SdAvenasterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire LeafMiner_Cou_pct irregular 3 Biotic Stress;Biotic attack during the crop cycle;BIOTIC INRA bioticAnnot_an_text Anne Laperche Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham LRN_Ct_root Anne Laperche INRA podShat_E_score Pod shattering;Scoring of pods open just before harvest;PODSHAT Rachel Wells John Innes Centre PodNumbTermRac_Ct_PodTermRac Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire PhomaLS_Cou_plnt10plnt Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdCampesterol_M_mgkg University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PhomaSKupper_E_0to7 Anne Laperche erucicSeedCont_M_pct Erucic Acid;Content of erucic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;ERUCIC INRA Nottingham LfBa_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock regular 7 SdCd_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Rachel Wells PodWid_M_cm John Innes Centre Plants heavily stunted or dead. 7 Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfMo_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfB_M_mgkg Nottingham SdFe_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCo_M_mgkg Nottingham Nottingham LfNi_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock INRA Oil Yield;Oil yield per ha;OY oilYield_Comp_qha Anne Laperche elongation of the main inflorescence. Corresponds to growth stage F2 (CETIOM) or 61 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_F2 stageF2_cnt_dayj INRA Growth Stage F2;10% of the flowers are open on the main inflorescence Anne Laperche 6 intermediate to high damage Rothamsted SdAlcII_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin VertWilt_E_0or1 Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire Rachel Wells John Innes Centre FertBraNumb_Ct_Fb INRA stageFlo_cnt_dayj Anne Laperche Growth Stage Flowering;Additional flowering stages according to the BBCH scale (62-65);GRWSTG_FLO LfMg_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock SdAvenasterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdPhytosterol_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfU_M_mgkg Nottingham Plot Surface;Surface of the elementary experimental plot;PLOTSURF INRA plotSize_M_m2 Anne Laperche SdNa_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt LfAg_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock INRA Anne Laperche stearicSeedCont_M_pct Stearic Acid;Content of stearic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;STEARIC 100% girdling ( stem weak/firm) 6 LfMn_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdAs_M_mgkg LfRb_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock protMealCont_M_pct INRA Anne Laperche Protein Meal %;Content of proteins in the meal determined by NIRS;PRMEAL Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham TRL_Cp_cm Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfCs_M_mgkg SdMo_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt 0 No disease observable SdLi_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt 5 intermediate damage lodging_E_0to9 INRA Anne Laperche Plant Lodging;Scoring of the plant lodging of the plot;LODGING INRA Anne Laperche Regularity Stand;Scoring of the regularity of the plant stand;REGSTAND regStand_E_0to9 SdMn_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham SD_Est_mm LfK_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdBrassicasterol_M_mgkg MLRL_Cp_cm Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham INRA Anne Laperche protSeedCont_M_pct Protein %;Content of proteins in seeds determined by NIRS;Pr Seed Moisture NIRS;Moisture content in a sample of seeds determined by NIRS;SEEDH2O_NIRS INRA seedMoist_mnirs_pct Anne Laperche Anne Laperche Plot Harvest Weight;Weight (kg) of raw materials harvested by plot;PLOTHARVEST plotHarvest_M_kg INRA Rachel Wells John Innes Centre PodLen_M_cm Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfNa_M_mgkg Sda-toc_M_mgkg University of York Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova LfFe_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SNi_M_mgkg INRA Anne Laperche NHI_Comp_pct Nitrogen Harvest Index;Proportion of N accumulated in seed to N accumulated in the total plant (including shoot and root);NHI Rothamsted SdB-Sitosterol_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin LRL_M_cm Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham SdCa_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Growth Stage G5;10% of the seeds have reached maturity stageG5_cnt_dayj seeds are brown and hard. Corresponds to growth stage G5 (CETIOM) or 81 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G5 INRA Anne Laperche University of Hertfordshire PhomaSK_E_0to7 Yongju Huang, John West LfAl_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock seedImpur_M_pct Seed Impurities;Percentage of impurities in a sample of seeds determined by weighing;SEEDIMPUR INRA Anne Laperche 0 no symptoms observable Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdTotalWax_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdCampesterol diunsat_Cp_pct Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfTi_M_mgkg seedMoistHarv_mhumi_pct Seed Moisture Harvest;Moisture content in a sample of seeds determined by humiditer;SEEDH2O_HARV INRA Anne Laperche Oil %;Content of oil in seeds determined by NIRS;O oilSeedCont_M_pct INRA Anne Laperche Nottingham SdMg_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdZn_M_mgkg Nottingham Nottingham SdSr_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdSe_M_mgkg plntStnd_M_plntm2 INRA Plant Density;Number of viable plants counted per surface unit;PLANTDENS Anne Laperche 8 Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdS_M_mgkg Nottingham cropAnnot_E_cmt INRA Crop problems;Crop problems during the cycle.;CROP Anne Laperche John Innes Centre Rachel Wells FtLen_M_cm SdCycloartenol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin INRA Anne Laperche Phoma