UC Riverside PodYld_Wgh_g Jeff Ehlers IITA PlntVig_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar 1 ‚Kidney 3 heavy infestation 3 ‚Narrow eye (Hilum Ring. Eye fills the narrow groove around the hilum and spills out of this groove in front of the hilum for a short distance and has an indistinct front margin) (N) Ousmane Boukar PodCol_Est_1to5 IITA 5 Intermediate (height greater than 37cm or width greater than 75 cm Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside HI_Comp_ratio IITA DFodWt_Week_g Ousmane Boukar IITA DPlntNo_Count_Plnt Ousmane Boukar StplLng_Meas_mm IITA Ousmane Boukar AphInc_Est_Pct IITA Ousmane Boukar ‚Kabba group (Eye fills the narrow groove all around the hilum, and the body has some form of speckling. A blue halo is also found around the hilum) (K) 2 2 medium aphid numbers 1 Pigmented tip IITA NodWt_FrshAv_g Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar IITA TapRtDia_5Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA BrnchDen_10to15Count_Rt 3 Pendant UC Riverside MacrophSev_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers 1 0-10% pod damage Ousmane Boukar PodEmerT_1PCount_d IITA SdCr_Est_0to7 IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA NodNo_Comp_NodPlot Ousmane Boukar 2 Ousmane Boukar StrParPlnt_Count_Plnt IITA PlntHair_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar IITA UC Riverside ChlCt_Meas_Score Jeff Ehlers S 4 Ousmane Boukar CrcspDam_Est_1to5 IITA GrProtCt_Meas_mgg Ousmane Boukar IITA 9 very severe bud abscission, heavy browning/drying of stipules and buds - distinct non-elongation of (most or all) peduncles Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside ThrpDamStpl_Est_0to4 3 GrSizUsorMark_CompRank_Rk3 mild symptoms 1 Ousmane Boukar LfRustInf_Est_0to4 IITA OvAllPerfvsLoc_CompRank_Rk3 2 moderate leaf senescence 0 no symptoms StrigRes_CompRank_Rk3 IITA SdShp_EstMat_0to5 Ousmane Boukar UC Riverside LfThripDam_Est_undefined Jeff Ehlers IITA Ousmane Boukar StrNo_CountHvst_Striga IITA Ousmane Boukar AlecNo_Count9Wk_Alec mild infestation 1 0 no infestation SdThck_Av_mm Ousmane Boukar IITA FlwLng_Av_mm IITA Ousmane Boukar 4 IITA Ousmane Boukar EyePat_Est_0to8 Ousmane Boukar AdvRtNo_Count_Rt IITA YldQual_CompRank_Rk3 UC Riverside PodNo_Av_PodPed Jeff Ehlers IITA Ousmane Boukar HypLng_Av_mm IITA PedLng_Comp_cm Ousmane Boukar Rough to wrinkled 7 GrStorab_CompRank_Rk3 IITA Ousmane Boukar Tto1MatPod_Count_d 31-40% pod damage 4 GermTim_CompRank_Rk3 Other 5 infestation 0 IITA DMDig_Meas_undefined Ousmane Boukar BBSev_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 4 4 pods/peduncle 1 mild infestation UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers BiomDWtMat_Av_g IITA Ousmane Boukar NodNo_Est_1to9 IITA FFodWt_Meas_g Ousmane Boukar no infestation 0 IITA TLfWdt_Meas_mm Ousmane Boukar mild infestation 1 1 2 moderte wilting and necrosis 5 ‚Blue to black 3 heavy infestation Ousmane Boukar IITA PodSBSev_Est_0to4 IITA HvstLf_Wgh_g Ousmane Boukar MatTim-_CompRank_Rk3 2 SdCCol_Est_1to7 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside PodLng_Av_cm Jeff Ehlers 61-70% pod damage 7 3 heavy infestation IITA MarDam_EstDeg_1to9 Ousmane Boukar SmutInf_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 3 heavy infestation Ousmane Boukar GrYld_PerPlot_g IITA YLDPLOT IITA Ousmane Boukar PodWdt_Av_cm moderate infestation 2 No infestation present 0 Completely pigmented 5 2 T Ousmane Boukar LfStR_Comp_r IITA PlntStHvst_Count_Plnt IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA GrYld_PerPlnt_gPlnt Ousmane Boukar YLDPLANT NodeNo_Av_Node IITA Ousmane Boukar Jeff Ehlers CanHt_Meas_cm UC Riverside no infestation 0 Ousmane Boukar GSucrCt_Meas_Read IITA PodAtt_Est_1to7 IITA Ousmane Boukar YldQuant_CompRk_Rk3 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 1 FBMFlw_Av_g Ousmane Boukar IITA W 1 2 Ousmane Boukar PodWThck_Est_1to7 IITA entity Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside FlwAbsc_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar BasRtNo_LargeCount_Rt IITA Ousmane Boukar BasRtNo_Count_Rt IITA mild infestation 1 mild infestation 1 IITA Ousmane Boukar AphSev_EstComp_0to9 4 heavy devastating infestation GrYld_CompRank_Rk3 PhomaInf_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar IAR, Samaru ZnConcSd_AAS_mgkg Muhammad Lawan Umar K 4 StrParPlnt_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar StrRes_Est_1to5 IITA 2 2 pods/peduncle Ousmane Boukar ImPodPig_Est_0to6 IITA occasional bare peduncles 9 3 ‚Sub-hastate IITA TapRtDia_15Av_mm Ousmane Boukar Vigorous (height greater than 37 cm and width greater than 75 cm) 7 moderate infestation 2 1 Pale tan or straw heavy infestation 3 broth clear 0 3 heavy infestation 3 few plants with striga emerged (tolerant) 6 GermRat_CompRank_3 6 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside SdCTex_Est_1to3 IITA Ousmane Boukar VirSev_Est_1to5 IITA Ousmane Boukar PodScbInf_Est_0to4 StrParPlnt_Est_1to5 StrRes_Est_1to5 Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 Cariaceous 1 IITA Ousmane Boukar SplTest_Est_0or1 5 ‚Holstein group (eye encircles the back of the hilum in a narrow ring, widens at the sides,and then extends margin of the eye is very distinct) (H) 1 low stipule necrosis Absent 0 Ousmane Boukar IITA BrnchDen_5to10Count_Rt 3 heavy infestation 3 heavy infestation IITA Ousmane Boukar BactPustDam_Est_1to5 Wing with pigmented upper margin - standard is pigmented 4 Moderate at the base and tips of petioles 3 HillNo_Count_Hill IITA Ousmane Boukar LfTex_Est_1to3 IITA Ousmane Boukar 6 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 3 Ousmane Boukar IITA FlwPigPat_Est_0to6 Absent 0 2 moderate infestation IITA Ousmane Boukar PodCurv_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar WebBDam_Est_1to5 IITA 2 3 Slightly curved FusWltR3_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 4 heavy devastating infestation 6 Other 5 Crowded (marked compression of seed ends 8 5 30 - 90o down from erect 0 infestation Ousmane Boukar FlwT_50FlwCount_days IITA MarDam_EstPct_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar None 0 Dark tan 2 black broth 4 4 LfProtCt_Meas_mgg IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA TermLftShp_Est_1to4 Ousmane Boukar slight yellowing of the midrib - no cupping 3 