BasRtAng_Est_ IITA Ousmane Boukar Extensive 7 IITA StrgWt_Av_g Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA NodNo_Est_1to9 5 distinct browning/drying of stipules and leaf or flower buds - some bud abscission 2 2 pods/peduncle Ousmane Boukar BBSev_Est_0to4 IITA AnthrDam_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 3 Semi-crowded (slight flattering of seed ends) Ousmane Boukar IITA TLfLng_Meas_mm Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside StrRes_Est_1to5 StrParPlnt_Est_1to5 3 Lowest rank Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside BiomDWtMat_Av_g 2 moderte wilting and necrosis 7 O 0 Absent Crowded (marked compression of seed ends 5 Muhammad Lawan Umar IAR, Samaru IConcSd_AAS_mgkg Ousmane Boukar IITA ZnConcLf_AAS_mgkg 2 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside FlwAbsc_Est_0to4 PodWdt_Av_cm IITA Ousmane Boukar E 2 IITA Ousmane Boukar MBrnchNo_Av_Brnch 3 Pigmented valves, green sutures 2 moderate symptoms Ousmane Boukar IITA ThrpDamFlw_Est_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar WebBDam_Est_1to5 Other 6 Ousmane Boukar IITA GrProtCt_Meas_mgg 7 5 41-50% pod damage EyePat_Est_0to8 Ousmane Boukar IITA 2 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 W 1 no symptoms 0 GrYld_PerPlot_g IITA YLDPLOT Ousmane Boukar LfQlCons_CompRank_Rk3 NodNo_Comp_NodPlot IITA Ousmane Boukar 0 Absent plant dead or near death 4 Ousmane Boukar IITA BrnchDen_5to10Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar IITA AdvRtNo_LargeCount_Rt 1 mild infestation IITA Ousmane Boukar PlntHair_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar ImPodPig_Est_0to6 IITA Ousmane Boukar PodPlnt_Av_PodPlnt IITA Ousmane Boukar StrRes_Est_1to5 StrParPlnt_Est_1to5 IITA 1 very slight wilting 1 ‚Kidney Ousmane Boukar Tto1Flw_Count_d IITA 4 4 pods/peduncle 3 initiation of browning of stipules, leaf or flower buds - no bud abscission SdCPat_Est_1to6 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside 2 moderte wilting and necrosis 9 large continuous colonies (>500 aphids) 0 infestation GSucrCt_Meas_Read IITA Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar PodAtt_Est_1to7 IITA StmDia_Av_ Ousmane Boukar IITA 5 Intermediate green Ousmane Boukar IITA AdvRtNo_Count_Rt Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside AphDam_Est_0to4 AlHt_Av_cm Ousmane Boukar IITA Dark green 7 1 IITA Ousmane Boukar CapReGro_Meas_g IITA YLDPLOT GrYld_Plnt_g Ousmane Boukar PodYld_Wgh_g Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside SdCCol_Est_1to7 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside ‚Globose 1 heavy infestation 3 Ousmane Boukar IITA HvstLfWt_Sum_g Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside ChlCt_Meas_Score ‚Sub-hastate 3 1 Testa firmly attached to seed 1 no visible damage Low 1 LfThripDam_Est_undefined Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside LfRustInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA YldQual_CompRank_Rk3 2 6 2 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside SdCTex_Est_1to3 IITA SplTest_Est_0or1 Ousmane Boukar SdPod_Av_sdpod UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers TapLatNo_Count_Rt IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA SdLng_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar Non-vigorous (height less than 37 cm and width less than 75 cm 3 no infected leaves (very resistant) 1 2 IITA AlctWt_Av_g Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA PlntStHvst_Count_Plnt IITA PlntPig_Est_0to9 Ousmane Boukar no infestation 0 Ousmane Boukar MarDam_EstSymp_1to4 IITA Membranous 3 Ousmane Boukar AlecNo_CountWk_Alec IITA IITA Ousmane Boukar DFodWt_Week_g IITA BasRtNo_LargeCount_Rt Ousmane Boukar 3 80-90% pod damage 9 TwTnd_Est_0to7 IITA Ousmane Boukar 4 4 no pods 0 2 moderate infestation IITA NodWt_DryAv_g Ousmane Boukar heavy devastating infestation 4 3 high medium aphid numbers Ousmane Boukar IITA Tto1MatPod_Count_d IITA BECMVSev_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar few striga emerged (moderately resistant) 2 mild infestation 1 IITA DMCt_Comp_Pct Ousmane Boukar Extremely crowded (seed width greater than seed length) 7 IITA AlecNo_Count9Wk_Alec Ousmane Boukar IITA LfProtCt_Meas_mgg Ousmane Boukar ‚Hastate 4 Ousmane Boukar 100SDWT IITA SdWt_Wgh_g 0 no pods C 2 TesText_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA 7 up to 15% peduncles bare Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside CanHt_Meas_cm Ousmane Boukar IITA FlwLng_Av_mm moderate symptoms 2 1 a few individual aphids (1-4 aphids) no symptoms 0 IITA FlwPigPat_Est_0to6 Ousmane Boukar 4 heavy devastating severity ZnConcSd_AAS_mgkg Muhammad Lawan Umar IAR, Samaru Short appressed hairs 5 Present 1 no symptoms 0 4 heavy infestation 3 PigBleed_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside JRtNemDam_Est_undefined Ousmane Boukar IITA StrigRes_CompRank_Rk3 1 mild infestation FlwCol_Est_1to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside 8 ‚Other 2 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside BiomDWtFlw_Av_g SdThck_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA moderate symptoms 2 moderate infestation 2 6 M O 4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside FusWltR3_Est_0to4 mild infestation 1 Ousmane Boukar IITA NodWt_FrshAv_g DisRes_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar MarDam_EstDeg_1to9 IITA 7 IITA AlecParPlnt_Count_Alec Ousmane Boukar CookT_Meas_min Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside 2 2 pods/peduncle 1 Mostly above canopy Ousmane Boukar MatT_1PCount_d IITA Ousmane Boukar LfStR_Comp_r IITA Ousmane Boukar GwtPat_Est_1or2 IITA Ousmane Boukar LfTex_Est_1to3 IITA Ousmane Boukar GrYld_PerPlnt_gPlnt IITA YLDPLANT P 6 4 Bl mild symptoms 1 PodCol_Est_1to3 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside 6 5 Completely pigmented 0 Not crowded (no compression of seed ends) IITA HvstLf_Wgh_g Ousmane Boukar IITA EyeCol_Est_0to9 Ousmane Boukar 2 Pigmented margins on wing and standard 1 mild infestation StrEmDat_Meas_Date Ousmane Boukar IITA IITA SmutInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar Pubescent to hirsute 7 attribute In upper canopy 2 IITA TapRtDia_10Av_mm Ousmane Boukar GrSizUsorMark_CompRank_Rk3 5 no infestation 0 6 plant dead or near death 4 4 4 pods/peduncle Ousmane Boukar 3BrnchDen_Est_1to9 IITA IITA Ousmane Boukar RacNo_Av_RacPlnt Smooth to rough 3 4 Wing