9 very high biomass 5 moderately low biomass Margaret Worthington CIAT IVDMDNDF_M_pct CIAT AreduEN_Ct_EggPlnt Margaret Worthington ShootBm_FW_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT LLng_M_cm Margaret Worthington BmADF_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT BmADF_NIR_pct Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington PsimuAN_Ct_AdultPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT AlTol_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT PQY_M_num 81-100% damaged foliage 5 CIAT PGC_Img_cmPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT PsimuNDmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT LBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT RhizocSev_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington LChl_M_CCI CIAT Margaret Worthington ShootBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT fair (F) 3 CIAT PPP_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT PA_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT PsimuADmg_E_0to5 4 61-80% damaged foliage RBm_M_gPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT susceptible 2 RhizocSev_E_0to2 Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT LWid_E_1to3 3 very low biomass L Low Margaret Worthington ZcarbADmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington BmCP_NIR_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington GLBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington LWid_M_cm CIAT AP apomictic Resistant R WlgTol_E_1to4 CIAT Margaret Worthington PChlorosis_E_0to2 Margaret Worthington CIAT M Moderately resistant 4 erect GLBp_C_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT Very tolerant VT 0 no symptoms observed 3 kept for future evaluation Margaret Worthington CIAT PBm_FW_gPlnt M medium PDia_M_cm CIAT Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT RLD_M_cmcm3 5 fair to good CIAT PBm_E_1to10 Margaret Worthington SX sexual Margaret Worthington ZcarbEN_Ct_EggPlnt CIAT Margaret Worthington ChoroticLBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT good 6 PLP_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT RA_E_1to10 Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington SdHvst_date_ymd CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT AreduAnti_E_pct poor 2 CIAT AreduAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington 1 very poor (VP) Margaret Worthington PBm_DW_gPlnt CIAT 2 extremely low biomass CIAT RMDia_M_mm Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT RV_E_1to4 moderate flowers 3 Margaret Worthington FN_Ct_fm2 CIAT Margaret Worthington ZcarbNDmg_E_0to5 CIAT Margaret Worthington PLP_C_pct CIAT good to very good 7 Margaret Worthington CIAT GH_E_1to5 extremely high biomass 10 BmHvst_date_ymd Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington BmNDF_NIR_pct CIAT AreduNDmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT WaterExt_M_gCylWk Margaret Worthington 1 no biomass 5 very good (VG) SdGY_M_gplant CIAT Margaret Worthington 8 high biomass 4 many flowers Margaret Worthington RL_M_cmPlnt CIAT CIAT PH_M_cm Margaret Worthington Moderate M Tolerant T Margaret Worthington PsimuAnti_E_pct CIAT Margaret Worthington POTP_M_pct CIAT 5 very leafy leafy 4 prostrate 2 5 highly tolerant Margaret Worthington CIAT AvariEN_Ct_EggPlnt 7 moderately high biomass Margaret Worthington SpittleEN_Ct_EggPlnt CIAT SpittleAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington ZcarbAnti_E_pct CIAT PBm_Img_idx Margaret Worthington CIAT N narrow 1 mild to moderate symptoms CIAT FillSdP_C_pct Margaret Worthington Moderately resistant MR CIAT ReprodM_E_1to3 Margaret Worthington culled 2 Margaret Worthington AvariAnti_E_pct CIAT FN_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT High H AlTol_C_idx Margaret Worthington CIAT 5 selected as very promising BmIVDMD_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT AvariADmg_E_0to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT BmNDF_M_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT 5 very many flowers StmBm_DW_gPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT CIAT AvariAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington no flowers 1 Margaret Worthington CIAT GLA_M_cm2Plnt CIAT DrghtTol_E_1to5 Margaret Worthington CIAT LWidLngR_C_pct Margaret Worthington Margaret Worthington CIAT AreduADmg_E_0to5 ZcarbAN_Ct_AdultPlnt Margaret Worthington CIAT Margaret Worthington CIAT SdNY_M_gplant 1 very stemmy 1 dead CIAT WlgTol_C_idx Margaret Worthington 41-60% damaged foliage 3 BmIVDMD_NIR_pct Margaret Worthington CIAT 2 severe symptoms 6 average biomass 2 poor (P) selected as promising 4 Margaret Worthington PsimuEN_Ct_EggPlnt CIAT S Sensitive 21-40% damaged foliage 2 VS Very sensitive tolerant 4 intermediate 3 entity HR Highly