Anne Laperche Plant Emergence;Percentage of seeds that emerge;EMERG plntStdEmerg_M_plt INRA 60-90% 3 John Innes Centre Rachel Wells PltHght_M_cm Anne Laperche Hail Damage;HAILDMG INRA hailDmg_E_0to9 Anne Laperche Glucosinolates;Content of glucosinolates in seeds determined by NIRS;GLS glsSeedCont_M_μmolg INRA plotHarvest_M_kg INRA Plot Harvest Weight;Weight (kg) of raw materials harvested by plot;PLOTHARVEST Anne Laperche INRA Seed Moisture Harvest;Moisture content in a sample of seeds determined by humiditer;SEEDH2O_HARV seedMoistHarv_mhumi_pct Anne Laperche INRA Nitrogen Harvest Index;Proportion of N accumulated in seed to N accumulated in the total plant (including shoot and root);NHI NHI_Comp_pct Anne Laperche LfMo_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock SdWght_M_mg John Innes Centre Rachel Wells Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfZn_M_mgkg 2 2-25% girdling Nottingham SdP_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdKeto_M_mgkg LfP_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Anne Laperche seeds are brown and hard. Corresponds to growth stage G5 (CETIOM) or 81 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G5 INRA Growth Stage G5;10% of the seeds have reached maturity stageG5_cnt_dayj Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdPb_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham SdSe_M_mgkg INRA Oil Yield;Oil yield per ha;OY Anne Laperche oilYield_Comp_qha 9 < 10% Linolenic Acid;Content of linolenic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;LINOLENIC Anne Laperche linolenicSeedCont_M_pct INRA <5 spots per plant 1 LfFe_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Prot Yield;Protein yield per ha;PrY protYield_Comp_qha Anne Laperche INRA Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfBa_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas LRL_M_cm Nottingham John Innes Centre Rachel Wells SdNum_Ct_sd Anne Laperche INRA bioticAnnot_an_text Biotic Stress;Biotic attack during the crop cycle;BIOTIC Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfSr_M_mgkg Nottingham Yongju Huang, John West PhomaSKbase_E_0to7 University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire PhomaSK_E_0to7 Anne Laperche stageF1_cnt_dayj Growth Stage F1;First flowers are open INRA corresponds to growth stage F1 (CETIOM) or 60 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_F1 LfNi_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham white blight University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West Sclerot_Cou_plntPlot 5 Half green/half diseased, leaf curling and distortion SdCampesterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Nottingham SD_Est_mm Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas INRA validateannot_E_cmt Annotations on measure validity;VALIDATION Anne Laperche 2 5-10 spots per plant 4 Anne Laperche Oleic Acid;Content of oleic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;OLEIC INRA oleicSeedCont_M_pct 6 SdTotalWax_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfAl_M_mgkg Rothamsted SdFA_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Seed Moisture NIRS;Moisture content in a sample of seeds determined by NIRS;SEEDH2O_NIRS seedMoist_mnirs_pct Anne Laperche INRA University of Hertfordshire LLSstem_E_pct Yongju Huang, John West SdS_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt LRN_Ct_root Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas SdStigmasterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdCampesterolDiunsat_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham SdZn_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdAs_M_mgkg Nottingham oilSeedCont_M_pct Oil %;Content of oil in seeds determined by NIRS;O Anne Laperche INRA Yongju Huang, John West PhomaSKupper_E_0to7 University of Hertfordshire University of York Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova Sdy-toc_M_mgkg 1 trace INRA stageFlo_cnt_dayj Growth Stage Flowering;Additional flowering stages according to the BBCH scale (62-65);GRWSTG_FLO Anne Laperche corresponds to growth stage C1 (CETIOM) or 31 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_C1 Anne Laperche INRA Growth Stage C1;Bolting date when the first inter-node appears stageC1_cnt_dayj University of Hertfordshire PhomaLS_Cou_pct Yongju Huang, John West SdAvenasterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin John Innes Centre Rachel Wells PodWid_M_cm 0 no symptoms observable Stearic Acid;Content of stearic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;STEARIC stearicSeedCont_M_pct Anne Laperche INRA Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdPhytosterol_M_mgkg Yongju Huang, John West VertWilt_Cou_pct University of Hertfordshire Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdMn_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdLi_M_mgkg Nottingham INRA Regularity Stand;Scoring of the regularity of the plant stand;REGSTAND regStand_E_0to9 Anne Laperche 26-50% girdling 3 9 perfectly regular Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdMo_M_mgkg Nottingham 0 NA plntHeight_M_cm Anne Laperche INRA Plant Size;Height of plants in an experimental plot;PLANTSIZE Nottingham MLRL_Cp_cm Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas LfCd_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Anne Laperche stagePodDev_cnt_dayj INRA Growth Stage Pod Development;Additional stages for pod development according to the BBCH scale (72-79);GRWSTG_PODDEV PRL_M_cm Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdCycloartenol_M_mgkg Rothamsted weevilsDmg_E_0to9 Anne Laperche INRA Weevils (all species) damage score;charancon Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdCampesterol diunsat_Cp_pct TRL_Cp_cm Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas LfAs_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Palmitic Acid;Content of