GrTast_CompRank_Rk3 Ousmane Boukar PhytmInf_Est_0to4 IITA IITA Ousmane Boukar NodWt_DryAv_g Jeff Ehlers UC Riverside SdPod_Av_sdpod UC Riverside CAMVSev_Est0to4 Jeff Ehlers Ousmane Boukar 100SDWT IITA SdWt_Wgh_g 5 SP many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 5 2 pods/peduncle 2 heavy devastating infestation 4 IITA GwthHab_Est_1to5 Ousmane Boukar 2 UC Riverside ThrpDamPod_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers 1 pods/peduncle 1 IITA MBrnchNo_Av_Brnch Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar StplWdt_Meas_mm 3 Lowest rank DiabInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar ThrpDamFlw_Est_1to9 IITA 8 Middle rank 2 IConcLf_AAS_mgkg IITA Ousmane Boukar 1 Not pigmented (white) 0 4 Ousmane Boukar PodPlnt_Av_PodPlnt IITA 1 Determinate (apical bud of main stem reproductive) broth with slight red color 1 IITA Ousmane Boukar TapRtDia_10Av_mm IITA Ousmane Boukar LfCol_Est_1to7 Ousmane Boukar IITA RacNo_Av_RacPlnt TesText_Est_1to9 Ousmane Boukar IITA 3 heavy devastating severity 4 Ousmane Boukar StmDia_Av_ IITA heavy devastating infestation 4 Ousmane Boukar IITA AlctWt_Av_g IITA Ousmane Boukar MatT_1PCount_d heavy devastating severity 4 SdShp_Est_1to5 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers Ousmane Boukar HvstLfWt_Meas_g IITA Ousmane Boukar LfScbInf_Est_0to4 IITA moderate symptoms 2 IITA Ousmane Boukar SeptSev_Est_0to4 0 no symptoms 3 heavy infestation LygusBDam_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 4 Intermediate (most lower branches touch the ground) ‚Ovoid 2 0 no symptoms StrEmDat_Meas_Date IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar Tto1Flw_Count_d IITA RacPos_Est_1to3 Ousmane Boukar 5 16-30% peduncles bare 2 medium stipule necrosis Erect 7 deep red broth 2 1 low aphid numbers infestation 0 2 heavy infestation 3 1 1 Ousmane Boukar SdWdt_Av_mm IITA 2 6 AshStmR_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar Jeff Ehlers PodCol_Est_1to3 UC Riverside up to 15% peduncles bare 7 7 ‚Self coloured (eye covers entire seed) S UC Riverside AphDam_Est_0to4 Jeff Ehlers LfQlCons_CompRank_Rk3 no infestation 0 AlecNo_CountWk_Alec IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA Ousmane Boukar TapLatNo_Count_Rt IITA TermInf_Est_undefined 6 Ousmane Boukar IITA GrYld_Plnt_g YLDPLOT SdCPat_Est_1to6 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers 4 heavy devastating infestation 5 O IITA DFodYd_Comp_kgha Ousmane Boukar Dark brown 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 3 3 Smooth to rough IITA HvstLfWt_Sum_g Ousmane Boukar Ousmane Boukar AlecParPlnt_Count_Alec IITA Thrs_Comp_Pct IITA Ousmane Boukar GrQual_CompRank_Rk3 No visible infection 0 5 many plant with several plant of striga emerged (Very susceptible) Present 1 IITA VirSev_Est_Pct Ousmane Boukar IITA DMCt_Comp_Pct Ousmane Boukar StrgWt_Av_g Ousmane Boukar IITA 5 Rhomboid DPllntProp_Comp_Pct IITA Ousmane Boukar 5 41-50% pod damage no pods 0 1 very slight wilting acronym LfMk_Est_0or1 IITA Ousmane Boukar 3 21-30% pod damage 0 no symptoms 6 7 large isolated colonies (101-500 aphids) AbioStre_CompRank_Rk3 moderate infestation 2 6 M 1 a few individual aphids (1-4 aphids) 0 no symptoms 2 moderate infestation purple broth 3 high wilting and necrosis 3 IITA AttTes_Est_0to1 Ousmane Boukar plant dead or near death 4 4 many plants with striga emerged (susceptible) IITA AlHt_Av_cm Ousmane Boukar SdLng_Av_mm IITA Ousmane Boukar No visible infection 0 IITA Ousmane Boukar FlwT_FFlwCount_d 1 1 pods/peduncle 2 moderate infestation moderate symptoms 2 GrMarket_CompRank_Rk3 4 1 mild symptoms 2 Intermediate 2 5 Rough (fine reticulation) 5 2 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 1 ThripResFlw_Est_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar Jeff Ehlers FlwCol_Est_1to4 UC Riverside 3 M heavy devastating infestation 4 AlecInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar IITA few striga emerged (moderately resistant) 2 8 heavy infestation 3 high 9 CapReGro_Meas_g IITA Ousmane Boukar 3 Non-vigorous (height less than 37 cm and width less than 75 cm Ousmane Boukar AdvRtAng_Est_ IITA Muhammad Lawan Umar IConcSd_AAS_mgkg IAR, Samaru 4 plant dead or near death no infestation 0 IITA Ousmane Boukar EmpDam_Est_1to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar 3BrnchDen_Est_1to9 1 mild symptoms 0 Straight 1 Mostly above canopy 3 pods/peduncle 3 Black or dark purple 4 4 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 no striga emerged (Very resistant) 1 4 Globose 4 heavy devastating infestation no infected leaves (very resistant) 1 2 Erect (branching angle less acute than above) moderate infestation 2 1 heavy infestation 3 IITA AlecEmDat_Meas_Date Ousmane Boukar BasRtAng_Est_ Ousmane Boukar IITA GrSiz_CompRank_Rk3 IITA Ousmane Boukar PlntHt_Av_cm 3 3 pods/peduncle mild infestation 1 ‚Mottled and speckled (Victor) 9 6 FusWltR4_Est_0to4 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers ZnConcLf_AAS_mgkg IITA Ousmane Boukar IITA YLDPLOT Ousmane Boukar 6 moderate infestation 2 8 ‚Mottled (dark brown pigment typically Absent around hilum) StrNo_Count9Wk_Striga Ousmane Boukar IITA no pods 0 1 mild symptoms Ousmane Boukar LfSptInf_Est_0to4 IITA heavy devastating infestation 4 MatT_95MatCount_days IITA Ousmane Boukar 3 Throughout canopy 4 mild infestation 1 IITA JRtNemDam_Est_undefined Ousmane Boukar 9 Very vigorous (height greater than 50 cm and width greater than 1 m) GrStorProbRes_CompRank_Rk3 4 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) pronounced yellowing at midrib and side veins - yellowing extends slightly between the veins - symptoms may or may not be associated with moderate cupping 5 UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers CookT_Meas_min IITA StrInf_Est_0to4 Ousmane Boukar 0 No leaf tip senescence 1 no browning/drying (i.e. scaling) of stipules, leaf or flower buds - no bud abscission 1 most (>60%) peduncles bare (i.e. no pods) 6 6 TwTnd_Est_0to7 IITA Ousmane Boukar Jeff Ehlers PigBleed_Est_0to4 UC Riverside E 2 1 no infected leaves (very resistant) 8 IITA Ousmane Boukar StrgHt_Av_cm moderate symptoms 2 2 Pigmented sutures 4 OvAllPerf_CompRank_Rk3 S 1 1 mild symptoms 3 Semi-crowded (slight flattering of seed ends) moderate symptoms 2 StrNo_CountWk_Striga IITA Ousmane Boukar 2 11-20% pod