MatPump_Meas_2pt Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke pumpkin aroma measurement 2pt scale NARO, Uganda 3 asymmetrical DmgPrphl_M_% IITA Tendo Ssali Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton HoploNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Allan Brown GdFrtFll_Est_1to2 IITA PratyCofNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA FuncRtNum2_Ct_Rt Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International LfChgPres_Est_0or1 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltHvstd_Ct_Plnt Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black central area of the spot becomes slightly depressed and the water-soaked border becomes more pronounced due to darkening. At this stage, a slight yellowing of the leaf tissue immediately surrounding the water-soaked border may occur. 5 Bioversity International HndNbWhlBnch_Ct_hands Rachel Chase SuckHtShtStg_M_cm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Tendo Ssali temp44 IITA Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd3 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International WSuckN_Ct_WSuck Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton FnctLeav_Ct_Leaf Bioversity International 3 male flowers/bracts above the male bud (rest of stalk is bare) Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AcAnYd_Comp_TnHaY Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp14 skinny (w/y less than or equal to 0.45) 1 BoiPlantnFirm_Meas_0to10 Boiled plantain Firmness scale 0-10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Hermann Antonin KOUASSI 2 slightly angled Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise 3 persistent flower relicts (> 20% of the fruits with relicts) IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvMsrd_Ct_weevil 3 moderate blotching (20-50%) BoiPlantnStic_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Boiled plantain Stickiness scale 0-10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire 1 parthenocarpic Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PtYd_Comp_TnHaY Bioversity International YellowPres_Est_0or1 Inge Van den Bergh KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier pseudostemHeightIncrease_Comp_cm2 pseudostemHeightIncrease Sebastien Carpentier growthFresh_Comp_g plantGrowth_fresh KU Leuven growthFresh Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International FstYngLfsptd_Est_dmy IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvBdLgt_M_µM Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RkYgstLf_Comp_leafrank FngSmshdPlpArm_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Matooke stickiness in hand measurement scale 0-10 MatStickT_Meas_0to10 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp16 2 dislike erect 5 IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Gauhl Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton NtHvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb like very much 4 Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvBdWght_M_mg IITA PulpDiam_M_cm IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet DateColl_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet 21-25 cm 3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to6 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgPeelThck_M_mm IITA WvlLvBdWght_M_mg Tendo Ssali Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity Bioversity International MltHandWt_M_kgPlnt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh PStmDiscol_Est_cm WvlAdlt_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali IITA Bioversity International PltSpcg_Comp_m2 Rhiannon Crichton 1 less than or equal to 20 cm 2 green MatMoistM_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke moisture in mouth measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda FrtApxPt_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltDamDesc_Est_txt PMargClasp_Est_1or2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 1 1-2 egg masses Bioversity International temp8 Rhiannon Crichton 2 Stage 2 appears as a stripe, generally brown in colour and visible on the underside of the leaf, later the symptom also appears on the upper part of the limb as a stripe, the yellow colour of which resembles the stripe at stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka. The colour of this stripe will change progressively from brown and later to black on the upper side of the limb, but will retain the brown colour on the underside. 2 good Rhiannon Crichton DateHarv_Date_dmy Bioversity International 3 totally fused (more than 50 % of the length of the pedicel) Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla temp18 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International AnPltPrp_Comp_KgHaY Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp13 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HoploNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp17 3 discolouration of up to one-third of vascular tissue CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to16 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Bioversity International PetColpPres_Est_1or2 Inge Van den Bergh Dry 0 Bioversity International HvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HndNumMsrd_Ct_Hnd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International DeathCause_Est Rhiannon Crichton 2 neutral flowers on one to few hands only near the bunch (rest of stalk is bare) 6 entire inner rhizome discoloured high intensity 10 Bioversity International/IITA temp49 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Matooke aroma measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa MatAro_Meas_0to10 rwcPseudostem rwcPseudostem_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier ps_rwc KU Leuven Bioversity International BlotchCol_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase not clasping 2 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtGrth_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PStmHt_M2_cm 5 grainy 2 few internal spots 1 no visual leaf symptoms Rhiannon Crichton RkPvsMktLf_Comp_leafrank Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp12 8 pink-purple straight in the distal part 3 21-30 cm 2 1 adult male AvgWvlAdltHdCps_M_µM Tendo Ssali IITA black (anthers aborted) 7 obtuse and split 4 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International IntDisProp_Comp_pct CigLfPigm_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Faure IITA-Bioversity International 10 high intensity red-purple 2 temp41 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Inge Van den Bergh PStmSplitPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_ymd adult female 2 2 slightly pointed IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet DamEst_Date_ymd PS_CompResp_PrefScale Bioversity Noel Madalla temp10 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd0 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtCvShp_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International yellow 1 FrtDiam_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI FstYngLfsptd_Est_ymd Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA Danny Coyne PratyNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema DthPrp_Comp_DdPltRt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 10 dont know Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) VitCCnt_M_ IITA Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchFrtNum_Comp_Frt Sebastien Carpentier rwcPlant plant_rwc KU Leuven rwcPlant_Comp_unitless no symptoms 0 IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCpt not dwarf 2 Rhiannon Crichton temp2 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd1 Bioversity International Boiled plantain Sweetness scale 0-10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire BoiPlantnSwt_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI 34-50% of lamina with symptoms 5 2 3-10 egg masses MlBdLngth_M_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International SpotLfNum_Ct_Lf Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International 4 First-spot stage: the streak broadens and becomes more or less fusiform and elliptical in outline and similar to the first-spot stage of Sigatoka (Leach 1946). The transition from streak to spot is further characterised by the development of a light brown, water-soaked border around the spot. This water-soaked effect is especially clear in the early morning, when dew is still present on the leaf, or after rain. Sebastien Carpentier leafAreaIncrease_Comp_cm2 leafAreaIncrease KU Leuven Tendo Ssali IITA WvlLvHdCps_M_µM Altus Viljoen temp38 Stellenbosch University 4 banana bunchy top (BBTD) temp21 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 6-15% of lamina with symptoms 3 Inge Van den Bergh CrmDiscDistTlstSckFW_M_cm Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton ShtHvstTime_Comp_d IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet FrtGrth_M_cm 2 First streak stage: the initial speck elongates, becoming slightly wider, to form a characteristic narrow, reddish brown streak up to 20 mm long and 2.0 mm wide, with the long axis parallel to the leaf venation. At this stage, streaks are more clearly visible on the lower surface of the leaf than on the upper one. The distribution of streaks is variable. Sometimes they are most numerous near the edge of the left side of the leaf. At other times they are equally numerous on both sides of the leaf, and more or less evenly distributed. Frequently they are densely aggregated in a band several cm wide on one side or both sides of the mid-rib, becoming less numerous towards the edge of the leaf. Streaks may be so numerous that every cm2 of leaf surface bears one or more. There is considerable variation in the length of individual streaks on a given leaf, and they frequently overlap to form larger, compound streaks. 3 intermediate Rachel Chase Bioversity International MlRchsPst_Estm_1to5 temp47 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA 4 green yellow Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity intermeditae 2 pseudostem_fresh Sebastien Carpentier massFreshPseudostem pseudostemFreshMass_Meas_g KU Leuven Bioversity International FrtWt_M_gFruit Rhiannon Crichton Boiled plantain Chewiness by number of chews CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire BoiPlantnChew_Meas_number of chews Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Sebastien Carpentier waterLossPlant_Meas_ml KU Leuven waterLossPlant transpPlant NSpotLfProp_Comp_idx IITA-Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Int_1to16 Rhiannon Crichton FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_dmy Bioversity International temp9 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BrctApxShp_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 4 First-spot stage: the streaks broaden and become more or less fusiform or elliptical in outline and a water soaked border appears around each lesion. 6 total discolouration of vascular tissue FrtIntLng_M_cm IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet erect 5 1 no contrast between margin and petiole (without a colour line along) KU Leuven TEtotalDry Sebastien Carpentier transpirationEfficiency_Comp_gml TE_dry IITA-BTI PltEst_Date_ymd Guillaume Bauchet ChgNwLfPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton truncate ( 2 Bioversity International/IITA temp51 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne not parthenocarpic 2 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Moistness scale 0-10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI BoiPlantnMois_Meas_0to10 orange-brown (mahogany, like in Pisang Mas) 1 6 Third or mature spot stage: the centres of the lesions dry out becoming light grey or buff coloured and a bright yellow transitional zone appears between them and the normal green colour of the leaf. The lesions remain clearly visible after the leaf has collapsed or withered because of their light coloured centre and dark border. IITA Danny Coyne PratyCofNumSlWt_Comp_Nema NARO, Uganda MatSurfYellV_Meas_0to10 Matooke surface yellowness measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa Rachel Chase Bioversity International PStmCol_Est_1to16 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton NtHvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International BnchPst_Estm_1to5 Rachel Chase 1 clasping KU Leuven plantGrowth_dry growthDry growthDry_Comp_g Sebastien Carpentier IITA Danny Coyne RadoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema plantFreshMass_Meas_g Sebastien Carpentier massFreshPlant KU Leuven plant_fresh Matooke astringency measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatAstr_Meas_0to10 PA_EstFemale_Txt Bioversity Noel Madalla Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd5 dont know 2 Rhiannon Crichton LfEmRate_Comp_LfWk Bioversity International Bioversity International temp20 Rhiannon Crichton KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier growthPS_per_leafFormed pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf_Comp_cm 5 discolouration greater than two-thirds of vascular tissue Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctBhvBfFll_Est_1to2 Noel Madalla PS_CompFemale_PrefScale Bioversity red 8 IITA Danny Coyne PratyGooNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Third or mature spot stage: the centre of the spot dries out, becoming light grey or buff-coloured, and further depressed. The spot is surrounded by a narrow, well-defined, dark brown or black border. between the latter and the normal green colour of the leaf, there is often a bright yellow transitional zone. After the leaf has collapsed and withered, spots remain clearly visible because of the light-coloured centre and dark border. 