Resistant 3 intermediate CIAT BmCP_M_pct Margaret Worthington few flowers 2 4 good (G) facultative apomictic FA VH Very high Margaret Worthington CIAT AvariNDmg_E_0to5 9 very good to excellent low biomass 4 acronym excellent 10 3 medium growth habit highly susceptible 1 2 stemmy Margaret Worthington CIAT IVDMDNDF_NIR_pct attribute poor to fair 3 1 very poor Brachiaria ontology 8 very good 1 very prostrate 4 fair 0 no detectable damage 5 very erect 1-20% damaged foliage 1 Sensitive S W wide Leaf LBm The amount (weight) of leaves per unit area or plant. Leaf biomass Biomass cm2/plant Number of Spittlebug adults. Plant Spittlebug adult number SpittleAN Spittlebug adult number Count the number of Spittlebug eggs per plant. Spittlebug egg number - Counting 1-4 Waterlogging tolerance scale Plant damage caused by nymphs of Prosapia simulans (Spittlebug). PsimuADmg Prosapia simulans nymph damage Plant Prosapia simulans nymph damage Plant Plant biomass Amount of aboveground plant biomass (leaves and stems). PBm Biomass Measure plant height and record it. Plant Height - Measurement Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Aeneolamia reducta nymph damage AreduADmg Plant Plant damage caused by nymphs of Aeneolamia reducta (Spittlebug). Biomass YLBm Chlorotic leaf Chlorotic leaf biomass The amount (weight) of chlorotic (yellow) leaves per unit area or plant. Calculate antibiosis tolerance to Spittlebug as survival rate of nymphs or eggs that mature to final instar or adult stage. Spittlebug antibiosis - Computing In vitro dry matter digestibility of aboveground biomass. In vitro dry matter digestibility BmIVDMD In vitro dry matter digestibility Aboveground biomass StmBm Stem The amount (weight) of stem per unit area or plant. Stem biomass Biomass Plant Plants antibiosis tolerance to Prosapia simulans. Prosapia simulans antibiosis PsimuAnti Prosapia simulans antibiosis Plant Water extraction rate Amount of water extracted in a period of time. Water extraction rate WaterExt Record shoot weight in fresh weight basis. Shoot biomass FW - Measurement Flower Number Flower number Number of flowers. FN Observe plant reproductive mode and rate it. Plant reproductive mode - Estimation Observe plant growth habit and rate it. Plant Growth habit - Estimation Record dry weight of roots. Root biomass DW - Measurement Plant aspect - Estimation Observe the aspect of plants per plot/entry and rate it. Biomass The amount (weight) of green leaves per unit area or plant. Green leaf biomass Green leaf GLBm Root RA Root aspect Aspect of root system. Aspect NIR spectroscopy - Measurement Follow standard near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method for quality determination on different fraction of the biomass. Plant biomass Index Root mean diameter Mean diameter Root mean diameter. RMDia Root BmNDF Aboveground biomass Neutral Detergent Fiber Neutral detergent fiber content of aboveground biomass. Neutral detergent fiber content Number of Aeneolamia varia eggs. AvariEN Plant Aeneolamia varia egg number Aeneolamia varia egg number 1-4 Root vigor scale Aeneolamia varia nymph damage Plant damage caused by nymphs of Aeneolamia varia (Spittlebug). Plant Aeneolamia varia nymph damage AvariADmg Root length measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Root length - Measurement Projected area of the plant on the ground. Plant groundcover Groundcover Plant PGC Width LWid Leaf width Leaf Width of fully mature leaves at the widest part. Spittlebug adult/plant Plant Zulia carbonaria nymph damage ZcarbADmg Plant damage caused by nymphs of Zulia carbonaria (Spittlebug). Zulia carbonaria nymph damage Biomass harvest time. Biomass harvest time BmHvst Plant Biomass harvest time g/plant Spittlebug adult damage - Estimation Observe plant damage caused by Splittlebug adults and record it. Acid Detergent Fiber content BmADF Aboveground biomass Acid detergent fiber content Acid detergent fiber content of aboveground biomass. Date (yymmdd) Biomass harvest date - Estimation Record date of biomass harvest. AvariADmg Plant damage caused by adults of Aeneolamia varia (Spittlebug). Aeneolamia varia adult damage Aeneolamia varia adult damage Plant Flower number FN Flower Number Number of flowers. Leaf width to length ratio - Computing Compute leaf width to length ratio. Height Height of the plant from the base to the top of the canopy (excluding inflorescences). Plant height PH Plant Seed net yield - Measurement Clean harvested seed by removing not filled seeds and record the weight. Visual estimation of plant biomass. Plant biomass - Estimation PsimuAN Plant Prosapia simulans adult number Prosapia simulans adult number Number of Prosapia simulans adults. Width to length ratio LWidLngR Ratio of leaf width to length. Leaf Leaf width to length