no symptoms observed 0 moderately high biomass 7 PBm_Img_idx CIAT Margaret Worthington 2 prostrate Margaret Worthington WlgTol_E_1to4 CIAT Margaret Worthington POTP_M_pct CIAT 3 kept for future evaluation CIAT PBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington PLP_E_1to5 SdNY_M_gplant Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT Margaret Worthington SdHvst_date_ymd CIAT Margaret Worthington BmIVDMD_NIR_pct H High Margaret Worthington PH_M_cm CIAT CIAT LWid_M_cm Margaret Worthington AreduAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT ZcarbEN_Ct_EggPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington BmNDF_NIR_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT ReprodM_E_1to3 good to very good 7 2 few flowers CIAT Margaret Worthington AreduADmg_E_0to5 poor to fair 3 AvariNDmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington ShootBm_FW_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington entity Margaret Worthington CIAT PBm_E_1to10 BmHvst_date_ymd CIAT Margaret Worthington LWid_E_1to3 CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT SpittleAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington no detectable damage 0 2 21-40% damaged foliage no flowers 1 SdGY_M_gplant CIAT Margaret Worthington AreduAnti_E_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington PA_E_1to5 5 moderately low biomass CIAT Margaret Worthington PsimuAN_Ct_AdultPlnt 4 erect 1 no biomass Brachiaria ontology 4 selected as promising Margaret Worthington RhizocSev_E_0to2 CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT IVDMDNDF_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington PQY_M_num 9 very high biomass intermediate 3 Tolerant T AlTol_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT PChlorosis_E_0to2 61-80% damaged foliage 4 4 fair medium M average biomass 6 StmBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington RhizocSev_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT low biomass 4 Margaret Worthington CIAT PsimuADmg_E_0to5 WaterExt_M_gCylWk Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington GLA_M_cm2Plnt CIAT HR Highly Resistant LChl_M_CCI CIAT Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT RMDia_M_mm 1 very prostrate CIAT Margaret Worthington RA_E_1to10 1 mild to moderate symptoms AvariADmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT LLng_M_cm attribute 3 intermediate CIAT Margaret Worthington GLBp_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT AvariAnti_E_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington SpittleEN_Ct_EggPlnt AreduEN_Ct_EggPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT PGC_Img_cmPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington 3 very low biomass Margaret Worthington FN_E_1to5 CIAT 6 good stemmy 2 Margaret Worthington CIAT BmADF_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington BmADF_M_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington ZcarbNDmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT PDia_M_cm 5 very leafy AP apomictic CIAT BmNDF_M_pct Margaret Worthington Resistant R LBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT 3 fair (F) 8 very good PsimuNDmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT RV_E_1to4 1 very stemmy 5 fair to good Low L sexual SX susceptible 2 4 leafy PsimuAnti_E_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT ShootBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington DrghtTol_E_1to5 CIAT CIAT Margaret Worthington RL_M_cmPlnt acronym 4 many flowers highly susceptible 1 Margaret Worthington CIAT ZcarbAN_Ct_AdultPlnt RBm_M_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington 1 dead CIAT Margaret Worthington PBm_FW_gPlnt AreduNDmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington very poor 1 ChoroticLBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT Very sensitive VS WlgTol_C_idx Margaret Worthington CIAT PLP_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT 10 extremely high biomass BmIVDMD_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT 1-20% damaged foliage 1 very poor (VP) 1 CIAT Margaret Worthington GLBm_DW_gPlnt 9 very good to excellent 2 poor (P) 8 high biomass BmCP_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT AvariEN_Ct_EggPlnt MR Moderately resistant PPP_E_1to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington S Sensitive 4 tolerant BmCP_NIR_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT FN_Ct_fm2 CIAT Margaret Worthington ZcarbAnti_E_pct FillSdP_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT 2 severe symptoms facultative apomictic FA 3 medium growth habit CIAT Margaret Worthington RLD_M_cmcm3 poor 2 selected as very promising 5 S Sensitive narrow N good (G) 4 Very tolerant VT 5 very many flowers CIAT Margaret Worthington ZcarbADmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington AlTol_C_idx CIAT Margaret Worthington GH_E_1to5 excellent 10 AvariAN_Ct_AdultPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT PsimuEN_Ct_EggPlnt Margaret Worthington very good (VG) 5 extremely low biomass 2 Margaret Worthington CIAT LWidLngR_C_pct Moderately resistant M 5 very erect W wide moderate flowers 3 Very high VH IVDMDNDF_M_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington 5 81-100% damaged foliage culled 2 M Moderate 41-60% damaged foliage 3 5 highly tolerant 1-3 Leaf width score Green leaf area is quantified using area meter (Licor-3100). Area Meter - Measurement Root length density measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Root length density - Measurement Aboveground biomass Crude Protein content Crude protein content of aboveground biomass. Crude protein content BmCP Plant biomass Index In vitro dry matter digestibility IVDMDNDF Neutral detergent fiber content In vitro dry matter digestibility of aboveground biomass neutral detergent fiber fraction. In vitro dry matter digestibility of neutral detergent fiber fraction Plant Biomass harvest time BmHvst Biomass harvest time Biomass harvest time. AvariEN Aeneolamia varia egg number Number of Aeneolamia varia eggs. Plant Aeneolamia varia egg number Green leaf biomass GLBm The amount (weight) of green leaves per unit area or plant. Biomass Green leaf BmIVDMD In vitro dry matter digestibility In vitro dry matter digestibility of aboveground biomass. Aboveground biomass In vitro dry matter digestibility PsimuADmg Plant Plant damage caused by adults of Prosapia simulans (Spittlebug). Prosapia simulans adult damage Prosapia simulans adult damage Leaf PQY Photosynthetic efficiency Photosynthetic†quantum yield. Photosynthetic efficiency 0-2 Symptoms general scale Antibiosis tolerance on a plants to Zulia carbonaria. Plant Zulia carbonaria antibiosis ZcarbAnti Zulia carbonaria antibiosis The plant diameter. Plant Diameter Plant diameter PDia 1-4 Waterlogging tolerance scale AlTol Plant The plants tolerance to Aluminium. Aluminium tolerance Aluminium tolerance 0-5 Visual damage/severity score Calculate amount of water extracted during a period of time. Root water extraction rate - Measurement Ratio of leaf width to length. Leaf width to length ratio LWidLngR Width to length ratio Leaf Count the number of Spittlebug eggs per plant. Spittlebug egg number - Counting Number of Prosapia simulans adults. PsimuAN Plant Prosapia simulans adult number Prosapia simulans adult number Calculate antibiosis tolerance to Spittlebug as survival rate of nymphs or eggs that mature to final instar or adult stage. Spittlebug antibiosis - Computing Plant phenotypic performance Plant Phenotypic performance Overall performance of the plant that indicates whether the material is to be culled, kept, or selected as promising for further evaluation or not. PPP cm/cm3 Plant Prosapia simulans antibiosis PsimuAnti Plants antibiosis tolerance to Prosapia simulans. Prosapia simulans antibiosis Plant tolerance to waterlogging. Waterlogging tolerance Waterlogging tolerance Plant WlgTol Observe waterlogging tolerance and rate it. Waterlogging tolerance - Estimation Plant chlorosis - Estimation Observe plant chlorosis and rate it. Plant Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Aeneolamia reducta adult damage AreduADmg Plant damage caused by adults of Aeneolamia reducta (Spittlebug). g/cylinder/week Aeneolamia varia adult damage Aeneolamia varia adult damage AvariADmg Plant damage caused by adults of Aeneolamia varia (Spittlebug). Plant Plant aspect - Estimation Observe the aspect of plants per plot/entry and rate it. Relative leafiness of a plant defined as how leafy a plant is. Leafiness PLP Plant leafiness Plant Spittlebug adult/plant % Record dry weight of shoots. Shoot biomass DW - Measurement Root length - Measurement Root length measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Handheld Chlorophyll meter - Measurement The chlorophyll content of leaves (and other green tissues) can be quickly, and non-destructively measured using a hand-held battery portable optical meter (e.g., Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter) which measures the chlorophyll content via light transmittance (absorbance of red light at 650 nm and infrared light at 940 nm) and compensates for differing leaf thicknesses. Readings from the instrument are not absolute chlorophyll values, instead each reading is a ?chlorophyll concentration index? (CCI, ranging from 0 to 99.9). Measurements are typically made on selected/marked leaf (once fully expanded), although measurements of lower leaves may be taken to assess canopy chlorophyll profiles. Observe whether leaves are notably wide or narrow. Leaf width - Estimation Aeneolamia varia antibiosis Aeneolamia varia antibiosis Plant AvariAnti Plants antibiosis tolerance to Aeneolamia varia. PBm Plant Biomass Amount of aboveground plant biomass (leaves and stems). Plant biomass Aeneolamia reducta antibiosis Plants antibiosis tolerance to Aeneolamia reducta. Plant Aeneolamia reducta antibiosis AreduAnti Length Root RL Root length. Root length Flower number FN Flower Number Number of flowers. 