4 heavy devastating infestation SdShp_EstMat_0to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA 2 deep red broth 6 1 Acute erect (branches form acute angles with main stem) IAR, Samaru IConcSd_AAS_mgkg Muhammad Lawan Umar IITA Ousmane Boukar AlecNo_CountWk_Alec no pods 0 no striga emerged (Very resistant) 1 2 ‚Kabba group (Eye fills the narrow groove all around the hilum, and the body has some form of speckling. A blue halo is also found around the hilum) (K) Ousmane Boukar VirSev_Est_1to5 IITA 1 ‚Brown splash or gray 4 many plants with striga emerged (susceptible) Ousmane Boukar IITA DiabInf_Est_0to4 2 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) heavy devastating severity 4 Pronounced 7 Ousmane Boukar IITA EyeCol_Est_0to9 distinct browning/drying of stipules and leaf or flower buds - some bud abscission 5 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers PodYld_Wgh_g PodCol_Est_1to3 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside very slight wilting 1 Ousmane Boukar StrgWt_Av_g IITA TermLftShp_Est_1to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA StrInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar SeptSev_Est_0to4 IITA 7 Coiled UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers ThrpDamPod_Est_0to4 Throughout canopy 3 2 Intermediate heavy infestation 3 PodWThck_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar IITA 4 IITA PodWdt_Av_cm Ousmane Boukar IITA BasRtNo_LargeCount_Rt Ousmane Boukar 11-20% pod damage 2 StrigRes_CompRank_Rk3 SdSen_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers SP 5 8 3 Slight 4 Present (testa split exposing cotyledons) 1 StrNo_Count9Wk_Striga Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA RacNo_Av_RacPlnt Ousmane Boukar VirSev_Est_Pct IITA IITA MarDam_EstDeg_1to9 Ousmane Boukar TermInf_Est_undefined IITA SdShp_Est_1to5 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers no visible damage 1 PodCol_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA 7 Dark green 0 no symptoms Ousmane Boukar PhytmInf_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA TesText_Est_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar PlntPig_Est_0to9 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers FusWltR3_Est_0to4 5 Testa not firmly attached to seed 0 9 occasional bare peduncles 31-60% peducles bare 3 EmpDam_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA StrNo_CountHvst_Striga Ousmane Boukar IITA UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers PigBleed_Est_0to4 IITA GrYld_PerPlot_g Ousmane Boukar YLDPLOT Ousmane Boukar BECMVSev_Est_0to4 IITA no symptoms 0 Ousmane Boukar DFodWt_Week_g IITA 4 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) IITA Ousmane Boukar CapReGro_Meas_g FlwLng_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA Rough to wrinkled 7 9 severe defoliation, followed by wilting, resulting in death of plants Ousmane Boukar PodAtt_Est_1to7 IITA 7 GrMarket_CompRank_Rk3 4 heavy devastating infestation IITA DMCt_Comp_Pct Ousmane Boukar StplLng_Meas_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA 1 pods/peduncle 1 Ousmane Boukar StrNo_CountWk_Striga IITA FBMFlw_Av_g Ousmane Boukar IITA 1 Very slight black broth 4 no browning/drying (i.e. scaling) of stipules, leaf or flower buds - no bud abscission 1 Ousmane Boukar IITA StrEmDat_Meas_Date 7 Erect UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers SdCTex_Est_1to3 Ousmane Boukar IITA BrBltchInf_Est_0to4 Other 6 FlwT_FFlwCount_d Ousmane Boukar IITA high 9 Ousmane Boukar IITA SplTest_Est_0or1 31-40% pod damage 4 Ousmane Boukar EyePat_Est_0to8 IITA LygusBDam_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 30 - 90o down from erect 5 5 0 infestation 3 heavy leaf senscence Thrs_Comp_Pct Ousmane Boukar IITA LfScbInf_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar ThrpDamStpl_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers LfCol_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar IITA NodWt_DryAv_g Ousmane Boukar IITA GrStorProbRes_CompRank_Rk3 AbioStre_CompRank_Rk3 heavy devastating severity 4 8 StrRes_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar StrParPlnt_Est_1to5 IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA IConcLf_AAS_mgkg 1 mild infestation 2 IITA Ousmane Boukar Str1EmDat_Meas_Date HillNo_Count_Hill Ousmane Boukar IITA GermTim_CompRank_Rk3 2 moderate infestation 2 None 0 No visible infection 0 1 heavy devastating infestation 4 moderate symptoms 2 GrTast_CompRank_Rk3 HypLng_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA IITA MarDam_EstPct_1to9 Ousmane Boukar AlctWt_Av_g IITA Ousmane Boukar No visible infection 0 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers CookT_Meas_min Ousmane Boukar TapRtDia_15Av_mm IITA 6 MatTim-_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar StrParPlnt_Count_Plnt IITA IITA Ousmane Boukar LfMk_Est_0or1 3 heavy infestation Pigmented margins on wing and standard 2 3 heavy infestation 3 Smooth to rough MatT_95MatCount_days Ousmane Boukar IITA 2 moderate infestation moderate infestation 2 Ousmane Boukar JRtNemDam_Est_undefined IITA 0 Absent Ousmane Boukar IITA TapRtDia_5Av_mm 4 many plants with striga emerged (susceptible) 1 ‚Globose Ousmane Boukar IITA AnthrDam_Est_0to4 O 5 severe yellowing of the leaves followed by drying of leaf tips and leaf margins - characteristic hopper burn observed 7 6 ‚Blue to black spots or mottle 6 Pale Green 3 Moderate at the base and tips of petioles 3 0 no infestation OvAllPerfvsLoc_CompRank_Rk3 4 complete stipule necrosis 3 heavy infestation high wilting and necrosis 3 Extremely crowded (seed width greater than seed length) 7 PhomaInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA 8 2 AlecEmDat_Meas_Date Ousmane Boukar IITA 0 no infestation 4 ‚Sub-globose 2 4 ‚Hastate Ousmane Boukar IITA AlecInf_Est_0to4 LfRustInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA 1 1 pods/peduncle 2 moderate symptoms Ousmane Boukar AlHt_Av_cm IITA Ousmane Boukar PlntVig_Est_1to9 IITA BiomDWtFlw_Av_g UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers Ousmane Boukar AlecNo_Count9Wk_Alec IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA ImPodPig_Est_0to6 Ousmane Boukar StplWdt_Meas_mm IITA 6 Wrinkled (coarse folds on the testa) 9 BasRtAng_Est_ Ousmane Boukar IITA IITA PlntHair_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) Ousmane Boukar IITA MarDam_EstSymp_1to4 1 R