damage G2 score phomaDmg_CompG2_0to9 INRA Anne Laperche Glucosinolates;Content of glucosinolates in seeds determined by NIRS;GLS glsSeedCont_M_μmolg BeakLen_M_cm Rachel Wells John Innes Centre Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas LRD_Cp_rootcm Nottingham SdWght_M_mg John Innes Centre Rachel Wells PhomaSKbase_E_0to7 Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire 2 5-10 spots per plant Yongju Huang, John West LLSleaf_E_pct University of Hertfordshire Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdP_M_mgkg Nottingham Nottingham LfCd_M_mgkg Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock INRA Anne Laperche Palmitic Acid;Content of palmitic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;PALMITIC palmiticSeedCont_M_pct flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G1 (CETIOM) or 71 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G1 INRA stageG1_cnt_dayj Anne Laperche Growth Stage G1;10% of the pods have reached their final size Seed Moisture Lab;Moisture content in a sample of cleaned seeds determined by weighing;SEEDH2O_LAB seedMoist_mlab_pct Anne Laperche INRA stageF1_cnt_dayj INRA Anne Laperche corresponds to growth stage F1 (CETIOM) or 60 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_F1 Growth Stage F1;First flowers are open Growth Stage G4;30% of the pods have reached their final size INRA stageG4_cnt_dayj flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G4 (CETIOM) or 73 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_G4 Anne Laperche linolenicSeedCont_M_pct Linolenic Acid;Content of linolenic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;LINOLENIC INRA Anne Laperche Hail Damage;HAILDMG INRA Anne Laperche hailDmg_E_0to9 LfCr_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock 0 NA high irregular 1 SdK_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt Brassica ontology Brassica napus ontology Anne Laperche Growth Stage Pod Development;Additional stages for pod development according to the BBCH scale (72-79);GRWSTG_PODDEV stagePodDev_cnt_dayj INRA University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PhomaLS_E_0to3 Prot Yield;Protein yield per ha;PrY INRA protYield_Comp_qha Anne Laperche Nottingham SdRb_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt low to intermediate damage 4 1 No lodging LfV_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfAs_M_mgkg PhomaLS_Cou_pct University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West 1 <5 spots per plant Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCu_M_mgkg LfZn_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock linoleicSeedCont_M_pct Linoleic Acid;Content of linoleic acid in seedsdetermined by NIRS;LINOLEIC INRA Anne Laperche weevilsDmg_E_0to9 INRA Anne Laperche Weevils (all species) damage score;charancon University of York Sdd-toc_M_mgkg Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova Anne Laperche Growth Stage End Flowering;End of flowering on the main inflorescence INRA stageEndFlo_cnt_dayj corresponds to growth stage 69 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_ENDFLO LLSstem_E_pct University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West 2-25% girdling 2 Sclerot_Cou_plntPlot University of Hertfordshire white blight Yongju Huang, John West Martin Broadley, Catherine Thomas Nottingham PRL_M_cm Rachel Wells John Innes Centre SdNum_Ct_sd high > 90% 1 Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdFA_M_mgkg SdStigmasterol_Cp_pct Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin 2 Culture leaning, without impact validateannot_E_cmt INRA Anne Laperche Annotations on measure validity;VALIDATION Rothamsted SdBrassicasterol_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin climaticAnnot_E_cmt Climatic Stress;Climatic incidents during the crop cycle;CLIMATIC INRA Anne Laperche 2 Diseased leaves with non or a few small lesions LfSr_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West PowMildew_E_0or1 University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West VertWilt_Cou_pct Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdPb_M_mgkg Nottingham plntHeight_M_cm INRA Plant Size;Height of plants in an experimental plot;PLANTSIZE Anne Laperche University of Hertfordshire Yongju Huang, John West LLSleaf_E_0to7 Growth Stage C1;Bolting date when the first inter-node appears corresponds to growth stage C1 (CETIOM) or 31 (BBCH scale);GRWSTG_C1 INRA Anne Laperche stageC1_cnt_dayj Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfP_M_mgkg Thomas Alcock, David Salt SdCr_M_mgkg Nottingham Yongju Huang, John West LLSpods_E_pct University of Hertfordshire Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfPb_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfSe_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdCampesterolDiunsat_M_mgkg INRA Anne Laperche stagePodMaturity_cnt_dayj Growth Stage Pod Maturity;Additional stages for pod maturity according to the BBCH scale (82-99);GRWSTG_PODMATURITY NA 0 3 60-90% 30-60% 5 PedLen_M_cm John Innes Centre Rachel Wells LfCu_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock SdCampesterol_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted SdB_M_mgkg Nottingham Thomas Alcock, David Salt LfCa_M_mgkg Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock Rachel Wells John Innes Centre StemWid_M_cm Rachel Wells PltHght_M_cm John Innes Centre Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdBranched_M_mgkg 6 Evidence of stunting 4 51-75% girdling very low damage 2 ≤ 5% girdling 1 University of York Swen Langer, Lenka Havlickova Sdy-toc_M_mgkg 2 Rothamsted SdCycloartenol_Cp_pct Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin 9 perfectly regular Plant Emergence;Percentage of seeds that emerge;EMERG INRA plntStdEmerg_M_plt Anne Laperche SdAld_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAlcI_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdAlk_M_mgkg INRA Anne Laperche Oleic Acid;Content of