1-10 Biomass scale Plant SpittleAN Number of Spittlebug adults. Spittlebug adult number Spittlebug adult number Plant ZcarbADmg Zulia carbonaria nymph damage Zulia carbonaria nymph damage Plant damage caused by nymphs of Zulia carbonaria (Spittlebug). Follow standard near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method for quality determination on different fraction of the biomass. NIR spectroscopy - Measurement LChl Chlorophyll content Leaf Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content in leaf green tissue. Includes both chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. PsimuADmg Plant damage caused by nymphs of Prosapia simulans (Spittlebug). Plant Prosapia simulans nymph damage Prosapia simulans nymph damage Leaf width to length ratio - Computing Compute leaf width to length ratio. Observe relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by Rhizoctonia and record it. Often severity is represented as a proportion or percentage of plant surface affected. Plant Rhizoctonia severity - Estimation Plant Height - Measurement Measure plant height and record it. Number of Spittlebug eggs. Plant SpittleEN Spittlebug egg number Spittlebug egg number method_of Date (yymmdd) FillSdP Proportion Proportion of filled seed over total seed. Filled seed Filled seed proportion Non destructive determination of plant biomass by analysis of images captured with a drone. Biomass drone method - Estimation 1-5 Growth habit scale PGC Groundcover Plant groundcover Plant Projected area of the plant on the ground. Plant diameter is measured at the widest and most narrow point of the plant crown, and the average is recorded. Plant Diameter - Measurement Count the number of Spittlebug adult per plant. Spittlebug adult number - Counting Observe plant damage caused by Splittlebug nymphs and record it. Spittlebug nymph damage - Estimation DrghtTol Drought tolerance Plant Drought tolerance The plant tolerance to drought stress. Plant Zulia carbonaria adult number ZcarbAN Number of Zulia carbonaria adults. Zulia carbonaria adult number Plant Height PH Plant height Height of the plant from the base to the top of the canopy (excluding inflorescences). Length of fully mature leaves from ligule to leaf tip (exclude flowering stems). Leaf Length LLng Leaf length Shoot biomass FW - Measurement Record shoot weight in fresh weight basis. g/plant cm2/plant Area GLA Green leaf area Green leaf Green leaf area. Handheld Fluorometer - Measurement Standard method for chlorophyll fluorescent measurements using a handheld Fluorometer (Fluorpen). The amount (weight) of stem per unit area or plant. StmBm Stem Stem biomass Biomass Plant Aeneolamia reducta adult number Aeneolamia reducta adult number AreduAN Number of Aeneolamia reducta adults. Visual estimation of off-types plants in a population. Plant proportion off types - Estimation ZcarbADmg Plant Plant damage caused by adults of Zulia carbonaria (Spittlebug). Zulia carbonaria adult damage Zulia carbonaria adult damage Plant leafiness - Computing Use formula to calculate leaf weight to plant weight ratio. Root aspect - Estimation Observe the aspect of root aspect and rate it. flower/m2 Root Biomass Root biomass RBm The amount (weight) of root per unit area, volume or plant. Spittlebug adult damage - Estimation Observe plant damage caused by Splittlebug adults and record it. Plant Plant reproductive mode ReprodM Reproductive mode Uniformity of progeny, indicating that reproduction is sexual, apomictic, or facultative apomictic. Phenotypic performance - Estimation Observe plant phenotypic performance and rate it. Width Leaf width Leaf Width of fully mature leaves at the widest part. LWid Chlorotic leaf biomass DW - Measurement Separate green leaves from stem and yellow leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Root RMDia Root mean diameter. Root mean diameter Mean diameter Observe plant drought tolerance and rate it. Drought tolerance - Estimation Seed net yield The amount (weight) of filled seed that was harvested per unit area or plant. SdNY Seed Net yield Visual estimation of plant biomass. Plant biomass - Estimation Use formula to compute waterlogging tolerance index based on visual observation recorded before treatment and at harvest time. Waterlogging tolerance - Computing Plant Plant damage caused by nymphs of Aeneolamia varia (Spittlebug). AvariADmg Aeneolamia varia nymph damage Aeneolamia varia nymph damage