with pigmented upper margin - standard is pigmented StrgHt_Av_cm Ousmane Boukar IITA Pale tan or straw 1 Ousmane Boukar StplLng_Meas_mm IITA DMDig_Meas_undefined Ousmane Boukar IITA CAMVSev_Est0to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside IITA PhytmInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar Other 5 purple broth 3 2 few striga emerged (moderately resistant) IITA YLDPLOT Ousmane Boukar 1 very slight wilting Straight 0 9 ‚Mottled and speckled (Victor) IITA TermInf_Est_undefined MatT_95MatCount_days Ousmane Boukar IITA PodLng_Av_cm Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside IITA PedLng_Comp_cm Ousmane Boukar No leaf tip senescence 0 None 0 8 ‚Small eye (eye has a distinct margin, but is E smaller than Holstein group) 4 no infestation 0 Ousmane Boukar PodFWt_Meas_g IITA IITA StrParPlnt_Count_Plnt Ousmane Boukar ThrpDamStpl_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside 4 heavy devastating infestation IITA Ousmane Boukar FFodWt_Meas_g Testa not firmly attached to seed 0 IITA VirSev_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA AlecInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar GermRat_CompRank_3 BasRtNo_Count_Rt Ousmane Boukar IITA severe yellowing of the leaves followed by drying of leaf tips and leaf margins - characteristic hopper burn observed 7 8 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 5 0 ‚Eye absent (white, cream) IITA Ousmane Boukar LfScbInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA StrNo_Count9Wk_Striga 1 most (>60%) peduncles bare (i.e. no pods) IITA Str1EmDat_Meas_Date Ousmane Boukar 71-80% pod damage 8 1 broth with slight red color IITA PhomaInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA TLfWdt_Meas_mm AlecEmDat_Meas_Date Ousmane Boukar IITA 3 ‚Crowder Ousmane Boukar CaLobLng_Av_mm IITA broth clear 0 heavy infestation 3 Ousmane Boukar IITA BrBltchInf_Est_0to4 IITA AttTes_Est_0to1 Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar TapRtDia_15Av_mm IITA heavy devastating infestation 4 5 Intermediate heavy infestation 3 Ousmane Boukar DFodYd_Comp_kgha IITA 2 moderate symptoms FusWltR4_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside Acute erect (branches form acute angles with main stem) 1 BactPustDam_Est_1to5 IITA Ousmane Boukar LfMk_Est_0or1 IITA Ousmane Boukar SeptSev_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 2 0 no infestation Br 3 3 3 pods/peduncle MarDam_EstPct_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar 1 no infected leaves (very resistant) ThripResFlw_Est_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar SdWdt_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA GrStorProbRes_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar PodSBSev_Est_0to4 IITA ‚Mottled (dark brown pigment typically Absent around hilum) 8 1 mild symptoms S 4 IITA AphSev_EstComp_0to9 Ousmane Boukar ‚Ovoid 2 7 ‚Speckled (even distribution of fine speckling) Ousmane Boukar PodCol_Est_1to5 IITA DiabInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA PodScbInf_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 3 4 Black or dark purple many plant with several plant of striga emerged (Very susceptible) 5 Ousmane Boukar IITA PlntHt_Av_cm PodWThck_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar IITA heavy infestation 3 FlwT_FFlwCount_d Ousmane Boukar IITA very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 3 heavy infestation 3 Ousmane Boukar IITA NodeNo_Av_Node 1 no striga emerged (Very resistant) completely senesced 4 IITA SdCr_Est_0to7 Ousmane Boukar 5 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) Pronounced 7 HI_Comp_ratio Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside Dark brown 3 IITA PlntStEmg_Count_Plnt Ousmane Boukar StrInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA 3 heavy infestation 3 heavy infestation 0 no infestation 4 moderate infestation 2 Pendant 3 No infestation present 0 Low 1 VirSev_Est_Pct IITA Ousmane Boukar no infected leaves (very resistant) 1 AshStmR_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA 6 ‚Watson group (eye encircles the back of the hilum as a narrow ring, widens at the sides and spills over the non micropylar end of the seed withan indistinct margin. The extra width at the sidesof the hilum distinguishes this group from 3, narrow eye) (W) moderate infestation 2 GrStorab_CompRank_Rk3 ‚Holstein group (eye encircles the back of the hilum in a narrow ring, widens at the sides,and then extends margin of the eye is very distinct) (H) 5 R 5 5 Rough (fine reticulation) Not pigmented (white) 0 DPllntProp_Comp_Pct IITA Ousmane Boukar StrNo_CountHvst_Striga Ousmane Boukar IITA 0 no symptoms mild infestation 1 MacrophSev_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside IITA CrcspDam_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar 3 Semi-erect (branches perpendicular to main stem, but not touch ground) Solid 9 0 ‚Absent (A1) GrQual_CompRank_Rk3 SdSen_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside moderate infestation 2 infestation 0 5 ‚Blue to black R 2 8 4 many plants with striga emerged (susceptible) Throughout canopy 3 0 no symptoms 6 very slight wilting 1 1 low stipule necrosis heavy devastating infestation 4 3 heavy infestation 0 no symptoms Dark tan 2 2 mild symptoms 1 0 no pods Ousmane Boukar IITA StrNo_CountWk_Striga GrMarket_CompRank_Rk3 TermLftShp_Est_1to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 5 O IITA Thrs_Comp_Pct Ousmane Boukar no striga emerged (Very resistant) 1 heavy infestation 3 GrSiz_CompRank_Rk3 Rhomboid 5 heavy infestation 3 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) OvAllPerf_CompRank_Rk3 heavy devastating infestation 4 1 low aphid numbers 4 heavy devastating infestation Ousmane Boukar IITA RacPos_Est_1to3 Ousmane Boukar StplWdt_Meas_mm IITA heavy devastating severity 4 3 ‚Red heavy devastating severity 4 5 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 4 heavy devastating severity slight yellowing of the midrib - no cupping 3 M 3 IITA Ousmane Boukar SdShp_EstMat_0to5 a few isolated colonies (5-20 aphids) 3 2 11-20% pod damage Ousmane Boukar IITA FlwT_50FlwCount_days PodNo_Av_PodPed Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside MatTim-_CompRank_Rk3 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 2 moderate infestation T 2 1 BE 0 ‚None IITA AdvRtAng_Est_ Ousmane Boukar 6 61-70% pod damage 7 2 