LfQlCons_CompRank_Rk3 heavy devastating severity 4 2 moderate symptoms 3 heavy infestation 6 51-60% pod damage GrSizUsorMark_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar IITA MatT_1PCount_d 2 R no pods 0 3 Dark brown 3 Glabrescent 3 ‚Sub-hastate Intermediate green 5 Membranous 3 OvAllPerf_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar IITA TLfWdt_Meas_mm 3 Wing pigmented - standard lightly pigmented 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) W 1 mild infestation 1 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers SdCPat_Est_1to6 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 5 IITA AdvRtNo_LargeCount_Rt Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA AdvRtAng_Est_ YLDPLOT Ousmane Boukar IITA large isolated colonies (101-500 aphids) 7 GrStorab_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar TapRtDia_10Av_mm IITA 1 S 3 pods/peduncle 3 slight yellowing of the midrib - no cupping 3 Ousmane Boukar IITA PodEmerT_1PCount_d NodNo_Comp_NodPlot Ousmane Boukar IITA IITA BactPustDam_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA FFodWt_Meas_g Ousmane Boukar 4 PodFWt_Meas_g Ousmane Boukar IITA 3 I Middle rank 2 Ousmane Boukar IITA PodSBSev_Est_0to4 3 heavy infestation StrRes_Est_1to5 StrParPlnt_Est_1to5 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 4 4 Black or dark purple ‚None 0 GrYld_PerPlnt_gPlnt Ousmane Boukar IITA YLDPLANT SdThck_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA FlwPigPat_Est_0to6 4 plant dead or near death IITA Tto1MatPod_Count_d Ousmane Boukar 4 heavy devastating severity DMDig_Meas_undefined Ousmane Boukar IITA StmDia_Av_ Ousmane Boukar IITA 3 few plants with striga emerged (tolerant) Ousmane Boukar DPlntNo_Count_Plnt IITA HvstLfWt_Sum_g Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar GwtPat_Est_1or2 IITA IITA GSucrCt_Meas_Read Ousmane Boukar PodNo_Av_PodPed Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside 6 M 1 mild symptoms Semi-crowded (slight flattering of seed ends) 3 moderate leaf senescence 2 6 IITA StrgHt_Av_cm Ousmane Boukar MacrophSev_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers high wilting and necrosis 3 6 AlecParPlnt_Count_Alec Ousmane Boukar IITA 7 ‚Self coloured (eye covers entire seed) S RacPos_Est_1to3 Ousmane Boukar IITA 1 Pigmented tip GermRat_CompRank_3 IITA FlwT_50FlwCount_days Ousmane Boukar very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 3 4 Ousmane Boukar IITA AphInc_Est_Pct 0 Not crowded (no compression of seed ends) no infestation 0 Ousmane Boukar IITA SdWdt_Av_mm YldQual_CompRank_Rk3 2 2 pods/peduncle 3 Semi-erect (branches perpendicular to main stem, but not touch ground) Erect (branching angle less acute than above) 2 2 T Ousmane Boukar DPllntProp_Comp_Pct IITA Very vigorous (height greater than 50 cm and width greater than 1 m) 9 1 Smooth 2 Dark tan 5 many plant with several plant of striga emerged (Very susceptible) UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers LfThripDam_Est_undefined 7 serious bud abscission accompanied by browning/drying of stipules and buds - non-elongation of peduncles no infected leaves (very resistant) 1 IITA ThripResFlw_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA NodNo_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar MBrnchNo_Av_Brnch IITA heavy infestation 3 Indeterminate 2 4 2 ‚Tan Brown Ousmane Boukar SmutInf_Est_0to4 IITA 9 large continuous colonies (>500 aphids) 2 moderte wilting and necrosis Ousmane Boukar IITA PlntHt_Av_cm 2 few striga emerged (moderately resistant) GrSiz_CompRank_Rk3 IITA StmRtDam_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar 6 2 4 Globose 1 a few individual aphids (1-4 aphids) Highest rank 1 moderte wilting and necrosis 2 CAMVSev_Est0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers PodLng_Av_cm UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 3 3 pods/peduncle a few isolated colonies (5-20 aphids) 3 most (>60%) peduncles bare (i.e. no pods) 1 YLDPLOT GrYld_Plnt_g Ousmane Boukar IITA heavy devastating infestation 4 IITA NodWt_FrshAv_g Ousmane Boukar 0 no infestation S 4 5 41-50% pod damage ThrpDamFlw_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA CanHt_Meas_cm UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 1 mild infestation 1 Low HI_Comp_ratio UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 3 ‚Narrow eye (Hilum Ring. Eye fills the narrow groove around the hilum and spills out of this groove in front of the hilum for a short distance and has an indistinct front margin) (N) IITA WebBDam_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar 1 Testa firmly attached to seed 5 Rhomboid IITA Ousmane Boukar DFodYd_Comp_kgha 0 no infestation 8 ChlCt_Meas_Score UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers Tto1Flw_Count_d Ousmane Boukar IITA high wilting and necrosis 3 Wing with pigmented upper margin - standard is pigmented 4 3 IITA AdvRtNo_Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar AshStmR_Est_0to4 moderte wilting and necrosis 2 2 6 GwthHab_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA 0-10% pod damage 1 AttTes_Est_0to1 Ousmane Boukar IITA 1 7 up to 15% peduncles bare 0 no infestation attribute UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers FusWltR4_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar PedLng_Comp_cm IITA Br 3 0 infestation PodScbInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA medium stipule necrosis 2 IITA LfProtCt_Meas_mgg Ousmane Boukar ‚Small eye (eye has a distinct margin, but is E smaller than Holstein group) 4 0 No infestation present IITA Ousmane Boukar LfTex_Est_1to3 3 Wing pigmented - standard with light V-shaped pattern of pigment at top center 1 5 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) TwTnd_Est_0to7 Ousmane Boukar IITA IITA Ousmane Boukar CaLobLng_Av_mm TapLatNo_Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar IITA NodeNo_Av_Node IITA Ousmane Boukar Non-vigorous (height less than 37 cm and width less than 75 cm 3 ‚Absent (A1) 0 ‚Mottled and speckled (Victor) 9 4 heavy devastating severity PlntStHvst_Count_Plnt IITA Ousmane Boukar broth clear 0 AphSev_EstComp_0to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA 4 many plant with several plant of striga emerged (Very susceptible) 5 2 C 6 heavy devastating severity 4 8 Straight 0 0 no infestation 3 G moderate infestation 2 2 E heavy devastating infestation 4 0 no symptoms 21-30% pod