6 Allan Brown GdBnch_Est_1to2 IITA discolouration of between one-third and two-thirds of vascular tissue 4 DateDeath_Est_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet 3 purple to blue heightPS lengthPseudostem_Meas_cm Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven heightPseudostem Rachel Chase Bioversity International BlotchA_Est_1to5 PlntgDisTim_Comp_d Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International pointed 1 Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to16 horizontal 4 totalNumFunctionalLeaves Sebastien Carpentier numFuncLeaf KU Leuven numFuncLeaves_Count_unitless Rachel Chase Bioversity International AnthrCl_Est_1to8 5 light green Rhiannon Crichton DET_Comp_d Bioversity International leafChlorosis KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier leafChlorosis_Comp_unitless Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton at an angle 2 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet FlwT_Date_ymd straight in the distal part 2 3 like fairly pink/pink-purple 6 Bioversity International DateDeath_Est_dmy Rhiannon Crichton Initial speck stage: faint, minute, reddish-brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. 1 hanging vertically 1 26-30 cm 4 MeloiNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 0-33 % of older banana leaves turning yellow 2 PratyGooNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne 5 > 100 egg masses 0 no intensity OdStdLfRk_Ct_leaf Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA WvlLv_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) 3 16-33% of lamina with symptoms 4 3 watery green Bioversity International PStmSplitPres_Est_0or1 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtWtAvg_M_g high intensity 10 FrtLngth_M_cm Rachel Chase Bioversity International entity dark green 8 2 one yellow finger IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 Bioversity International temp23 Rhiannon Crichton brown 1 Bioversity International PltNtHvstd_Ct_Plnt Rhiannon Crichton Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctImbrcApxMlBd_Est_1to3 5 like extremely Bioversity International PltPltd_Ct_Plnt Rhiannon Crichton PratyNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCdsd IITA-Bioversity International 4 curved (sharp curve) Bioversity International Rachel Chase PdcFsn_Est_1to2 Guillaume Bauchet OffTypEst_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Rachel Chase FrtftPdclLgth_Est_1to3 Bioversity International 2 isolated points of discolouration in vascular tissue 2 sparse blotching (<20%) FngUnSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) wide with erect margins 2 MatSweet_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Matooke sweetness measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa IITA AvgWvlLvBdLgt_M_µM Tendo Ssali Rachel Chase Bioversity International MlBdShp_Comp_1to5 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp53 Bioversity International/IITA Bioversity International FrtNb_Ct_gFruit Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity PS_CompMale_PrefScale Noel Madalla 7 pink-purple SptPsdStmPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton waterLossDay_Comp_ml rateWaterLossPerDay Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven waterLossDaily IITA Danny Coyne NmRpFctr_Ct_Nema 7 nematodes absent 0 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RtnCrpCyc_Comp_d KU Leuven lengthSum Sebastien Carpentier totLeafLength_Meas_cm BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_ymd Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 1 leaf spots Rachel Chase Bioversity International PMargColL_Est_1or2 base of the style prominent 3 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Bioversity International FrtLngth_M_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton YlLfPercFW_Comp_pct BrctClExtFc_Est_1to10 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Tendo Ssali temp42 IITA not winged and clasping the pseudostem 4 Elizabeth Kakhasa MatFirmM_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Matooke firmness in mouth measurement scale 0-10 IITA-BTI AvgFrtIntLng_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp52 Bioversity International/IITA Sebastien Carpentier singleLeafWidth_Meas_cm KU Leuven widthSingleLeaf widthPerLeaf Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DIT_Comp_d Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity International Rachel Chase AnthrCl_Est_1to16 RchsWt_M_kg Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton present 1 Bioversity International Rachel Chase BrctClExtFc_Int_1to8 5 other Rachel Chase Bioversity International MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to4 6 Stage 6 is when the centre of the spot dries out, turns clear gray and is surrounded by a well-defined black ring, which is, in turn, surrounded by a bright yellow halo. These spots remain visible after the leaf has dried out because the ring persists. light green 5 Bioversity International FrtftPdclLgth_M_mm Rachel Chase leafDryMass_Meas_g Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven massDryLeaf leaf_dry KU Leuven relativeLeaf_dry massDryratioLeaf Sebastien Carpentier leafToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth_Comp_percm leaves_per_heightPS KU Leuven Tendo Ssali IITA WvlAdltBdWght_M_mg orange red 10 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_ymd other 8 Bioversity International BlotchA_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase PdltFrt_Est_1to2 IITA Allan Brown weevils 6 moderately imbricate 2 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PulpDiam_M_mm waterLossSystPerLeafArea_Meas_mlcm2 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven waterLossSystem_per_Area 1 winged Bioversity International/IITA temp50 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne absent 0 MatSmoothM_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke smoothness in hand measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Rhiannon Crichton PltEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International other 9 MeloiNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchHndNum_Ct_Hnd IITA Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvHdCps_M_µM Bioversity International DamEst_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton PA_EstMale_Txt Bioversity Noel Madalla Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp45 CauDam_Est_txt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International HvstDth_Comp_d Rhiannon Crichton FrtExtLng_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton SSuckN_Ct_SSuck Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtDiam_M_mm CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton SuckNum_Ct_Suck Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp19 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet Shoot_Date_ymd red-purple 4 CrmIntDiscFW_Est_1to5 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International pseudostemDryMass_Meas_g ps_dry Sebastien Carpentier massDryPseudostem KU Leuven 3 long (equal to or more than 30 cm) Bioversity International HndFrtNum_Ct_Frt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp11 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DthDnst_Comp_PlntHa HandWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BnchFrtNum_Ct_Frt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HndMltpFrtNum_Ct_Frt areaPerLeaf Sebastien Carpentier areaSingleLeaf KU Leuven singleLeafArea_Meas_cm2 Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla Rachel Chase Bioversity International MlBdShd_Comp_1to3 dislike very much 1 0 soft red 3 1 short (y less than or equal to 20 cm) lumpy 0 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp40 less than or equal to 2 m 1 Rachel Chase Bioversity International BnchShp_Estm_1to5 Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black centre of each lesion becomes slightly depressed and water soaked border becomes more pronounced. 5 brown 2 Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity rwcRoot_Comp_unitless rwcRoot Sebastien Carpentier root_rwc KU Leuven equal to or more than 31 cm 5 FrtGrth_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton heterogeneous 0 5 banana streak virus (BSV) Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd6 Rhiannon Crichton AvgPulpDiam_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_pct Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkInfIndex_Comp_Idx Bioversity International PStmGrth_M_cm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton KU Leuven areaPlantTop Sebastien Carpentier topLeafArea_Meas_cm2 area_topView IITA Tendo Ssali AvgWvlAdltBdWght_M_mg areaLeaves KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier areaTotLeaves totLeafArea_Meas_cm2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International BlotchCol_Est_1to4 4 ovoid 5 curved in slight S shape (double curvature) 1 without flower relicts 4 other Bioversity International PltDead_Ct_Plnt Rhiannon Crichton Christophe Jenny CIRAD MlRchsTp_Estm_1to2 FngSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtExtLng_M_cm Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven massDryRootShoot rootShootDry_Comp_unitless rootShootRatioDry HandAvgWt_M_kgPlnt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PMargCol_Esr_1to4 Rachel Chase Bioversity International IITA Danny Coyne RotyNumSlWt_CompNema Sebastien Carpentier leafFreshMass_Meas_g massFreshLeaf leaf_fresh KU Leuven blue 7 FngWtTtl_Comp_kg Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Elizabeth Kakhasa MatSour_Meas_0to10 Matooke sourness measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda with a curve 3 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AnCrpCyclPrp_Comp_CrpCclY areaPlant_per_areaTot Sebastien Carpentier areaRatio KU Leuven leafAreaRatio_Comp_unitless Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp48 PsdHght_E Bioversity International Rachel Chase IITA Danny Coyne HelicoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema obtuse 3 lanceolate 2 Noel Madalla Bioversity PA_EstResp_Txt no intensity 0 orange red 7 massDryPlant KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier plantDryMass_Meas_g plant_dry Plantain ontology Banana ontology Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PtlClpFW_Comp_pct IITA WvlAdltMsrd_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali Tendo Ssali WvlAdltPrTrp_Ct_weevil IITA Second-streak stage: streaks change colour from reddish brown to dark brown or black, sometimes with a purplish tinge, clearly visible at the upper surface of the leaf. 3 50-75 % of roots galled 4 IITA Danny Coyne NmNumSlWt 1 open with margins spreading Other 5 Tendo Ssali WvlAdltHdCps_M_µM IITA 5 firm purple 5 pointed 1 PltDth_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton black-purple 4 Sebastien Carpentier singleLeafLength_Meas_cm KU Leuven lengthPerLeaf lengthSingleLeaf Rachel Chase Bioversity International MlBdShp_Comp_1to3 1 add** IITA Dwfsm_Est_1to2 Allan Brown Rachel Chase Bioversity International PMargWing_Est_1or2 temp35 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International DmgIdxInn_M_% IITA Tendo Ssali no egg masses 0 less than 1% of lamina with symptoms, only streaks and/or up to 10 spots 1 medium (20 cm < y < 30 cm) 2 IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvPrTrp_Ct_weevil truncated 1 rwcLeaf leaf_rwc KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier rwcLeaf_Comp_unitless Boiled plantain Mealiness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnMeal_Meas_0to10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International ExtDisProp_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PStmHt_M1_cm Stellenbosch University temp37 Altus Viljoen Bioversity International temp31 Rhiannon Crichton Tendo Ssali IITA AvgWvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM PltFstLfSptd_Ct_leaf Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 winged and clasping the pseudostem 4 yellow Stage 3 differs from the previous one by its dimensions. The stripe becomes longer, is enlarged and in certain conditions (weak inoculum and unfavourable climatic conditions) can reach 2 or 3 cm. 3 blunt-tipped (plateau at tip) 3 10 orange red RadoNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Inge Van den Bergh LfChgPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International 3 brown-black < 1/3 discoloured 3 IITA-Bioversity International SptLfNb_Ct_leaf Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtExtLng_M_cm Bioversity International Matooke moldability measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda MatMolT_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa IITA temp43 Tendo Ssali 1 cream DateHarv_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet 4 31-100 egg masses 1 trace infections with a few small galls Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtDiam_M_mm Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI DateColl_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp32 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 10 hard sparse blotching 1 1 no internal symptoms few flower relicts (< 20% of the fruits with relicts) 2 black-purple 3 1 fully green 13-16 2 other 10 KU Leuven numLeaf totalNumLeaves Sebastien Carpentier numLeaves_Count_unitless less than or equal to 12 1 1/3-2/3 discoloured 4 no intensity 0 soft 0 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International YellowPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd4 firm 10 Bioversity Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke hardness in hand measurement scale 0-10 MatHardT_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FlwT_Date_dmy 4 extensive pigmentation (>50%) Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp30 IITA WvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM Tendo Ssali Rhiannon Crichton BnchWt_M_kg Bioversity International IITA-BTI BnchMatStg_Est_1to2 Guillaume Bauchet Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Bioversity International Shoot_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton 4 neutral/male flowers and presence of withered bracts on the entire stalk 4 green yellow 3 hanging at a 45 degree angle 16-20 cm 2 Rhiannon Crichton MltFrtWt_M_gFruit Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FlwHvstTime_Comp_d 10 bright yellow 5 purple-brown 5 neutral/male flowers on the whole stalk without persistent bracts (still firmly attached to the rachis) High shouldered (x/y less than or equal to 0.28) 1 10 Moist PMargCol_Esr_1to16 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Bioversity International HndRnk_Ct_HndRnk Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International StdLf_Ct_leaf Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton 3 yellow FrtNbMdHndBnch_Ct_ft Rachel Chase Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA DeadRtNum2_Ct_Rt Stage 5 is when the elliptical spot is totally black and has spread to the underside of the limb. It is surrounded by a yellow halo with the centre beginning to flatten out. 5 5 rounded PlntShtTime_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton other 5 Rhiannon Crichton CropCyc_Comp_d Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International PMargWing_Est_1or5 relativeRoot_dry massDryratioRoot Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rootToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless KU Leuven root_dry Sebastien Carpentier massDryRoot rootDryMass_Meas_g Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltDnsty_Comp_PlntHa waterLossSyst_Meas_ml waterLossSystem transpSyst KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier MatGrass_Meas_2pt NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke grassy aroma measurement 2pt scale intermediate 3 moldable 10 BrctClExtFc_Est_1to16 Rachel Chase Bioversity International bright yellow 5 4 other 5 rounded IITA DmgIdxOut_M_% Tendo Ssali 1 Initial speck stage: symptoms are first visible to the naked eye as faint, minute (less than 0.25 mm diam), reddish brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. Specks are often most abundant near the margin of the left side of the leaf, particularly towards the tip. Where leaf spot is severe, specks have been observed on the second leaf of plants that have not yet produced a bunch. Elsewhere they usually appear on the third, fourth, or older leaves. 