oleic acid in seeds determined by NIRS;OLEIC oleicSeedCont_M_pct 6 4 trace 1 SdStigmasterol_M_mgkg Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Rothamsted 0 NA Nottingham Martin Broadley,Thomas Alcock LfS_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin SdKeto_M_mgkg 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) 7 26-50% girdling 3 3 4 Diseased leaved with a few large lesions of many small leasions, area quite heavily infected entity 5 Average loding moderately regular 5 SdB-Sitosterol_M_mgkg Rothamsted Richard Broughton, Frederic Beaudoin Plants with scattered lesions 3 3 >10 spots per plant 5 75-100% girdling Sclerot_Cou_plnt6plnt Yongju Huang, John West University of Hertfordshire white blight 1 Trace of disease 9 < 10% 10-30% 7 acronym 0 No leaf spotting 8 high to severe damage 4 0 no visible affection attribute 9 severe damage high damage 7 3 low damage 5 Half green/half diseased, leaf curling and distortion SdCycloartenol Seed Seed Cycloartenol content Cycloartenol The concentration of Cycloartenol in seeds Cycloartenol content Density of lateral roots (LRD) occuring along the primary root were calculated by dividing lateral root number (LRN) by primary root length (PRL). Lateral root number (LRN) and primary root length (PRL) were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. First flowers (BBCH 60) date – Estimation The concentration of all compounds with branched alcyl chains from pod and stem material SdBranched branched Alcyl-chain content Pod and stem Pod and stem branched Alcyl-chain content CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Additionnal pod development stages (BBCH 72-79) date – Estimation Development stage BBCH growth stage 69;end flowering stage End of flowering time (BBCH 69) End of flowering on the main inflorescence, corresponds to growth stage 69 (BBCH scale) Plant Seed Manganese content The concentration of Manganese in seeds SdMn Seed Manganese content Stigmasterol The percentage of Stigmasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Sigmasterol content SdStigmasterol_Cp Seed Stigmasterol proportion of Phytosterols Leaf Leaf phoma resistance Phoma leaf spot severity Severity assessment of phoma leaf spot LfZn Leaf Leaf Zinc content The concentration of Zinc in leaves Zinc content day-of-year PRL Primary root Length of the primary root length Primary root lengh The concentration of Aluminium in leaves Leaf Aluminium content Leaf Aluminium content LfAl Length of lower stem from ground level to last formed fertile branch Foot length length foot root/cm plants/plot mg/kg Seed Phosphorus content Seed Phosphorus content dSP The concentration of Phosphorus in seeds Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker on the upper stem. For assessing the upper stem lesion severity, the stem were cut at the upper stem area, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Seed Strontium content Seed Strontium content The concentration of Strontium in seeds SdSr Leaf Caesium content Leaf LfCs The concentration of Caesium in leaves Caesium content SdCampesterolDiunsat_Cp Seed Campesterol diunsat proportion of Phytosterols Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content Campesterol diunsat The percentage of diunsaturated Campesterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Brassicasterol Seed Brassicasterol content SdBrassicasterol The concentration of Brassicasterol in seeds Brassicasterol content Seed Selenium content Seed SdSe The concentration of Selenium in seeds Selenium content HailDmg Plant Plant damage caused by hail. Hail damage Hail damage Seed SdZn The concentration of Zinc in seeds Seed Zinc content Zinc content seed 10 plants from each plot were assessed on severity of light leaf spot (LLS) on the leaf. Assessment is based on a 0-7 score: 0=No disease observable, 1=Trace of disease, 2=Diseased leaves with non or a few small lesions, 3= Plants with scattered lesions, 4=Diseased leaved with a few large lesions of many small leasions, area quite heavily infected, 5= Half green/half diseased, leaf curling and distortion, 6= Evidence of stunting, 7=Plants heavily stunted or dead. This is based on the leaves of the whole plant. For example, if a plant had only scattered lesions on different leaves, it will score 3; if the same plant was heavily stunted, it will score 7. LLS resistance - Estimation The concentration of Iron in leaves LfFe Leaf Iron content Iron content Leaf Seed The concentration of Iron in seeds Iron content SdFe Seed Iron content Measure length of lower stem from ground level to last formed fertile branch (cm) Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Stem length - Measurement Erucid seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids method_of Leaf mineral analysis - Measurement 3-5 leaves per plant were pooled and freeze-dried. These were then ground and digested in nitric acid in a microwave digester prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry Total root Total root length TRL length Length of all roots NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Linolenic seed content NIRS - Measurement Seed weight - Measurement Measure weight of seeds in ten typical pods taken from main raceme (or primary branch if main raceme damaged) using MARVIN seed analyser. CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. End of flowering (BBCH 69) date – Estimation The concentration of Lithium in seeds Lithium content Seed SdLi Seed Lithium content Leaf Nickel content Nickel content LfNi Leaf The concentration of Nickel in leaves Beginning of pod maturity time (BBCH 81) Plant 10% of the seeds have reached maturity, seeds are brown and hard Corresponds to growth stage G5 (CETIOM) or 81 (BBCH scale) BBCH growth stage 81;CETIUM growth stage G5 Development stage A measurement of the amount (in kg) of raw material that was harvested per plot as determined by on-board weighing on the harvester plotharvest - Measurement Seed The concentration of linoleic acid in