ratio Aeneolamia reducta antibiosis Plants antibiosis tolerance to Aeneolamia reducta. Aeneolamia reducta antibiosis Plant AreduAnti Use formula to calculate Aluminium tolerance index. Entries with indices above 1 are more resistant than the average genotype in the experiment and entries with indices less than 1 have below average tolerance. Aluminium Tolerance Index - Computing The plants tolerance to Aluminium. Plant AlTol Aluminium tolerance Aluminium tolerance Root length density - Measurement Root length density measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Plant Phenotypic performance PPP Plant phenotypic performance Overall performance of the plant that indicates whether the material is to be culled, kept, or selected as promising for further evaluation or not. Plant leafiness - Estimation Observe plants leafiness and rate it. RhizocSev Rhizoctonia severity Disease severity on a plant caused by Rhizoctonia. Plant Rhizoctonia severity AreduEN Aeneolamia reducta egg number Number of Aeneolamia reducta eggs. Aeneolamia reducta egg number Plant scale_of The amount (weight) of root per unit area, volume or plant. Root Biomass RBm Root biomass 1-5 General evaluation scale FillSdP Filled seed Filled seed proportion Proportion of filled seed over total seed. Proportion Aboveground biomass Crude protein content Crude Protein content Crude protein content of aboveground biomass. BmCP PGC Image analysis - Measurement Non destructive determination of plant ground cover by analysis of images captured with drone. Root Root length density Root length density. Length density RLD Observe relative or absolute area of plant tissue affected by Rhizoctonia and record it. Often severity is represented as a proportion or percentage of plant surface affected. Plant Rhizoctonia severity - Estimation Root mean diameter measured by root scanning and image analysis using WinRhizo Software. Root mean diameter - Measurement Plant diameter is measured at the widest and most narrow point of the plant crown, and the average is recorded. Plant Diameter - Measurement RV Root Vigor Root Root vigor. Vigor Green leaf Green Leaf Biomass proportion Proportion GLBp Proportion green leaves per unit area or plant. Use formula to compute waterlogging tolerance index based on visual observation recorded before treatment and at harvest time. Waterlogging tolerance - Computing Handheld Chlorophyll meter - Measurement The chlorophyll content of leaves (and other green tissues) can be quickly, and non-destructively measured using a hand-held battery portable optical meter (e.g., Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter) which measures the chlorophyll content via light transmittance (absorbance of red light at 650 nm and infrared light at 940 nm) and compensates for differing leaf thicknesses. Readings from the instrument are not absolute chlorophyll values, instead each reading is a ?chlorophyll concentration index? (CCI, ranging from 0 to 99.9). Measurements are typically made on selected/marked leaf (once fully expanded), although measurements of lower leaves may be taken to assess canopy chlorophyll profiles. method_of Chlorophyll content in leaf green tissue. Includes both chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content Leaf LChl Root Vigor -Estimation Observe the root vigor and rate it. Waterlogging tolerance Plant tolerance to waterlogging. WlgTol Waterlogging tolerance Plant Use formula to calculate leaf weight to plant weight ratio. Plant leafiness - Computing Aeneolamia varia adult number AvariAN Plant Aeneolamia varia adult number Number of Aeneolamia varia adults. Plant ZcarbADmg Zulia carbonaria adult damage Zulia carbonaria adult damage Plant damage caused by adults of Zulia carbonaria (Spittlebug). Plant proportion off types - Estimation Visual estimation of off-types plants in a population. DrghtTol Drought tolerance Plant Drought tolerance The plant tolerance to drought stress. Zulia carbonaria antibiosis Zulia carbonaria antibiosis Plant ZcarbAnti Antibiosis tolerance on a plants to Zulia carbonaria. Measure leaf width and record it. Leaf width - Measurement ZcarbEN Zulia carbonaria egg number Number of Zulia carbonaria eggs. Plant Zulia carbonaria egg number Record dry weight after drying samples in a dryer at 60 C for 3-5 days. PBm Fresh weight - Measurement Seed harvest date - Estimation Record date of seed harvest. Green leaf area. Green leaf area GLA Area Green leaf QY units Count the number of Spittlebug adult per plant. Spittlebug adult number - Counting AreduADmg Plant Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Aeneolamia reducta adult damage Plant damage caused by adults of Aeneolamia reducta (Spittlebug). Root Root length Length Root length. RL 1-10 Biomass scale 0-2 Symptoms general