erect 4 POTP_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT very high biomass 9 High H RhizocSev_E_0to2 Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT WaterExt_M_gCylWk Margaret Worthington CIAT WlgTol_E_1to4 BmIVDMD_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT FN_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT Margaret Worthington GLA_M_cm2Plnt CIAT Margaret Worthington AvariNDmg_E_0to5 PH_M_cm Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington ChoroticLBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT 5 highly tolerant Margaret Worthington CIAT ZcarbNDmg_E_0to5 BmADF_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT Margaret Worthington RBm_M_gPlnt ReprodM_E_1to3 CIAT Margaret Worthington IVDMDNDF_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington PDia_M_cm acronym Margaret Worthington ZcarbAN_Ct_AdultPlnt CIAT FA facultative apomictic Margaret Worthington CIAT IVDMDNDF_M_pct few flowers 2 Margaret Worthington CIAT RV_E_1to4 FillSdP_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT GLBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington PBm_Img_idx CIAT S Sensitive BmCP_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT PBm_E_1to10 Margaret Worthington CIAT 2 poor BmHvst_date_ymd CIAT Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT RL_M_cmPlnt PsimuAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT SX sexual 0 no symptoms observed CIAT Margaret Worthington AvariAnti_E_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington RLD_M_cmcm3 PsimuAnti_E_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington average biomass 6 4 leafy ShootBm_FW_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington 1-20% damaged foliage 1 Margaret Worthington CIAT AlTol_E_1to5 CIAT GH_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington RhizocSev_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT ShootBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington SpittleEN_Ct_EggPlnt BmCP_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington LChl_M_CCI CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT FN_Ct_fm2 AvariEN_Ct_EggPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT 5 moderately low biomass 2 severe symptoms 5 very leafy 2 poor (P) intermediate 3 4 many flowers Margaret Worthington CIAT StmBm_DW_gPlnt good 6 PsimuEN_Ct_EggPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT 4 selected as promising CIAT AreduEN_Ct_EggPlnt Margaret Worthington 3 very low biomass very good 8 very many flowers 5 Margaret Worthington GLBp_C_pct CIAT 4 fair PsimuADmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington BmIVDMD_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT AreduAN_Ct_AdultPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington AreduAnti_E_pct 3 intermediate 5 very good (VG) attribute Margaret Worthington CIAT AreduADmg_E_0to5 2 susceptible ZcarbADmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT Brachiaria ontology Margaret Worthington CIAT PQY_M_num HR Highly Resistant 1 mild to moderate symptoms apomictic AP fair to good 5 very poor (VP) 1 10 excellent 61-80% damaged foliage 4 Margaret Worthington CIAT ZcarbEN_Ct_EggPlnt L Low CIAT Margaret Worthington SpittleAN_Ct_AdultPlnt fair (F) 3 moderately high biomass 7 selected as very promising 5 N narrow Margaret Worthington CIAT PLP_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT BmNDF_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington DrghtTol_E_1to5 moderate flowers 3 CIAT Margaret Worthington SdHvst_date_ymd Margaret Worthington CIAT SdGY_M_gplant CIAT Margaret Worthington BmADF_NIR_pct LLng_M_cm Margaret Worthington CIAT 9 very good to excellent good (G) 4 entity LWid_E_1to3 Margaret Worthington CIAT no detectable damage 0 M medium 2 culled ZcarbAnti_E_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT 1 very prostrate Margaret Worthington CIAT SdNY_M_gplant Very tolerant VT Very sensitive VS 4 low biomass RA_E_1to10 CIAT Margaret Worthington 8 high biomass RMDia_M_mm CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington PChlorosis_E_0to2 CIAT Margaret Worthington WlgTol_C_idx PA_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT Resistant R CIAT Margaret Worthington LWid_M_cm Margaret Worthington CIAT AreduNDmg_E_0to5 AvariADmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington 4 tolerant LBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT 2 extremely low biomass 3 kept for future evaluation Margaret Worthington CIAT LWidLngR_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT PsimuNDmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington BmNDF_M_pct MR Moderately resistant AlTol_C_idx Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT PBm_FW_gPlnt PGC_Img_cmPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT AvariAN_Ct_AdultPlnt wide W 1 no biomass Moderately resistant M 5 81-100% damaged foliage no flowers 1 extremely high biomass 10 2 21-40% damaged foliage highly susceptible 1 Margaret Worthington CIAT PLP_E_1to5 3 41-60% damaged foliage 3 medium growth habit 7 good to very good 1 dead VH Very high 3 poor to fair CIAT Margaret Worthington PPP_E_1to5 T Tolerant stemmy 2 Margaret Worthington PBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT Moderate M 1 very poor 5 very erect prostrate 2 very stemmy 1 S Sensitive Biomass Leaf biomass Leaf The amount (weight) of leaves per unit area or plant. LBm Aboveground biomass Crude protein content of aboveground biomass. Crude Protein content Crude protein content BmCP Root Root length density. RLD Length density Root length density Flower number Flower Number of flowers. Number FN Drought tolerance - Estimation Observe plant drought tolerance and rate it. Plant Aeneolamia varia nymph damage AvariADmg Aeneolamia varia nymph damage Plant damage caused by nymphs of Aeneolamia varia (Spittlebug). cm Green leaf area is quantified using area meter (Licor-3100). Area Meter - Measurement Biomass Shoot biomass ShootBm Shoot The amount (weight) of shoot per unit area or plant. Vigor Root Vigor Root vigor. Root RV Prosapia simulans adult number Prosapia simulans adult number Plant PsimuAN Number of Prosapia simulans adults. Root biomass Biomass RBm Root The amount (weight) of root per unit area, volume or plant. Use formula to calculate leaf weight to plant weight ratio. Plant leafiness - Computing Date (yymmdd) g/plant Seed net yield SdNY Net yield Seed The amount (weight) of filled seed that was harvested per unit area or plant. Root aspect Aspect of root system. Root RA Aspect Width to length ratio Leaf width to length ratio Ratio of leaf width to length. Leaf LWidLngR Stem biomass DW - Measurement Separate stem from leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Observe the aspect of plants per plot/entry and rate it. Plant aspect - Estimation Use formula to compute waterlogging tolerance index based on visual observation recorded before treatment and at harvest time. Waterlogging tolerance - Computing Leaf width to length ratio - Computing Compute leaf width to length ratio. POTP Proportion of off-types Plant Proportion of off-type Proportion of off-types plants in a population. Neutral detergent fiber content In vitro dry matter digestibility In vitro dry matter digestibility of neutral detergent fiber fraction In vitro dry matter digestibility of aboveground biomass neutral detergent fiber fraction. IVDMDNDF 0-2 Symptoms general scale Observe plants leafiness and rate it. Plant leafiness - Estimation Cut plants and weigh to register fresh weight. PBm Dry weight - Measurement Prosapia simulans antibiosis Prosapia simulans antibiosis Plant Plants antibiosis tolerance to Prosapia simulans. PsimuAnti Root mean diameter Mean diameter Root mean diameter. Root RMDia Number of Aeneolamia reducta eggs. AreduEN Aeneolamia reducta egg number Plant Aeneolamia reducta egg number Root mean diameter measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Root mean diameter - Measurement Water extraction rate Amount of water extracted in a period of time. Plant WaterExt Water extraction rate Plant Height - Measurement Measure plant height and record it. Proportion of filled seed over total seed. FillSdP Proportion Filled seed Filled seed proportion Plant Diameter - Measurement Plant diameter is measured at the widest and most narrow point of the plant crown, and the average is recorded. Biomass Chlorotic leaf The amount (weight) of chlorotic (yellow) leaves per unit area or plant. YLBm Chlorotic leaf biomass Plant chlorosis Plant Chlorosis PChlorosis An assessment of chlorosis symptoms. Count the number of Spittlebug eggs per plant. Spittlebug egg number - Counting % Record dry weight after drying samples in a dryer at 60 C for 3-5 days. PBm Fresh weight - Measurement Separate green leaves from stem and yellow leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Green leaf biomass DW - Measurement CCI Observe plant chlorosis and rate it. Plant chlorosis - Estimation Number of flowers. Number Flower FN Flower number Chemical Analysis - Measurement Follow standard chemical analysis for quality determination on different fraction of the biomass. Record date of biomass harvest. Biomass harvest date - Estimation Spittlebug adult damage - Estimation Observe plant damage caused by Splittlebug adults and record it. Plant Spittlebug adult number Spittlebug adult number Number of Spittlebug adults. SpittleAN 1-5 Growth habit scale Plant Prosapia simulans egg number PsimuEN Prosapia simulans egg number Number of Prosapia simulans eggs. Plant diameter The plant diameter. PDia Plant Diameter