seeds. StLinoleic Seed linoleic acid content Linoleic acid content Seed Glucosinolate content SdGLS Seed glucosinolate content The concentration of glucosinolates in seeds. Comment The concentration of Magnesium in seeds Magnesium content Seed Magnesium content Seed SdMg 10 plants from each plot were sampled. Each plant was assessed for presence/absence of phoma leaf spots. The number of plants with phoma leaf spots out of the 10 plants was recorded Phoma leaf spot incidence (diseased) - Estimation Titanium content LfTi Leaf Leaf Titanium content The concentration of Titanium in leaves Seed Nickel content Nickel content Seed SdNi The concentration of Nickel in seeds 10% of the flowers are open on the main inflorescence, elongation of the main inflorescence Corresponds to growth stage F2 (CETIOM) or 61 (BBCH scale) Beginning of flowering time (BBCH 61) Development stage BBCH growth stage 61;CETIUM growth stage F2 Plant 0-7 percentage scale Leaf Cadmium content LfCd Leaf The concentration of Cadmium in leaves Cadmium content Plant No of plants with Sclerotinia (out of six) Numper of plants that are infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a disease also known as 'white blight' , as it produces cottony white mold, on mainly the aboveground parts, which turn into small black 'sclerotia' for overwintering. Sclerotinia incidence Phoma damage Phoma damage Withering disease caused by the agent Leptosphaeria maculans (Phoma). PhomaDmg Withering disease Plant Beak length beak Pod beak length length Development stage Plant Bolting date when the first inter-node appears, corresponds to growth stage C1 (CETIOM) or 31 (BBCH scale) First inter-node time (BBCH 31) BBCH growth stage 31;CETIUM growth stage C1 Plant height - Measurement Measure length of plant from ground level to tip of terminal raceme (cm). Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. plants/10 plants Seed alpha- tocopherol content seed alpha-tocopherol content Sda-toc Alpha- tocopherol content in seeds The concentration of Copper in leaves Leaf Copper content Leaf LfCu Copper content The concentration of Arsenic in seeds Arsenic content Seed Seed Arsenic content SdAs Plot Assessment on measure validity. Valid Plot measure validity Measure validity The concentration of components with primary alcohol functional groups from pod and stem material SdAlcI Pod and stem Pod and stemprimary Alkohol functional group content primary Alkohol functional group content Light leaf spot severity Light leaf spot severity on stems, judged by the percentage of area covered by LLS. Stem LLS severity on stem (percentage of stem area covered by LLS) Plot size Surface of the elementary experimental plot Size Plot PlotSize Seed SdStigmasterol Seed Sigmasterol content Stigmasterol content The concentration of Stigmasterol in seeds Stigmasterol NIRS assay Quantity per Seed Dry Weight GLS seed content NIRS - Measurement Incidence with leaf miner The percentage of plants that showed presence of leaf miner from a subsample of a plot Leaf Leaf miner incidence 0-9 Damage/Incidence scale Phoma stem cancer severity Upper stem Phoma stem canker upper stem lesion score Severity assessment of phoma stem canker upper stem lesion score. It is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa Measurement of mean length of pedicel (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Pedicel length - Measurement SdMoist Seed moisture content. Seed moisture content Moisture content Seed Seed mineral analysis - Measurement 3 seeds per tube and occasionally four for verry small seeds from multiple replicate plants per accession were left to soak in nitric acid over night and then digested in block heaters prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This data was then weight normalised so that data from each element was in the units mg/kg Pod Number - Counting Count number of pods in a 20 cm length of the terminal raceme (primary if terminal damaged). Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. Plot Size – Computation Surface is determined by the experimental design Oil yield calulated as a product of seed yield (SY) and oil content in seeds (O) Oil yield - Computation * Roughly 80 mg of seed material is weighed into Precellys grinding tubes (ceramic beads, 2 ml capacity). The large seed amount is to reduce inter-seed variation. * Seeds are ground at 5500 rpm for 25 seconds three times, with a wait time of 30 seconds between each grinding step. * 1 ml of hexane containing the internal standards cholesteryl-heptadecanocate and cholestanol at a concentration of 0.00002M (20 µM) are added to samples. * Samples are vortexed, and then incubated at 30°C in a rotary incubator at 200 rpm for 1 hour. * Samples were then centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 1 minute to sediment seed material. The hexane supernatant was removed using Pasteur pipettes and transferred to 3 ml, glass trident vials. * A further two hexane extractions were performed (with no internal standards added), with 1 ml of pure hexane added to each sample, incubation at 30°C for 1 hour at 200 rpm, with a prior sample vortex step, centrifugation at 14000 rpm and finally, separation and pooling of the hexane fractions. * The 3 ml of seed lipid extract was dried down using a Genevac EZ-2 at ? 