damage 9 Solid 2 moderate infestation 1 no infected leaves (very resistant) S 1 no infestation 0 PlntPig_Est_0to9 IITA Ousmane Boukar 6 Other Short appressed hairs 5 AnthrDam_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 4 ‚Green 4 7 ‚Speckled (even distribution of fine speckling) a few isolated colonies (5-20 aphids) 3 3 ‚Red G 3 4 Pubescent to hirsute 7 IITA AdvRtNo_LargeCount_Rt Ousmane Boukar 2 few striga emerged (moderately resistant) 2 Testa firmly attached to seed 1 heavy devastating infestation 4 IITA EyeCol_Est_0to9 Ousmane Boukar 4 Bl mild infestation 1 4 3 pods/peduncle 3 2 moderte wilting and necrosis initiation of browning of stipules, leaf or flower buds - no bud abscission 3 3 high medium aphid numbers DisRes_CompRank_Rk3 1 mild infestation Membranous 3 CaLobLng_Av_mm IITA Ousmane Boukar 4 6 2 moderate infestation 3 very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) GwtPat_Est_1or2 IITA Ousmane Boukar 8 6 ‚Blue to black spots or mottle 2 moderate infestation 7 Pronounced 0 ‚Eye absent (white, cream) 3 Pigmented valves, green sutures 3 heavy infestation IITA Ousmane Boukar StmRtDam_Est_1to5 Str1EmDat_Meas_Date IITA Ousmane Boukar 8 1 mild symptoms 2 V 2 ‚Tan Brown Jeff Ehlers SdSen_Est_0to4 UC Riverside 4 O mild infestation 1 1 no infected leaves (very resistant) Indeterminate 2 PestRes_CompRank_Rk3 3 high stipule necrosis ‚None 0 5 Intermediate 4 4 pods/peduncle Pale Green 3 no stipule necrosis 0 Ousmane Boukar MarDam_EstSymp_1to4 IITA many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 5 1 Highest rank 6 5 R 3 Br IITA Ousmane Boukar TLfLng_Meas_mm 9 large continuous colonies (>500 aphids) Very slight 1 1 no visible damage 6 ‚Watson group (eye encircles the back of the hilum as a narrow ring, widens at the sides and spills over the non micropylar end of the seed withan indistinct margin. The extra width at the sidesof the hilum distinguishes this group from 3, narrow eye) (W) Ousmane Boukar IITA BECMVSev_Est_0to4 very few leaves with mild infection (resistant) 2 4 high 9 3 Glabrescent P 6 1 pods/peduncle 1 heavy devastating severity 4 3 heavy infestation 2 H 2 moderate symptoms Not crowded (no compression of seed ends) 0 6 3 heavy infestation ‚Crowder 3 heavy infestation 3 2 In upper canopy moderate infestation 2 1 Low 6 4 2 2 pods/peduncle high wilting and necrosis 3 3 31-60% peducles bare 4 ‚Hastate ‚Other 8 80-90% pod damage 9 severe defoliation, followed by wilting, resulting in death of plants 9 no pods 0 7 Dark green no infestation 0 heavy devastating severity 4 3 I BrBltchInf_Est_0to4 IITA Ousmane Boukar 2 C 8 71-80% pod damage many plants with striga emerged (susceptible) 4 Semi-prostrate (main stem reaches 20 or more centimeters 6 Prostrate (plants flat on ground - branches spread several meters) 5 4 heavy devastating infestation 3 heavy infestation many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) 5 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) 4 R 1 heavy devastating infestation 4 few plants with striga emerged (tolerant) 3 0 no symptoms 9 Wrinkled (coarse folds on the testa) 4 heavy devastating severity heavy infestation 3 5 serious bud abscission accompanied by browning/drying of stipules and buds - non-elongation of peduncles 7 no infestation 0 very slight wilting 1 4 completely senesced ‚Sub-globose 2 minor leaf senescence 1 7 Extensive 5 several small colonies (21-100 aphids) 4 completely covered by aphids BiomDWtFlw_Av_g UC Riverside Jeff Ehlers Smooth 1 no infestation 0 4 heavy devastating severity 7 Coiled 2 moderte wilting and necrosis Testa not firmly attached to seed 0 high wilting and necrosis 3 Uniformly pigmented 5 DT 3 5 many leaves with severe infection (very susceptible) R 2 Semi-erect (branches perpendicular to main stem, but not touch ground) 3 51-60% pod damage 6 2 moderate symptoms 2 4 5 Curved Splashes of pigment 4 Pigmented margins on wing and standard 2 2 4 heavy devastating severity 4 complete stipule necrosis PlntStEmg_Count_Plnt IITA Ousmane Boukar 7 ‚Absent (A1) 0 2 Cowpea ontology 0 None IITA Ousmane Boukar PodFWt_Meas_g very few leaves with severe infection (tolerant) 3 5 Intermediate 3 P 2 moderate symptoms 8 O 7 severe yellowing of the leaves followed by drying of leaf tips and leaf margins - characteristic hopper burn observed 7 1 Wing pigmented - standard with light V-shaped pattern of pigment at top center 2 Extremely crowded (seed width greater than seed length) 7 1 Acute erect (branches form acute angles with main stem) 3 Slight 3 Wing pigmented - standard lightly pigmented 1 mild infestation 5 distinct browning/drying of stipules and leaf or flower buds - some bud abscission heavy devastating infestation 4 8 1 ‚Globose Low 1 Intermediate green 5 4 many leaves with mild infection (susceptible) no infestation 0 mild infestation 1 5 many plant with several plant of striga emerged (Very susceptible) 1 W 1 no striga emerged (Very resistant) 1 mild symptoms BE 1 1 1+ ‚Very Small ( A ) 1 ‚Brown splash or gray 4 ‚Small eye (eye has a distinct margin, but is E smaller than Holstein group) 4 plant dead or near death 3 heavy leaf senscence 7 heavy infestation 3 0 no symptoms No visible infection 0 very slight wilting 1 attribute 4 pods/peduncle 4 2 Present (testa split exposing cotyledons) 1 0-4 score Average number of seeds per pod from 20 random pod samples per plot Seed per pod - Method Plant Plant matter content Plant dry weight content PerDryWei Dry matter content Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) Colour of the pod Colour Pod colour Pod PodCol CRCSP Cercospora Cercospora Damage Damage caused by Cercospora Storage problems tolerance Tolerance to the storage problems identified by user Grain storage problems tolerance Grain Visual assessment of the number of nodule per plant Nodule score - Shovelomics Method g Mean length of stipules from 5 randomly selected plants from the plot experimental unit Stipule length - Method Number of larger adventittious roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of adventitious roots with diameter greater than 1.5 mm at 2cm hypocotyl Fodder biomass i.e., above ground biomass excluding the pods, at 50% Flowering Fodder biomass at Flowering Dry biomass at flowering Fodder FODMID Storability Grain Grain storability Seed storability refers to the