PodCurv_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA Moderate at the base and tips of petioles 3 1 Determinate (apical bud of main stem reproductive) 4 heavy devastating infestation Erect (branching angle less acute than above) 2 IITA EmpDam_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar HypLng_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA 1 Highest rank HillNo_Count_Hill Ousmane Boukar IITA 4 3 heavy infestation 6 large isolated colonies (101-500 aphids) 7 AphInc_Est_Pct Ousmane Boukar IITA DT 3 GrTast_CompRank_Rk3 PlntVig_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA P 3 IITA DPlntNo_Count_Plnt Ousmane Boukar ‚Tan Brown 2 3 high wilting and necrosis 1 many plants with striga emerged (susceptible) 4 6 IITA HvstLfWt_Meas_g Ousmane Boukar 6 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 TapRtDia_5Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar IConcLf_AAS_mgkg IITA YldQuant_CompRk_Rk3 1 Very slight Uniformly pigmented 5 1 1 pods/peduncle 1 pods/peduncle 1 4 2 H AbioStre_CompRank_Rk3 3 heavy infestation 2 moderate symptoms high wilting and necrosis 3 completely covered by aphids 4 BrnchDen_10to15Count_Rt IITA Ousmane Boukar No visible infection 0 8 5 Pigmented sutures 2 S 1 IITA FBMFlw_Av_g Ousmane Boukar 5 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 2 2 pods/peduncle 0-10% pod damage 1 heavy leaf senscence 3 occasional bare peduncles 9 2 moderate infestation GermTim_CompRank_Rk3 4 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 3 few plants with striga emerged (tolerant) 0 no infestation 5 SP 9 severe defoliation, followed by wilting, resulting in death of plants 4 2 Indeterminate 6 Very vigorous (height greater than 50 cm and width greater than 1 m) 9 3 3 pods/peduncle Cowpea ontology Other 6 2 moderate symptoms ‚Kabba group (Eye fills the narrow groove all around the hilum, and the body has some form of speckling. A blue halo is also found around the hilum) (K) 2 7 Erect 0 No visible infection 4 31-40% pod damage OvAllPerfvsLoc_CompRank_Rk3 No visible infection 0 moderate infestation 2 3 heavy infestation 4 ‚Green 6 4 heavy devastating infestation high stipule necrosis 3 4 heavy devastating severity moderate infestation 2 Middle rank 2 2 moderate infestation 2 moderte wilting and necrosis 5 several small colonies (21-100 aphids) 2 4 heavy infestation 3 no browning/drying (i.e. scaling) of stipules, leaf or flower buds - no bud abscission 1 4 3 heavy infestation Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside LygusBDam_Est_0to4 1 S 0 no stipule necrosis 4 heavy devastating infestation IITA StmRtDam_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar 1 Cariaceous 4 heavy devastating severity 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) UC Riverside ThrpDamPod_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers PestRes_CompRank_Rk3 5 many plant with several plant of striga emerged (Very susceptible) 0 no symptoms 1 mild symptoms Pale Green 3 mild infestation 1 mild symptoms 1 Wing pigmented - standard lightly pigmented 3 ‚Self coloured (eye covers entire seed) S 7 moderate infestation 2 moderate infestation 2 5 16-30% peduncles bare 2 6 ‚Blue to black spots or mottle IITA PodEmerT_1PCount_d Ousmane Boukar very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 I 3 1 mild symptoms Splashes of pigment 4 2 2 V many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 R 1 ‚Brown splash or gray 1 GrYld_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar IITA LfCol_Est_1to7 0 no infestation Slight 3 None 0 1 mild symptoms 4 heavy devastating severity Intermediate (height greater than 37cm or width greater than 75 cm 5 Intermediate (most lower branches touch the ground) 4 3 heavy infestation mild infestation 1 deep red broth 2 ‚Narrow eye (Hilum Ring. Eye fills the narrow groove around the hilum and spills out of this groove in front of the hilum for a short distance and has an indistinct front margin) (N) 3 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 4 0 no infestation no infected leaves (very resistant) 1 3 Glabrescent 31-60% peducles bare 3 8 4 2 moderate leaf senescence G 3 3 heavy infestation SdShp_Est_1to5 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside Pigmented tip 1 2 1 mild infestation 7 Vigorous (height greater than 37 cm and width greater than 75 cm) 3 few plants with striga emerged (tolerant) 9 very severe bud abscission, heavy browning/drying of stipules and buds - distinct non-elongation of (most or all) peduncles 4 4 pods/peduncle 6 high 9 Ousmane Boukar LfSptInf_Est_0to4 IITA 51-60% pod damage 6 7 serious bud abscission accompanied by browning/drying of stipules and buds - non-elongation of peduncles plant dead or near death 4 1 6 4 Globose pronounced yellowing at midrib and side veins - yellowing extends slightly between the veins - symptoms may or may not be associated with moderate cupping 5 1 3 21-30% pod damage 8 entity heavy infestation 3 high 9 1+ ‚Very Small ( A ) 1 no infestation 0 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 7 Coiled Slightly curved 3 8 2 Intermediate 4 K 30 - 90o down from erect 5 mild infestation 1 1 1 pods/peduncle 1 3 3 pods/peduncle Intermediate 5 high wilting and necrosis 3 mild infestation 1 minor leaf senescence 1 1 W GwthHab_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar IITA Smooth 1 4 4 6 4 heavy devastating infestation 7 Rough to wrinkled Wing pigmented - standard with light V-shaped pattern of pigment at top center 1 1 ‚Sub-globose 2 6 2 5 Curved infestation 0 medium stipule necrosis 2 2 moderate symptoms 4 complete stipule necrosis 8 9 Wrinkled (coarse folds on the testa) 1 4 heavy devastating infestation black broth 4 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 Present (testa split exposing cotyledons) 1 Semi-prostrate (main stem reaches 20 or more centimeters 6 Prostrate (plants flat on ground - branches spread several meters) 5 acronym mild infestation 1 0 no infestation 4 heavy devastating infestation 2 medium aphid numbers Counting sampled plots for % dead plant Dead plant per plot - Method Weigh of fresh fodder harversted from experimental plot Fresh fodder weight - Method Wall thickness Pod wall thickness Pod PodWaiTh Tickness of pod wall Severity of the symptoms caused by macrophomina MACROPH Macrophomina Severity Severity Macrophomina Stipule width Width Stipule StiWid Measure of stipule width Height Plant PTHT Plant height