40°C for 40 minutes. * 1.5 ml of 1.5 M potassium hydroxide in 95% ethanol was added to the lipid sample (roughly 10 mg), and incubated at 80°C for 1 hour (from 80 mg total seed, 1ml total suspension, 250 ul used). * The samples are cooled, and 1 ml of a 1% (w/v) NaCl solution is added, followed by 1 ml of hexane. * Samples are vortexed, centrifuged and the upper hexane phase is removed. * A further hexane extraction is carried out with 1 ml of hexane, which is pooled with the first. * Samples are dried in a rotary evaporator or under a stream of nitrogen. * Free sterols are then silated using 100 µl of BSTFA + TMCS (99:1) for 1 hour at 85°C. (100 ul heptane added, 1 ul injection into GC-FID). *GC program: * Initial temp: 200°C, to 300°C at 16°C/min, then to 325°C at 4°C min and held for 4.5 minutes. * Inlet temp: 325°C, split-less injection. * Column: HP-1MS UI, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, flow = 1 ml/ min. * FID temp: 325°C GC FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) - Measurement Leaf LfU Uranium content Leaf Uranium content The concentration of Uranium in leaves Observe damage caused by Weevils (all species), and rate the damage. Weevil damage - Estimation The percentual proportions of individual Sterols derived from MO_008 were calculated from the concentrations with regard to the total amount of sterols Relative seed Phytosterol content - Computation Weight (kg) of raw materials harvested by plot Yield Biomass yield Biomass SdMo Seed Molybdenum content The concentration of Molybdenum in seeds Seed Molybdenum content Seed Seed erucic acid content SdErucic The concentration of erucic acid in seeds. Erucid acid content Proportion of open pods (assessment) Shattering Pod shattering PodShat Pod Seed SdCu Copper content The concentration of Copper in seeds Seed Copper content 0-7 disease stage scale Pod and stem The concentration of components with secondary alcohol functional groups from pod and stem material SdAlcII secondary Alkohol functional group content Pod and stem secondary Alkohol functional group content GC FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector) - Measurement * 3 pods and 3 sections of stem (10 cm) were collected from each plant, and inserted into Pyrex glass tubes (122 mm (L) x 19 mm (D), roughly 20 ml vol.). * Wax was extracted using chloroform. Chloroform was spiked with a C22:0 alkane and C17:0 fatty acid as internal standards. Internal standard concentrations were 10 µM in chloroform (giving 100 pmol/µl for GC injection). Wax was extracted for 30 seconds using 10 ml of the chloroform/IS mixture. Sample tubes were inverted continuously during the extraction phase. PTFE cap liners were used to ensure minimal extraction of plasticisers. * Pod and stem material are removed from the tubes, and samples dried under vacuum in a centrifugal evaporator (Genevac, EZ-2) at ? 42°C using program low BP. Samples can also be dried under a stream of nitrogen at ? 30°C. * Wax components were derivatized with 200 µl of BSTFA + TMCS (99:1) for 1 hour at 85°C. * After cooling, 800 µl of heptane was added (total vol. 1 ml), and 1 µl was injected onto the GC-FID/MS. * GC program: * Initial temp: 50°C, to 200°C at 50°C/min, to 280°C at 2°C min, to 325°C at 10°C/min, hold for 6.5 minutes. * Inlet temp: 280°C, split-less injection. * Column: HP-1MS UI, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, flow = 1 ml/ min. * FID temp: 325°C pod/20cm of terminal raceme The percentage of Avenasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Avenasterol Seed SdAvenasterol_Cp Seed Avenasterol content Avenasterol proportion of Phytosterols Phoma incidence (diseased) - Counting 10 plants from each plot were assessed and the number of plants with Phoma leaf spot was recorded. The whole plant was assessed. The incidence of Phoma leaf spot was calculated as % of plants out of ten sampled plants that were found to have Phoma leaf spot. diameter Seed diameter Seed SD The diameter of a seed CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Beginning of pod maturity (BBCH 81) date – Estimation gamma-tocopherol content Gamma- tocopherol conten in seeds seed Seed gamma- tocopherol content Sdy-toc mg Plant Verticilium wilt presence Verticilium wilt presence Absence or presence of Verticilium wilt on the plant Biotic attack during the crop cycle. Plant Exposure to biotic attack; damage du to biotic attack BioticPb Biotic attack annotation Selenium content Leaf The concentration of Selenium in leaves Leaf Selenium content LfSe LfNa Leaf Sodium content Sodium content Leaf The concentration of Sodium in leaves Nitrate Harvest index - Computation Samples from HI assay are analysed for N_%DW in the different fractions fertile branch cm Pod and stem Ketone functional group content SdKeto Ketone functional group content The concentration of components with ketone functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem Leaf The concentration of Rubidium in leaves Rubidium content Leaf Rubidium content LfRb Stem witdh - Measurement Measurement of stem width approx 2 cm from base from randomly selected plants,using SigmaScan from digital image. Visual observations Biotic stress annotations - Estimation LfMo Leaf Molybdenum content Molybdenum content The concentration of Molybdenum in leaves Leaf Sclerotinia incidence (diseased) - Counting Six plants were sampled and each plant was assessed for the presence/absence of Sclerotinia stem rot, number of plants with Sclerotinia was recorded (for the second replicate). Humidimeter (sample of seeds) Seed moisture content humidifier - Measurement Seeds were sieved using mesh with a diameter (Ø) of 1.4, 1.7, 2.0 and 2.36 mm. Seeds retained were recorded in the corresponding diameter category and treated as if this was their true diameter. Seed sieving - Estimation Powdery mildew presence - Estimation Six plants were sampled from each plot, each plant was assessed for appearance of powdery mildew, if powdery mildew was present, it is recorded as 1 Sulphur content LfS Leaf The concentration of Sulphur in leaves Leaf Sulphur content Seed B-Sitosterol proportion of Phytosterols SdB-Sitosterol_Cp B-Sitosterol Seed B-Sitosterol content The percentage of B-Sitosterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds StLinolenic Seed Seed linolenic acid content The concentration of linolenic acid in seeds. Linolenic acid content Development stage 10% of the pods have reached their final size, flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G1 (CETIOM) or 71 (BBCH scale) Plant Beginning of pod development time (BBCH 71) BBCH growth stage 71;CETIUM growth stage G1 plant/m2 Campesterol proportion