ability of seeds to remain viable and maintain their quality over a period of time when stored under a given condition. Recorded when peduncles have reached full length Raceme position - Method Pod attachment to peduncle Attachment to peduncle Attachment of the pod to the peduncle Pod PodAtt Adventitous root growth angle Angle of adventitious roots ang_ad Adventitious root Growth angle Pod width - Method Mean width of the 10 mature pods per plot that are measured for length Damage Fusarium wilt Race 4 damage FUSWILTR4 Damage caused by Fusarium wilt Race 4 Fusarium wilt Race 4 Seedcoat - Method Visual, rough or smooth or intermediate AWA Weight of Alectra Weight Weight of Alectra Alectra Plant Estimated resistance to pests observed in the field Past resistance Pest resistance  PlPestRes Pigmentation pattern FloPigPat Flowering pigment pattern Pigmentation pattern of newly opened flowers Flower ratio Estimated resistance to Abiotic stress observed in the field Abiotic stress tolerance  Plant PlAbiotRes Abiotic Stress tolerance cm The level of infestation is assessed on 30 stands per plot (five stands per row at fixed intervals to avoid bias) and scores averaged. Aphid severity - Method Grain yield per plant - Method Divide the plot grain yield by the number of plants in the plot mm Ranking: 3 Visual assessment of web blight affected leaf area per plot Web blight - Method Basal root growth angle - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of the angle of basal region roots Plant senescence due to drought FLDSN Drought induced senescence Drough induced senescence Plant Thrips Resistance - Method Visual assessment of the resistance to thrips Height AHA Alectra Height of Alectra Alectra- Height of Alectra Attachment of testa - Method Visual assessment of the testa to the seed Grain Yield YLDPLOT Harvested grain weight Grain yield per plot Seed shape - Method Visual observation of the shape of the seed Flowering time Plant Flowering time FlwT Flowering time 0-9 score Macrophomina Severity Severity of the symptoms caused by macrophomina Macrophomina Severity MACROPH Measurement of chlorophyll using a chlorophyll SPAD meter between 8am -10am as per manufacturers instructions Chlorophyll content - Method Protein content of sample grain Protein - Method mm Date of emergence Date of Striga emergence Striga Date of Striga emergence STREM Tap root diameter at 10 - Shovelomics Method Measure the mean of tap diameter 10cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Seed width SeeWdt Average width of seeds Grain Width Taste of the grain taste Grain taste Grain Plant stand - Method By counting the number of plants in an experimental plot at harvest g 0-6 score Count number of plants dead per plot Plants dead - Method Phoma PHOMA Infestation Phoma infestation Infestation by phoma Color Testa texture - Method Visual recording of the texture of the testa Measure the height of 5 or 10 random Alectra plants per experimental plot 9 weeks after planting and record the average height for the experimental plot Alectra- Height of Alectra - Method Count number of days from planting to first appearance of mature pod in a plot Days to 1st pod maturity - Method Dead plant PDEADP Proportion Proportion of dead plant Dead plant proportion Flower thrip damage - Method Visual rating based on a combination of varying intensities of browning of the stipules and flower buds, non-elongation of peducles, and flower bud abscission Infestation Diabrotica Infestation by diabrotica DIABRT Diabrotica mm 1-3 score Count the number of Alectra in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting No method name found g Flower thrip damage Flower thrip damage to stipules, flower buds and peduncles THRIPFLOW, FOLTHRIP Thrips Damage on flower Infestation on pod Pod infestation by SCAB Scab PODSCAB Pod scab infestation Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll content SPAD Leaf Chlorophyll content Grain Grain yield Yield Harvested grain weight GrYld Alectra- Alectra infection - Method Count the number of plants infected by Alectra in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting 0-4 visual score SUCROS Sucrose content Grain sucrose content Grain Grain sucrose content Growth habit Alectra Alectra vogelii infestation Alectra Infestation ALCTRA SdWt Weight of seeds Seed Seed weight Weight Leaf Leaf texture LeaTex Texture Leaf appearance Branching density 5-10 - Shovelomics Method Count the number of 1st order lateral roots (not including the basal root) Infestation by Brown blotch Brown blotch BRBL Brown blotch Infestation Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus Severity BLCMV Severity of the symtoms caused by cowpea blackeye mosaic virus Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus severity Basal root growth angle ang bas Growth angle Angle of basal region roots Basal root Leaf colour - Method Visual rating of the intensity of the leaf color Branching density 10-15 - Shovelomics Method Count the number of 1st order lateral roots between 10 and 15 cm plants Grain Iron concentration ICONC Iron concentration in the leaf Iron concentration Striga tolerance Estimated resistance to Striga observed in the field PlStrigRes Striga tolerance  Plant Plant stand at emergence Plant GERM Number of plants germinated within one week after planting Number Total weight of leaves - Method Pick young succulent leaves from experimental plot beginning 3rd week after planting, and at weekly interval thereafter and stop harvesting when 50% of plants in the plot have started to flower. Weigh the amount of leaves harvested leaves each week. yield (qualitative) Yield estimated considering pods and grains harvested from the plant with a comparative ranking of varieties Yield (qualitative) Plant Stem diameter Diameter Stem diameter stemD Stem Aphid incidence - Method Assessing the incidence of aphids by determining the percentage of plants in each experimental plot that is infested at 10, 20 and 30 days after seedling emergence. Number of larger tap laterals - Shovelomics Method Count the number of roots in 5-10 cm below soil surface region Date of the first Alectra emergence Alectra - Date of First Alectra Emergence DFAE Alectra Date of emergence Striga infestation Striga Incidence SIP Plot infested with Striga