Leaf biomass The amount (weight) of leaves per unit area or plant. Biomass LBm Leaf Stem biomass DW - Measurement Separate stem from leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. AvariAN Aeneolamia varia adult number Plant Aeneolamia varia adult number Number of Aeneolamia varia adults. Acid Detergent Fiber content Acid detergent fiber content Acid detergent fiber content of aboveground biomass. Aboveground biomass BmADF 1-4 Root vigor scale Follow standard chemical analysis for quality determination on different fraction of the biomass. Chemical Analysis - Measurement Root Root length density. Length density RLD Root length density Aspect Aspect of root system. RA Root aspect Root Root mean diameter measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Root mean diameter - Measurement Proportion green leaves per unit area or plant. GLBp Green leaf Proportion Green Leaf Biomass proportion cm FN Flower number Number Flower Number of flowers. Seed gross yield Seed The amount (weight) of total seed that was harvested per unit area or plant. SdGY Gross yield Proportion Green Biomass - Computing Use formula to calculate proportion of green leaves Seed gross yield - Measurement Record the weight of harvested seed. Plant leafiness - Estimation Observe plants leafiness and rate it. 1-5 Plant leafiness scale 1-5 Aluminium tolerance scale 1-5 General evaluation scale Water extraction rate Water extraction rate Plant Amount of water extracted in a period of time. WaterExt The amount (weight) of chlorotic (yellow) leaves per unit area or plant. Chlorotic leaf YLBm Biomass Chlorotic leaf biomass Compute leaf biomass using the formula. Leaf biomass DW - Computing Waterlogging tolerance Index Proportion of off-types plants in a population. Plant Proportion of off-types POTP Proportion of off-type Count flowers in a sampling quadrat. Flower number - Counting PA Plant aspect Plant Aspect Plant aspect. Aluminium Tolerance Index - Computing Use formula to calculate Aluminium tolerance index. Entries with indices above 1 are more resistant than the average genotype in the experiment and entries with indices less than 1 have below average tolerance. Neutral Detergent Fiber Neutral detergent fiber content of aboveground biomass. BmNDF Neutral detergent fiber content Aboveground biomass Record dry weight of roots. Root biomass DW - Measurement Number of Aeneolamia reducta eggs. Aeneolamia reducta egg number Plant AreduEN Aeneolamia reducta egg number Shoot biomass Shoot Biomass The amount (weight) of shoot per unit area or plant. ShootBm Cut plants and weigh to register fresh weight. PBm Dry weight - Measurement Non destructive determination of plant ground cover by analysis of images captured with drone. PGC Image analysis - Measurement 1-5 Phenotypic evaluation scale Green leaf biomass DW - Measurement Separate green leaves from stem and yellow leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. 1-5 Flower abundance scale Seed harvest time. Seed harvest time Seed harvest time SdHvst Plant Record date of seed harvest. Seed harvest date - Estimation Plant Zulia carbonaria egg number Number of Zulia carbonaria eggs. ZcarbEN Zulia carbonaria egg number 1-3 Reproductive mode score Root vigor. Root Vigor Root Vigor RV 1-10 General aspect score Spittlebug egg/plant Observe the aluminium tolerance and rate it. Aluminium Tolerance - Estimation cm/plant PBm Fresh weight - Measurement Record dry weight after drying samples in a dryer at 60 C for 3-5 days. Observe plant growth habit and rate it. Plant Growth habit - Estimation AreduADmg Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Plant Aeneolamia reducta nymph damage Plant damage caused by nymphs of Aeneolamia reducta (Spittlebug). Filled seed proportion - Computing Use formula to calculate proportion of filled seed over total seed weight. Growth habit Growth habit as grade to which a plant is erect or prostrate. GH Plant Plant growth habit PChlorosis Chlorosis Plant An assessment of chlorosis symptoms. Plant chlorosis Measure leaf length and record it. Leaf length - Measurement QY units Biomass harvest date - Estimation Record date of biomass harvest. Flower number - Estimation Visual estimation of number of flowers. Rhizoctonia severity RhizocSev Plant Disease severity on a plant caused by Rhizoctonia. Rhizoctonia severity Observe plant reproductive mode and rate it. Plant reproductive mode - Estimation CCI Leaf width - Measurement Measure leaf width and record it. Aluminium tolerance Index Root Vigor -Estimation Observe the root vigor and rate it. 1-5 Visual tolerance score Number of Prosapia simulans eggs. PsimuEN Prosapia simulans egg number Prosapia simulans egg number Plant scale_of Seed net yield - Measurement Clean harvested seed by removing not filled seeds and record the weight. mm variable_of