damage 3 IITA HvstLf_Wgh_g Ousmane Boukar DisRes_CompRank_Rk3 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 2 moderate infestation IITA GrProtCt_Meas_mgg Ousmane Boukar GrQual_CompRank_Rk3 no infestation 0 1 mild infestation 100SDWT IITA SdWt_Wgh_g Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA TLfLng_Meas_mm 5 Short appressed hairs UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers BiomDWtMat_Av_g 1 BE S 1 7 Pubescent to hirsute 4 moderate infestation 2 2 PestRes_CompRank_Rk3 IITA HvstLfWt_Meas_g Ousmane Boukar ‚Crowder 3 1 0 no pods heavy infestation 3 high stipule necrosis 3 1+ ‚Very Small ( A ) 1 0 None 5 R 3 Pendant Pigmented sutures 2 SdLng_Av_mm IITA Ousmane Boukar 1 W minor leaf senescence 1 IITA BrnchDen_10to15Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar 4 Splashes of pigment 5 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) Ousmane Boukar IITA LfStR_Comp_r IITA PodCurv_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar SdCr_Est_0to7 IITA Cariaceous 1 2 moderate infestation 1 Present UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers FlwAbsc_Est_0to4 moderate symptoms 2 6 3 Lowest rank 7 Extensive AphDam_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 3 heavy infestation 2 pods/peduncle 2 1 no infected leaves (very resistant) SdPod_Av_sdpod UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers ‚Speckled (even distribution of fine speckling) 7 GrYld_CompRank_Rk3 0 no infestation No leaf tip senescence 0 no infected leaves (very resistant) 1 moderate infestation 2 2 0 Absent 1 mild infestation 1 1 mild infestation 5 Intermediate 2 2 4 1 no infected leaves (very resistant) 2 1 Pale tan or straw 4 completely covered by aphids 4 4 plant dead or near death 1 low stipule necrosis moderate symptoms 2 Slightly curved 3 Completely pigmented 5 0 ‚Eye absent (white, cream) 8 Determinate (apical bud of main stem reproductive) 1 Ousmane Boukar IITA BBSev_Est_0to4 1 mild infestation 8 O 7 entity SdCCol_Est_1to7 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 80-90% pod damage 9 Ousmane Boukar IITA 3BrnchDen_Est_1to9 heavy devastating severity 4 mild symptoms 1 Ousmane Boukar IITA CrcspDam_Est_1to5 1 mild symptoms 8 0 Not pigmented (white) high medium aphid numbers 3 1 no striga emerged (Very resistant) many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 YldQuant_CompRk_Rk3 IITA BrnchDen_5to10Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar 4 K 3 heavy infestation mild infestation 1 infestation 0 6 ‚Red 3 3 P 4 heavy devastating infestation Ousmane Boukar ZnConcLf_AAS_mgkg IITA 1 Low 61-70% pod damage 7 1 In upper canopy 2 2 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) DT 3 0 no symptoms 3 heavy infestation very slight wilting 1 acronym Vigorous (height greater than 37 cm and width greater than 75 cm) 7 moderate infestation 2 ‚Watson group (eye encircles the back of the hilum as a narrow ring, widens at the sides and spills over the non micropylar end of the seed withan indistinct margin. The extra width at the sidesof the hilum distinguishes this group from 3, narrow eye) (W) 6 2 5 Intermediate 4 4 pods/peduncle UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers FlwCol_Est_1to4 3 heavy infestation Ousmane Boukar PlntStEmg_Count_Plnt IITA 1 ‚Kidney 1 mild infestation 0 No visible infection many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 5 IITA BasRtNo_Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar 5 Uniformly pigmented 2 V 4 pods/peduncle 4 3 few plants with striga emerged (tolerant) no symptoms 0 mild infestation 1 4 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 pods/peduncle 4 1 broth with slight red color 4 heavy devastating infestation 9 Solid 5 Other Curved 5 4 heavy devastating infestation 4 Intermediate (height greater than 37cm or width greater than 75 cm 5 H 2 O 4 1 mild symptoms 3 purple broth 4 completely senesced mild symptoms 1 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 LfSptInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA moderate symptoms 2 heavy devastating infestation 4 8 ‚Mottled (dark brown pigment typically Absent around hilum) 0 no symptoms 1 mild symptoms plant dead or near death 4 4 Intermediate (most lower branches touch the ground) 16-30% peduncles bare 5 4 Ousmane Boukar IITA PodPlnt_Av_PodPlnt 2 moderate infestation 1 low aphid numbers 3 heavy infestation 1 Mostly above canopy 6 3 heavy infestation 9 high ZnConcSd_AAS_mgkg Muhammad Lawan Umar IAR, Samaru 3 initiation of browning of stipules, leaf or flower buds - no bud abscission 4 heavy devastating infestation 2 71-80% pod damage 8 7 ‚Other 8 5 Crowded (marked compression of seed ends 2 few striga emerged (moderately resistant) 0 no symptoms ‚Green 4 ‚Ovoid 2 several small colonies (21-100 aphids) 5 5 pronounced yellowing at midrib and side veins - yellowing extends slightly between the veins - symptoms may or may not be associated with moderate cupping 2 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) Semi-prostrate (main stem reaches 20 or more centimeters 6 Prostrate (plants flat on ground - branches spread several meters) 5 heavy infestation 3 2 2 2 pods/peduncle 1 mild symptoms Cowpea ontology 4 heavy devastating infestation 6 Other 3 heavy infestation 3 heavy infestation very severe bud abscission, heavy browning/drying of stipules and buds - distinct non-elongation of (most or all) peduncles 9 4 P 6 5 ‚Blue to black moderate infestation 2 heavy devastating infestation 4 2 moderate symptoms 3 heavy infestation 1 pods/peduncle 1 Rough (fine reticulation) 5 2 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 5 ‚Holstein group (eye encircles the back of the hilum in a narrow ring, widens at the sides,and then extends margin of the eye is very distinct) (H) 1 6 Bl 4 1 very slight wilting M 3 no infestation 0 3 pods/peduncle 3 1 moderate infestation 2 2 no stipule necrosis 0 mild infestation 1 mild infestation 1 Pigmented valves, green sutures 3 medium aphid numbers 2 6 heavy infestation 3 Seed shape Seed shape Shape SDSHAPE Grain 1-9 rating scale Count number of days from planting to first appearance of mature pod in a plot Days to 1st pod maturity - Method Percentage score of well polished seeds compared to others in the sample. Threshability - Method pods/peduncle Thrip Resistance THRIPS Thrips Resistance Resistance to Thrips Weight of fresh pod Pod Fresh pod FRESHP Fresh weight