gesnerioides Undefined scale Pod colour - Method Visual assessment of the colour of the pod at maturity 1-7 score racemes/plant Grain marketability  Quality of the grain for marketability Grain Marketability Total leaf - Method Weight of total leaf harvested per plot SPAD units Resistance to Striga gesnerioides parasitic weed. STRRES Resistance to Striga gesnerioides Number Plant parasited by Striga Tickness of pod wall Pod wall thickness Pod PodWaiTh Wall thickness Growth habit - Method Visual recording of cultivar growth habit Evaluated in the 6th week after sowing Measure the length of the leaflet of the young , mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing whose shape was recorded Terminal leaflet length - Method 0-4 visual score Trait measured by cutting 10 plants at ground level per plot at 50% Flowering, oven drying and weighing biomass Biomass at Flowering - Method plants Colour DRYPODCOL Dry pod color Color of dry pod Dry pod Pct Number NumNodMainSte Number of nodes Number of nodes Node Virus Severity - Method Visual rating of affected leaf area within a plot Count of nodes on main stem per plant 3 - 4 weeks after sowing. Mean of 10 randomly selected plants Number of nodes on main stem - Method % mm Calculated by making the ratio of PLOT grain weight total BIOMASS weight at Harvest Harvest index - Method Phytium infestation Phytium Infestation PHYTM Extent of the infestation by Pythium days Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry 1-3 classes 1-9 rating scale alectra/plot Striga- Striga plants per week - Method Count the number of Striga in the experimental plot at weekly interval after first emergence up to maturity CANOPYHT Canopy Height Canopy Height Canopy Height M. javanica root knot nematode RootNemRes Damage Damage caused by M. javanica root knot nematode M. javanica root knot nematode Ratio of grain weight over plant biomass Biomass partitioning Harvest index Plant HI Size of the grain Grain Grain size   GraiSiz Size Germination time Grain GermTim Germination time Time of germination after planting Raceme position RacPos Raceme Position of raceme Position Terminal leaflet Shape Shape of terminal leaflet Terminal leaflet shape TerLEASh Plant Capacity for re-growth Weight of green matter in grams at 50% flowering after the accession has been cut at six week stage CapReGro Capacity for re-growth Pattern Pod PodWdt Pod width Width Width of pods Total above ground fresh biomass Fresh biomass at flowering Fresh biomass at flowering FBMFlw Plant Visual evaluation of the percentage of pod damage when the pods are mature but still green Maruca damage - Method Ranking of phenotypes based on field observations/on testing of food products ​ Comparative ranking by users method 1-5 visual score Count number of plants emerged in the experimental plot one week after planting Plant stand at emergence - Method Recorded for stem, branches, petioles and peduncles in the 6th week after sowing Plant pigmentation - Method TerLeaWid Terminal leaflet width Width The widest dimension of the terminal leaflet whose shape Terminal leaflet 1-7 score Visual rating of severity and extent of macrophomina damage Macrophomina Tolerance - Method Grain Protein content of the grain PROTEIN Grain protein content Protein content ALPERPLT Alectra per plot ALPERP Number Alectra Visual rating of pod affected by scab Pod SCAB - Method Canopy Height at FLOW50 - Method When 50% of the plant in a plot have at least one flower, randomly select 5 plants, measure the height from soil surface to top of canopy and compute the average strigas/plot Status of the plant Vigor Plant vigour PlaVig Plant Length of peduncules at full growth Peduncle length Peduncle Length PedLen mg/kg Overall Performance Plant Overall performance Overall variety assessment/observation SeeCro Grain Seed crowding or compression, indicating the spacing within the pod Compression Seed crowding Visual rating of wilting/stunting/health 3 weeks after root-clip-dip innoculation with Fusarium race 3 Fusarium wilt Race 3 - Method Number Dead plant Number of dead plants NDEADP Dead plant number Days to Striga Emergence DYSTRGEM Date of emergence Striga DYSTRG Eye The color of the eye Colour Eye colour EyeCol Visual rating of leaf rust affected plant per plot Leaf rust - Method 0-9 rating score Tap root diameter at 5 - Shovelomics Method Measure the mean of tap diameter 5cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Count the number of basal region roots Number of basal region roots - Shovelomics Method 1 - 2 score Number Hill HILLS Number of hills having at least one plant Number of hills g Days to 50% flowering - Method Count the number of days between planting and the time when 50% of plants in a plot have flowered. The state of flowering is visually assessed in the field Number of main branches - Method Count the number of branches whose origin is in the leaf axils on the main stem - recorded in the 8th week after sowing. Mean of 10 randomly selected plants Percentage dry weight - Method Take a 500 g sample of green plant. Measure the fresh weight then oven dry the sample and measure the dry weight of the sample. Calculate the ratio dry weight per fresh weight Number 1st order lateral root Number of roots in 5-10cm below soil surface region with a diameter greater than 1.5mm at 2cm from hypocotyl that are perpendicular to the tap root Number of tap laterals 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score Visual rating of the shape of the seed at maturity Seed Shape - Method Number of racemes Number Raceme NumRacPla Number of racemes 0-4 visual score Grain Seed shape SDSHAPE Shape Seed shape Number of plants plot unit at harvest Plant Plant stand at harvest Number PSTAND Seed thickness SeeThi Grain Tickness of the seed Thickness Degree of seedcoat pigment discoloration following boiling water treatment for 5 minutes compared to standards Pigment bleeding - Method Capacity for re-growth - Method Measure the weight of green matter in grams at 50% flowering after the accession has been cut at six week stage Visual rating of the average pod set under unprotected, lygus infested conditions Lygus bug - Method g Pod wall thickness - Method Visual assessment of the tickness of the pod wall Number of seed per pod Number per pod