palmitic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;PALMITIC INRA palmiticSeedCont_M_pct Anne Laperche 51-75% girdling 4 Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfAg_M_mgkg LeafMiner_Cou_pct Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdMg_M_mgkg Nottingham LfV_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham erucicSeedCont_M_pct INRA Erucic Acid;Content of erucic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;ERUCIC Anne Laperche INRA linoleicSeedCont_M_pct Anne Laperche Linoleic Acid;Content of linoleic acid in seedsdetermined by NIRS;LINOLEIC Plot Surface;Surface of the elementary experimental plot;PLOTSURF INRA plotSize_M_m2 Anne Laperche John Innes Centre PodLen_M_cm Rachel Wells INRA Growth Stage End Flowering;End of flowering on the main inflorescence corresponds to growth stage 69 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_ENDFLO stageEndFlo_cnt_dayj Anne Laperche Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdBrassicasterol_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas LRD_Cp_rootcm Growth Stage F2;10% of the flowers are open on the main inflorescence elongation of the main inflorescence. Corresponds to growth stage F2 (CETIOM) or 61 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_F2 Anne Laperche stageF2_cnt_dayj INRA Anne Laperche INRA Protein Meal %;Content of proteins in the meal determined by NIRS;PRMEAL protMealCont_M_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdStigmasterol_M_mgkg Culture leaning, without impact 2 Anne Laperche Crop problems;Crop problems during the cycle.;CROP cropAnnot_E_cmt INRA Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfNa_M_mgkg Nottingham FertBraNumb_Ct_Fb John Innes Centre Rachel Wells SdNa_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham INRA seedMoist_mlab_pct Seed Moisture Lab;Moisture content in a sample of cleaned seeds determined by weighing;SEEDH2O_LAB Anne Laperche SdAlcII_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfMg_M_mgkg VertWilt_E_0or1 Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire LfCr_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfSe_M_mgkg Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova University of York Sda-toc_M_mgkg Anne Laperche Climatic Stress;Climatic incidents during the crop cycle;CLIMATIC INRA climaticAnnot_E_cmt SNi_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham Rachel Wells PodNumbTermRac_Ct_PodTermRac John Innes Centre protSeedCont_M_pct Anne Laperche Protein %;Content of proteins in seeds determined by NIRS;Pr INRA Anne Laperche INRA plntStnd_M_plntm2 Plant Density;Number of viable plants counted per surface unit;PLANTDENS LfU_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham 3 >10 spots per plant LfK_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham moderately regular 5 LfPb_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham acronym INRA stagePodMaturity_cnt_dayj Anne Laperche Growth Stage Pod Maturity;Additional stages for pod maturity according to the BBCH scale (82-99);GRWSTG_PODMATURITY 2 very low damage SdCu_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham entity Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdFe_M_mgkg Nottingham INRA flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G4 (CETIOM) or 73 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G4 Growth Stage G4;30% of the pods have reached their final size stageG4_cnt_dayj Anne Laperche 10-30% 7 University of York Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova Sdd-toc_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAlk_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfTi_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfCu_M_mgkg SdCo_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PowMildew_E_0or1 low damage 3 severe damage 9 LfS_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Anne Laperche Pod shattering;Scoring of pods open just before harvest;PODSHAT INRA podShat_E_score University of Hertfordshire PhomaLS_Cou_plnt10plnt Yongju Huang, John West Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdCampesterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdB-Sitosterol_M_mgkg LLSleaf_E_0to7 Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCd_M_mgkg Nottingham 5 75-100% girdling Diseased leaves with non or a few small lesions 2 SdCr_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt 3 LLSpods_E_pct University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West Plants with scattered lesions 3 Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham SdSr_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfCa_M_mgkg seedImpur_M_pct Anne Laperche INRA Seed Impurities;Percentage of impurities in a sample of seeds determined by weighing;SEEDIMPUR LfMn_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham No lodging 1 SdCa_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham SdAlcI_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdB_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham LfCs_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham 8 John Innes Centre Rachel Wells StemWid_M_cm 0 NA ≤ 5% girdling 1 Brassica napus ontology Brassica ontology SdK_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Diseased leaved with a few large lesions of many small leasions, area quite heavily infected 4 white blight Sclerot_Cou_plnt6plnt Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire BeakLen_M_cm John Innes Centre Rachel Wells No disease observable 0 SdBrassicasterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin lodging_E_0to9 Anne Laperche Plant Lodging;Scoring of the plant lodging of the plot;LODGING INRA INRA Anne Laperche flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G1 (CETIOM) or 71 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G1 Growth Stage G1;10% of the pods have reached their final size stageG1_cnt_dayj