scale mm Proportion Green Biomass - Computing Use formula to calculate proportion of green leaves 0-5 Visual damage/severity score Observe plant phenotypic performance and rate it. Phenotypic performance - Estimation Relative leafiness of a plant defined as how leafy a plant is. Plant PLP Plant leafiness Leafiness Drought tolerance - Estimation Observe plant drought tolerance and rate it. cm Number of Prosapia simulans eggs. Plant Prosapia simulans egg number PsimuEN Prosapia simulans egg number Leaf length Leaf LLng Length of fully mature leaves from ligule to leaf tip (exclude flowering stems). Length AreduAN Aeneolamia reducta adult number Number of Aeneolamia reducta adults. Aeneolamia reducta adult number Plant 1-5 Visual tolerance score % Aluminium Tolerance - Estimation Observe the aluminium tolerance and rate it. Handheld Fluorometer - Measurement Standard method for chlorophyll fluorescent measurements using a handheld Fluorometer (Fluorpen). ReprodM Reproductive mode Plant Uniformity of progeny, indicating that reproduction is sexual, apomictic, or facultative apomictic. Plant reproductive mode 1-5 Aluminium tolerance scale Biomass drone method - Estimation Non destructive determination of plant biomass by analysis of images captured with a drone. Shoot biomass DW - Measurement Record dry weight of shoots. SdNY Seed Seed net yield Net yield The amount (weight) of filled seed that was harvested per unit area or plant. Follow standard chemical analysis for quality determination on different fraction of the biomass. Chemical Analysis - Measurement Aspect Plant aspect. Plant aspect PA Plant An assessment of chlorosis symptoms. Plant PChlorosis Plant chlorosis Chlorosis Observe plant chlorosis and rate it. Plant chlorosis - Estimation Measure leaf length and record it. Leaf length - Measurement Aluminium tolerance Index Waterlogging tolerance - Estimation Observe waterlogging tolerance and rate it. Seed harvest time. Plant Seed harvest time Seed harvest time SdHvst Photosynthetic efficiency Photosynthetic efficiency Leaf Photosynthetic†quantum yield. PQY Spittlebug nymph damage - Estimation Observe plant damage caused by Splittlebug nymphs and record it. Separate stem from leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Stem biomass DW - Measurement Spittlebug egg/plant Shoot Biomass ShootBm The amount (weight) of shoot per unit area or plant. Shoot biomass flower/m2 1-3 Leaf width score cm/plant In vitro dry matter digestibility of aboveground biomass neutral detergent fiber fraction. In vitro dry matter digestibility of neutral detergent fiber fraction Neutral detergent fiber content In vitro dry matter digestibility IVDMDNDF Flower number - Counting Count flowers in a sampling quadrat. Cut plants and weigh to register fresh weight. PBm Dry weight - Measurement Observe the aspect of root aspect and rate it. Root aspect - Estimation Separate green leaves from stem and yellow leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Green leaf biomass DW - Measurement Number of Zulia carbonaria adults. Plant ZcarbAN Zulia carbonaria adult number Zulia carbonaria adult number Plant diameter The plant diameter. PDia Diameter Plant Separate green leaves from stem and yellow leaves, use dryer at 60C for three days and weigh. Chlorotic leaf biomass DW - Measurement g/cylinder/week Green leaf area is quantified using area meter (Licor-3100). Area Meter - Measurement Plant Proportion of off-type POTP Proportion of off-types Proportion of off-types plants in a population. Aeneolamia varia antibiosis AvariAnti Plants antibiosis tolerance to Aeneolamia varia. Plant Aeneolamia varia antibiosis 1-5 Phenotypic evaluation scale 1-5 Plant leafiness scale 1-3 Reproductive mode score Plant Growth habit as grade to which a plant is erect or prostrate. GH Plant growth habit Growth habit Seed gross yield - Measurement Record the weight of harvested seed. Spittlebug egg number Number of Spittlebug eggs. Plant Spittlebug egg number SpittleEN Observe whether leaves are notably wide or narrow. Leaf width - Estimation variable_of Visual estimation of number of flowers. Flower number - Estimation 1-5 Flower abundance scale Root water extraction rate - Measurement Calculate amount of water extracted during a period of time. 1-5 Growth habit scale Waterlogging tolerance Index Plant damage caused by adults of Prosapia simulans (Spittlebug). PsimuADmg Prosapia simulans adult damage Prosapia simulans adult damage Plant 1-10 General aspect score Compute leaf biomass using the formula. Leaf biomass DW - Computing CCI cm/cm3 Use formula to calculate proportion of filled seed over total seed weight. Filled seed proportion - Computing Gross yield Seed The amount (weight) of total seed that was harvested per unit area or plant. SdGY Seed gross yield