g mm Basal root Number of basal region roots Number BasRtNo Number of basal region roots DTFLWRAB Pod Floral abscision Floral abscision Number 1-9 score Marketability Grain marketability  Grain Quality of the grain for marketability Biomass at Flowering - Method Trait measured by cutting 10 plants at ground level per plot at 50% Flowering, oven drying and weighing biomass Plant height Plant Height PTHT Plant height Time of germination after planting GermTim Germination time Germination time Grain Attachment of testa Attachment to the seed Attachment of the testa to the seed Testa AttTes Visual assessment of root M. javanica root knot nematode - Method nodules/plot g Record the date at which the first Striga in the experimental plot emerged No method name found mm Average width of seeds SeeWdt Grain Seed width Width 1-4 score HI Plant Harvest index Ratio of grain weight over plant biomass Biomass partitioning In vitro dry matter digestibility - Method In vitro measurerement of the digestibility of green fodder at 50% flowering Degree 1-9 rating scale FBMFlw Fresh biomass at flowering Plant Fresh biomass at flowering Total above ground fresh biomass Chlorophyll content SPAD Leaf Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content cm Aphid Aphid damage Damage caused by aphid in specialized nursery APHIDRES Damage ang_ad Growth angle Adventitious root Angle of adventitious roots Adventitous root growth angle 0-9 score NDEADP Dead plant Number of dead plants Number Dead plant number Damage caused by Stem rot Damage STMRT Stem rot Stem rot damage Leaf harvest - Method Weigh leaf harvested from experimental unit weekly ATNSE Anthracnose damage Anthracnose damage Anthracnose Damage Height of Alectra Height Alectra Alectra- Height of Alectra AHA Visual rating of severity and extent of macrophomina damage Macrophomina Tolerance - Method Seedcoat pattern SDPATRN Seed coat Seed coat pattern Pattern hills Damage to podset caused by thrips THRIPDAM Thrip damage to podset Thrips Damage on pod Number of hills Hill Number HILLS Number of hills having at least one plant Grain sucrose content - Method Measure the sucrose content of grain sample using a blood testing device for tracking diabetese Plant Growth pattern Pattern of growth Growth pattern GroPat 0-4 score Seed coat pattern - Method Visual assessment of seed coat pattern cm Virus Severity - Method Visual rating of affected leaf area within a plot 1-9 rating scale Growth habit GROHAB Plant Type of growth habit Growth habit BRBL Infestation by Brown blotch Brown blotch Infestation Brown blotch Visual assessment of stem rot affected leaf area per plot Stem rot - Method Measure the height of 5 or 10 random Striga plants per experimental plot 9 weeks after planting and record the average height for the experimental plot Striga- Height of Striga - Method Pod yield Pod PODWT Weight of harvested pods Yield Visual rating of wilting/stunting/health 3 weeks after root-clip-dip innoculation with Fusarium race 3 Fusarium wilt Race 3 - Method Shape of the seed Grain Shape SeeSha Seed Shape g 1st order lateral root Number of roots in 5-10cm below soil surface region with a diameter greater than 1.5mm at 2cm from hypocotyl that are perpendicular to the tap root Number Number of tap laterals Visual rating of wilting/stunting/health 3 weeks after root-clip-dip innoculation Fusarium wilt Race 4 - Method 1-7 score Zinc concentration in the seed Zinc concentration Grain Zinc concentration ZNCONC RacPos Position of raceme Position Raceme position Raceme Plant vigour - Method Estimation of plant vigor based on the height and width of the plant 3-4 week after sowing Bacterial blight (X. vignicola) scoring - Method Visual rating of bacterial blight affected leaf area Storability Grain Grain storability Seed storability refers to the ability of seeds to remain viable and maintain their quality over a period of time when stored under a given condition. FUSWILTR3 Damage Fusarium wilt Race 3 damage Damage caused by Fusarium wilt Race 3 Fusarium wilt Race 3 Number Alectra per plot ALPERP Alectra ALPERPLT Grain Grain yield (kg)   Yield Yield in kilograms Count the number of adventitious roots Number of adventitious roots - Shovelomics Method Size of the grain for the targeted market or use Size for target market or use Grain Grain size for target use or market GraSizMarkUse Measure the mean length of 10 freshly opened, randomly selected calyx Calyx lobe length - Method Length Stipule length StiLen Stipule Measure of stipule length Count of pods on each peduncle on each of ten plants at MAT95 Pods per peduncule - Method Immature pod pigmentation - Method Pattern of pigment distribution on full grown immature pods lateral roots Number of nodes on main stem - Method Count of nodes on main stem per plant 3 - 4 weeks after sowing. Mean of 10 randomly selected plants cm Drought induced senescence Plant senescence due to drought FLDSN Drough induced senescence Plant Septoria - Method Visual rating of Septoria affected leaf area number Striga Date of emergence Date of Striga emergence Date of Striga emergence STREM Visual classification of flower colour in the experimental plot Flower color - Method Fresh pod - Method Record Weight fresh mature pod from a plot nodes Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) Resistance to Striga gesnerioides Plant parasited by Striga Resistance to Striga gesnerioides parasitic weed. Number STRRES Visual rating of overal frequency and severity of the Blackeye mosaic virus infection Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus - Method Seed Shape - Method Visual rating of the shape of the seed at maturity 1-5 visual score 0-7 score Measurement of chlorophyll using a chlorophyll SPAD meter between 8am -10am as per manufacturers instructions Chlorophyll content - Method Visual assessment of pithium infested plant per plot Phytium Infestation - Method Eye EyeCol The color of the eye Eye colour Colour Adventitious root Number of adventitious roots BasRtNo Number Number of basal region roots Thickness Seed thickness Tickness of the seed Grain SeeThi Averaged weigh of 5 or 10 random Striga plants per experimental plot No method name found Thrip damage to stipules - Method Trait assessed by visual rating of stipule necrosis at 40 DAP 1-7 score Visual rating of leaf affected by smut Smut - Method Stipule length - Method Mean length of stipules from 5 randomly