SEEDPOD Seed Seed per pod Visual evaluation of the degree of podding when the pods are mature but still green Maruca resistance - Method StiLen Measure of stipule length Stipule length Length Stipule 0-4 visual score Seed coat pattern - Method Visual assessment of seed coat pattern Stem rot Stem rot damage STMRT Damage caused by Stem rot Damage Twinning tendency Plant TwiTend Twinning tendency Twinning tendency Degree Anthracnose - Method Visual rating of Anthracnose affected leaf area PlaPig Plant Pigmentation Plant pigmentation Pigmentation of the plant part Nodule count - Method Average number of nodules from 10 plants per experimental unit Striga STRGDR Striga dry weight Weight STRGDRWT Average the weight of 5 or 10 random plants per experimental plot Alectra- Weight of Alectra - Method Number of adventitious roots Adventitious root Number of adventitious roots AdvNo Number Count number of days from planting to first appearance of pod per plot First pods emergence - Method mm cm Time to first flower Time to first flower Time elapsed from planting to first flowering Tto1stFlw Plant Striga Number of striga emerged Number StrNo Number of Striga g Nodule dry weight - Method Average dry weight of nodule from 10 plants per experimental unit Grain Length SeeLen Seed length Average length of seeds g Brown blotch - Method Visual rating of affected leaf area Total Striga plants at 9 weeks- Method Count the number of Striga in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Growth habit Type of growth habit Plant Growth habit GROHAB Number per plant Number of pods per plant Pod PODPLA Pod per plant Pod PodCur Curvature of th pod Curvature Pod curvature Visual rating of wilting/stunting/health 3 weeks after root-clip-dip innoculation Fusarium wilt Race 4 - Method Average the weight of 10 randomly selected plants at 50% flowering Yield of green matter - Method Leaf texture - Method Visual rating of the leaf appearance 1-7 score Plot infected with Striga - Method Visual assessment of the presence of emerged Striga plant per plot Disease Resistance Plant PlDisRes Disease resistance  Estimated resistance to diseases observed in the field Dry matter digestibility DMDig Dry matter digestability Digestibility of green fodder Plant 0-4 visual score Number of adventitious roots Adventitious root Number BasRtNo Number of basal region roots cm 0-4 visual score 0-4 visual score Number of pods per peduncles Pod Pods per peduncule PODPED Number per peduncle Seed coat Color Seedcoat color SDCOLOR Seed coat color 1-9 rating scale Use of diagram illustrating eye pattern (IITA Genetic Resource Center) Eye pattern - Method Striga - Method Visual rating of affected plot area days Infestation LEAFRU Leaf rust infestation Leaf rust Infestation by Leaf rust Testa texture Texture Testa TesTex The texture of the testa Alectra - Date of First Alectra Emergence - Method Record the date at which the first Alectra emerged in the experimental plot Time taken for dry grain to soften in boiling water Cooking time - Method 1-5 visual score 0-4 score Presence of hair on plant PlaHair Hairiness Plant Plant hairiness mm 1-5 score alectra/plot Immature pod pigmentation - Method Pattern of pigment distribution on full grown immature pods Virus Incidence - Method Visual estimation of portion of plant infected by virus per plot Visual rating of extent of aphid infestation Aphid resistance - Method 1-9 nodulation score EYELEAK Pigment bleeding Seed coat Pigment bleeding Seedcoat pigment bleeding Testa Attachment of the testa to the seed Attachment to the seed Attachment of testa AttTes Weight of dry fodder harvested on an experimental plot Dry fodder weight - Method SplTes Testa Splitting of testa Splitting of the testa Splitting Grain sucrose content - Method Measure the sucrose content of grain sample using a blood testing device for tracking diabetese Mean of 10 mature seeds excluding those from the extremities of pods Seed length - Method Presence of V-mark LeaMar Leaf marking Leaf Presence/absence of V-mark on leaflets 3rd order branching density Density 3 order branching density 3rd order branching 3BD mm Nodule fresh weight - Method Average fresh Weight of nodule from 10 plants per experimental unit Threshability - Method Percentage score of well polished seeds compared to others in the sample. Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus severity Severity Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus CAMV Severity of the symtoms caused by cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus Plant Time to pod emergence Pode emergence time Time to pod Emergence DFRSTPO Number of adventitious roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of adventitious roots Color Record date on which first Striga emergence is noticed in a plot Date of Striga emergence - Method Fresh pod Fresh weight Weight of fresh pod FRESHP Pod g Count of pods on each peduncle on each of ten plants at MAT95 Pods per peduncule - Method index Pod Floral abscision DTFLWRAB Floral abscision Number Average length of ten mature pods per plot Length of pods - Method Thrip Resistance Resistance to Thrips Resistance Thrips THRIPS Grain yield per plot - Method Actual measurement of the weight of the grain harvested from a plot roots Weigh of fresh fodder harversted from experimental plot Fresh fodder weight - Method Number BrnchDen Number of 1st order lateral roots whithout counting basal region roots Branching density 1st order lateral root Root Tap root diameter Diameter RtDiam Tap root diameter Stem diameter - Shovelomics Method Measure the mean of stem diameter at soil level of 10 plants per experimental plot Aphid Aphid incidence AphIS Aphid Incidence Score Incidence ZNCONC Zinc concentration Zinc concentration in the leaf Leaf Zinc concentration 0-5 score 0-1 score Grain Yield Grain yield (kg)   Yield in kilograms Hypocotyl length - Method Mean of 10 plants per experimental unit (in mm) cm strigas/plot 1-3 score Recorded for the terminal leaflet of a young, mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing Terminal leaflet shape - Method PIA Number of plants infected by Alectra Alectra- Alectra infection Number Plant parasited by Alectra 1-7 score seed/pod Measure weight of leaves and other parts of the shoot and calculate the