Plant height Severity of the symtoms caused by cowpea blackeye mosaic virus Severity Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus BLCMV Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus severity Overall performance Overall variety assessment/observation Overall Performance Plant Days to 95% maturity - Method Number of days from planting to when 95% of plants have mature pods. The maturity stage is visually assessed Eye colour - Method Visual rating of the color of the eye Number of racemes per plant - Method Mean of racemes in 10 randomly selected plants Ranking: 3 Cercospora Cercospora CRCSP Damage caused by Cercospora Damage Grain Seed crowding Seed crowding or compression, indicating the spacing within the pod SeeCro Compression Total weight of leaves - Method Pick young succulent leaves from experimental plot beginning 3rd week after planting, and at weekly interval thereafter and stop harvesting when 50% of plants in the plot have started to flower. Weigh the amount of leaves harvested leaves each week. Peduncle length - Method Measure peduncules when they have grown full length. Mean length of 10 peduncles, one from each of 10 randomly selected plants Percentage dry weight - Method Take a 500 g sample of green plant. Measure the fresh weight then oven dry the sample and measure the dry weight of the sample. Calculate the ratio dry weight per fresh weight Leafhopper (Empoasca) damage EmpRes Leafhopper Damage caused by leafhopper (Empoasca) Damage g 1-9 visual score 1-5 visual score Eye pattern - Method Use of diagram illustrating eye pattern (IITA Genetic Resource Center) Maruca damage - Method Visual evaluation of the percentage of pod damage when the pods are mature but still green DYSTRGEM Days to Striga Emergence Date of emergence DYSTRG Striga taste Taste of the grain Grain Grain taste mm roots Weight of Alectra Weight Alectra Weight of Alectra AWA Total leaf - Method Weight of total leaf harvested per plot Seed length Grain Average length of seeds Length SeeLen Count number of plants dead per plot Plants dead - Method Pod damage caused by Maruca (insect) attack Maruca Maruca damage Damage MARUCA 0-4 visual score 3 classes Damage Damage caused by Fusarium wilt Race 4 Fusarium wilt Race 4 damage Fusarium wilt Race 4 FUSWILTR4 Macrophomina Tolerance - Method Visual rating of severity and extent of macrophomina damage Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) BrnchDen Number Branching density 1st order lateral root Number of 1st order lateral roots whithout counting basal region roots 0-4 visual score 0-1 score g Number Alectra per plot Alectra ALPERPLT ALPERP Hills - Method Count number of hill per plot having at least one plant Severity of symptoms caused by viruses VIRSEV Virus Severity Virus Severity Brown blotch Brown blotch Infestation by Brown blotch Infestation BRBL number undefined scale Fusarium wilt Race 4 - Method Visual rating of wilting/stunting/health 3 weeks after root-clip-dip innoculation Leaf scab - Method Visual rating of leaf affected by scab Diameter Tap root diameter RtDiam Root Tap root diameter cm mg/kg Visual assessment of the angle of advantitious roots Adventitous root growth angle - Shovelomics Method Stem rot damage Stem rot Damage Damage caused by Stem rot STMRT DRYPODCOL Dry pod color Color of dry pod Dry pod Colour DTFLWRAB Floral abscision Number Pod Floral abscision Plant pigmentation - Method Recorded for stem, branches, petioles and peduncles in the 6th week after sowing lateral roots Degree Plant Plant hairiness Hairiness PlaHair Presence of hair on plant plants Color Seed coat color Seed coat Seedcoat color SDCOLOR Weight of harvested pods Pod yield Yield PODWT Pod strigas/plot Visual assessment of web blight affected leaf area per plot Web blight - Method SPAD units Pod curvature Curvature Curvature of th pod PodCur Pod 0-4 score Infestation Alectra Alectra vogelii infestation ALCTRA Alectra Trait assessed by visual rating of stipule necrosis at 40 DAP Thrip damage to stipules - Method Count the number of 1st order lateral roots (not including the basal root) Branching density 5-10 - Shovelomics Method ZNCONC Leaf Zinc concentration Zinc concentration in the leaf Zinc concentration Grain GraSizMarkUse Grain size for target use or market Size of the grain for the targeted market or use Size for target market or use 0-4 visual score ImmPodPig Immature pod pigmentation Pigmentation of immature pod Immature pod Pigmentation Position of raceme Raceme position Raceme RacPos Position cm Leaf Colour Leaf colour Intensity of green Colour of the leaf LeaCol Infestation Infestation by diabrotica Diabrotica Diabrotica DIABRT Pct Count number of days from planting to first appearance of mature pod in a plot Days to 1st pod maturity - Method Nodule score - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of the number of nodule per plant % Count the number of 1st order lateral roots between 10 and 15 cm Branching density 10-15 - Shovelomics Method Plot infected with Striga - Method Visual assessment of the presence of emerged Striga plant per plot Number of main branches - Method Count the number of branches whose origin is in the leaf axils on the main stem - recorded in the 8th week after sowing. Mean of 10 randomly selected plants Capacity for re-growth Capacity for re-growth Plant Weight of green matter in grams at 50% flowering after the accession has been cut at six week stage CapReGro Presence of V-mark LeaMar Presence/absence of V-mark on leaflets Leaf Leaf marking plants infected 0-4 visual score Pod PodWdt Width of pods Pod width Width Damage Lygus bug LYGUSRES Damage caused by lygus bug Lygus bug damage Pods per peduncule - Method Count of pods on each peduncle on each of ten plants at MAT95 Stem diameter Stem Stem diameter stemD Diameter Capacity for re-growth - Method Measure the weight of green matter in grams at 50% flowering after the accession has been cut at six week stage mg/g 1-7 score 1-7 score SeeSha Grain Shape of the seed Shape Seed Shape Number of basal region roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of basal region roots Visual recording of the twinning tendency of the plant Twinning tendency - Method Number of racemes NumRacPla Number Raceme Number of racemes CaLobLen Calyx lobe length Calyx lobe length Flower calyx lobe length Flower Number BasRtNo Adventitious root Number of basal region roots Number of adventitious