selected plants from the plot experimental unit Average the weight of 10 randomly selected plants at 50% flowering Yield of green matter - Method g Overall variety assessment/observation Overall Performance Overall performance Plant Nodule fresh weight - Method Average fresh Weight of nodule from 10 plants per experimental unit Take a 500 g sample of green plant. Measure the fresh weight then oven dry the sample and measure the dry weight of the sample. Calculate the ratio dry weight per fresh weight Percentage dry weight - Method mg/kg The texture of the testa Texture Testa Testa texture TesTex MARUCA Pod damage caused by Maruca (insect) attack Maruca Maruca damage Damage mm Striga infestation Plot infested with Striga gesnerioides Incidence Striga SIP Grain Taste of the grain Grain taste taste 0-4 visual score 1-9 visual score Grain Yield Harvested grain weight Grain yield GrYld Number of seed per pod SEEDPOD Seed per pod Seed Number per pod Number of adventitious roots Adventitious root AdvNo Number Number of adventitious roots days Flowering time Flowering time FlwT Flowering time Plant Seed coat SDCOLOR Color Seedcoat color Seed coat color Height of Striga Striga AHS Height Striga- Height of Striga Presence/absence of V-mark on leaflets Leaf marking LeaMar Presence of V-mark Leaf Severity of symptoms caused by viruses Severity Virus Severity Virus VIRSEV basal roots 1-5 score undefined scale lateral roots Fodder biomass i.e., above ground biomass excluding the pods, at 50% Flowering FODMID Fodder Dry biomass at flowering Fodder biomass at Flowering 0-4 score Estimated resistance to pests observed in the field Past resistance Plant PlPestRes Pest resistance  0-4 visual score mm days Grain Protein content of the grain Grain protein content Protein content PROTEIN Overall variety assessment/observation compared to the locam variety Overall performance vs local Plant Overall vs Local   plants GraiSiz Size Grain Grain size   Size of the grain Visual rating of diabrotica per plot Diabrotica - Method Visual rating of leaf vein scarring Foliar thrip damage - Method Color Grain sucrose content Grain Sucrose content Grain sucrose content SUCROS Tolerance to the storage problems identified by user Grain storage problems tolerance Grain Storage problems tolerance Leaf rust infestation Leaf rust Infestation Infestation by Leaf rust LEAFRU Visual rating of affected leaf area Brown blotch - Method 1-5 visual score Visual assessment of web blight affected leaf area per plot Web blight - Method 0-4 visual score Plant Time to first mature pod Time elapsed of days from planting to first pod maturity Tto1MatPod Time to first mature pod PHOMA Infestation by phoma Phoma infestation Infestation Phoma Mean thickness of the 10 seeds measured for length - measured perpendicular to length and width Seed thickness - Method Ranking: 3 Number of plants infected by Alectra Number Plant parasited by Alectra PIA Alectra- Alectra infection 0-4 visual score strigas/plot scale_of Dry fodder weight Dry fodder weight Weight DFWT Dry fodder Resistance to Striga gesnerioides - Method Visual assessment of the presence of Striga plant per plot Peduncle length PedLen Length Peduncle Length of peduncules at full growth Pod Wall thickness PodWaiTh Tickness of pod wall Pod wall thickness 0-4 visual score racemes/plant Termite TRMTS Infestation Extent of the infestation by termites Termites infestation Count the number of plants infected by Striga in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Striga- Striga infection - Method Count the number of days between planting and the time when 50% of plants in a plot have flowered. The state of flowering is visually assessed in the field Days to 50% flowering - Method Basal root Basal root growth angle Angle of basal region roots ang bas Growth angle % % Alectra vogelii infestation Alectra ALCTRA Alectra Infestation number PodWdt Width of pods Pod Width Pod width Pod infestation by SCAB Scab Infestation on pod Pod scab infestation PODSCAB mm MACROPH Severity Severity of the symptoms caused by macrophomina Macrophomina Severity Macrophomina Flower Flower length Length Length of flowers StaLen Tto1stFlw Time to first flower Time to first flower Plant Time elapsed from planting to first flowering The shape of the pigment pattern which surrounds the hilum. The front of the hilum is the non-micropylar end. Pattern Eye pattern Eye EyePat Pigmentation of the plant part Plant Plant pigmentation Pigmentation PlaPig Visual rating of pod affected by scab Pod SCAB - Method Alectra - Date of First Alectra Emergence - Method Record the date at which the first Alectra emerged in the experimental plot Damage Lygus bug Lygus bug damage Damage caused by lygus bug LYGUSRES Visual assessment of pod damage per plot Pod sucking bug - Method 0-4 visual score plants infected Grain quality Grain Quality of the grain for marketability Quality Iron concentration ICONC Iron concentration in the seed Iron concentration Grain 5 classes 0-4 score Hypocotyl Length of the hypocotyl HypLen Hypocotyl length Length 0-4 visual score Count number of days from planting to the first appearance of flower in a plot Days to first flower - Method Count the number of Alectra in the experimental plot at weekly interval after first emergence up to maturity Alectra- Alectra plants per week - Method Weight of harvested pods from a plot Pod yield per plot - Method Height CANOPYHT Canopy Height Canopy Canopy Height Visual assessment of the resistance to thrips Thrips Resistance - Method Color 0-7 score Yield (qualitative) yield (qualitative) Plant Yield estimated considering pods and grains harvested from the plant with a comparative ranking of varieties Count the number of 1st order lateral roots (not including the basal root) Branching density 5-10 - Shovelomics Method PlAbiotRes Abiotic stress tolerance  Abiotic Stress tolerance Plant Estimated resistance to Abiotic stress observed in the field M. javanica root knot nematode M. javanica root knot nematode Damage caused by M. javanica root knot nematode Damage RootNemRes 1-9 nodulation score Septoria Severity of the symptoms caused by Septoria Septoria severity Severity SEPT Pigment bleeding Seedcoat pigment bleeding Pigment bleeding EYELEAK Seed coat Weight STRGDRWT Striga STRGDR Striga dry weight Seed width - Method Mean width from hilum to keel of the 10 seeds measured for length mm Seed crowding - Method Visual assessment of seed compression within the pod PODLNGTH Length of pods Length of pods Length Pod Average the weight of 5 or 10 random plants per experimental plot Alectra- Weight of Alectra - Method Disease Resistance Disease resistance  Estimated resistance to diseases observed in the field PlDisRes Plant Number 1st order lateral root Number of 1st order lateral roots whithout counting basal region roots Branching density BrnchDen Visual rating of the color of the eye Eye colour - Method Grain yield of a single plant - Method Actual measurement of the weight of the grain harvested from a representative plant of a plot ZNCONC Zinc concentration Zinc concentration Leaf Zinc concentration in the leaf Assessing the incidence of aphids by determining the percentage of plants in each experimental plot that is infested at 10, 20 and 30 days after seedling emergence. Aphid incidence - Method 1-3 score TwiTend Plant Twinning tendency Twinning tendency Twinning tendency NodNo Nodule Number Nodule number Number of nodules Visual rating of the leaf appearance Leaf texture - Method DMDig Plant Digestibility of green fodder Dry matter digestability Dry matter digestibility Maturity time Plant MatTim Time of maturity after planting Maturity time Number Number of nodes NumNodMainSte Number of nodes Node 0-8 score Visual recording of the texture of the testa Testa texture - Method Bacterial blight (X. vignicola) severity BCTBLT Severity Severity of the bacteria blight symptoms caused by X. vignicola Bacterial blight Cooking time - Method Time taken for dry grain to soften in boiling water Number Plant parasited by Striga PLSTRG Number of plant infested by Striga Plant infected with Striga Plant hairiness Hairiness PlaHair Presence of hair on plant Plant 0-4 visual score TerLEASh Terminal leaflet shape Terminal leaflet Shape Shape of terminal leaflet Nodule count - Method Average number of nodules from 10 plants per experimental unit Pode emergence time Time to pod Emergence Plant Time to pod emergence DFRSTPO Number of racemes Raceme Number NumRacPla Number of racemes Severity Pod sucking bug severity Severity of pod sucking bug symptoms Pod sucking bug PODSB Recorded for the terminal leaflet of a young, mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing Terminal leaflet shape - Method THRS Grain Threshability How easy it is to separate the seed from the shafts Threshability Pod attachment to peduncle - Method Recorded when pods are full grown 0-1 score Comparative ranking by users method Ranking of phenotypes based on field observations/on testing of food products ​ g Colour Color of dry pod Dry pod Dry pod color DRYPODCOL Stem diameter Diameter stemD Stem diameter Stem cm 0-5 score ImmPodPig Pigmentation of immature pod Immature pod Pigmentation Immature pod pigmentation Width Stipule width Measure of stipule width Stipule StiWid mm PSTAND Number of plants plot unit at harvest Plant stand at harvest Plant Number cm mm 0-4 visual score Plant height - Method Average the height of 5 to 10 plants per plot at maturity AphSev Severity of aphid infestation Aphid severity Aphid Severity Aphid incidence Incidence Aphid Incidence Score AphIS Aphid Visual evaluation of the percentage of pod damage when the pods are mature but still green Maruca damage - Method Weight of total leaf harvested per plot Total leaf - Method Basal roots Cercospora - Method Visual rating of cercospora affected leaf area Growth habit - Method Visual recording of cultivar growth habit Evaluated in the 6th week after sowing Undefined scale g Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) 1-7 score 0-4 visual score NDLWT Nodule Weight Weight of nodule Nodule weight Seed crowding or compression, indicating the spacing within the pod SeeCro Seed crowding Grain Compression Visual rating based on a combination of varying intensities of browning of the stipules and flower buds, non-elongation of peducles, and flower bud abscission Flower thrip damage - Method Vigor Status of the plant Plant Plant vigour PlaVig When 50% of the plant in a plot have at least one flower, randomly select 5 plants, measure the height from soil surface to top of canopy and compute the average Canopy Height at FLOW50 - Method FODMAT Fodder biomass i.e., above ground biomass excluding the pods, at 90% maturity Biomass at Maturity Fodder Dry biomass at maturity PODPED Number per peduncle Pods per peduncule Number of pods per peduncles Pod 0-1 score Dead plant proportion Dead plant Proportion Proportion of dead plant PDEADP Number of larger adventittious roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of adventitious roots with diameter greater than 1.5 mm at 2cm hypocotyl Harvest index - Method Calculated by making the ratio of PLOT grain weight total BIOMASS weight at Harvest Nodule dry weight - Method Average dry weight of nodule from 10 plants per experimental unit Visual rating of phoma affected plant per plot Phoma - Method Seedcoat color - Method Visual assessment of seedcoat colour Striga count at harvest - Method Count number of striga plant in the experimental plot at harvest plants Degree 0-4 visual score Visual assessment of newly opened flower pigmentation Flowering pigment pattern - Method The level of infestation is assessed on 30 stands per plot (five stands per row at fixed intervals to avoid bias) and scores averaged. Aphid severity - Method 1-3 score Recorded when peduncles have reached full length Raceme position - Method Harvested grain weight Yield Grain YLDPLOT Grain yield per plot Termites - Method Visual assesment of overall occurence and severity of termite damage Yield (quantitative) Grain Yield measured with a quantitative unit (kg, t, etc) Yield (quantitative)  Number of striga emerged StrNo Striga Number of Striga Number Thrip damage to podset - Method Visual rating of the reduction in pods per plant under thrip pressure compared to control overall podset Phytium infestation Extent of the infestation by Pythium PHYTM Phytium Infestation Seedcoat texture Texture SDTEXT Seedcoat Seed coat Damage BACTPUST Bacteria pustule Damage caused by bacteria pustule Bacteria pustule 1-5 visual score Date of Striga emergence - Method Record date on which first Striga emergence is noticed in a plot roots 0-4 visual score Undefined scale Protein content of sample grain Protein - Method Leaf colour - Method Visual rating of the intensity of