ratio Leaf/stem ratio - Method Dead plant per plot - Method Counting sampled plots for % dead plant Weight of fresh fodder Fresh fodder weight Fresh fodder Weight FFWT cm Plant vigour - Method Estimation of plant vigor based on the height and width of the plant 3-4 week after sowing Maturity time Plant Maturity time Time of maturity after planting MatTim Nodule Weight of nodule NDLWT Nodule weight Weight No method name found Record the date at which the first Striga in the experimental plot emerged Fusarium wilt Race 3 damage Damage caused by Fusarium wilt Race 3 FUSWILTR3 Damage Fusarium wilt Race 3 g 0-4 score Visual assessment of newly opened flower pigmentation Flowering pigment pattern - Method FODMAT Fodder biomass i.e., above ground biomass excluding the pods, at 90% maturity Biomass at Maturity Dry biomass at maturity Fodder Iron concentration ICONC Iron concentration in the seed Grain Iron concentration Visual rating of leaf vein scarring Foliar thrip damage - Method Main branch Number of main branches NumMaiBra Number Number of main branches lateral roots 0-5 score 1-4 score Grain yield of a single plant - Method Actual measurement of the weight of the grain harvested from a representative plant of a plot cm Visual rating of leaf affected by smut Smut - Method Degree 0-1 score Pod yield Pod PODWT Yield Weight of harvested pods Mean width of stipules from 5 randomly selected plants from the plot experimental unit Stipule width - Method hills 100 seed weight - Method Weight of 100 random seeds at 12% moisture 1-9 rating scale Terminal leaflet width - Method Measure the widest dimension of the terminal leaflet whose shape was recorded (young , mature leaf in the 6th week after sowing) PODLNGTH Length of pods Length of pods Pod Length 0-4 visual score Growth pattern Pattern of growth Growth pattern GroPat Plant Bacterial blight (X. vignicola) scoring - Method Visual rating of bacterial blight affected leaf area Visual rating of the reduction in pods per plant under thrip pressure compared to control overall podset Thrip damage to podset - Method 1-5 color scale mm Size for target market or use GraSizMarkUse Size of the grain for the targeted market or use Grain size for target use or market Grain Aphid severity Severity of aphid infestation AphSev Aphid Severity 1-9 visual score Visual assessment of seed compression within the pod Seed crowding - Method Leaf marking - Method Visual rating of the presence or absence of the V-mark on the leaf 0-4 visual score Plant parasited by Striga Plant infected with Striga PLSTRG Number of plant infested by Striga Number 1-9 score 1-5 visual score nodes Tto1MatPod Time elapsed of days from planting to first pod maturity Time to first mature pod Plant Time to first mature pod g Yield measured with a quantitative unit (kg, t, etc) Grain Yield (quantitative)  Yield (quantitative) Weight of harvested pods from a plot Pod yield per plot - Method Visual assesment of overall occurence and severity of termite damage Termites - Method Thrip damage to stipules - Method Trait assessed by visual rating of stipule necrosis at 40 DAP Termite Termites infestation Infestation TRMTS Extent of the infestation by termites 0-4 visual score g 0-8 score THRS How easy it is to separate the seed from the shafts Threshability Grain Threshability Septoria SEPT Severity Septoria severity Severity of the symptoms caused by Septoria Cooking time Cooking time Time needed for cowpea sample to cook Grain CKTME Flower thrip damage to stipules Thrip damage to stipules Damage on stipule THRIPSTIP Thrips Calyx lobe length CaLobLen Calyx lobe length Flower calyx lobe length Flower Recorded when pods are full grown Pod attachment to peduncle - Method 0-4 visual score Zinc concentration ZNCONC Zinc concentration Grain Zinc concentration in the seed Eye EyePat The shape of the pigment pattern which surrounds the hilum. The front of the hilum is the non-micropylar end. Eye pattern Pattern Leaf harvest - Method Weigh leaf harvested from experimental unit weekly Visual rating of the color of the eye Eye colour - Method 5 classes Stipule width Stipule StiWid Measure of stipule width Width days Estimate the average number of pods per peduncle under insect-protected and droughted conditions Floral abscision score - Method DFWT Dry fodder weight Weight Dry fodder Dry fodder weight Damage caused by aphid in specialized nursery Aphid Damage APHIDRES Aphid damage Record Weight fresh mature pod from a plot Fresh pod - Method Visual assessment of seedcoat colour Seedcoat color - Method Texture Seedcoat Seedcoat texture SDTEXT Seed coat Plant height PTHT Plant height Height Plant Days to first flower - Method Count number of days from planting to the first appearance of flower in a plot Leaf scab infestation Infestation on leaf LEAFSC Scab Infestation by Leaf scab Number of adventitious roots Number of basal region roots AdvNo Basal root Number 0-7 score Number of larger basal roots - Shovelomics Method Count the number of basal root with greater than 1.5 mm at 2cm from hypocotyl Basal root Number BasRtNo Number of basal region roots Number of basal region roots Stem rot - Method Visual assessment of stem rot affected leaf area per plot mm Measure the mean length of 10 freshly opened, randomly selected standard petals Standard length - Method Undefined scale Severity of symptoms caused by viruses Virus VIRSEV Severity Virus Severity Damage on pod Thrips Thrip damage to podset Damage to podset caused by thrips THRIPDAM 0-4 visual score Quality of the leaf for consumption at harvest Quality Leaf Quality for consumption Leaf Alectra- Alectra plants per week - Method Count the number of Alectra in the experimental plot at weekly interval after first emergence up to maturity Visual recording of the twinning tendency of the plant Twinning tendency - Method nodules/plot g/plant g Measure peduncules when they have grown full length. Mean length of 10 peduncles, one from each of 10 randomly selected plants Peduncle length - Method SeeSha Grain Shape of the seed Seed Shape Shape No method name found Averaged weigh of 5 or 10 random Striga plants per experimental plot days Pigmentation of immature pod Immature pod pigmentation Pigmentation Immature pod ImmPodPig g Phytium Infestation - Method Visual assessment of pithium