number of pods in a 20 cm length of the terminal raceme (primary if terminal damaged). Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Stem Severity assessment of phoma stem canker base stem on a 0-7 scale. Stem canker is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa Phoma stem cancer severity Phoma stem canker severity Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker. For assessing the stem canker severity, the stem were cut the stem base, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Score the damage caused by hail. HailDmg - Estimation Biotic stress annotations - Estimation Visual observations seed 10 plants were sampled from each plot. Each plant was assessed for light leaf spot (LLS) on the whole stem (from botton to the top) and the % diseased area estimated. LLS severity - Estimation Seed Lead content Lead content The concentration of Lead in seeds Seed SdPb q/ha Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker on the base of the stem. For assessing the base stem canker severity, the stem were cut at the stem base, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation pod/20cm of terminal raceme Seed weight - Measurement Measure weight of seeds in ten typical pods taken from main raceme (or primary branch if main raceme damaged) using MARVIN seed analyser. Severity assessment of phoma leaf spot Phoma leaf spot severity Leaf phoma resistance Leaf SdB-Sitosterol_Cp B-Sitosterol Seed The percentage of B-Sitosterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed B-Sitosterol content B-Sitosterol proportion of Phytosterols root Nickel content Leaf Leaf Nickel content LfNi The concentration of Nickel in leaves Seed erucic acid content The concentration of erucic acid in seeds. Erucid acid content SdErucic Seed Light leaf spot severity Light leaf spot severity on stems, judged by the percentage of area covered by LLS. Stem LLS severity on stem (percentage of stem area covered by LLS) Scoring of presence or absence of verticilium wilt symptoms across whole plant. Verticilium wilt presence - Estimation LLS severity - Estimation 10 plants were sampled from each plot, each plant was assessed for light leaf spot on all pods and the % diseased area estimated. Leaf LfS The concentration of Sulphur in leaves Sulphur content Leaf Sulphur content Seed Number - Counting Count number of seeds in ten typical pods taken from main raceme (or primary branch if main raceme damaged) using MARVIN seed analyser. Image analysis - Computation The average of length of lateral roots was derived from dividing lateral root length (LRL) by lateral root number (LRN). Lateral root lengths and numbers were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) 0-5 percentage bracket scale