of Phytosterols SdCampesterol_Cp Seed The percentage of Campesterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Campesterol content Campesterol Verticilium wilt presence Verticillium wilt incidence The percentage of plants that showed presence of leaf miner from a subsample of a plot Plant 0-3 disease stage scale Seed delta- tocopherol content seed delta-tocopherol content Sdd-toc Delta- tocopherol content in seeds Measurement of mean pod width (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Pod width - Measurement Campesterol diunsat The concentration of diunsaturated Campesterol in seeds diunsaturated Campesterol content SdCampesterolDiunsat Seed Seed diunsaturated Campesterol content Seed N content to total plant N content ratio Ratio of N accumulated in seed to N accumulated in the total plant (including shoot and root) NHI Nitrogen Harvest Index N content proportion of plant N content Seed Seed moisture content – Computation Differential weighing. A sample of around 5 grammes of cleaned dry mature seeds is weighted before and after drying at 103°C for 15 hours in order to determine the fresh weight (FWg) and the dry weight (DWg) respectively Leaf Arsenic content LfAs Leaf Arsenic content The concentration of Arsenic in leaves boolean Calcium content Leaf Leaf Calcium content LfCa The concentration of Calcium in leaves Pod beak length - Measurement Measurement of pod beak length (cm) is taken as the average from ten typical pods measured using SigmaScan from digital image of ten pods per plant. Leaf miner incidence (diseased) - Counting 10 plants from each plot were sampled and the leaf miner incidence was assessed. Plants were assessed for the presence or absence of leaf miner. The incidence of leaf miner was calculated as % of plants out of the ten sampled plants that were found to have leaf miner. SdProt Seed protein content Seed Protein content The concentration of proteins in seeds. CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Addictional flowering stages (BBCH 62-65) date – Estimation ClimPb Exposure to climatic stress Climatic incidents during the crop cycle. Plant Climatic incidents annotation Absence or presence of powdery mildew Presence (1) or absence (0) of powdery mildew Plant Powdery mildew presence pod Pod length Pod length of pods from terminal raceme length Sulphur content SdS Seed Seed Sulphur content The concentration of Sulphur in seeds Early pod development (BBCH 73) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Plant emergence Plant stand at emergence Percentage of seeds that emerge. Seed PltSdEm Silver content The concentration of Silver in leaves Leaf Leaf Silver content LfAg CropPb Exposure to crop problems;damage from crop problem Plant Crop problems annotation Crop problems during the crop cycle. NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Linoleic seed content NIRS - Measurement pod Pod number Number of pods on terminal raceme number Seed Seed protein yield Protein yield PrY Protein yield per ha SdMoist Moisture content Seed moisture content. Seed Seed moisture content Leaf Phosphorus content The concentration of Phosphorus in leaves Phosphorus content LfP Leaf fertile branch Number of fertile branches number Number of fertile branches Visual notations (scale 0 - 9) Pod shattering - Estimation Plant height PH height Maximum plant height from ground to tip of terminal raceme plant Verticilium wilt presence - Estimation Scoring of presence or absence of verticilium wilt symptoms across whole plant. The concentration of proteins in the meal. MlProt Protein content Meal Meal protein content Palmitic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids Number of lateral roots number Lateral root Lateral root number LRN Phoma stem cancer severity Severity assessment of phoma stem canker base stem on a 0-7 scale. Stem canker is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa Phoma stem canker base stem score Stem base Leaf LfBa Balium content Leaf Balium content The concentration of Balium in leaves Image analysis - Counting RootReader2D (RR2D, Clark et al., 2013) was used to analyse images. First, a ‘batch process’ was carried out which automatically ‘thresholds’, ‘skeletonises’ and ‘builds segments’ of all images in bulk. Then, the the root system of individual images was measured by placing a marker at the ase and tip of the primary root. From these markers, RR2D automatically calculates primary root length (PRL), lateral root length(LRL) of all laterals and lateral root number (LRN). The concentration of Boron in leaves Leaf Boron content Boron content LfB Leaf SdB-Sitosterol B-Sitosterol content The concentration of B-Sitosterol in seeds Seed B-Sitosterol content B-Sitosterol Seed SdB Boron content Seed Boron content Seed The concentration of Boron in seeds NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight Protein seed content NIRS - Measurement % Fertile Branches - Counting Count number of fertile branches. Plants are randomly selected from the centre of a well established plots avoiding obvious volunteers. All plant are harvested in the field and returned to the lab for processing. The concentration of Chromium in leaves Chromium content Leaf Leaf Chromium content LfCr Chromium content The concentration of Chromium in seeds Seed Chromium content Seed SdCr Stearic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids SdCo Seed Cobalt content The concentration of Cobalt in seeds Cobalt content Seed The concentration of oil in seeds. Seed oil content Oil content SdOil Seed Plant Development stage Early pod development time (BBCH 73) BBCH growth stage 73;CETIUM growth stage G4 30% of the pods have reached their final size, flowering of secondary inflorescences. Corresponds to growth stage G4 (CETIOM) or 73 (BBCH scale) Leaf Leaf Vanadium content The concentration of Vanadium in leaves LfV Vanadium content Pod length - Measurement Measurement of mean pod length (cm), using SigmaScan from digital image of 10 