Calculate antibiosis tolerance to Spittlebug as survival rate of nymphs or eggs that mature to final instar or adult stage. Spittlebug antibiosis - Computing 1-5 General evaluation scale cm2/plant Uniformity of progeny, indicating that reproduction is sexual, apomictic, or facultative apomictic. Plant Reproductive mode ReprodM Plant reproductive mode QY units Green leaf biomass GLBm Biomass The amount (weight) of green leaves per unit area or plant. Green leaf NIR spectroscopy - Measurement Follow standard near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method for quality determination on different fraction of the biomass. Number of Aeneolamia reducta adults. Aeneolamia reducta adult number AreduAN Plant Aeneolamia reducta adult number 0-5 Visual damage/severity score 1-5 Phenotypic evaluation scale Area Green leaf GLA Green leaf area Green leaf area. Plant proportion off types - Estimation Visual estimation of off-types plants in a population. Zulia carbonaria nymph damage Plant Zulia carbonaria nymph damage Plant damage caused by nymphs of Zulia carbonaria (Spittlebug). ZcarbADmg Measure leaf width and record it. Leaf width - Measurement Biomass Plant Plant biomass PBm Amount of aboveground plant biomass (leaves and stems). The amount (weight) of total seed that was harvested per unit area or plant. SdGY Seed gross yield Gross yield Seed BmNDF Neutral detergent fiber content Neutral Detergent Fiber Neutral detergent fiber content of aboveground biomass. Aboveground biomass Spittlebug egg/plant Aboveground biomass In vitro dry matter digestibility In vitro dry matter digestibility In vitro dry matter digestibility of aboveground biomass. BmIVDMD 1-5 Aluminium tolerance scale Aluminium Tolerance Index - Computing Use formula to calculate Aluminium tolerance index. Entries with indices above 1 are more resistant than the average genotype in the experiment and entries with indices less than 1 have below average tolerance. Observe the aspect of root aspect and rate it. Root aspect - Estimation Biomass drone method - Estimation Non destructive determination of plant biomass by analysis of images captured with a drone. Spittlebug nymph damage - Estimation Observe plant damage caused by Splittlebug nymphs and record it. Biomass Stem The amount (weight) of stem per unit area or plant. StmBm Stem biomass flower/m2 variable_of ZcarbAnti Antibiosis tolerance on a plants to Zulia carbonaria. Zulia carbonaria antibiosis Plant Zulia carbonaria antibiosis Prosapia simulans nymph damage PsimuADmg Plant Prosapia simulans nymph damage Plant damage caused by nymphs of Prosapia simulans (Spittlebug). Seed gross yield - Measurement Record the weight of harvested seed. Leaf width Leaf LWid Width Width of fully mature leaves at the widest part. Calculate amount of water extracted during a period of time. Root water extraction rate - Measurement Observe plant growth habit and rate it. Plant Growth habit - Estimation PPP Phenotypic performance Plant phenotypic performance Overall performance of the plant that indicates whether the material is to be culled, kept, or selected as promising for further evaluation or not. Plant Plant height Height of the plant from the base to the top of the canopy (excluding inflorescences). Height PH Plant Record shoot weight in fresh weight basis. Shoot biomass FW - Measurement ZcarbAN Number of Zulia carbonaria adults. Plant Zulia carbonaria adult number Zulia carbonaria adult number 1-5 Flower abundance scale PLP Leafiness Plant leafiness Relative leafiness of a plant defined as how leafy a plant is. Plant Aeneolamia varia antibiosis Aeneolamia varia antibiosis AvariAnti Plant Plants antibiosis tolerance to Aeneolamia varia. Growth habit as grade to which a plant is erect or prostrate. Growth habit Plant growth habit GH Plant Plant Aeneolamia reducta antibiosis Aeneolamia reducta antibiosis AreduAnti Plants antibiosis tolerance to Aeneolamia reducta. cm/plant Root Root length Length Root length. RL Waterlogging tolerance Index SpittleEN Number of Spittlebug eggs. Spittlebug egg number Plant Spittlebug egg number Leaf Chlorophyll content LChl Chlorophyll content in leaf green tissue. Includes both chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. Chlorophyll content Photosynthetic efficiency Photosynthetic efficiency Photosynthetic†quantum yield. Leaf PQY 1-3 Leaf width score Observe plant reproductive mode and rate it. Plant reproductive mode - Estimation Visual estimation of number of flowers. Flower number - Estimation Root length - Measurement Root length measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Plant DrghtTol Drought tolerance Drought tolerance The plant tolerance to drought stress. Prosapia simulans adult damage Prosapia simulans adult damage Plant Plant damage caused by adults of Prosapia