roots 0-4 score Number per peduncle Pod Pods per peduncule PODPED Number of pods per peduncles Virus Incidence Proportion of plant infected by virus Incidence Virus VIRINC racemes/plant 0-4 visual score Plant PlDisRes Estimated resistance to diseases observed in the field Disease resistance  Disease Resistance Leaf marking - Method Visual rating of the presence or absence of the V-mark on the leaf Estimation of plant vigor based on the height and width of the plant 3-4 week after sowing Plant vigour - Method Infestation by Smut Infestation Smut infestation SMUT Smut minutes Number Number of hills having at least one plant Number of hills Hill HILLS Number Number of plants infected by Alectra Alectra- Alectra infection PIA Plant parasited by Alectra No method name found Count the number of Alectra in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Nodule fresh weight - Method Average fresh Weight of nodule from 10 plants per experimental unit Length Hypocotyl length HypLen Hypocotyl Length of the hypocotyl 1-9 visual score Marketability Quality of the grain for marketability Grain marketability  Grain Mean width of the 10 mature pods per plot that are measured for length Pod width - Method Thrips Flower thrip damage to stipules THRIPSTIP Thrip damage to stipules Damage on stipule 1-9 score 0-6 score Visual rating of wilting/stunting/health 3 weeks after root-clip-dip innoculation with Fusarium race 3 Fusarium wilt Race 3 - Method Damage FUSWILTR3 Damage caused by Fusarium wilt Race 3 Fusarium wilt Race 3 damage Fusarium wilt Race 3 adventitious roots cm 0-4 visual score Seedcoat - Method Visual, rough or smooth or intermediate mm variable_of 1-7 score Plant height - Method Average the height of 5 to 10 plants per plot at maturity 1-7 score Ranking of phenotypes based on field observations/on testing of food products ​ Comparative ranking by users method Termite Termites infestation Infestation TRMTS Extent of the infestation by termites CANOPYHT Canopy Canopy Height Height Canopy Height 1-5 visual score Number of plants plot unit at harvest Number Plant stand at harvest PSTAND Plant Visual rating of extent of aphid infestation Aphid resistance - Method Testa texture - Method Visual recording of the texture of the testa Terminal leaflet width - Method Measure the widest dimension of the terminal leaflet whose shape was recorded (young , mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing) Severity of the symptoms caused by Septoria Septoria Severity SEPT Septoria severity 0-5 score Dead plant Number of dead plants NDEADP Dead plant number Number Drought induced senescence Plant senescence due to drought FLDSN Drough induced senescence Plant Nodule Nodule number Number Number of nodules NodNo Aphid severity - Method The level of infestation is assessed on 30 stands per plot (five stands per row at fixed intervals to avoid bias) and scores averaged. mm Overall performance vs local Plant Overall variety assessment/observation compared to the locam variety Overall vs Local   Seed thickness - Method Mean thickness of the 10 seeds measured for length - measured perpendicular to length and width basal roots Colour Colour of the pod Pod colour Pod PodCol Estimated resistance to Abiotic stress observed in the field Abiotic stress tolerance  Plant PlAbiotRes Abiotic Stress tolerance Leaf texture - Method Visual rating of the leaf appearance Yield Harvested grain weight Grain YLDPLOT Grain yield per plot DFAE Alectra Date of the first Alectra emergence Date of emergence Alectra - Date of First Alectra Emergence PlStrigRes Estimated resistance to Striga observed in the field Striga tolerance Striga tolerance  Plant Extent of the infestation by Pythium Phytium infestation PHYTM Infestation Phytium mm Yield estimated considering pods and grains harvested from the plant with a comparative ranking of varieties Plant Yield (qualitative) yield (qualitative) Number of main branches NumMaiBra Number Main branch Number of main branches 1-3 score pods/peduncle Tickness of the seed Thickness SeeThi Grain Seed thickness Count the number of plants infected by Alectra in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Alectra- Alectra infection - Method EyePat Eye pattern Eye The shape of the pigment pattern which surrounds the hilum. The front of the hilum is the non-micropylar end. Pattern 0-8 score strigas/plot Nodule count - Method Average number of nodules from 10 plants per experimental unit Grain Grain sucrose content Sucrose content SUCROS Grain sucrose content Bacteria pustule - Method Visual rating of bacteria pustule affected leaf area 0-4 visual score 0-1 score Tto1MatPod Time elapsed of days from planting to first pod maturity Time to first mature pod Time to first mature pod Plant Average the weight of 5 or 10 random plants per experimental plot Alectra- Weight of Alectra - Method 1-4 score Number of Striga StrNo Number Number of striga emerged Striga Terminal leaflet length Length of terminal leaflet whose shape was recorded TerLeaLen Terminal leaflet Length g mm 0-4 visual score Date of Striga emergence - Method Record date on which first Striga emergence is noticed in a plot Weight of harvested pods from a plot Pod yield per plot - Method scale_of Yield (quantitative) Yield measured with a quantitative unit (kg, t, etc) Yield (quantitative)  Grain 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score days Maturity time Time of maturity after planting MatTim Maturity time Plant Leaf spot - Method Visual rating of leafspot per plot TwiTend Twinning tendency Twinning tendency Twinning tendency Plant Measure the length of the leaflet of the young , mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing whose shape was recorded Terminal leaflet length - Method 0-5 score Standard length - Method Measure the mean length of 10 freshly opened, randomly selected standard petals Reading of the blood testing device Plant pigmentation Plant PlaPig Pigmentation of the plant part Pigmentation 1-5 color scale Actual measurement of the weight of the grain harvested from a representative plant of a plot Grain yield of a single plant - Method g g g Terminal leaflet width Terminal leaflet The widest dimension of the terminal leaflet whose shape TerLeaWid Width First pods emergence - Method Count number of days from planting to first appearance of pod per plot Leaf spot infestation LFSPT Infestation Leaf spot Leaf spot