typical pods from terminal raceme or primary raceme if terminal was damaged Plant Pod development time (BBCH 72-79) Additional stages for pod development according to the BBCH scale (72-79) Development stage pod development stage;time to BBCH growth stages 72-79 Seed protein content is calulated as a product of seed yield (SY) and protein content (expressed as a fraction) in seeds (Pr) Seed protein Yield - Computation Leaf phoma resistance - Estimation 10 spots per plant]]> HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) analysis - Measurement A homogenous mixture of 80 mg of rapeseed seeds from each plant were ground in a bead mill (Tissue Lyser, Qiagen, Manchester, UK) twice for 2min at 30Hz with 750 µl heptane (Rathburn, Walkerburn, UK) and 150 µl of 0.12mg mL-1 (25.4µM) internal standard, alpha-tocopherol acetate (Sigma-Aldrich, Gillingham, UK) dissolved in ethanol (Rathburn). Samples were incubated at 4°C for 2h, centrifuged and 20 µl of clear supernatant directly subjected to HPLC analysis. Tocopherols were identified by comparison of retention times with standards. TTC was counted as the sum of a-,y- and d-tocopherol contents The percentage of plants that showed presence of phoma leaf spot from a subsample of a plot Phoma incidence Incidence of Phoma leaf spot Leaf Pod Light leaf spot severity on pods, judged by the percentage area of the pods covered by LLS. Light leaf spot severity LLS severity on pods (percentage of pod area covered by LLS) Plant density Crop stand PltSd Number of viable plants counted per surface unit Plant stand Stand Plant Avenasterol Avenasterol content Seed SdAvenasterol Seed Avenasterol content The concentration of Avenasterol in seeds Leaf Strontium content Strontium content The concentration of Strontium in leaves LfSr Leaf density Lateral root density Lateral root The mean density of lateral roots along the primary root LRD 2020-10-19T00:00:02 0-9 Regularity scale The percentage of plants that showed presence of light leaf spot incidence on leaves LLS incidence on leaf Light leaf spot incidence Leaf Rubidium content The concentration of Rubidium in seeds SdRb Seed Seed Rubidium content Beginning of flowering (BBCH 61) date - Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Lateral root Lateral root length length Length of the lateral root LRL scale_of Weevil damage caused by the agent Ceutorhynchus napi (Rape Stem Weevil), Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (cabbage stem weevil) or Ceutorhynchus assimilis/obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil). Plant WeevilsDmg Weevils damage Weevils damage The concentration of stearic acid in seeds. Stearic acid content SdStearic Seed Seed stearic acid content Plant Presence or absence of fungal infection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a disease also known as 'white blight' , as it produces cottony white mold, on mainly the aboveground parts, which turn into small black 'sclerotia' for overwintering. No of plants with Sclerotinia (per plot) Sclerotinia incidence width stem Stem width measured at the midpoint of a 5cm sample collected from the base of a hand harvested plant Stem width root The mean length of a lateral root of that root system average length Lateral root MLRL Mean lateral root length Sodium content The concentration of Sodium in seeds Seed SdNa Seed Sodium content Oleic acid content StOleic Seed Seed oleic acid content The concentration of oleic acid in seeds. SdCycloartenol_Cp Cycloartenol Cycloartenol proportion of Phytosterols The percentage of Cycloartenol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed Seed Cycloartenol content The concentration of wax in the pod and seed material Pod and stem wax content SdTotalWax wax content Pod and stem Pedicel length of pods from terminal raceme Pedicel length length pedicel mm Plant height - Measurement Height is measured from ground to the top of the plants using a dipstick graduated in cm LfK Potassium content Leaf The concentration of Potassium in leaves Leaf Potassium content First inter-node (BBCH 31) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Additionnal pod maturity stages (BBCH 82-99) date – Estimation CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Seed weight weight Seed weight of ten typical pods seed Oil yield OY Oil yield Oil yield Plant Sclerotinia incidence (diseased) - Counting The whole plot was assessed and the number of plants which showed Sclreotinia stem rot presence on stem or side branch was recorded. HailDmg - Estimation Score the damage caused by hail. Seed Campesterol content SdCampesterol The concentration of Campesterol in seeds Seed Campesterol Campesterol content Plant Scoring of the regularity of the plant stand Regularity of plant stand Stand The percentage of Brassicasterol in the total of Phytosterols in seeds Seed SdBrassicasterol Brassicasterol proportion of Phytosterols Brassicasterol Seed Brassicasterol content Count number of seeds in ten typical pods taken from main raceme (or primary branch if main raceme damaged) using MARVIN seed analyser. Seed Number - Counting The sum of primary root length (PRL) and lateral root length (LRL) was used to obtain total root length (TRL). Root lengths were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation Visual observations Climatic incidents annotions - Estimation Seed number number Number of seeds in ten typical pods seed Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker. For assessing the stem canker severity, the stem were cut the stem base, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation Development stage Plant BBCH growth stage 60;CETIUM growth stage F1 First flowers are open, corresponds to growth stage F1 (CETIOM) or 60 (BBCH scale) First flowers time (BBCH 60) Flowering time (BBCH 62-65) Additional flowering stages according to the BBCH scale (62-65) Development stage Plant flowering stage;time to BBCH growth stage 62-65;Anthesis Visual notation (scale 0 - 9) is attributed to