the leaf color g mm Capacity for re-growth - Method Measure the weight of green matter in grams at 50% flowering after the accession has been cut at six week stage Leaf protein content Protein content of the leaf PROTEIN Protein content Grain Growth pattern - Method Visual observation of growth pattern Leaf/stem ratio Weight of leaves divided by weight of other parts of shoot Leaf-stem ratio LeaSteRat Plant g Plot infected with Striga - Method Visual assessment of the presence of emerged Striga plant per plot Visual assessment of degree of senescence following imposed drought Drought induced senescence - Method 1-3 classes Estimate the average number of pods per peduncle under insect-protected and droughted conditions Floral abscision score - Method TerLeaWid Terminal leaflet width The widest dimension of the terminal leaflet whose shape Width Terminal leaflet Infestation LFSPT Leaf spot Leaf spot infestation Leaf spot infestation Visual recording of the twinning tendency of the plant Twinning tendency - Method 0-4 visual score TerLeaLen Length of terminal leaflet whose shape was recorded Terminal leaflet Length Terminal leaflet length Divide the plot grain yield by the number of plants in the plot Grain yield per plant - Method Average number of seeds per pod from 20 random pod samples per plot Seed per pod - Method SPAD units Presence - absence Visual, rough or smooth or intermediate Seedcoat - Method 0-6 score Time needed for cowpea sample to cook Cooking time Grain Cooking time CKTME Alectra- Height of Alectra - Method Measure the height of 5 or 10 random Alectra plants per experimental plot 9 weeks after planting and record the average height for the experimental plot % branches Grain Number of germinated seeds GermRat Germination rate Germination rate g Pod curvature PodCur Curvature of th pod Pod Curvature index Measure peduncules when they have grown full length. Mean length of 10 peduncles, one from each of 10 randomly selected plants Peduncle length - Method Seed length Average length of seeds SeeLen Length Grain Biomass at Maturity - Method Trait measured by cutting 10 plants at ground level per plot at at 90% plant maturity, oven drying and weighing biomass g Thrips Damage on leaf FOLTHRIP Foliar thrip damage Foliar thrip damage Weight of green matter in grams at 50% flowering after the accession has been cut at six week stage Capacity for re-growth CapReGro Plant Capacity for re-growth g days Splitting of testa Testa SplTes Splitting Splitting of the testa Infestation by diabrotica Diabrotica Diabrotica DIABRT Infestation Severity of the symtoms caused by cowpea blackeye mosaic virus Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus Severity Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus severity BLCMV Number of racemes per plant - Method Mean of racemes in 10 randomly selected plants Iron concentration in the leaf Iron concentration ICONC Iron concentration Grain Plant stand at emergence Plant Number GERM Number of plants germinated within one week after planting THRIPSTIP Thrip damage to stipules Damage on stipule Flower thrip damage to stipules Thrips 1-9 visual score 1-7 score Visual rating of leafspot per plot Leaf spot - Method mg/kg Number of larger tap laterals - Shovelomics Method Count the number of roots in 5-10 cm below soil surface region DYSTRGEM Striga Days to Striga Emergence DYSTRG Date of emergence Weight of seeds Seed Seed weight SdWt Weight Nodule score - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of the number of nodule per plant Leaf colour Leaf LeaCol Intensity of green Colour of the leaf Colour Weight of dry fodder harvested on an experimental plot Dry fodder weight - Method Grain yield per plot - Method Actual measurement of the weight of the grain harvested from a plot Degree of seedcoat pigment discoloration following boiling water treatment for 5 minutes compared to standards Pigment bleeding - Method 7 classes 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score Visual estimation of portion of plant infected by virus per plot Virus Incidence - Method Visual rating of extent of aphid infestation Aphid resistance - Method 1-5 score Pod per plant Pod Number of pods per plant Number per plant PODPLA Pattern mm cm Anthracnose - Method Visual rating of Anthracnose affected leaf area Fresh fodder Weight FFWT Weight of fresh fodder Fresh fodder weight Visual assessment of 3 order branching density 3rd order branching density - Shovelomics Method Pick young succulent leaves from experimental plot beginning 3rd week after planting, and at weekly interval thereafter and stop harvesting when 50% of plants in the plot have started to flower. Weigh the amount of leaves harvested leaves each week. Total weight of leaves - Method Tap root diameter Diameter Tap root diameter Root RtDiam Basal root growth angle - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of the angle of basal region roots Average length of ten mature pods per plot Length of pods - Method Visual rating of leaf rust affected plant per plot Leaf rust - Method plants infected Leaf marking - Method Visual rating of the presence or absence of the V-mark on the leaf Web blight WEBB Damage caused by WEB BLIGHT Web blight damage Damage Virus Incidence Virus VIRINC Incidence Proportion of plant infected by virus Visual rating of leaf affected by scab Leaf scab - Method Count the number of branches whose origin is in the leaf axils on the main stem - recorded in the 8th week after sowing. Mean of 10 randomly selected plants Number of main branches - Method Pod colour - Method Visual assessment of the colour of the pod at maturity 0-9 rating score DFAE Alectra Alectra - Date of First Alectra Emergence Date of the first Alectra emergence Date of emergence Leaf/stem ratio - Method Measure weight of leaves and other parts of the shoot and calculate the ratio Undefined scale Weight Weight of Alectra Weight of Alectra AWA Alectra days Flower color Flower FLOWCOL Colour Flower color method_of 1-9 score mg/g Mean of 10 mature seeds excluding those from the extremities of pods Seed length - Method 3 classes Measure the mean of stem diameter at soil level of 10 plants per experimental plot Stem diameter - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of the splitting of testa Splitting of testa - Method mm Striga tolerance Striga tolerance  Plant PlStrigRes Estimated resistance to Striga observed in