LfB_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham 100% girdling ( stem weak/firm) 6 Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham LfRb_M_mgkg 7 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) SdCycloartenol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin LLSleaf_E_pct University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West no visible affection 0 5 Average loding irregular 3 NA 0 Trace of disease 1 Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdBranched_M_mgkg Rothamsted John Innes Centre Rachel Wells PedLen_M_cm Rachel Wells FtLen_M_cm John Innes Centre Yongju Huang, John West PhomaLS_E_0to3 University of Hertfordshire low to intermediate damage 4 6 intermediate to high damage 0 No leaf spotting 8 high to severe damage Rothamsted SdAld_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Evidence of stunting 6 Phoma damage G2 score INRA phomaDmg_CompG2_0to9 Anne Laperche 2 Rothamsted SdB-Sitosterol_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdRb_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham 7 Plants heavily stunted or dead. 4 1 high > 90% Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAvenasterol_Cp_pct 7 regular high irregular 1 5 intermediate damage 7 high damage 30-60% 5 attribute 10 plants from each plot were assessed on severity of light leaf spot (LLS) on the leaf. Assessment is based on a 0-7 score: 0=No disease observable, 1=Trace of disease, 2=Diseased leaves with non or a few small lesions, 3= Plants with scattered lesions, 4=Diseased leaved with a few large lesions of many small leasions, area quite heavily infected, 5= Half green/half diseased, leaf curling and distortion, 6= Evidence of stunting, 7=Plants heavily stunted or dead. This is based on the leaves of the whole plant. For example, if a plant had only scattered lesions on different leaves, it will score 3; if the same plant was heavily stunted, it will score 7. LLS resistance - Estimation Plant lodging incidence - Estimation Visual notation (scale 0 - 9) is attributed to the plants for each plot, taking into account the surface and the intensity of lodging Length of the primary root length PRL Primary root lengh Primary root Seed Plant stand at emergence Percentage of seeds that emerge. PltSdEm Plant emergence SdZn Seed Seed Zinc content Zinc content The concentration of Zinc in seeds Sclerotinia incidence No of plants with Sclerotinia (out of six) Plant Numper of plants that are infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a disease also known as 'white blight' , as it produces cottony white mold, on mainly the aboveground parts, which turn into small black 'sclerotia' for overwintering. The concentration of Rubidium in leaves Rubidium content Leaf Rubidium content LfRb Leaf Light leaf spot severity Light leaf spot severity on stems, judged by the percentage of area covered by LLS. LLS severity on stem (percentage of stem area covered by LLS) Stem Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker on the upper stem. For assessing the upper stem lesion severity, the stem were cut at the upper stem area, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) 3 seeds per tube and occasionally four for verry small seeds from multiple replicate plants per accession were left to soak in nitric acid over night and then digested in block heaters prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This data was then weight normalised so that data from each element was in the units mg/kg Seed mineral analysis - Measurement weight seed Seed weight Seed weight of ten typical pods Palmitic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Titanium content The concentration of Titanium in leaves LfTi Leaf Leaf Titanium content cm Leaf Arsenic content The concentration of Arsenic in leaves LfAs Arsenic content Leaf Seed moisture content – Computation Differential weighing. A sample of around 5 grammes of cleaned dry mature seeds is weighted before and after drying at 103°C for 15 hours in order to determine the fresh weight (FWg) and the dry weight (DWg) respectively BBCH growth stage 31;CETIUM growth stage C1 Plant Bolting date when the first inter-node appears, corresponds to growth stage C1 (CETIOM) or 31 (BBCH scale) First inter-node time (BBCH 31) Development stage Plot measure validity Measure validity Valid Plot Assessment on measure validity. PltSd Stand Plant density Plant Number of viable plants counted per surface unit Crop stand Plant stand Seed Sulphur content The concentration of Sulphur in seeds Seed SdS Sulphur content 3-5 leaves per plant were pooled and freeze-dried. These were then ground and digested in nitric acid in a microwave digester prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry Leaf mineral analysis - Measurement LfCs Leaf Leaf Caesium content Caesium content The concentration of Caesium in leaves Campesterol diunsat SdCampesterolDiunsat Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content The concentration of diunsaturated Campesterol in seeds Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content Calcium content The concentration of Calcium in seeds Seed Calcium content SdCa Seed Leaf LfCa Leaf Calcium content The concentration of Calcium in leaves Calcium content Oil seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight Lateral root LRL Length of the lateral root length Lateral root length Addictional flowering stages (BBCH 62-65) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. mg/kg Phoma leaf spot incidence (diseased) - Estimation 10 plants from each plot were sampled. Each plant was assessed for presence/absence of phoma leaf spots. The number of plants with phoma leaf spots out of the 10 plants was recorded Sclerotinia incidence (diseased) - Counting The whole plot was assessed and the number of plants which showed Sclreotinia stem rot presence on stem or side branch was recorded. root/cm Strontium