3 ivory large blotches 3 Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity 10 smooth 2 yellow FstBrctApxShp_Est_1to4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase 3 straight with erect margins pink-purple to red 2 3 fat (w/y equal to or more than 0.55) IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 Second-streak stage: the streaks may elongate slightly, but the most notable change is that in colour from reddish brown to dark brown or almost black, sometimes with a purplish tinge. The streak is now clearly visible on the upper surface of the leaf. The distribution of streaks at this stage of development varies in the same way as mentioned above. When streaks are very numerous, and more or less evenly distributed, the entire leaf blackens. 3 present 1 no pigmentation 1 5 brown/rusty brown FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton LfEmRate_Comp_LfMth Bioversity International KU Leuven relativePS_dry massDryratioPseudostem Sebastien Carpentier pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless 1 cylindrical 9 whitish 3 other (specify on answer sheet) TrpNum_Ct_weeviltrap Tendo Ssali IITA Bioversity International MSuckN_Ct_MSuck Rhiannon Crichton attribute cream 1 11-20 mm 2 1 white low shouldered (x/y more than or equal to 0.30) 3 1 revolute (rolling) medium intensity 5 3 juvenile Bioversity International/IITA temp46 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne without any floral relicts 1 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International MlBdLngthRt_M_1to3 Rachel Chase 1 falling vertically dwarf 1 5 without pigmentation 3 highly imbricate less than or equal to 10 mm 1 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton OffTypEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rachel Chase MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to5 1 bare persistent style 2 67-100 % of all leaves turning yellow and necrotic, with leaves hanging down the pseudostem 4 2 not revolute (not rolling) 2 ** 0 non sticky only base of the style persists 4 other 6 1 margins spreading 3 watery green 2.1-2.9 m 2 9 orange-red MlRchsApp_Estm_1to7 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HndFrtAvgNum_Ct_Frt Bioversity International Bioversity International/IITA NmNumRtWt Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne PSuckN_Ct_PSuck Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton > 75 % of roots galled 5 Inge Van den Bergh PetColpPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International straight 1 2 small blotches 4 grey margins overlapping 5 temp22 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton rootFreshMass_Meas_g KU Leuven root_fresh massFreshRoot Sebastien Carpentier 1 green margins overlapping 4 2 present 1 less than or equal to 15 cm 4 Stage 4 appears on the underside as a brown spot and on the upper side as a black spot. 25-50 % of roots galled 3 corm completely clean, no vascular discolouration 1 Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity 5 medium intensity like a top 1 2 slightly curved 1 bad 4 obtuse absent 0 8 dark green margins curved inward 4 10 pink/pink-purple 1 winged and undulating Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp15 purple brown 6 Bioversity International CormDiscol_Est_1to6 Inge Van den Bergh 5 medium intensity Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatSurfHomColV_Meas_0to10 Matooke surface homogeneity of colour measurement scale 1-10 Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise 7 green whitish 9 Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to5 2 cream Rachel Chase Bioversity International FrtCvShp_Est_1to6 medium intensity 5 other 8 absent 1 2 dark brown 6 purple 1 green equal to or more than 21 mm 3 margins erect 2 fusarium wilt 2 4 strongly bottle-necked (wider under tip than number 2) IITA Sckr_Est_1to2 Allan Brown yellow 2 high intensity 10 horizontal or supra-horizontal 4 4 extensive pigmentation curved in S shape (double curvature) 4 cream 2 51-100% of lamina with symptoms 6 Small bunch from neutral/hermaphrodite flowers just above the male bud 6 present 2 margins curved inward 3 equal to or more than 31 cm 3 curved (sharp curve) 3 11-30 egg masses 3 winged and not clasping the pseudostem 2 First streak stage: specks elongate, becoming slightly wider to form narrow reddish-brown streaks. 2 6 medium green 2 medium (0.45 < w/y < 0.55) 1 white 5 plant dead, with brown leaves hanging down the pseudostem 6 medium green equal to or more than 17 3 spiral (all fruit are attached to a unique crown coiled around the stalk) 4 0 crumbly 9 red-purple 2 1-5% of lamina with symptoms not winged and not clasping the pseudostem 5 7 green PeelThck_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 34-66 % of older leaves turning yellow, with some hanging down the pseudostem 5 other 2 not winged 0 very light yellow Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity convolute 1 contrast between margin and petiole (with a contrasting colour line along) 2 1 pointed < 25 % of roots galled 2 sticky 10 1 no visible sign of fusion Stage 1 appears as a small depigmentation spot whose whitish or yellow colour resembles stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka disease. These symptoms are not visible in transmitted light and can be observed only on the underside of the leaf. 1 egg 4 2 medium shouldered (0.28 < x/y < 0.30) acronym 1 straight (or slightly curved) 5 obtuse and split low intensity 0 lengthily pointed (like plantain) 2 8 mole rats equal to or more than 3 m 3 7 Other orange 6 10 homogeneous 2 partially fused (up to 50 % of the length of the pedicel) > 1/3 discoloured 5 The growth (weight increase) per volume transpired water transpirationEfficiency Transpiration efficiency Efficiency Combined percentage with external symptoms of Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in 3rd hand and the Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand, divided by 2, and multiplied by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (16 + 12) / 2 * 8 = 112. Number of fingers in bunch - estimation Selection traits (text) Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Stunting expressed as height growth per new formed leaf Pseudostem height increase per leaf formed pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf Growth End date and time of data collection dateendtimedatacoll Date and time of end of data collection The date and time of the end of data collection on a plant. Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Damage to upper outer corm weevils - measurement causedeath Cause of death The cause of death of the plant. Cause of death Root to whole plant mass ratio Ratio rootToPlantMassRatio_dry Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of roots versus whole plant dry mass ratio Calculate as: 100 multiplied by (Youngest leaf spotted, minus 1), divided by Number of standing leaves, e.g. 100 * (6 - 1) / 12 = 42. Index of non-spotted leaves - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 - computation Calculate as: the sum of Damage to inner corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to outer corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to inner corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, and Damage to outer corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, divided by the number of traits included in the sum, e.g. (25 + 36 + 18 + 20) / 4 = 24.8. Average damage to the corm weevils - computation mL Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Record on the last developed leaf at [x flowering stage] [shooting]. Colour line along edge of petiole margin - estimation Number of Radopholus similis per fresh root weight Population density Number of Radopholus similis in roots The color of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Colour Fruit unsmashed pulp colour Off-type description - estimation Record a description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. Weighing of water loss though system normalized by leaf area Water loss - measurement Damage to periphery of peeled corm caused by weevils Peripheral damage caused by weevils The percentage of damage to the periphery of the peeled corm, assessed by tunnels caused by weevils The average actual annual yield, taking into account the proportion of plants harvested, from the number of plants planted actualannyield Average actual annual yield Average actual annual yield Plant state description - estimation Record a description of the state of the plant. Weevil larvae body weight - measurement Measurement under microscope suckering Overall suckering quality Sucker quality The overall estimation of sucker quality on a mat Preference score Overall plant appearance Calculation of preference score by respondents PS Number of Radopholus similis per soil sample Number of Radopholus similis in soil Population density Fusarium wilt external symptoms scale Number of fingers The estimated number of fingers in the bunch based on a calculation using the number of fingers in the third and second-most distal hands and the number of hands in the bunch. Calculated number of fingers in bunch estnumfingers Index of black leaf streak disease severity fruitpulpcolour Fruit pulp colour The colour of the fruit pulp. Pulp colour Preference number scale fusion of pedicel scale (1 to 2) Time from harvest to death - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of death of the current plant, e.g. 24/03/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 90 days. Number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the plant. Ratio of non green to green plant pixels Leaf chlorosis - computation An index to express the proportion of standing leaves without the typical late-stage symptoms of black leaf streak disease, i.e. a black spot with a necrotic centre. This index provides an estimation of available photosynthetic leaf area prior to fruit filling and is a measure of resistance. It also corrects for the difference in the number of leaves produced by different types of bananas. INSL Index of non-spotted leaves Index of non-spotted leaves Number of adult weevil trap - counting Visual counting method of Weevil traps (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long). Dwarfism - estimation Visual estimation of dwarfism, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Black leaf streak disease severity Black leaf streak disease severity BLS An indication of the extent of damage on an individual leaf caused by black leaf streak disease. Number of fingers in outer whorl The number of fingers in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand numfingersouterwhorl2nddistalhand sweetness scale 0-10 Banana weevil larvae average body length Average body length The average length of a weevil larvae body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Matooke Matooke sweetness MatSweet Sweetness basic taste produced by dilute aqueous solutions of natural or artificial substances such as sucrose plantspacing Area allocated to one plant Plant spacing The area allocated to one plant. Number of Pratylenchus spp. in roots Population density Number of Pratylenchus spp. per fresh root weight Number of nematodes (unclassified spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample bud shoulder scale (1 to 3) Rank handid2ndmostdistal The rank (order) of a the second-most distal hand in the bunch. Hand rank of 2nd-most distal hand % Sucker quality - estimation Visual estimation of suckering, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Nematode lifecycle stage The lifecycle stage(s) of the nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Lifecycle stages present Visual assessment. Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Matooke Color of the surface of the sample from light yellow to bright yellow Matooke surface yellowness intensity Surface yellowness intensity MatSurfYellV Ratio - computation Ratio of leaf dry mass versus plant dry mass Visually observe the male rachis appearance and choose the option that is most similar. Male rachis appearance - estimation Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in roots Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per fresh root weight Population density Leaf relative water content Content rwcLeaf The relative water content in a leaf Gauhls modification of Stovers severity scoring system (YYYY) Average fruit pulp lateral diameter - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Fruit pulp lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.1 + 4.8 + 3.7 + 4.6 + 5.6 + 6.4) / 6 = 4.7. cm Individual male respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Preference scoring scale male respondents Recorded from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Pseudostem height - estimation Fresh plant growth Fresh mass accumulation over time Growth growthFresh leaves/month Number of water suckers - counting Count how many water suckers are in the mat. Overall plant appearance Overall plant appearance PA Assessment by respondents of physical features of a plant by giving it a score on the preference scale Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Harvest density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,250 = 68.13. Actual annual yield - computation Combined density of plants not harvested Non-harvest density nonharvdens The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), in a defined area. The ratio of dry mass of belowground (root) to abovegrund (shoot) biomass rootShootDry Ratio Ratio root to shoot Date of recognising off-type - estimation Record the date of event. Main colour of the first external unlifted bract internal face Colour of the internal face Colour of bract internal face The dry weight of the whole plant. plantDryMass Plant dry weight Dry weight Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the width of the peel, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger peel thickness - measurement Plant height - petiole of two youngest leaves - measurement Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Single leaf length Length singleLeafLength The length of a leaf Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 - estimation Record the date of event. Percentage of dead roots Percentage of dead roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are dead. Count how many fingers are in multiple hands. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of hands measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Multiple number of fingers in hand - counting Record the rank (order) of the second-most distal hand in the bunch, starting with the hand at the proximal end (closest to the pseudostem) of the bunch as 1 and continuing to the hand at the most distal end (closest to the male bud). Hand rank - counting Mealiness scale 0-10 Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt For the plant, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Collect all roots from a standard size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 1 cm pieces. Take a subsample of 5 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Stain the egg masses by immersing the roots in 0.15 g/L phloxine B for 15 mins. Count the number of egg-laying females under a stereo microscope. Nematode egg-laying females extent - estimation Growth - computation Dry weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) 1 to 5 acceptability score Selection criteria for genotype ranked second highest by respondents Genotype selection traits Description of traits considered important in selection of second best genotype by respondents Calculate as: the Number of dead roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 8 / 20 * 100 = 40 % dead roots. Percentage of dead roots - computation Male rachis position - estimation Visually observe the male rachis position (the part between the last hand and the male bud) and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.12 in the reference material. m2 Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with female respondents Take a part of the sample between fingers and evaluate how hard the sample is Hardness in hand method Combined percentage with yellowing leaves Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt waterLossSystPerLeafArea Volume System water loss per leaf area The amount of water loss in the system normalized by the leaf area Increase of leaf area Leaf area increase over time Growth leafAreaIncrease kg/plant/y dateflower Date of flowering Date of flowering The date the last bracts fall from the most distal hand (closest to the male bud) to display the female flowers. Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation of 50 nematodes per 8 cm length after 12 weeks Population density Nematode reproduction factor (microplot screening) Measure the length (y) of a projection/outline of the male bud on paper, with a measuring tape or ruler. Male bud length - measurement Date of data collection - estimation Record the date of event. Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise hands Date of damage - estimation Record the date of event. Number of functional leaves functleaves The number of leaves on the plant that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Number of functional leaves Number of standing leaves Number of standing leaves The number of leaves attached to the plant that have an erect petiole (not bent or broken). g BD colour chart A - 1996 The texture of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit unsmashed pulp texture Texture Electronic weighing method Adult weevil body - measurement Moisture in mouth method Put a part of the sample in the mouth, chew and evaluate the quantity of water within the sample. plantcircumf75cm The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar. Plant circumference 75 cm from the collar Circumference 75 cm above the ground The average weight of the fingers. avefingerweight Average weight Average finger weight bad good Date of shooting dateshoot Date of shooting The date the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position. Cut a hand from the rachis and weigh the hand, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. Hand weight - measurement Peripheral damage - measurement Visual observation Number of banana weevil traps used How many How many banana weevil traps used. Visual assessment. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of functional roots. Number of functional roots - counting leaf nummaidensuckers Number of maiden suckers Number of maiden suckers The number of maiden suckers (fully grown suckers with foliage leaves) in the mat. Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 24 / 300 * 100 = 8%. Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Extent of discolouration The extent of discolouration in the corm of the tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt Average hand weight - all - computation Calculate as: the Total finger weight, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. 46.8 / 16 = 2.9. Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Leaf area increase between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation % Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in soil Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per soil sample Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 112 / 300 * 100 = 37%. Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation unitless Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape Male bud shoulder - computation leafChlorosis Chlorosis Leaf trait correlated to the health stage of the leaf Leaf chlorosis Visually observe and record the amount of the surface area of a standing leaf that is affected by black leaf streak disease. Black leaf streak disease severity - estimation Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (4 - 1) / 1 month = LER of 3 leaves/month during a particular time period. Monthly leaf emission rate - computation Ratio Male bud shoulder description Male bud shoulder leaf Place the sample in the mouth, chew it at the rate of one chewing per second and assess the number of chews before swallowing. Chewiness Sensory Texture method deathprop Death proportion The proportion of plants that are dead, from the number of plants planted. Combined proportion of plants that are dead Leaf area to plant area ratio Ratio leafAreaRatio Ratio of projected leaf area to the actual leaf area, measure for the compactness of the plant crown Stickiness Force required to peel off the fraction of product adhering to the interior of the oral cavity Boiled plantain Boiled plantain Stickiness BoiPlantnStic pseudostemHeightIncrease Pseudostem height increase over time Height increase of pseudostem Growth Cut the hands off the rachis and weigh the rachis, using scales. Rachis weight - measurement The total number of all roots (both dead and functional) in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number Number of all roots stickiness scale 0-10 Date and time of start of data collection The date and time of the start of data collection on a plant. Start date and time of data collection datestarttimedatacoll finger dd/mm/yyyy Fresh weight A pseudostem weight trait which is the fresh weight of a pseudostem pseudostemFreshMass Pseudostem fresh weight fingerweight Weight Finger weight The weight of a finger. Visually observe the colour of the external face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Colour of bract external face - estimation Open question Ratio - computation Ratio of root dry mass versus plant dry mass Black leaf streak disease development time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 92 days. Plant circumference at collar - measurement Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible. datedamage The date damage to the plant is first observed. Date of damage Date of damage plant The average weight of the hands. Average weight Average hand weight avehandweight Weighing Fresh weight - measurement Average internal length Average finger internal length The average length of the fingers measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. avefingerintlength Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin colour - estimation bud size scale (1 to 3) water suckers µM crop cycle duration/year BoiPlantnSwt Boiled plantain Sweetness Elemental flavor caused by dilute aqueous solutions of various substances such as sucrose or aspartame Boiled plantain Sweetness The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 Length of male bud from end of rachis to apex of the bud Length Male bud length Combined weight totalfingerweight Total finger weight The weight of all the hands of the bunch, excluding the rachis. Bunch weight Weight bunchweight The weight of the bunch, including the rachis. Fruit shape of curve Shape of the longitudinal curvature Shape of a fruit (finger) in the middle of the bunch **subsume Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight - method Matooke hardness Hardness in hand MatHardT Matooke mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Date of tagging at Bruns stage B of unrolling The date a tagged cigar leaf is at Bruns stage B of unrolling. Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B Annual plant productivity - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, e.g. 48 * 1.09 = 52.32. Measure the length of a finger, along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger internal length - measurement The date of death of the plant. datedeath Date of death Date of death The proportion of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), from the number of plants planted. nonharvprop Combined proportion of plants not harvested Non-harvest proportion Nosal smell - estimation Nosal smell assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp aromas numfingersmeas Number used to obtain a measurement The number of fingers used to obtain a measurement. Number of fingers measured nematode lifecycle stages Dwarfism dwarfism Dwarfism of plants The presence or absence of dwarfism on a mat Number of sword suckers Number of sword suckers The number of sword suckers (suckers with narrow leaves and a large rhizome) in the mat. numswordsuckers The stage of maturity of the bunch at harvest. bunchmaturity Bunch maturity stage at harvest Stage of maturity at harvest Visually observe the fruit pulp colour and select the option in the colour chart that is most representative. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Fruit pulp colour - estimation BD colour chart A - 2016 kg Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. Calculate as: the Bunch weight, minus the Rachis weight, e.g. 50 - 10 = 40. Total finger weight - computation variable_of Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description A description of the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection being done at the time of data collection. Pest/disease assessment/sample collection description pestdiseasesampledescription Calculation from count Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation - computation Time from shooting to harvest - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of shooting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/09/2014 = 91 days. MatAroGrassA Aroma of fresh grass Grassy-like aroma Matooke aroma grassy Matooke Population density Number of Meloidogyne spp. in roots Number of Meloidogyne spp. per fresh root weight Vitamin C - measurement Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. A description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. describeofftype Description of how off-type Off-type description Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the range. Fruit pedical length - range - measurement The proportion of plants that are harvested, from the number of plants planted. Harvest proportion harvprop Combined proportion of plants harvested The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem of the tallest sucker should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Leaf area difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation Black leaf streak disease evolution time Time elapsed from Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 to 6 The time elapsed between the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, to 6. DET rootFreshMass Root fresh weight Fresh weight A root weight trait which is the fresh weight of a root Height plantheightneck Plant height to neck of peduncle The height of the pseudostem of the plant from the collar to the curved neck of the peduncle. Main colour of the backside of the compound tepal Main colour Compound tepal main colour Visually observe the shape of the curve of the fruit and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.4. in the reference material. Observe the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. In case of an asymmetric bunch that has straight and curved fruits, please indicate it in the note section and score only the fruit on the upper side of the bunch. Fruit shape of curve - estimation Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Combined percentage with changes in new leaves Leaf length - measurement The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Average number of banana weevil adults The average of how many adult banana weevils caught per trap. Average number of banana weevil adults per trap Combined number of plants that are dead The number of plants that are dead. Number of plants dead numdead The amount of water loss in the system over time System water loss Volume waterLossSyst functional roots Mark the youngest completely unrolled leaf and record its rank, which is always 1. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of marked youngest leaf - counting Finger circumference - measurement Measure the circumference of a finger at its widest point, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Water loss - measurement Weighing of water loss though system between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) mm Percentage of plants with petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with petiole collapse rwcPlant Content Plant relative water content The relative water content in the whole plant pulp colour Content rwcPseudostem The relative water content in a pseudostem Pseudostem relative water content The average length of the fingers measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Average external length avefingerextlength Average finger external length Matooke complex sensation, accompanied by shrinking, drawing or puckering of the skin or mucosal surface in the mouth, produced by substances such as kaki tannins or sloe tannins MatAstr Matooke astringency Astringency Record the relative surface area coverage by blotches. [x Look at several plants if possible to get an overall idea. Observe at flowering time]. Blotches area - estimation Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Proportion of crop cycle that takes place in one year anncropcycprop The proportion of the crop cycle that takes place in one year. Annual crop cycle proportion mg Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Visual assessment. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Anther colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the anther colour on the face opposite to the dehiscence split of the anther. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Combined density of plants harvested Harvest density The number of plants that are harvested, in a defined area. harvdens Matooke aroma matooke MatAroMatA Matooke Aroma of the local matooke. Matooke-like aroma fruit relicts scale (1 to 3) Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Fusion of pedicels - estimation Visually observe the fusion of pedicels and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.7.11. in the reference materials. Observe before they join the rachis at the bract scar. Look upwards from the bottom of the bunch. Moistness scale 0-10 Banana pest disease growthDry Growth Dry mass accumulation over time Dry plant growth weevil Number of maiden suckers - counting Count how many maiden suckers are in the mat. On a bunch with mostly hands of > 10 fingers, a possible ultimate hand with 1-5 (rather smaller) fingers should not be counted. Number of hands on whole bunch - counting numhands Number of hands Number of hands in bunch The number of hands in the bunch. Weighing Fresh weight - measurement External length The length of a finger measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. fingerextlength Finger external length Boiled plantain Chewiness BoiPlantnChew Chewiness Energy or number of chews necessary to chew the banana to make it ready to be swallowed Boiled plantain bud shape scale (1 to 5) avenumfingshand The average number of fingers in a hand. Average number of fingers in hand Average number of fingers clasping or not clasping Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Record the date of event. plants harvested/plants planted Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Where root knot nematode galls are present, determine the extent of the galling using the scale. Nematode root knot galling extent - estimation Count how many peeper suckers are in the mat. Number of peeper suckers - counting Bunch shape - estimation Visually observe the shape of the mature bunch on a fully developed plant that is not experiencing environmental stress and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.4.7. in the reference material. Smoothness-mouth feel The smoothness-mouth feel of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit smashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel Date of flowering - estimation Record the date of event. Number of adult weevils - counting Visual counting method of Weevils per trap (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long) End date and time of data collection - estimation Record the date and time of event. Rank The current rank (position) of the leaf that was previously marked as the youngest leaf at the time of the last data collection event. Rank of previously marked leaf rankprevleaf Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Height The height of the pseudostem of the plant, from the collar to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves. plantheightpetioles Plant height Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field - estimation Visual assessment. The third leaf (Leaf III) is counted from the last leaf produced before [x bunch emergence] [shooting]. Cut the petiole halfway between the pseudostem and the leaf blade and examine the cross section. [x Observe at flowering time]. Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf - estimation The overall estimation fruit pendulance on a bunch pendulantfruit Finger pendulance quality Overall fruit pendulance quality Bract behaviour before falling - estimation Visually observe the last bract to lift from the hands, ideally when the bract has lifted to a horizontal position, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 2 photos of descriptpr 6.5.12 in the reference material. blotch color scale (1 to 5) Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch - counting Count only fully developed fruit. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands. Count the middle hand that developed first. Plant density - computation Calculate as: number of square metres in the area unit of choice, divided by the Plant spacing, e.g. 10,000 square metres in 1 hectare / 6 = 1,667 plants/ha. Gram accumulated biomass per volume water transpired Transpiration efficiency - computation scale_of Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse - estimation Visual assessment. Percentage damage to upper cross-section outer corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-upper-outer The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) upper cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Time from planting to death plant2death Time from planting to death The time elapsed from planting to the death of the plant. bunch maturity Record the apparent cause of the damage to the plant, e.g. strong winds, weevil damage, etc. Cause of damage - estimation The rank (order) of the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 leaf spot light-coloued dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. YLS Rank of youngest leaf spotted Youngest leaf spotted nematodes/unit of fresh root weight yyyy/mm/dd Vitamin C content The Vitamin C content of freeze-dried smashed pulp of a mature fruit Vitamin C content Top view image of loose leaves Leaf area - measurement Black leaf streak disease development time The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 6 DDT Total finger weight - hands - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Hand weight measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8 = 40.0. Count how many fingers are in the bunch. Number of fingers in bunch - counting Average finger peel thickness - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger peel thickness measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3) / 6 = 2. Presence/absence of yellowing Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt The presence/absence of yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. YL Description of traits considered important in selection of second least genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked second lowest by respondents No. per 10g datedatacoll The date of data collection. Date of data collection Date of data collection Average body weight Banana weevil adult average body weight The average weight of a banana weevil adult body. Bunch maturity stage - estimation Estimate maturity stage of the bunch. Visually observe the angle of the bunch and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.6 in the reference material. Bunch position - estimation A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a month. LER Monthly leaf emission rate Monthly leaf emission rate Multiple number of fingers in hand multnumfingshand The number of fingers in multiple hands. Number of fingers mm 5 pt corm discolouration scale plantcircumf100cm Plant circumference 100 cm from the collar The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 100 cm from the collar. Circumference 1 m above the ground Put a piece of banana in your mouth, chew it and swirl it around your tongue to detect the sweet flavor Taste method Sweetness Damage to lower outer corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Leaf width - measurement The shortest diagonal of a fitted ellips Plant fresh weight Fresh weight plantFreshMass A plant weight trait which is the fresh weight of a plant Researchers calculate the preference score by respondents Preference score individual respondents Adult weevil head capsule - measurement Measurement under microscope Date of planting dateplant The date of planting the plant. Date of planting Damage percent X-upper-inner The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) upper cross-section, assessed by the percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Percentage damage to upper cross-section inner corm caused by weevils Count how many of the standing leaves are spotted (with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), considering all leaves in between and inclusive of, the youngest leaf and the oldest standing leaf. Number of spotted leaves - counting Combined density of plants that are dead The number of plants that are dead, in a defined area. Death density deathdens Average finger circumference - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger circumference measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (7.0 + 8.0 + 9.0 + 10.0 + 7.0 + 9.5) / 6 = 8.4. Water content - computation (Pseudostem Fresh Weight - Pseudostem Dry Weight) / Pseudostem Fresh Weight The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar. Plant circumference at collar Circumference at collar plantcircumfcollar Weighing Fresh weight - measurement Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample open answer Top view image Leaf area - measurement wing presence/absence sword sucker Growth - computation Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Visual estimation of fruit pendulance on a bunch, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Fruit pendulance - estimation Date of death - estimation Record the date of event. Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Winged petiole margin - estimation Mouth feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Smoothness-Mouth feel - estimation Functional leaf number The number of functional leaves (greenness>50%) in a shoot system numFuncLeaves Number Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of dead roots. Number of dead roots - counting singleLeafWidth Single leaf width Width The width of a leaf Count how many of the leaves are standing leaves (without a bent or broken petiole) Number of standing leaves - counting Circumference The circumference of a finger. Finger circumference fingercircumf The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 Imbrication Alignment of bracts at the apex of the male bud Bract imbrication at apex of male bud Count the number of leaves (functional only > 50% estimated green area) Leaf number - counting Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight - method Focus group discussion for top traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise Average finger lateral diameter The average lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. avefingerlatdiam Average lateral diameter Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with splitting pseudostem base Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. Nematode root knot galling extent Extent of root knot nematodes The extent of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Measure the length of a finger that is at the ready to eat stage, along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger external length - measurement Researchers calculate the preference score by female respondents Preference score female respondents Growth - computation Fresh weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Time from planting to death - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of death, e.g. 24/05/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 120 days. The rank (order) of a hand in the bunch. handid hand rank Hand rank Rank color homogeneity scale 0-10 Visual estimation of a fruit fill, (or parthenocarpic) for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Fruit parthenocarpy - estimation BD colour chart A - 2016 goodfruitfill Parthenocarpy Parthenocarpy The overall estimation of fruit parthenocarpy level on a bunch Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with male respondents numhandsmeas The number of hands used to obtain a measurement. Number of hands measured Number used to obtain a measurement Detach the outermost sheath from the pseudostem (the sheath should not be too dry). Record the overall impression of colour of the exposed surface of the underlying pseudostem. Note that this main colour should cover more than 75% of the underlying pseudostem surface. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Pseudostem colour - estimation Dry weight Root dry weight rootDryMass The dry weight of the root system Tallest sucker number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the tallest sucker. Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape. Male bud shape - computation Number of fingers in bunch - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 16 + 17 + 19 + 18 + 19 + 18 + 17 + 17 + 16 + 14 + 14 + 13 = 198. Ratio of pseudostem dry mass versus plant dry mass Ratio - computation Number of plants harvested - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of harvest. Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (10 + 10 + 11 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 11 +12 + 12 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 11) / 16 = 10.8. Average number of fingers in hand - hands - computation Combined density of plants planted Plant density The number of plants that are planted, in a defined area. plantdens Cut multiple hands from the rachis and weigh them together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of hands measured. Multiple hand weight - measurement Matooke-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of matoke-like aroma Fusarium wilt internal symptoms scale Average percentage damage to the corm caused by weevils The average percentage of damage in the whole corm (the inner corm and the outer corm) caused by weevils. Damage percent X-average Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with male respondents day Tallest sucker height - measurement On the tallest sucker, measure the distance from the pseudostem base at the ground to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. The apparent cause of damage to the plant. causedamage Cause of damage Cause of damage Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Fruit pulp lateral diameter - measurement Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the lateral diameter of the fruit pulp, from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. rachis angle scale (1 to 2) Visually observe the bract imbrication of the apex of the male bud and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.5.3 in the reference material. Bract imbrication at apex of male bud - estimation Leaf length - measurement The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips bud length scale (1 to 3) Sweetness scale 0-10 height score (1 to 3) Stickiness Sensory Texture method Press a piece of banana between the molars and appreciate the adhesion of the product No. per 100ml Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4 Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle, e.g. 24/11/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 335 days. Ratoon crop cycle - computation Visual counting method Number of weevil larvae - counting hand The time elapsed from the start of the crop cycle to the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Time from start of crop cycle to appearance of external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Number The number of functional roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number of functional roots Margins clasping or not clasping Petiole margins clasping Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Preference scale Number numLeaves The number of all leaves (including dried/dead/wilted/yellow) in a shoot system Leaf number Moistness Mouth impression method Once the flavors are detected, moisture is felt by turning the product in the mouth blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 5) The time elapsed from planting to the harvest of the bunch. Plant crop cycle plant2harvest Time from planting to harvest Population density Number of Pratylenchus spp. in soil Number of Pratylenchus spp. per soil sample fruit length scale (1 to 5) Number of spotted leaves Number of spotted leaves The number of leaves with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per fresh root weight Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in roots Ratio leafToPlantMassRatio_dry Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of leaves versus whole plant dry mass ratio Leaf to whole plant mass ratio maiden sucker smoothness scale 0-10 Record the apparent cause of death of the plant, e.g. strong winds, Fusarium wilt, etc. Cause of death - estimation Number of fingers in 3rd hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Uniformity of color of the surface of the sample Surface color homogeneity MatSurfHomColV Matooke homogeneity of surface colour Matooke Weight The weight of the rachis. rachisweight Rachis weight BD colour chart A - 1996 Number of all types of suckers numsuckers The number of all types of suckers in the mat. Number of suckers roots Ex: g/100 mL juice???? Time from shooting to harvest Time from shooting to harvest shoot2harvest The time elapsed from shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position) to the harvest of the bunch. Average head capsule width Banana weevil adult average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil adult head. The weight of multiple hands. Multiple hand weight multhandweight Weight The number of plants that are harvested. Number of plants harvested Combined number of plants harvested numharv Blotches relative area at petiole base Percentage coverage of petiole base by blotches. Blotch surface area Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, using a tape measure. Plant circumference 75 cm - measurement rachis appearance scale (1 to 5) Ratio - computation Ratio of belowground (root) to aboveground (shoot) dry mass Average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil larvae head capsule. Banana weevil larvae average head capsule width suckerheight Tallest sucker height The height of the pseudostem of the tallest sucker within the same mat as the plant (the sucker that will become the next plant with a bunch, once the bunch from the current plant is harvested) Height Water content - computation (Plant Fresh Weight - Plant Dry Weight) / Plant Fresh Weight Water loss rate - computation Measurement of system water loss between two timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Length - measurement Manual height measurement Nematode root knot galling presence The presence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Presence of root knot nematodes Number of dead roots Number The number of dead roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Record the date of event. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 - estimation Colour of bract internal face - estimation Visually observe the colour of the internal face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in soil Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per soil sample bract behaviour scale (1 to 2) Moisture in mouth Matooke MatMoistM perception of moisture content of a food by the tactile receptors in the mouth and also in relation to the lubricating properties of the product Matooke moisture Calculate as: multiply the distance of the spacing between the plants, both latitudinally and longitudinally, e.g. 2 m x 3 m = 6 m2. Plant spacing - computation Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 Number of fruits on the mid-hand of the bunch **subsume Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch Number of fingers Black leaf streak disease evolution time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/04/2014 = 61 days. Calculate as: the sum of the Finger internal length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (27 + 31 + 29 + 30 + 30 + 28) / 6 = 29.2. Average finger internal length - computation Weevil larvae head capsule - measurement Measurement under microscope Visual appearance - estimation Subjective visual assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 67 / 300 * 100 = 22%. The width of a banana weevil adult weevil head. Banana weevil adult head capsule width Head capsule width Number of fingers The number of fingers in the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand numfingers2nddistalhand Describe the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description - estimation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 - computation bunch shape scale (1 to 5) The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 Presence/absence of collapse The presence/absence of petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt PC LER Weekly leaf emission rate A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a week. Weekly leaf emission rate astringency scale 0-10 Calculate as: the sum of the Finger external length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (30 + 34 + 32 + 33 + 33 + 31) / 6 = 32.1. Average finger external length - computation finger BoiPlantnMeal Boiled plantain Mealiness Mealiness Boiled plantain Mechanical property linked to cohesion and the presence of fine particles in the product during chewing Number of plants planted numplanted The number of plants that are planted. Combined number of plants planted The distance of discolouration in the pseudostem of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt Distance of discolouration A rating of the extent of rhizome (corm) discolouration, caused by Fusarium wilt. Discolouration caused by Fusarium wilt rating Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse Banana weevil adult body length Body length The length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. hardness scale 0-10 Rank rankyoungleaf Rank of marked youngest leaf The rank (position) of the youngest completely unrolled leaf. Root nematode density - computation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant, do not include roots from adjacent plants. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 10 cm long pieces and dry with paper tissue. Take a subsample of 15 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Put the roots in 100 ml of distilled water in a kitchen blender. Macerate the roots 3 times for 10 secs (separated by 5 sec intervals). Pour the macerated suspension through 250, 106 and 40 micro-metre sieves and rinse the sieves with tap water. Using distilled water, collect in a beaker the nematodes from the 40 micro-metre sieve. Using distilled water, dilute to 200 ml the nematode suspension in a graduated cylinder. Blow air through the nematode suspension with a pipette (to homogenise the suspension). Take a subsample of 6 ml (counting dish) or 2 ml (counting slide). Count the nematodes in the counting dish (stereo microscope) or in the counting slide (light microscope). Calculate the final nematode population per unit of fresh root weight. Main underlying colour of pseudostem Main underlying colour Main colour of the pseudostem under the outermost sheath. Colour of the external face Main colour of the first external unlifted bract external face Colour of bract external face Number of adult larvae - counting Visual counting method firmness scale 0-10 Plant annual yield The bunch weight produced by the plant over the course of the crop cycle, averaged across one year. Annual yield plantannyield numnotharv Combined number of plants not harvested The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development). Number of plants not harvested Put a piece of banana in your mouth and assess the presence of mealiness particles during chewing Mealiness Sensory Texture method Number of sword suckers - counting Count how many sword suckers are in the mat. Behaviour of the last lifted bract - revolute or not revolute Bract behaviour before falling Behaviour before falling, whether revolute or not revolute The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the lobe at the tip of the tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal - estimation Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Multiple finger weight - measurement Weigh multiple fingers together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. BD colour chart A - 2016 Finger weight - measurement Weigh a finger, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. The length of a finger measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Internal length Finger internal length fingerintlength Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 - computation The average daily water loss waterLossDay Daily rate of water loss Rate mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to remove material that sticks to the mouth MatStickT Matooke Stickiness in hand Matooke stickiness Egg-laying female root knot nematode Fresh weight Leaf fresh weight leafFreshMass A leaf weight trait which is the fresh weight of a leaf Pseudostem length lengthPseudostem Length The length of a pseudostem bud shape scale (1 to 3) The weight of a banana weevil adult weevil body. Banana weevil adult body weight Body weight The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Percentage damage to lower cross-section inner corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-lower-inner Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - condensed mL / cm? Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting or the Date of harvest of the bunch from the plant of the previous crop cycle and the Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Fruit smashed pulp texture Texture The texture of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit The average of how many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Average number of banana weevil larvae Average number of banana weevil larvae per trap Calculate as: the sum of the the Finger weight measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (150 + 146 + 147 + 152 + 140 + 146) / 6 = 147. Average finger weight - computation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin colour - estimation Calculate as: Bunch weight minus the sum of the Hand weight measurements coming from the count of number of hands (equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 50 - (2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8) = 10.0. Rachis weight - computation open answer Number of fingers measured - counting Count how many fingers are used to obtain a measurement. Petiole margin colour Main colour of the petiole margin. Where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Colour Calculate as: the Number of plants dead, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 4 / 24 = 0.17. Death proportion - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of death. Number of plants dead - computation The dry weight of the pseudostem pseudostemDryMass Dry weight Pseudostem dry weight Presence absence 0 Date of first youngest leaf spotted - estimation Record the date of event. The date a youngest leaf spotted is first observed on the plant, caused by black leaf streak disease. Date of first youngest leaf spotted Date of first youngest leaf spotted Percentage necrotic Root necrosis caused by nematodes The percentage of the root cortex of five functional roots approximately 10 cm long that is necrotic due to nematode damage. harvest2death Time from harvest to death Time from harvest to death The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the death of the plant from the current crop cycle. Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for top traits with male respondents Number of nematodes (Rotylenchulus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample handweight Weight The weight of a hand. Hand weight fruit relicts scale (1 to 4) kg Selection criteria for genotype ranked third highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of third best genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Finger peel thickness Thickness of the peel The thickness of the peel of a finger. peelthickness Preference scoring scale individual respondents Individual respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Date of harvest - estimation Record the date of event. Count how many fingers are in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand - counting Weekly leaf emission rate - computation Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (2 - 1) / 1 week = LER of 1 leaves/week during a particular time period. Chewiness Nematode stage - estimation Identify the nematode stage, using the options. Preference scoring scale female respondents Individual female respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Annual crop cycle proportion - computation Calculate as: the length of a year (e.g. 365 days) divided by the Plant crop cycle or the Ratoon crop cycle, e.g. 365 / 334 = 1.09. Number of suckers - counting Count how many of all types of suckers are in the mat. The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 Black leaf streak disease incubation time DIT Number of banana weevil adults measured Number of adult weevils measured How many banana weevil adults used to obtain a measurement. Firmness in mouth method Put a part of the sample in your mouth, evaluate during the first bite (between molars) how hard is the sample. Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex Percentage of flower relicts at fruit apex Remains of flower relicts at apex MatSmoothM Smoothness in mouth geometrical textural attribute relating to lack of presence of particles in a product Matooke smoothness Matooke plants/unit of area bract apex scale (1 to 5) Stickiness scale 0-10 fruit apex scale (1 to 5) Harvest the bunch by cutting the peduncle 10 cm above the first ridge above the most proximal, hand and immediately below the most distal hand and weigh the bunch (including the rachis), using scales. Bunch weight - measurement Presence absence 1 Plant height - neck of peduncle - measurement Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to under the neck of the curved peduncle, using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Aroma of pumpkin. Possibly, precise if the taste is like boiled pumpkin or fried... Matooke aroma pumpkin MatAroPumpA Matooke Pumpkin-like aroma Damage to lower inner corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Water content - computation (Leaf Fresh Weight - Leaf Dry Weight) / Leaf Fresh Weight Number of banana weevil larvae measured How many banana weevil larvae used to obtain a measurement. Number of banana weevil larvae measured Calculate as: the Number of functional roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 12 / 20 * 100 = 60 % functional roots. Percentage of functional roots - computation Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt For the tallest sucker, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Death proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.17 = 283. Death density - computation When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the intensity of the color Surface yellowness intensity Appearance method MatMolT mechanical textural attribute relating to the degree to which a substance can be deformed before it breaks Moldability in hand Matooke moldability Matooke Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of grassy-like aroma Grassy-like Aroma method Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Presence/absence of changes CNL Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt The presence/absence of changes in new leaves - irregular pale margins, narrowing of lamina, burning plus ripping of lamina, lamina becoming more erect, caused by Fusarium wilt. Fruit apex point Description of fruit apex Apex point Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with male respondents The options to record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection done at the time of data collection. Pest/disease assessment/sample collection options pestdiseasesampleoptions Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options margin behaviour scale (1 to 5) The number of leaves on the tallest sucker that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Number of functional leaves Tallest sucker number of functional leaves tallsuckererfunctleaves dwarfism Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per soil sample Population density Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in soil Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Blotches colour - estimation Observe visually the colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath. The area of a leaf singleLeafArea Leaf area Area Calculate as: the sum of the Finger lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.5 + 5.2 + 4.1 + 5 + 6 + 6.8) / 6 = 5.1. Average finger lateral diameter - computation Length Length of the fruit pedicel from rachis to the beginning of the pulp Fruit pedicel length wing presence/absence and clasping presence/absence scale 1 to 5 Number of hands on whole bunch Number of hands Number of hands on bunch **subsume Nematode species - estimation Identify the nematode species present in the banana plant root sample (Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita, ?) Damage percent X-lower-outer The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Percentage damage to lower cross-section outer corm caused by weevils margin behaviour scale (1 to 4) Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Observation should be made at shooting on the neck, where the petiole and pseudostem meet. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin clasping - estimation Weighing of water loss though plant between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Water loss - measurement blotch color scale (1 to 4) multfingerweight Multiple finger weight The weight of multiple fingers. Weight Stunting expressed as number of leaves per height growth Formation Leaves formed per pseudostem height increase leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per fresh root weight Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in roots Leaf area ratio - computation Computation of top leaf area with total (loose) leaf area Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of best genotype by respondents Count how many fingers are in a hand. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Number of fingers in hand - counting Boiled plantain Firmness Firmness Boiled plantain BoiPlantnFirm Force required to obtain deformation, penetration or rupture of the banana Number of fingers in 2nd hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the third hand. totLeafLength The length of a leaf Total length of all leaves Length BD colour chart B - 2016 (Root Fresh Weight - Root Dry Weight) / Root Fresh Weight Water content - computation Visual assessment. Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Time from planting to shooting plant2shoot Time from planting to shooting The time elapsed from planting to shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position). Number of Meloidogyne spp. per soil sample Number of Meloidogyne spp. in soil Population density describedamage A description of the damage to the plant. Damage description Description of damage Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Plant density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,667 = 90.85. Potential annual yield - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of flowering to the Date of harvest, e.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/10/2014 = 61 days. Time from flowering to harvest - computation The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem, caused by Fusarium wilt. Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 108 / 300 * 100 = 36%. Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Put in the mouth a piece of banana and Evaluate the force necessary to obtain the deformation of the product between the teeth during the first compression Firmness Sensory Texture method Date of weevil damage assessment The date the assessment of weevil damage to the corm of the plant is conducted. Date of weevil damage to corm assessment sucker 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement []/cm Male rachis type - estimation Visually observe the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 - computation Finger feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Finger feel - estimation leaf rank The average weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Banana weevil larvae average body weight Average body weight t/unit of area/y yellowness scale 0-10 How many banana weevil adults caught per trap. Number of banana weevil adults per trap Number of banana weevil adults numfingershand The number of fingers in a hand. Number of fingers in hand Number of fingers leaf rank Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Record the rank of the previously marked leaf (the leaf that was marked in the Rank of marked youngest leaf during the last data collection), counting the leaf rank by starting with the newest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of previously marked leaf - counting The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3 Record the date and time of event. Start date and time of data collection - estimation Visual assessment. Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Try to make a ball (agglomerate) of the sample and evaluate how easy it is to deform or break the sample Moldability in hand method finger numfingers2ndhand The number of fingers in the second hand. Number of fingers in 2nd hand Number of fingers Ratoon crop cycle harvest2harvest The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle. Ratoon crop cycle Fusion Fusion of pedicels Degree of fusion of the pedicels before they join the rachis Number of water suckers The number of water suckers (suckers with broad leaves, a small rhizome, and a weak connection to the plant) in the mat. numwatersuckers Number of water suckers Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf - estimation Visually observe the pigmentation of the outer surface of the cigar leaf of a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession. [x Observation should be made before shooting, on a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession.] Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Non-harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.08 = 133. Non-harvest density - computation Number of peeper suckers The number of peeper suckers (suckers less than 15 cm tall) in the mat. Number of peeper suckers numpeepersuckers Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Date of harvest The date the bunch is harvested from the plant. Date of harvest dateharvest Damage to upper inner corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. The weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Body weight Banana weevil larvae body weight Number of fingers in 3rd hand numfingers3rdhand The number of fingers in the third hand. Number of fingers fruit pedicel scale (1 to 3) bunch position scale(1 to 5) Plant crop cycle - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 334 days. Bract apex shape - estimation Refers to the first external unlifted bract. Visually observe the apex shape of flattened bracts to determine shape and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.5.2. in the reference material. Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field A rating of the extent of leaf yellowing and wilting, caused by Fusarium wilt. Leaf yellowing and wilting caused by Fusarium wilt rating kg Main colour Colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath of the petiole base. Blotches colour at the petiole base The average length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Banana weevil adult average body length Average body length Leaf dry weight leafDryMass Dry weight The dry weight of a leaf Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample avefingercircumf Average finger circumference Average circumference The average circumference of the fingers. Harvest proportion - computation Calculate as: the Number of plants harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 18 / 24 = 0.75. Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of astringency impression due to the sample Astringency method Root relative water content Content rwcRoot The relative water content in a root bract imbrication scale (1 to 3) Fruit unsmashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel The smoothness-mouth feel of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Smoothness-mouth feel The average lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Average lateral diameter of the pulp avepulpdiam Average fruit pulp lateral diameter Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Determine the presence/absence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Nematode root knot galling presence - estimation Firmness scale 0-10 topLeafArea Projected top area The projected leaf area of a plant (photosynthetic surface) Area Perception of the amount of water absorbed or released by the product Moistness BoiPlantnMois Boiled plantain Moistness Boiled plantain Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with male respondents petiole-margin contrast The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the backside middle of tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Compound tepal main colour - estimation blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 4) Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt The extent of discolouration in the corm of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of discolouration Faures stages of development of BLS disease scale (1987) 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement plants dead/plants planted hand Record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options - estimation Leaf number - counting Count the number of leaves Time elapsed between planting and the appearance of the first youngest leaf spotted. Time from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Time elapsed from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Black leaf streak disease severity index - computation Calculate as: ((((Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0, multiplied by 0), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, multiplied by 1), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2, multiplied by 2), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3, multiplied by 3), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4, multiplied by 4), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5, multiplied by 5), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6, multiplied by 6)), divided by the number of grades in the scale minus 1 (i.e. 7-1)), divided by the Number of standing leaves), multiplied by 100. For example, ((((3 * 0) + (1 * 1) + (1 * 2) + (3 * 3) + (5 * 4) + (0 * 5) + (0 * 6)) / 6) / 13) * 100 = ((32 / 6) / 13) * 100 = 41. Top view image of a single leave Leaf area - measurement Length of the internal arc of a finger ** subsume Fruit length Length [x at maturity] Colour of pigmentation on outer surface of cigar leaf on a developed sucker Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf on sucker Pigmentation of outer surface The rank (order) of the oldest (most-distal) standing leaf (with an erect petiole). Rank of oldest standing leaf Rank of oldest standing leaf Finger lateral diameter The lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. fingerlatdiam Lateral diameter Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was second ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with female respondents BD colour chart B - 1996 Apex shape Shape of the first external unlifted bract of the male bud Bract apex shape Record the date of event. Date of shooting - estimation Calculate as: the Number of plants not harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 2 / 24 = 0.08. Non-harvest proportion - computation Number of nematodes per unit of fresh weight Root nematode density The number of nematode individuals per unit of fresh root weight. Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Growth - computation Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) The width of a weevil larvae head capsule. Head capsule width Banana weevil larvae head capsule width Index of black leaf streak disease severity None bract apex scale (1 to 4) Count how many fingers are in the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand - counting Pseudostem to whole plant mass ratio Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of pseudostem versus whole plant dry mass ratio Ratio pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_dry Main colour of the face of anther opposite to dehiscence Anther colour Colour Number of nematodes in soil Population density Nematode population density by species in soil SP Presence/absence of splitting The presence/absence of a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt parthenocarpy Smoothness in mouth method Put a part of the sample in mouth, chew it and after 5 chews, evaluate between tongue and palate the number and the size of the particles. Sweetness tasting method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of taste of sweetness Visual assessment. Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation statedescription A description of the state of the plant. Plant state description State description Volume waterLossPlant Plant water loss The amount of water loss through the plant over time potannyield Average potential annual yield Average potential annual yield The average potential annual yield, assuming that all plants are harvested, from the number of plants planted. Number of banana weevil larvae Number of banana weevil larvae per trap How many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Quality The overall estimation of the bunch quality on a mat goodbunch Overall bunch quality Population density Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus in soil Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus per soil sample Fruit length - range - measurement Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the range. Damage description - estimation Record a description of the damage to the plant, e.g. leaves ripped, pseudostem snapped, plant toppled, etc. Pseudostem height Height Distance from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The date of the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Date of appearance of external symptoms caused by Fusairum wilt Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B - estimation Record the date of event. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 2 pt scale plantcircumf20cm Plant circumference 20 cm from the collar The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 20 cm from the collar. Circumference 20 cm above the ground Bunch shape Shape Shape of the fully developed bunch on a plant Number of hands measured - counting Count how many hands are used to obtain a measurement. dateofftype Date of recognising off-type The date the plant is first recognised as an off-type. Date of recognising off-type Appearance of flowers/bracts on the male rachis Male rachis appearance Appearance in relation to the presence or absence of neutral, male and/or hermaphrodite flowers Fruit pulp lateral diameter Lateral diameter of the pulp pulpdiam The lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Average finger peel thickness Average thickness of the peel avepeelthickness The average thickness of the peel of a finger. Measure the lateral diameter of a finger from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), at the widest point, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger lateral diameter - measurement Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked third lowest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of third least genotype by respondents Calculate as: the Number of dead roots plus the Number of functional roots, e.g. 8 + 12 = 20 roots. Number of all roots - computation Time from planting to shooting - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of shooting. E.g. 24/09/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 243 days. MatFirmM Matooke Firmness in mouth Matooke firmness Mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. The pulp aroma of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Aromas Fruit smashed pulp aroma/smell multiplication factor moldability scale 0-10 method_of Total finger weight - measurement Cut the hands off from the rachis and weigh all the hands together, using scales. Visually observe the fruit apex point and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.6 in the reference material. Fruit apex point - estimation The taste of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Taste Fruit unsmashed pulp taste Index of non-spotted leaves Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 78 / 300 * 100 = 26%. plants not harvested/plants planted Root necrosis caused by nematodes - estimation Select at random five functional primary roots, at least 10 cm long. Reduce the length of the five selected roots to 10 cm and slice through the roots length-wise. Evaluate one half of each of the five roots for the percentage of root cortex showing necrosis. The maximum root necrosis per root half can be 20 %, giving a maximum root necrosis of 100 % for the five halves together. Mentally determine the necrosis of the individual roots (1 to 5) and sum these together to get the total root necrosis of the sample. Behaviour of male rachis - truncated or present. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Male rachis type Presence Harvest density - computation Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.75 = 1,250. Shape of male bud Male bud shape Shape Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Presence Colour line along edge of petiole margin Presence or absence of colour line along edge of petiole margin fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 5) Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/04/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 31 days. Black leaf streak disease incubation time - computation Percentage of functional roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are functional. Percentage of functional roots Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of planting. Number of plants planted - computation aroma scale 0-10 Selection criteria for genotype ranked lowest by respondents Genotype selection traits Description of traits considered important in selection of least genotype by respondents Time from flowering to harvest Time from flowering to harvest The time elapsed from flowering (when the last bracts fall from the most distal hand to display the female flowers) to the harvest of the bunch. flower2harvest rachis type scale (1 to 2) Species present The nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Nematode species Subjective taste assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Taste - estimation g / mL Body length Banana weevil larvae body length The length of a weevil larvae body, from the weevil larvae head to the tip of the abdomen. Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of first youngest leaf spotted, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 151 days. Time from planting to first youngest spotted leaf - computation Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - complete Wing presence Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Petiole margins winged Presence absence 0 Fruit pedicel length - exact value - measurement Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the exact value. Researchers calculate the preference score by male respondents Preference score male respondents Record the date of event. Date of planting - estimation Male bud size - measurement Length and maximum diamter of male bud at harvest. Fresh weight - measurement Weighing Surface color homogeneity Appearance method When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the homogeneity Root knot nematode galling Number of nematodes (Helicotylenchus multicinctus) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Matooke Sourness gustatory complex sensation, generally due to presence of organic acids Matooke sourness MatSour Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex - estimation Visually observe the remains, or not, of flower relicts at the finger apex, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.7.7 in the reference materials. dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss Angle of the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud Male rachis position Angle of the rachis between last hand and male bud Number of Rotylenchulus spp.in soil Number of Rotylenchulus spp.per soil sample Population density peeper sucker Rank of oldest standing leaf - counting Record the rank (order) of the oldest standing leaf (with an erect petiole), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. The taste of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit smashed pulp taste Taste Visual estimation of bunch quality, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Bunch quality - estimation Count how many hands are in the bunch. Number of hands in bunch - counting Record the rank (order) of the youngest leaf spotted (the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Youngest leaf spotted - counting Fruit length - exact value - measurement Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the exact value. The extent of egg-laying female root knot nematodes, observed internally as pit-like structures on the roots. Extent of root knot nematodes Nematode egg-laying females extent sourness scale 0-10 cm? leaves/week Date of weevil damage to corm assessment - estimation Record the date of event. moisture scale 0-10 Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of the sourness Sourness method Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf Margin behaviour of the petiole canal of the third leaf before bunch. Behaviour Calculate as: the Number of plants planted, minus the Number of plants dead, minus the Number of plants harvested, e.g. 24 - 4 - 18 = 2. Number of plants not harvested - computation Fruit smashed pulp colour Colour The color of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of pumpkin-like aroma Pumpkin-like Aroma method Angle to the vertical Angle between the axis of the bunch and the vertical Bunch position fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 6) Put a part of the sample between thumb and index fingers and using tapping motions, evaluate the amount of product adhering on them Stickiness in hand method Main colour of the tip of the compound tepal (lobe) Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal Lobe colour at tip of the tepal Measurement under microscope Weevil larvae body length - measurement