infestation Seed length - Method Mean of 10 mature seeds excluding those from the extremities of pods Undefined scale The texture of the testa TesTex Testa Testa texture Texture Tto1stFlw Time elapsed from planting to first flowering Time to first flower Plant Time to first flower Pod sucking bug Severity Severity of pod sucking bug symptoms Pod sucking bug severity PODSB 1-5 score Severity of the bacteria blight symptoms caused by X. vignicola Bacterial blight Severity Bacterial blight (X. vignicola) severity BCTBLT Resistance to Striga gesnerioides - Method Visual assessment of the presence of Striga plant per plot Anthracnose Anthracnose damage Damage Anthracnose damage ATNSE Visual assessment of degree of senescence following imposed drought Drought induced senescence - Method Yield Yield in kilograms Grain Grain yield (kg)   Leaf/stem ratio - Method Measure weight of leaves and other parts of the shoot and calculate the ratio Damage on leaf Foliar thrip damage Foliar thrip damage Thrips FOLTHRIP % Dead plant proportion PDEADP Proportion of dead plant Proportion Dead plant 0-4 visual score 7 classes Visual assessment of stem rot affected leaf area per plot Stem rot - Method cm 1 - 2 score Visual observation of the shape of the seed Seed shape - Method FODMID Dry biomass at flowering Fodder biomass i.e., above ground biomass excluding the pods, at 50% Flowering Fodder Fodder biomass at Flowering % 0-6 score Plant Digestibility of green fodder Dry matter digestability DMDig Dry matter digestibility Number of larger tap laterals - Shovelomics Method Count the number of roots in 5-10 cm below soil surface region number mg/kg Plant Plant stand at emergence Number Number of plants germinated within one week after planting GERM mm Visual recording of cultivar growth habit Evaluated in the 6th week after sowing Growth habit - Method Actual measurement of the weight of the grain harvested from a plot Grain yield per plot - Method g g 1-9 score 0-4 visual score Splitting of testa Splitting Testa SplTes Splitting of the testa Measure the mean of tap diameter 15cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Tap root diameter at 15 - Shovelomics Method Flower Flower length Length of flowers StaLen Length Seedcoat Seed coat SDTEXT Seedcoat texture Texture Number of seed per pod Seed Seed per pod Number per pod SEEDPOD Maruca resistance - Method Visual evaluation of the degree of podding when the pods are mature but still green 1-9 rating scale branches Dry matter content Plant dry weight content Plant matter content Plant PerDryWei 0-4 visual score Grain size   Grain Size Size of the grain GraiSiz Plot infested with Striga gesnerioides SIP Striga infestation Striga Incidence Visual assessment of the resistance to thrips Thrips Resistance - Method Number of larger adventittious roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of adventitious roots with diameter greater than 1.5 mm at 2cm hypocotyl Striga Date of Striga emergence Date of emergence STREM Date of Striga emergence Visual rating of damage caused by maruca (insect) Maruca damage - Method Length of peduncules at full growth PedLen Length Peduncle length Peduncle plants infected Number Node NumNodMainSte Number of nodes Number of nodes Time to pod emergence Pode emergence time DFRSTPO Plant Time to pod Emergence 0-9 score Plant Growth habit Growth habit Type of growth habit GROHAB Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus severity Severity CAMV Severity of the symtoms caused by cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus 1-3 classes plants 1-5 visual score Leaf rust - Method Visual rating of leaf rust affected plant per plot Damage WEBB Web blight damage Web blight Damage caused by WEB BLIGHT nodes ang_ad Angle of adventitious roots Adventitous root growth angle Adventitious root Growth angle Terminal leaflet shape - Method Recorded for the terminal leaflet of a young, mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing Grain Cooking time Cooking time Time needed for cowpea sample to cook CKTME APHIDRES Aphid damage Damage caused by aphid in specialized nursery Damage Aphid Grain Grain storage problems tolerance Storage problems tolerance Tolerance to the storage problems identified by user Alectra - Date of First Alectra Emergence - Method Record the date at which the first Alectra emerged in the experimental plot Total above ground fresh biomass FBMFlw Plant Fresh biomass at flowering Fresh biomass at flowering % g Grain Storability Grain storability Seed storability refers to the ability of seeds to remain viable and maintain their quality over a period of time when stored under a given condition. Pod Fresh pod FRESHP Weight of fresh pod Fresh weight mm Visual observation of growth pattern Growth pattern - Method Damage to podset caused by thrips THRIPDAM Thrip damage to podset Thrips Damage on pod Pod Number of pods per plant Pod per plant PODPLA Number per plant Flower color - Method Visual classification of flower colour in the experimental plot 0-4 visual score Pest resistance  Plant Estimated resistance to pests observed in the field PlPestRes Past resistance 3rd order branching density - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of 3 order branching density Striga dry weight Weight Striga STRGDR STRGDRWT Leaf Leaf appearance Leaf texture LeaTex Texture Undefined scale index Yield Grain yield GrYld Grain Harvested grain weight Seed Shape - Method Visual rating of the shape of the seed at maturity Measure the height of 5 or 10 random Alectra plants per experimental plot 9 weeks after planting and record the average height for the experimental plot Alectra- Height of Alectra - Method Phytium Infestation - Method Visual assessment of pithium infested plant per plot FloPigPat Pigmentation pattern Pigmentation pattern of newly opened flowers Flower Flowering pigment pattern Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) Time taken for dry grain to soften in boiling water Cooking time - Method g Fresh pod - Method Record Weight fresh mature pod from a plot Splitting of testa - Method Visual assessment of the splitting of testa Resistance to Striga gesnerioides parasitic weed. STRRES Resistance to Striga gesnerioides Plant parasited by Striga Number Infestation on pod PODSCAB Pod scab infestation Pod infestation by SCAB Scab 1-7 score Flower thrip damage - Method Visual rating based on a combination of varying