content Leaf LfSr Leaf Strontium content The concentration of Strontium in leaves Measure weight of seeds in ten typical pods taken from main raceme (or primary branch if main raceme damaged) using MARVIN seed analyser. Seed weight - Measurement The concentration of Selenium in leaves Leaf Leaf Selenium content Selenium content LfSe LLS incidence on leaf Light leaf spot incidence The percentage of plants that showed presence of light leaf spot incidence on leaves Leaf Seed The concentration of linoleic acid in seeds. Linoleic acid content Seed linoleic acid content StLinoleic Climatic incidents annotions - Estimation Visual observations % GC FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) - Measurement * 3 pods and 3 sections of stem (10 cm) were collected from each plant, and inserted into Pyrex glass tubes (122 mm (L) x 19 mm (D), roughly 20 ml vol.). * Wax was extracted using chloroform. Chloroform was spiked with a C22:0 alkane and C17:0 fatty acid as internal standards. Internal standard concentrations were 10 µM in chloroform (giving 100 pmol/µl for GC injection). Wax was extracted for 30 seconds using 10 ml of the chloroform/IS mixture. Sample tubes were inverted continuously during the extraction phase. PTFE cap liners were used to ensure minimal extraction of plasticisers. * Pod and stem material are removed from the tubes, and samples dried under vacuum in a centrifugal evaporator (Genevac, EZ-2) at ? 42°C using program low BP. Samples can also be dried under a stream of nitrogen at ? 30°C. * Wax components were derivatized with 200 µl of BSTFA + TMCS (99:1) for 1 hour at 85°C. * After cooling, 800 µl of heptane was added (total vol. 1 ml), and 1 µl was injected onto the GC-FID/MS. * GC program: * Initial temp: 50°C, to 200°C at 50°C/min, to 280°C at 2°C min, to 325°C at 10°C/min, hold for 6.5 minutes. * Inlet temp: 280°C, split-less injection. * Column: HP-1MS UI, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, flow = 1 ml/ min. * FID temp: 325°C The concentration of Arsenic in seeds Seed SdAs Seed Arsenic content Arsenic content Visual observations Biotic stress annotations - Estimation LfCd Leaf Cadmium content Cadmium content Leaf The concentration of Cadmium in leaves q/ha The concentration of oleic acid in seeds. Oleic acid content Seed oleic acid content StOleic Seed Leaf Sodium content Leaf Sodium content LfNa The concentration of Sodium in leaves Selenium content SdSe Seed Selenium content Seed The concentration of Selenium in seeds plotharvest - Measurement A measurement of the amount (in kg) of raw material that was harvested per plot as determined by on-board weighing on the harvester Erucid acid content The concentration of erucic acid in seeds. Seed erucic acid content Seed SdErucic The concentration of Manganese in seeds Seed Manganese content Manganese content SdMn Seed Six plants were sampled from each plot. Each whole plant was assessed for presence or absence of verticilium wilt. The % of plants with Verticillium symptoms out of the 6 sampled plants was recorded. Verticilium wilt presence - Counting The percentage of Avenasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Avenasterol content Avenasterol proportion of Phytosterols Avenasterol Seed SdAvenasterol_Cp Seed N content to total plant N content ratio NHI Ratio of N accumulated in seed to N accumulated in the total plant (including shoot and root) Nitrogen Harvest Index N content proportion of plant N content Seed First flowers are open, corresponds to growth stage F1 (CETIOM) or 60 (BBCH scale) Plant BBCH growth stage 60;CETIUM growth stage F1 First flowers time (BBCH 60) Development stage NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Oleic seed content NIRS - Measurement Cadmium content SdCd Seed Cadmium content The concentration of Cadmium in seeds Seed diameter SD Seed Seed diameter The diameter of a seed Yield Biomass yield Weight (kg) of raw materials harvested by plot Biomass Leaf Nickel content The concentration of Nickel in leaves LfNi Nickel content Leaf LfB The concentration of Boron in leaves Leaf Boron content Boron content Leaf wax content The concentration of wax in the pod and seed material Pod and stem wax content SdTotalWax Pod and stem Image analysis - Counting RootReader2D (RR2D, Clark et al., 2013) was used to analyse images. First, a ‘batch process’ was carried out which automatically ‘thresholds’, ‘skeletonises’ and ‘builds segments’ of all images in bulk. Then, the the root system of individual images was measured by placing a marker at the ase and tip of the primary root. From these markers, RR2D automatically calculates primary root length (PRL), lateral root length(LRL) of all laterals and lateral root number (LRN). Cobalt content The concentration of Cobalt in seeds Seed Cobalt content Seed SdCo Number of fertile branches Number of fertile branches fertile branch number Exposure to crop problems;damage from crop problem Plant CropPb Crop problems annotation Crop problems during the crop cycle. LfP The concentration of Phosphorus in leaves Phosphorus content Leaf Leaf Phosphorus content 0-3 disease stage scale 0-9 Damage/Incidence scale Pod width - Measurement Measurement of mean pod width (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Iron content LfFe The concentration of Iron in leaves Leaf Leaf Iron content The total concentration of phytosterols in seeds Phytosterol content Seed SdPhytosterol Seed total Phytosterol content Seed PrY Seed protein yield Protein yield per ha Protein yield Plant height - Measurement Measure length of plant from ground level to tip of terminal raceme (cm). Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Lodg Plant Plant lodging incidence The plant lodging incidence. Lodging incidence boolean CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. End of flowering (BBCH 69) date – Estimation Withering disease Phoma damage Withering disease caused by the agent Leptosphaeria maculans (Phoma). Plant PhomaDmg Phoma damage Seed protein content is calulated as a product of seed yield (SY) and protein content (expressed as a fraction) in seeds (Pr) Seed protein Yield - Computation PlotSize Surface of the elementary experimental plot Size Plot size Plot Phoma stem cancer severity Upper stem Phoma stem canker upper stem lesion score Severity assessment of phoma stem canker upper stem lesion score. It is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Additionnal pod maturity stages (BBCH 82-99) date – Estimation Cycloartenol proportion of Phytosterols Seed Cycloartenol content SdCycloartenol_Cp Cycloartenol Seed The percentage of Cycloartenol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed moisture content. Moisture content SdMoist Seed moisture content Seed The concentration of Magnesium in leaves Magnesium content Leaf Magnesium content LfMg Leaf The concentration of linolenic acid in seeds. Linolenic acid content StLinolenic Seed Seed linolenic acid content Leaf Balium content Balium content The concentration of Balium in leaves Leaf LfBa ClimPb Climatic incidents annotation Exposure to climatic stress Plant Climatic incidents during the crop cycle. NIRS assay Seed moisture NIRS - Measurement Evaluation of the Phoma lingam infection with the G2 score. The evaluation occur in the stage G4 of the crop on the collar and on the elongation. Dig out the plant, Realize a cross section at the collar with a pruning, Classify the collars with the rating scale : 1= healthy plant ; 2=0-25% of necrotized surface, 3=25-50% of necrotized surface, 4=50-75% of necrotized surface, 5=75-100% of necrotized surface, 6=plant broke during the evaluation. Phoma damage – G2 score – Computation Pod length - Measurement Measurement of mean pod length (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Leaf Leaf Potassium content The concentration of Potassium in leaves Potassium content LfK Phoma stem canker base stem score Phoma stem cancer severity Stem base Severity assessment of phoma stem canker base stem on a 0-7 scale. Stem canker is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. First flowers (BBCH 60) date – Estimation Leaf Leaf Silver content Silver content The concentration of Silver in leaves LfAg The average of length of lateral roots was derived from dividing lateral root length (LRL) by lateral root number (LRN). Lateral root lengths and numbers were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation Stigmasterol Seed Sigmasterol content SdStigmasterol_Cp Seed Stigmasterol proportion of Phytosterols The percentage of Stigmasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker. For assessing the stem canker severity, the stem were cut the stem base, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation LRD The mean density of lateral roots along the primary root density Lateral root Lateral root density pod development stage;time to BBCH growth stages 72-79 Pod development time (BBCH 72-79) Additional stages for pod development according to the BBCH scale (72-79) Plant Development stage The concentration of Manganese in leaves Manganese content Leaf Leaf Manganese content LfMn length Total root Length of all roots Total root length TRL plant Plant height height Maximum plant height from ground to tip of terminal raceme PH Light leaf spot resistance LLS severity on leaf Light Leaf spot severity on leafs Leaf Chromium content The concentration of Chromium in seeds Seed Seed Chromium content SdCr Nitrate Harvest index - Computation Samples from HI assay are analysed for N_%DW in the different fractions BBCH growth stage 81;CETIUM growth stage G5 Beginning of pod maturity time (BBCH 81) Plant Development stage 10% of the seeds have reached maturity, seeds are brown and hard Corresponds to growth stage G5 (CETIOM) or 81 (BBCH scale) Pod width of pods from terminal raceme pod Pod width width Length of lower stem from ground level to last formed fertile branch Foot length length foot Seed The concentration of Iron in seeds Seed Iron content SdFe Iron content fertile branch Lateral root The mean length of a lateral root of that root system MLRL Mean lateral root length average length LLS incidence (diseased) - Estimation 10 plants from each plot were assessed on % incidence with light leaf spot (LLS). The incidence of LLS on leaves was recorded based on presence/absence of LLS. For example, 4 out 10 plants with phoma, the incidence of phoma will be 40%. Sodium content Seed Sodium content SdNa Seed The concentration of Sodium in seeds Leaf Lead content The concentration of Lead in leaves Lead content Leaf LfPb Hail damage Plant damage caused by hail. Hail damage HailDmg Plant pedicel Pedicel length length Pedicel length of pods from terminal raceme LfS Sulphur content Leaf Sulphur content The concentration of Sulphur in leaves Leaf Protein seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight Development stage 10% of the flowers are open on the main inflorescence, elongation of the main inflorescence Corresponds to growth stage F2 (CETIOM) or 61 (BBCH scale) Beginning of flowering time (BBCH 61) BBCH growth stage 61;CETIUM growth stage F2 Plant Score the damage caused by hail. HailDmg - Estimation Additional flowering stages according to the BBCH scale (62-65) Flowering time (BBCH 62-65) Development stage Plant flowering stage;time to BBCH growth stage 62-65;Anthesis Verticilium wilt presence The percentage of plants that showed presence of leaf miner from a subsample of a plot Plant Verticillium wilt incidence Phoma stem cancer severity Phoma stem canker severity Stem Severity assessment of phoma stem canker base stem on a 0-7 scale. Stem canker is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa regularity stand - Estimation Visual notations (scale 0 - 9) Beginning of pod development (BBCH 71) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Number of pods on terminal raceme Pod number pod number primary Alkohol functional group content Pod and stem The concentration of components with primary alcohol functional groups from pod and stem material SdAlcI Pod and stemprimary Alkohol functional group content Leaf LfCu Leaf Copper content Copper content The concentration of Copper in leaves Phoma leaf spot severity Severity assessment of phoma leaf spot Leaf phoma resistance Leaf Leaf Aluminium content The concentration of Aluminium in leaves LfAl Leaf Aluminium content Copper content Seed The concentration of Copper in seeds Seed Copper content SdCu Additionnal pod development stages (BBCH 72-79) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. 