infested plant per plot Overall vs Local   Overall variety assessment/observation compared to the locam variety Overall performance vs local Plant Visual rating of leaf affected by scab Leaf scab - Method number pods/plants Mean width from hilum to keel of the 10 seeds measured for length Seed width - Method 1-5 score minutes 1-5 visual score HypLen Length Hypocotyl length Length of the hypocotyl Hypocotyl Weight TWL Weight of harvested leaves Harvested leaf Harvested leaf weight Biomass at Maturity - Method Trait measured by cutting 10 plants at ground level per plot at at 90% plant maturity, oven drying and weighing biomass Visual rating of Septoria affected leaf area Septoria - Method LFSPT Leaf spot Leaf spot infestation Infestation Leaf spot infestation Flower color - Method Visual classification of flower colour in the experimental plot Leafhopper (Empoasca) resistance - Method Visual rating of the extend of leafhopper damage to cowpea on experimental plot basis around 25-30 days after seedling emergence. It is done 1-7 score number 0-4 score 3 classes 0-4 visual score mm plants Bacterial blight Severity of the bacteria blight symptoms caused by X. vignicola BCTBLT Bacterial blight (X. vignicola) severity Severity FLOWCOL Colour Flower color Flower Flower color Damage LYGUSRES Lygus bug damage Lygus bug Damage caused by lygus bug Pod curvature - Method Of mature pods Visual rating of overal frequency and severity of the aphid-borne mosaic virus infection Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus - Method Visual rating of cercospora affected leaf area Cercospora - Method 0-4 visual score % 0-4 visual score mg/kg g Striga count at harvest - Method Count number of striga plant in the experimental plot at harvest Splitting of testa - Method Visual assessment of the splitting of testa Number Nodule number NodNo Nodule Number of nodules g Measure the mean length of 10 freshly opened, randomly selected calyx Calyx lobe length - Method Count the number of plants infected by Striga in the experimental plot 9 weeks after planting Striga- Striga infection - Method Resistance to Striga gesnerioides - Method Visual assessment of the presence of Striga plant per plot g g mg/g VIRINC Virus Incidence Virus Incidence Proportion of plant infected by virus Striga- Height of Striga AHS Height of Striga Height Striga cm pods/peduncle Anthracnose damage Damage Anthracnose Anthracnose damage ATNSE Foliar thrip damage Thrips Damage on leaf FOLTHRIP Foliar thrip damage Seed coat pattern Pattern SDPATRN Seedcoat pattern Seed coat 1-9 density score Leaf-stem ratio Plant Weight of leaves divided by weight of other parts of shoot LeaSteRat Leaf/stem ratio Leaf spot - Method Visual rating of leafspot per plot Protein content Protein content of the leaf Grain Leaf protein content PROTEIN 0-4 visual score Pod sucking bug Severity Pod sucking bug severity Severity of pod sucking bug symptoms PODSB Visual rating of phoma affected plant per plot Phoma - Method 0-4 score 0-4 visual score Visual rating of overal frequency and severity of the Blackeye mosaic virus infection Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus - Method Flower Length StaLen Length of flowers Flower length Length of terminal leaflet whose shape was recorded Length Terminal leaflet length Terminal leaflet TerLeaLen Germination rate GermRat Number of germinated seeds Germination rate Grain 0-4 visual score Visual observation of the presence of hairs on stems, leaves and pods Plant hairiness - Method Diabrotica - Method Visual rating of diabrotica per plot M. javanica root knot nematode - Method Visual assessment of root Visual assessment of the angle of advantitious roots Adventitous root growth angle - Shovelomics Method strigas/plot mm Leafhopper Damage caused by leafhopper (Empoasca) Damage EmpRes Leafhopper (Empoasca) damage Undefined scale adventitious roots mm g Pod sucking bug - Method Visual assessment of pod damage per plot Smut Smut infestation Infestation by Smut SMUT Infestation 1-9 score Color of dry pod - Method Visual observation of the color of the dry pod Pod per plant - Method Count the number of pod on 10 plants from experimental plot and compute the average Days to 95% maturity - Method Number of days from planting to when 95% of plants have mature pods. The maturity stage is visually assessed Pod damage caused by Maruca (insect) attack Maruca damage Damage MARUCA Maruca Visual assessment of 3 order branching density 3rd order branching density - Shovelomics Method plants infected Measure the mean of tap diameter 15cm below soil surface of 10 plants per experimental plot Tap root diameter at 15 - Shovelomics Method Visual assessment of degree of senescence following imposed drought Drought induced senescence - Method Seed thickness - Method Mean thickness of the 10 seeds measured for length - measured perpendicular to length and width In vitro dry matter digestibility - Method In vitro measurerement of the digestibility of green fodder at 50% flowering days method_of Growth pattern - Method Visual observation of growth pattern Measure the height of 5 or 10 random Striga plants per experimental plot 9 weeks after planting and record the average height for the experimental plot Striga- Height of Striga - Method lateral roots % Hills - Method Count number of hill per plot having at least one plant Web blight Damage WEBB Web blight damage Damage caused by WEB BLIGHT 0-7 score Bacteria pustule Damage Bacteria pustule BACTPUST Damage caused by bacteria pustule Plant height - Method Average the height of 5 to 10 plants per plot at maturity branches 7 classes 0-4 visual score plants infected 0-4 visual score basal roots adventitious roots Basal roots 0-6 score mm Grain Quality Grain quality Quality of the grain for marketability Number of racemes per plant - Method Mean of racemes in 10 randomly selected plants Maruca damage - Method Visual rating of damage caused by maruca (insect) number undefined scale variable_of LeaCol Colour Leaf colour Leaf Intensity of green Colour of the leaf 0-4 visual score 1-9 visual score scale_of Reading of the blood testing device Alectra - Method Visual rating of presence/absence of Alectra mm % Bacteria pustule - Method Visual rating of bacteria pustule affected leaf area Presence - absence