the plants for each plot, taking into account the surface and the intensity of lodging Plant lodging incidence - Estimation SdImpur Seed Percentage of impurities in a sample of seeds determined by weighing. Impurities content Seed impurity content Count the number of plants on linear sections defined in each sowing line at the exception of the border lines Plant stand - Counting pod maturity stage;time to BBCH growth stage 82-99 Additional stages for pod maturity according to the BBCH scale (82-99) Pod maturity time (BBCH 82-99) Plant Development stage Pod and stem Fatty acids functional group content SdFA The concentration of components with fatty acids as functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem Fatty acids functional group content Seed Cadmium content SdCd Cadmium content The concentration of Cadmium in seeds Seed Seed impurity content – Computation Differential weighing. A sample of around 200 grammes ofdrymature seeds is weighted before and after cleaning using a column in order to determine the gross weight (GWg) and the net weight (NWg) respectively Leaf LfPb Lead content Leaf Lead content The concentration of Lead in leaves kg Leaf Leaf Magnesium content LfMg The concentration of Magnesium in leaves Magnesium content Crop problems annotations - Estimation Visual observations CETIOM (2005), Guide Expérimentateur Colza, Fiche A1: 'Bien repérer les stades du colza'. Echelle BBCH. Beginning of pod development (BBCH 71) date – Estimation 0-9 Lodging Incidence scale The concentration of Lead in seeds Seed Lead content Seed SdPb Lead content SdAld Pod and stem Aldehyde functional group content The concentration of components with aldehyde functional groups from pod and stem material Aldehyde functional group content Pod and stem Severity assessment of phoma stem canker base stem on a 0-7 scale. Stem canker is a fungal infection of ascomycete species Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa Phoma stem cancer severity Stem Phoma stem canker severity Plant stand at emergence – Computation EMERG = (Number of plants obtained / Number of seeds sown) x 100 Lodg The plant lodging incidence. Plant lodging incidence Lodging incidence Plant 0-5 percentage bracket scale NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight Oil seed content NIRS - Measurement The total concentration of phytosterols in seeds Phytosterol content Seed total Phytosterol content Seed SdPhytosterol The number of plants that showed presence of phoma leaf spots from a subsample of a plot Phoma leaf spots Number of plants with phoma leaf spots Plant Seed Calcium content Seed Calcium content The concentration of Calcium in seeds SdCa Pod width of pods from terminal raceme width pod Pod width Oleic seed content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct total fatty acids LLS severity on leaf Light leaf spot resistance Light Leaf spot severity on leafs Leaf Phoma stem cancer severity - Estimation Six plants per plot were assessed for severity of phoma stem canker on the base of the stem. For assessing the base stem canker severity, the stem were cut at the stem base, the cross-section was scored on a 0-7 scale ( 0= no symptoms observable, 1 = ≤ 5% girdling,2= 2-25% girdling, 3=26-50% girdling, 4=51-75% girdling, 5= 75-100% girdling, 6=100% girdling ( stem weak/firm), 7 = 100% girdling (stem dead/lodged)) Leaf Manganese content Leaf LfMn The concentration of Manganese in leaves Manganese content 10 plants were sampled from each plot. Each plant was assessed for light leaf spot (LLS) on the whole stem (from botton to the top) and the % diseased area estimated. LLS severity - Estimation Seed Seed palmitic acid content SdPalmitic Palmitic acid content The concentration of palmitic acid in seeds. SdK Seed Seed Potassium content Potassium content The concentration of Potassium in seeds Six plants were sampled from each plot. Each whole plant was assessed for presence or absence of verticilium wilt. The % of plants with Verticillium symptoms out of the 6 sampled plants was recorded. Verticilium wilt presence - Counting μmol/g Alkane-functional group content SdAlk Pod and stem Alkane-functional group content The concentration of components with alkane functional groups from pod and stem material Pod and stem The average of length of lateral roots was derived from dividing lateral root length (LRL) by lateral root number (LRN). Lateral root lengths and numbers were previously derived from image analysis based - measurements from RR2D. (MO_001) Image analysis - Computation regularity stand - Estimation Visual notations (scale 0 - 9) Evaluation of the Phoma lingam infection with the G2 score. The evaluation occur in the stage G4 of the crop on the collar and on the elongation. Dig out the plant, Realize a cross section at the collar with a pruning, Classify the collars with the rating scale : 1= healthy plant ; 2=0-25% of necrotized surface, 3=25-50% of necrotized surface, 4=50-75% of necrotized surface, 5=75-100% of necrotized surface, 6=plant broke during the evaluation. Phoma damage – G2 score – Computation variable_of Plot measure validity – Estimation Annotations on plot measure validity. Possible values for a VALID measure : “valid” or empty and for INVALID measures (separated by comma) : “prob_BIOTIC” (problem from biotic attacks), “prob_LODGING” (problem with lodging), “prob_CLIMATIC” (problem with climatic incidents), “not valid” plants/6 plants LLS incidence (diseased) - Estimation 10 plants from each plot were assessed on % incidence with light leaf spot (LLS). The incidence of LLS on leaves was recorded based on presence/absence of LLS. For example, 4 out 10 plants with phoma, the incidence of phoma will be 40%. NIRS assay Seed moisture NIRS - Measurement Protein meal content NIRS - Measurement NIRS assay. Pct of Seed Dry Weight q/ha 10 plants were sampled from each plot, each plant was assessed for light leaf spot on all pods and the % diseased area estimated. LLS severity - Estimation