0-9 Regularity scale Seed Seed Sigmasterol content Stigmasterol The concentration of Stigmasterol in seeds SdStigmasterol Stigmasterol content seed Seed Brassicasterol content Brassicasterol proportion of Phytosterols The percentage of Brassicasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Brassicasterol SdBrassicasterol Oil yield - Computation Oil yield calulated as a product of seed yield (SY) and oil content in seeds (O) The concentration of Boron in seeds Seed SdB Seed Boron content Boron content pod/20cm of terminal raceme Six plants were sampled from each plot, each plant was assessed for appearance of powdery mildew, if powdery mildew was present, it is recorded as 1 Powdery mildew presence - Estimation Seed Seed Campesterol content SdCampesterol Campesterol content Campesterol The concentration of Campesterol in seeds seed alpha-tocopherol content Seed alpha- tocopherol content Alpha- tocopherol content in seeds Sda-toc 0-5 percentage bracket scale mm Magnesium content SdMg Seed Magnesium content The concentration of Magnesium in seeds Seed Relative seed Phytosterol content - Computation The percentual proportions of individual Sterols derived from MO_008 were calculated from the concentrations with regard to the total amount of sterols Beginning of pod maturity (BBCH 81) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. number Lateral root Lateral root number LRN Number of lateral roots NIRS assay Quantity per Seed Dry Weight GLS seed content NIRS - Measurement Seed Seed stearic acid content SdStearic Stearic acid content The concentration of stearic acid in seeds. kg Differential weighing. A sample of around 200 grammes ofdrymature seeds is weighted before and after cleaning using a column in order to determine the gross weight (GWg) and the net weight (NWg) respectively Seed impurity content – Computation The concentration of oil in seeds. SdOil Seed oil content Seed Oil content Count number of seeds in ten typical pods taken from main raceme (or primary branch if main raceme damaged) using MARVIN seed analyser. Seed Number - Counting SdPb The concentration of Lead in seeds Seed Lead content Seed Lead content GC FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) - Measurement * Roughly 80 mg of seed material is weighed into Precellys grinding tubes (ceramic beads, 2 ml capacity). The large seed amount is to reduce inter-seed variation. * Seeds are ground at 5500 rpm for 25 seconds three times, with a wait time of 30 seconds between each grinding step. * 1 ml of hexane containing the internal standards cholesteryl-heptadecanocate and cholestanol at a concentration of 0.00002M (20 µM) are added to samples. * Samples are vortexed, and then incubated at 30°C in a rotary incubator at 200 rpm for 1 hour. * Samples were then centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 1 minute to sediment seed material. The hexane supernatant was removed using Pasteur pipettes and transferred to 3 ml, glass trident vials. * A further two hexane extractions were performed (with no internal standards added), with 1 ml of pure hexane added to each sample, incubation at 30°C for 1 hour at 200 rpm, with a prior sample vortex step, centrifugation at 14000 rpm and finally, separation and pooling of the hexane fractions. * The 3 ml of seed lipid extract was dried down using a Genevac EZ-2 at ? 40°C for 40 minutes. * 1.5 ml of 1.5 M potassium hydroxide in 95% ethanol was added to the lipid sample (roughly 10 mg), and incubated at 80°C for 1 hour (from 80 mg total seed, 1ml total suspension, 250 ul used). * The samples are cooled, and 1 ml of a 1% (w/v) NaCl solution is added, followed by 1 ml of hexane. * Samples are vortexed, centrifuged and the upper hexane phase is removed. * A further hexane extraction is carried out with 1 ml of hexane, which is pooled with the first. * Samples are dried in a rotary evaporator or under a stream of nitrogen. * Free sterols are then silated using 100 µl of BSTFA + TMCS (99:1) for 1 hour at 85°C. (100 ul heptane added, 1 ul injection into GC-FID). *GC program: * Initial temp: 200°C, to 300°C at 16°C/min, then to 325°C at 4°C min and held for 4.5 minutes. * Inlet temp: 325°C, split-less injection. * Column: HP-1MS UI, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, flow = 1 ml/ min. * FID temp: 325°C Count number of pods in a 20 cm length of the terminal raceme (primary if terminal damaged). Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Pod Number - Counting mg 0-9 Lodging Incidence scale Gamma- tocopherol conten in seeds gamma-tocopherol content seed Sdy-toc Seed gamma- tocopherol content First inter-node (BBCH 31) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Six plants were sampled and each plant was assessed for the presence/absence of Sclerotinia stem rot, number of plants with Sclerotinia was recorded (for the second replicate). Sclerotinia incidence (diseased) - Counting The percentage of plants that showed presence of leaf miner from a subsample of a plot Incidence with leaf miner Leaf Leaf miner incidence Ketone functional group content The concentration of components with ketone functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem Pod and stem Ketone functional group content SdKeto Scoring of the regularity of the plant stand Regularity of plant stand Plant Stand Scoring of presence or absence of verticilium wilt symptoms across whole plant. Verticilium wilt presence - Estimation Molybdenum content The concentration of Molybdenum in leaves LfMo Leaf Leaf Molybdenum content Cycloartenol content Seed Cycloartenol content The concentration of Cycloartenol in seeds SdCycloartenol Seed Cycloartenol day-of-year B-Sitosterol proportion of Phytosterols B-Sitosterol Seed B-Sitosterol content Seed SdB-Sitosterol_Cp The percentage of B-Sitosterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds LLS severity - Estimation 10 plants were sampled from each plot. Each plant was assessed for light leaf spot (LLS) on the whole stem (from botton to the top) and the % diseased area estimated. Seed sieving - Estimation Seeds were sieved using mesh with a diameter (Ø) of 1.4, 1.7, 2.0 and 2.36 mm. Seeds retained were recorded in the corresponding diameter category and treated as if this was their true diameter. Measurement of stem width approx 2 cm from base from randomly selected plants,using SigmaScan from digital image. Stem witdh - Measurement Seed SdMoist Seed moisture content. Seed moisture content Moisture content Plot measure validity – Estimation Annotations on plot measure validity. Possible values for a VALID measure : “valid” or empty and for INVALID measures (separated by comma) : “prob_BIOTIC” (problem from biotic attacks), “prob_LODGING” (problem with lodging), “prob_CLIMATIC” (problem with climatic incidents), “not valid” 0-7 percentage scale Pod beak length - Measurement Measurement of pod beak length (cm) is taken as the average from ten typical pods measured using SigmaScan from digital image of ten pods per plant. Seed palmitic acid content Palmitic acid content Seed SdPalmitic The concentration of palmitic acid in seeds. Light leaf spot severity Light leaf spot severity on pods, judged by the percentage area of the pods covered by LLS. LLS severity on pods (percentage of pod area covered by LLS) Pod Observe damage caused by Weevils (all species), and rate the damage. Weevil damage - Estimation SdLi Lithium content Seed Seed Lithium content The concentration of Lithium in seeds The concentration of Chromium in leaves Chromium content LfCr Leaf Leaf Chromium content Pod and stem branched Alcyl-chain content Pod and stem branched Alcyl-chain content The concentration of all compounds with branched alcyl chains from pod and stem material SdBranched Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content Campesterol diunsat proportion of Phytosterols The percentage of diunsaturated Campesterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Campesterol diunsat SdCampesterolDiunsat_Cp Seed plants/6 plants The concentration of Molybdenum in seeds Seed SdMo Seed Molybdenum content Molybdenum content Pod and stem secondary Alkohol functional group content The concentration of components with secondary alcohol functional groups from pod and stem material secondary Alkohol functional group content SdAlcII Pod and stem Linoleic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Plant End of flowering time (BBCH 69) Development stage BBCH growth stage 69;end flowering stage End of flowering on the main inflorescence, corresponds to growth stage 69 (BBCH scale) width stem Stem width measured at the midpoint of a 5cm sample collected from the base of a hand harvested plant Stem width Density of lateral roots (LRD) occuring along the primary root were calculated by dividing lateral root number (LRN) by primary root length (PRL). Lateral root number (LRN) and primary root length (PRL) were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation Count number of fertile branches. Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Fertile Branches - Counting Development stage BBCH growth stage 71;CETIUM growth stage G1 Plant Beginning of pod development time (BBCH 71) 10% of the pods have reached their final size, flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G1 (CETIOM) or 71 (BBCH scale) Comment BioticPb Biotic attack annotation Biotic attack during the crop cycle. Plant Exposure to biotic attack; damage du to biotic attack Oil yield Plant Oil yield Oil yield OY 0-7 disease stage scale Crop problems annotations - Estimation Visual observations Pedicel length - Measurement Measurement of mean length of pedicel (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Linolenic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Seed B-Sitosterol content Seed The concentration of B-Sitosterol in seeds B-Sitosterol content SdB-Sitosterol B-Sitosterol Strontium content SdSr Seed Seed Strontium content The concentration of Strontium in seeds length Pod length Pod length of pods from terminal raceme pod Weevils damage Plant Weevils damage Weevil damage caused by the agent Ceutorhynchus napi (Rape Stem Weevil), Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (cabbage stem weevil) or Ceutorhynchus assimilis/obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil). WeevilsDmg 10 spots per plant]]> Leaf phoma resistance - Estimation method_of plants/10 plants Seed The percentage of Campesterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Campesterol SdCampesterol_Cp Seed Campesterol content Campesterol proportion of Phytosterols Seed glucosinolate content Seed The concentration of glucosinolates in seeds. SdGLS Glucosinolate content Plant Sclerotinia incidence No of plants with Sclerotinia (per plot) Presence or absence of fungal infection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a disease also known as 'white blight' , as it produces cottony white mold, on mainly the aboveground parts, which turn into small black 'sclerotia' for overwintering. NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Stearic