simulans (Spittlebug). PsimuADmg Handheld Chlorophyll meter - Measurement The chlorophyll content of leaves (and other green tissues) can be quickly, and non-destructively measured using a hand-held battery portable optical meter (e.g., Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter) which measures the chlorophyll content via light transmittance (absorbance of red light at 650 nm and infrared light at 940 nm) and compensates for differing leaf thicknesses. Readings from the instrument are not absolute chlorophyll values, instead each reading is a ?chlorophyll concentration index? (CCI, ranging from 0 to 99.9). Measurements are typically made on selected/marked leaf (once fully expanded), although measurements of lower leaves may be taken to assess canopy chlorophyll profiles. Phenotypic performance - Estimation Observe plant phenotypic performance and rate it. Visual estimation of plant biomass. Plant biomass - Estimation Proportion GLBp Green Leaf Biomass proportion Green leaf Proportion green leaves per unit area or plant. 1-4 Waterlogging tolerance scale Projected area of the plant on the ground. Groundcover Plant groundcover PGC Plant Rhizoctonia severity Plant Rhizoctonia severity RhizocSev Disease severity on a plant caused by Rhizoctonia. mm Shoot biomass DW - Measurement Record dry weight of shoots. Length of fully mature leaves from ligule to leaf tip (exclude flowering stems). Leaf length Length LLng Leaf 1-10 General aspect score Plant Plant damage caused by nymphs of Aeneolamia reducta (Spittlebug). Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Aeneolamia reducta nymph damage AreduADmg Measure leaf length and record it. Leaf length - Measurement Clean harvested seed by removing not filled seeds and record the weight. Seed net yield - Measurement scale_of Plant damage caused by adults of Zulia carbonaria (Spittlebug). ZcarbADmg Plant Zulia carbonaria adult damage Zulia carbonaria adult damage 1-3 Reproductive mode score Use formula to calculate proportion of green leaves Proportion Green Biomass - Computing 1-10 Biomass scale Spittlebug adult/plant AlTol The plants tolerance to Aluminium. Plant Aluminium tolerance Aluminium tolerance Record date of seed harvest. Seed harvest date - Estimation Plant Number of Aeneolamia varia eggs. Aeneolamia varia egg number AvariEN Aeneolamia varia egg number Biomass harvest time. Biomass harvest time BmHvst Plant Biomass harvest time method_of Plant Zulia carbonaria egg number Zulia carbonaria egg number ZcarbEN Number of Zulia carbonaria eggs. Filled seed proportion - Computing Use formula to calculate proportion of filled seed over total seed weight. 1-4 Root vigor scale Leaf biomass DW - Computing Compute leaf biomass using the formula. Plant biomass Index PA Aspect Plant aspect Plant Plant aspect. Number of Aeneolamia varia adults. AvariAN Plant Aeneolamia varia adult number Aeneolamia varia adult number Separate green leaves from stem and yellow leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Chlorotic leaf biomass DW - Measurement Observe waterlogging tolerance and rate it. Waterlogging tolerance - Estimation Plant WlgTol Plant tolerance to waterlogging. Waterlogging tolerance Waterlogging tolerance Flower number - Counting Count flowers in a sampling quadrat. Acid Detergent Fiber content Acid detergent fiber content of aboveground biomass. BmADF Aboveground biomass Acid detergent fiber content 1-5 Visual tolerance score 1-5 Plant leafiness scale Record dry weight of roots. Root biomass DW - Measurement Root length density measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Root length density - Measurement Standard method for chlorophyll fluorescent measurements using a handheld Fluorometer (Fluorpen). Handheld Fluorometer - Measurement cm/cm3 Root Vigor -Estimation Observe the root vigor and rate it. Observe the aluminium tolerance and rate it. Aluminium Tolerance - Estimation Plant damage caused by adults of Aeneolamia reducta (Spittlebug). AreduADmg Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Plant Plant damage caused by adults of Aeneolamia varia (Spittlebug). Aeneolamia varia adult damage Plant AvariADmg Aeneolamia varia adult damage Leaf width - Estimation Observe whether leaves are notably wide or narrow. Plant Rhizoctonia severity - Estimation Observe relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by Rhizoctonia and record it. Often severity is represented as a proportion or percentage of plant surface affected. Count the number of Spittlebug adult per plant. Spittlebug adult number - Counting SdHvst Plant Seed harvest time Seed harvest time Seed harvest time. g/cylinder/week Aluminium tolerance Index Non destructive determination of plant ground cover by analysis of images captured with drone. PGC Image analysis - Measurement