intensities of browning of the stipules and flower buds, non-elongation of peducles, and flower bud abscission Phoma - Method Visual rating of phoma affected plant per plot number Visual rating of the average pod set under unprotected, lygus infested conditions Lygus bug - Method Visual assessment of root M. javanica root knot nematode - Method 0-4 visual score Number of adventitious roots Adventitious root AdvNo Number Number of adventitious roots 1st order lateral root Number Number of tap laterals Number of roots in 5-10cm below soil surface region with a diameter greater than 1.5mm at 2cm from hypocotyl that are perpendicular to the tap root Count the number of pod on 10 plants from experimental plot and compute the average Pod per plant - Method g Infestation by phoma Infestation PHOMA Phoma infestation Phoma 0-4 score alectra/plot Bacteria pustule Damage caused by bacteria pustule Bacteria pustule BACTPUST Damage Pod curvature - Method Of mature pods Protein content of the grain Grain Grain protein content PROTEIN Protein content Seedcoat pattern Seed coat Seed coat pattern Pattern SDPATRN g Color Striga count at harvest - Method Count number of striga plant in the experimental plot at harvest When 50% of the plant in a plot have at least one flower, randomly select 5 plants, measure the height from soil surface to top of canopy and compute the average Canopy Height at FLOW50 - Method Pod wall thickness - Method Visual assessment of the tickness of the pod wall Alectra- Alectra plants per week - Method Count the number of Alectra in the experimental plot at weekly interval after first emergence up to maturity Plant hairiness - Method Visual observation of the presence of hairs on stems, leaves and pods Raceme position - Method Recorded when peduncles have reached full length Threshability - Method Percentage score of well polished seeds compared to others in the sample. Iron concentration Grain Iron concentration in the leaf ICONC Iron concentration Seed shape Grain Shape Seed shape SDSHAPE 3BD Density 3 order branching density 3rd order branching 3rd order branching density Mean of 10 plants per experimental unit (in mm) Hypocotyl length - Method Leaf-stem ratio LeaSteRat Plant Leaf/stem ratio Weight of leaves divided by weight of other parts of shoot Attachment of testa AttTes Attachment to the seed Attachment of the testa to the seed Testa Plant infected with Striga PLSTRG Number Plant parasited by Striga Number of plant infested by Striga SdWt Seed Weight Weight of seeds Seed weight Record the date at which the first Striga in the experimental plot emerged No method name found cm Growth angle Basal root Basal root growth angle Angle of basal region roots ang bas Visual rating of affected plot area Striga - Method Alectra- Height of Alectra AHA Height of Alectra Alectra Height GermRat Germination rate Grain Number of germinated seeds Germination rate Weight of dry fodder harvested on an experimental plot Dry fodder weight - Method Measure the height of 5 or 10 random Striga plants per experimental plot 9 weeks after planting and record the average height for the experimental plot Striga- Height of Striga - Method seed/pod Iron concentration ICONC Grain Iron concentration in the seed Iron concentration 0-4 visual score Visual rating of cercospora affected leaf area Cercospora - Method By counting the number of plants in an experimental plot at harvest Plant stand - Method 0-4 score Count the number of plants infected by Striga in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Striga- Striga infection - Method Bacterial blight (X. vignicola) scoring - Method Visual rating of bacterial blight affected leaf area Biomass at Flowering - Method Trait measured by cutting 10 plants at ground level per plot at 50% Flowering, oven drying and weighing biomass Nodule weight Weight NDLWT Weight of nodule Nodule Pattern PROTEIN Leaf protein content Grain Protein content Protein content of the leaf Visual rating of the reduction in pods per plant under thrip pressure compared to control overall podset Thrip damage to podset - Method Pod PodAtt Attachment to peduncle Attachment of the pod to the peduncle Pod attachment to peduncle Virus Severity - Method Visual rating of affected leaf area within a plot g Visual assessment of newly opened flower pigmentation Flowering pigment pattern - Method g Flower FLOWCOL Flower color Flower color Colour Visual rating of the intensity of the leaf color Leaf colour - Method SPAD Leaf Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content Visual rating of diabrotica per plot Diabrotica - Method Brown blotch - Method Visual rating of affected leaf area Average number of seeds per pod from 20 random pod samples per plot Seed per pod - Method Length PODLNGTH Pod Length of pods Length of pods Eye colour Colour Eye The color of the eye EyeCol 1-5 visual score Immature pod pigmentation - Method Pattern of pigment distribution on full grown immature pods Termites - Method Visual assesment of overall occurence and severity of termite damage 1-9 rating scale days 100 seed weight - Method Weight of 100 random seeds at 12% moisture Fodder biomass i.e., above ground biomass excluding the pods, at 90% maturity Fodder Biomass at Maturity FODMAT Dry biomass at maturity Plant Flowering time FlwT Flowering time Flowering time g Undefined scale Ratio of grain weight over plant biomass Plant HI Harvest index Biomass partitioning days Growth pattern Pattern of growth GroPat Growth pattern Plant Grain Average width of seeds Seed width Width SeeWdt Measure the mean of tap diameter 10cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Tap root diameter at 10 - Shovelomics Method Leafhopper (Empoasca) resistance - Method Visual rating of the extend of leafhopper damage to cowpea on experimental plot basis around 25-30 days after seedling emergence. It is done adventitious roots GermTim Time of germination after planting Germination time Germination time Grain THRIPFLOW, FOLTHRIP Flower thrip damage to stipules, flower buds and peduncles Flower thrip damage Damage on flower Thrips Length of pods - Method Average length of ten mature pods per plot Weight of harvested leaves Harvested leaf TWL Weight Harvested leaf weight Aphid Severity Aphid severity Severity of aphid infestation AphSev Averaged weigh of 5 or 10 random Striga plants per experimental plot No method name found Leaf Leaf Quality for consumption