the field Number of main branches Number of main branches NumMaiBra Main branch Number Damage Leafhopper Damage caused by leafhopper (Empoasca) Leafhopper (Empoasca) damage EmpRes FUSWILTR4 Damage Fusarium wilt Race 4 damage Fusarium wilt Race 4 Damage caused by Fusarium wilt Race 4 Plants dead - Method Count number of plants dead per plot Pod attachment to peduncle PodAtt Attachment to peduncle Attachment of the pod to the peduncle Pod PerDryWei Plant Plant dry weight content Plant matter content Dry matter content g/plant plants Weigh of fresh fodder harversted from experimental plot Fresh fodder weight - Method Count the number of 1st order lateral roots between 10 and 15 cm Branching density 10-15 - Shovelomics Method Number of basal region roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of basal region roots 0-4 score strigas/plot 0-5 score mm Counting sampled plots for % dead plant Dead plant per plot - Method 1-5 color scale 0-4 visual score Leaf appearance LeaTex Leaf Texture Leaf texture Maruca damage - Method Visual rating of damage caused by maruca (insect) Severity Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus severity Severity of the symtoms caused by cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus CAMV Terminal leaflet length - Method Measure the length of the leaflet of the young , mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing whose shape was recorded Weight of harvested leaves Harvested leaf TWL Weight Harvested leaf weight alectra/plot 3BD 3 order branching density 3rd order branching Density 3rd order branching density 1 - 2 score minutes g Bacteria pustule - Method Visual rating of bacteria pustule affected leaf area No method name found Count the number of Alectra in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Plant hairiness - Method Visual observation of the presence of hairs on stems, leaves and pods Pct alectra/plot Count number of days from planting to first appearance of pod per plot First pods emergence - Method Calyx lobe length CaLobLen Flower Flower calyx lobe length Calyx lobe length Tap root diameter at 5 - Shovelomics Method Measure the mean of tap diameter 5cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Visual rating of overal frequency and severity of the aphid-borne mosaic virus infection Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus - Method Hypocotyl length - Method Mean of 10 plants per experimental unit (in mm) 0-4 visual score Pod per plant - Method Count the number of pod on 10 plants from experimental plot and compute the average Thrips THRIPFLOW, FOLTHRIP Flower thrip damage to stipules, flower buds and peduncles Flower thrip damage Damage on flower Terminal leaflet width - Method Measure the widest dimension of the terminal leaflet whose shape was recorded (young , mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing) Pod wall thickness - Method Visual assessment of the tickness of the pod wall Tap root diameter at 15 - Shovelomics Method Measure the mean of tap diameter 15cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Number of basal region roots Number AdvNo Number of adventitious roots Basal root variable_of Pod colour Pod Colour of the pod Colour PodCol mm strigas/plot g Visual observation of the shape of the seed Seed shape - Method Striga - Method Visual rating of affected plot area Flower FloPigPat Pigmentation pattern Flowering pigment pattern Pigmentation pattern of newly opened flowers adventitious roots Standard length - Method Measure the mean length of 10 freshly opened, randomly selected standard petals mm Attachment of testa - Method Visual assessment of the testa to the seed Recorded for stem, branches, petioles and peduncles in the 6th week after sowing Plant pigmentation - Method Measure the mean of tap diameter 10cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Tap root diameter at 10 - Shovelomics Method Pod width - Method Mean width of the 10 mature pods per plot that are measured for length 1-7 score Hills - Method Count number of hill per plot having at least one plant Leafhopper (Empoasca) resistance - Method Visual rating of the extend of leafhopper damage to cowpea on experimental plot basis around 25-30 days after seedling emergence. It is done SMUT Smut infestation Smut Infestation Infestation by Smut days 1-5 visual score Stipule width - Method Mean width of stipules from 5 randomly selected plants from the plot experimental unit Cercospora Damage caused by Cercospora Damage Cercospora CRCSP 0-4 score adventitious roots Visual observation of the color of the dry pod Color of dry pod - Method Reading of the blood testing device Use of diagram illustrating eye pattern (IITA Genetic Resource Center) Eye pattern - Method Days to 95% maturity - Method Number of days from planting to when 95% of plants have mature pods. The maturity stage is visually assessed Weight of 100 random seeds at 12% moisture 100 seed weight - Method Count the number of basal root with greater than 1.5 mm at 2cm from hypocotyl Number of larger basal roots - Shovelomics Method Infestation by Leaf scab Leaf scab infestation LEAFSC Scab Infestation on leaf pods/plants Of mature pods Pod curvature - Method seed/pod Visual assessment of the angle of advantitious roots Adventitous root growth angle - Shovelomics Method 0-6 score cm number Count number of plants emerged in the experimental plot one week after planting Plant stand at emergence - Method g Visual rating of presence/absence of Alectra Alectra - Method g % 1-9 density score Growth habit g 0-4 visual score Count the number of Striga in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Total Striga plants at 9 weeks- Method Visual evaluation of the degree of podding when the pods are mature but still green Maruca resistance - Method Quality of the leaf for consumption at harvest Leaf Leaf Quality for consumption Quality 0-4 visual score Alectra- Alectra infection - Method Count the number of plants infected by Alectra in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score g g 0-4 visual score Visual rating of the average pod set under unprotected, lygus infested conditions Lygus bug - Method Striga- Striga plants per week - Method Count the number of Striga in the experimental plot at weekly interval after first emergence up to maturity By counting the number of plants in an experimental plot at harvest Plant stand - Method ratio