seed content NIRS - Measurement Phoma incidence (diseased) - Counting 10 plants from each plot were assessed and the number of plants with Phoma leaf spot was recorded. The whole plant was assessed. The incidence of Phoma leaf spot was calculated as % of plants out of ten sampled plants that were found to have Phoma leaf spot. NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight Protein meal content NIRS - Measurement SdImpur Seed Impurities content Percentage of impurities in a sample of seeds determined by weighing. Seed impurity content Avenasterol The concentration of Avenasterol in seeds Seed Seed Avenasterol content Avenasterol content SdAvenasterol Pod and stem Alkane-functional group content Pod and stem The concentration of components with alkane functional groups from pod and stem material SdAlk Alkane-functional group content Leaf The concentration of Uranium in leaves LfU Uranium content Leaf Uranium content number Number of seeds in ten typical pods Seed number seed Seed moisture content humidifier - Measurement Humidimeter (sample of seeds) Rubidium content The concentration of Rubidium in seeds Seed Seed Rubidium content SdRb Shattering Pod shattering PodShat Proportion of open pods (assessment) Pod 2020-10-19T00:00:02 SdBrassicasterol The concentration of Brassicasterol in seeds Brassicasterol content Seed Brassicasterol Seed Brassicasterol content Absence or presence of powdery mildew Plant Powdery mildew presence Presence (1) or absence (0) of powdery mildew Seed Potassium content Potassium content The concentration of Potassium in seeds Seed SdK 10 plants were sampled from each plot, each plant was assessed for light leaf spot on all pods and the % diseased area estimated. LLS severity - Estimation Seed Nickel content SdNi Seed The concentration of Nickel in seeds Nickel content 30% of the pods have reached their final size, flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G4 (CETIOM) or 73 (BBCH scale) Early pod development time (BBCH 73) BBCH growth stage 73;CETIUM growth stage G4 Plant Development stage Seed protein content SdProt Seed The concentration of proteins in seeds. Protein content MlProt Protein content The concentration of proteins in the meal. Meal Meal protein content A homogenous mixture of 80 mg of rapeseed seeds from each plant were ground in a bead mill (Tissue Lyser, Qiagen, Manchester, UK) twice for 2min at 30Hz with 750 µl heptane (Rathburn, Walkerburn, UK) and 150 µl of 0.12mg mL-1 (25.4µM) internal standard, alpha-tocopherol acetate (Sigma-Aldrich, Gillingham, UK) dissolved in ethanol (Rathburn). Samples were incubated at 4°C for 2h, centrifuged and 20 µl of clear supernatant directly subjected to HPLC analysis. Tocopherols were identified by comparison of retention times with standards. TTC was counted as the sum of a-,y- and d-tocopherol contents HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) analysis - Measurement Phosphorus content Seed Phosphorus content dSP The concentration of Phosphorus in seeds Seed μmol/g The sum of primary root length (PRL) and lateral root length (LRL) was used to obtain total root length (TRL). Root lengths were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation Plant stand - Counting Count the number of plants on linear sections defined in each sowing line at the exception of the border lines plant/m2 Plant height - Measurement Height is measured from ground to the top of the plants using a dipstick graduated in cm Early pod development (BBCH 73) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Beginning of flowering (BBCH 61) date - Estimation EMERG = (Number of plants obtained / Number of seeds sown) x 100 Plant stand at emergence – Computation Leaf miner incidence (diseased) - Counting 10 plants from each plot were sampled and the leaf miner incidence was assessed. Plants were assessed for the presence or absence of leaf miner. The incidence of leaf miner was calculated as % of plants out of the ten sampled plants that were found to have leaf miner. Plant Number of plants with phoma leaf spots The number of plants that showed presence of phoma leaf spots from a subsample of a plot Phoma leaf spots Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker on the base of the stem. For assessing the base stem canker severity, the stem were cut at the stem base, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Erucid seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Leaf Zinc content Leaf The concentration of Zinc in leaves LfZn Zinc content LfV Leaf The concentration of Vanadium in leaves Vanadium content Leaf Vanadium content root Aldehyde functional group content Pod and stem SdAld The concentration of components with aldehyde functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem Aldehyde functional group content Pod shattering - Estimation Visual notations (scale 0 - 9) Pod maturity time (BBCH 82-99) Additional stages for pod maturity according to the BBCH scale (82-99) pod maturity stage;time to BBCH growth stage 82-99 Development stage Plant Absence or presence of Verticilium wilt on the plant Verticilium wilt presence Plant Verticilium wilt presence length Beak length beak Pod beak length The percentage of plants that showed presence of phoma leaf spot from a subsample of a plot Incidence of Phoma leaf spot Phoma incidence Leaf Fatty acids functional group content Pod and stem Fatty acids functional group content Pod and stem SdFA The concentration of components with fatty acids as functional groups from pod and stem material variable_of Sdd-toc delta-tocopherol content Seed delta- tocopherol content Delta- tocopherol content in seeds seed Plot Size – Computation Surface is determined by the experimental design plants/plot Measure length of lower stem from ground level to last formed fertile branch (cm) Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Stem length - Measurement scale_of