Quality of the leaf for consumption at harvest Quality Visual rating of Anthracnose affected leaf area Anthracnose - Method Visual assessment of seedcoat colour Seedcoat color - Method Degree of seedcoat pigment discoloration following boiling water treatment for 5 minutes compared to standards Pigment bleeding - Method Stem diameter - Shovelomics Method Measure the mean of stem diameter at soil level of 10 plants per experimental plot 5 classes Harvest index - Method Calculated by making the ratio of PLOT grain weight total BIOMASS weight at Harvest Floral abscision score - Method Estimate the average number of pods per peduncle under insect-protected and droughted conditions Thrips Resistance Thrip Resistance THRIPS Resistance to Thrips Assessing the incidence of aphids by determining the percentage of plants in each experimental plot that is infested at 10, 20 and 30 days after seedling emergence. Aphid incidence - Method Aphid incidence Aphid Aphid Incidence Score Incidence AphIS Yield of green matter - Method Average the weight of 10 randomly selected plants at 50% flowering Average dry weight of nodule from 10 plants per experimental unit Nodule dry weight - Method Visual assessment of the angle of basal region roots Basal root growth angle - Shovelomics Method mm Striga- Striga plants per week - Method Count the number of Striga in the experimental plot at weekly interval after first emergence up to maturity mm 1-9 density score strigas/plot 0-4 visual score 1-5 score Visual assessment of the testa to the seed Attachment of testa - Method PlaVig Vigor Status of the plant Plant vigour Plant Count number of days from planting to the first appearance of flower in a plot Days to first flower - Method Mean width of stipules from 5 randomly selected plants from the plot experimental unit Stipule width - Method Grain Threshability Threshability How easy it is to separate the seed from the shafts THRS Visual estimation of portion of plant infected by virus per plot Virus Incidence - Method 0-4 visual score Leaf harvest - Method Weigh leaf harvested from experimental unit weekly 0-4 visual score g days LEAFSC Scab Infestation by Leaf scab Leaf scab infestation Infestation on leaf Visual rating of overal frequency and severity of the Blackeye mosaic virus infection Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus - Method Terminal leaflet shape Shape Terminal leaflet TerLEASh Shape of terminal leaflet M. javanica root knot nematode Damage Damage caused by M. javanica root knot nematode M. javanica root knot nematode RootNemRes 1-9 nodulation score Visual rating of pod affected by scab Pod SCAB - Method 0-7 score mm alectra/plot Basal roots Count the number of basal root with greater than 1.5 mm at 2cm from hypocotyl Number of larger basal roots - Shovelomics Method ratio g/plant g EYELEAK Seedcoat pigment bleeding Seed coat Pigment bleeding Pigment bleeding Visual rating of overal frequency and severity of the aphid-borne mosaic virus infection Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus - Method Growth habit cm Count the number of adventitious roots Number of adventitious roots - Shovelomics Method g Basal root Number of adventitious roots AdvNo Number Number of basal region roots Trait measured by cutting 10 plants at ground level per plot at at 90% plant maturity, oven drying and weighing biomass Biomass at Maturity - Method mm Foliar thrip damage - Method Visual rating of leaf vein scarring Length Measure of stipule length StiLen Stipule Stipule length plants Protein content of sample grain Protein - Method 0-9 rating score Chlorophyll content - Method Measurement of chlorophyll using a chlorophyll SPAD meter between 8am -10am as per manufacturers instructions Visual rating of Septoria affected leaf area Septoria - Method AHS Height Striga- Height of Striga Height of Striga Striga Zinc concentration Zinc concentration Grain Zinc concentration in the seed ZNCONC Basal root BasRtNo Number Number of basal region roots Number of basal region roots mm 0-7 score Divide the plot grain yield by the number of plants in the plot Grain yield per plant - Method Total Striga plants at 9 weeks- Method Count the number of Striga in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Days to 50% flowering - Method Count the number of days between planting and the time when 50% of plants in a plot have flowered. The state of flowering is visually assessed in the field Weight Fresh fodder FFWT Weight of fresh fodder Fresh fodder weight 0-4 visual score mm lateral roots Mean width from hilum to keel of the 10 seeds measured for length Seed width - Method Pod attachment to peduncle - Method Recorded when pods are full grown Visual assessment of pod damage per plot Pod sucking bug - Method pods/plants Mean length of stipules from 5 randomly selected plants from the plot experimental unit Stipule length - Method 0-4 visual score hills Smut - Method Visual rating of leaf affected by smut mm DFWT Dry fodder weight Weight Dry fodder Dry fodder weight Color In vitro measurerement of the digestibility of green fodder at 50% flowering In vitro dry matter digestibility - Method Visual assessment of seed coat pattern Seed coat pattern - Method Degree 1-9 rating scale 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score Infestation Leaf rust infestation Leaf rust LEAFRU Infestation by Leaf rust Alectra - Method Visual rating of presence/absence of Alectra Measure the mean length of 10 freshly opened, randomly selected calyx Calyx lobe length - Method 0-4 score Quality of the grain for marketability Grain Grain quality Quality 1-3 score Count number of plants emerged in the experimental plot one week after planting Plant stand at emergence - Method Measure the mean of tap diameter 5cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Tap root diameter at 5 - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of the colour of the pod at maturity Pod colour - Method Measure the sucrose content of grain sample using a blood testing device for tracking diabetese Grain sucrose content - Method days Number of nodes on main stem - Method Count of nodes on main stem per plant 3 - 4 weeks after sowing. Mean of 10 randomly selected plants Presence - absence Visual observation of the color of the dry pod Color of dry pod - Method cm nodules/plot Seed crowding - Method Visual assessment of seed compression within the pod method_of