Rhiannon Crichton DateDeath_Est_dmy Bioversity International Bioversity International temp22 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FrtftPdclLgth_M_mm Rachel Chase OffTypEst_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Tendo Ssali WvlLvPrTrp_Ct_weevil IITA 21-25 cm 3 Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd4 Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton PltPltd_Ct_Plnt Bioversity International KU Leuven plantFreshMass_Meas_g massFreshPlant plant_fresh Sebastien Carpentier Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International DIT_Comp_d Bioversity International Rachel Chase PMargCol_Esr_1to16 PA_EstResp_Txt Bioversity Noel Madalla 4 ovoid IITA Dwfsm_Est_1to2 Allan Brown dark green 8 1 pointed Bioversity International PetColpPres_Est_1or2 Inge Van den Bergh Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Sweetness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnSwt_Meas_0to10 AvgWvlLvBdLgt_M_µM IITA Tendo Ssali FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 0 no intensity Bioversity International Rachel Chase FrtLngth_M_1to5 AvgFrtExtLng_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International green 1 5 margins overlapping numFuncLeaves_Count_unitless numFuncLeaf Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven totalNumFunctionalLeaves heterogeneous 0 PS_CompFemale_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity 2 sparse blotching (<20%) Bioversity International PStmHt_M2_cm Rhiannon Crichton FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvBdLgt_M_µM pseudostemHeightIncrease Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven pseudostemHeightIncrease_Comp_cm2 IITA WvlLv_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatSurfHomColV_Meas_0to10 Matooke surface homogeneity of colour measurement scale 1-10 BnchShp_Estm_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International RadoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne IITA Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp10 Tendo Ssali TrpNum_Ct_weeviltrap IITA Bioversity International PStmDiscol_Est_cm Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International HndFrtNum_Ct_Frt Rhiannon Crichton PltDnsty_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton rounded 5 3 25-50 % of roots galled BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Stage 2 appears as a stripe, generally brown in colour and visible on the underside of the leaf, later the symptom also appears on the upper part of the limb as a stripe, the yellow colour of which resembles the stripe at stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka. The colour of this stripe will change progressively from brown and later to black on the upper side of the limb, but will retain the brown colour on the underside. 2 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet DamEst_Date_ymd relativeLeaf_dry Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven leafToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless massDryratioLeaf Boiled plantain Chewiness by number of chews BoiPlantnChew_Meas_number of chews Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Christophe Jenny MlRchsTp_Estm_1to2 CIRAD less than or equal to 12 1 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven leafDryMass_Meas_g massDryLeaf leaf_dry 0 Dry 5 plant dead, with brown leaves hanging down the pseudostem Bioversity International HandWt_M_kgPlnt Rhiannon Crichton Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI FlwT_Date_ymd Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International CrmDiscDistTlstSckFW_M_cm medium intensity 5 ExtDisProp_Comp_pct Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh 2 First streak stage: the initial speck elongates, becoming slightly wider, to form a characteristic narrow, reddish brown streak up to 20 mm long and 2.0 mm wide, with the long axis parallel to the leaf venation. At this stage, streaks are more clearly visible on the lower surface of the leaf than on the upper one. The distribution of streaks is variable. Sometimes they are most numerous near the edge of the left side of the leaf. At other times they are equally numerous on both sides of the leaf, and more or less evenly distributed. Frequently they are densely aggregated in a band several cm wide on one side or both sides of the mid-rib, becoming less numerous towards the edge of the leaf. Streaks may be so numerous that every cm2 of leaf surface bears one or more. There is considerable variation in the length of individual streaks on a given leaf, and they frequently overlap to form larger, compound streaks. Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh PlntgDisTim_Comp_d 1 straight IITA WvlAdlt_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PltDamDesc_Est_txt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PulpDiam_M_mm Rachel Chase PsdHght_E Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Int_1to16 winged and undulating 1 2 16-20 cm MltFrtWt_M_gFruit Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International IITA WvlAdltMsrd_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd3 MSuckN_Ct_MSuck Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet FrtIntLng_M_cm HelicoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne 2 lengthily pointed (like plantain) Bioversity International Rachel Chase PMargClasp_Est_1or2 temp16 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International fully green 1 BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd6 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Matooke smoothness in hand measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatSmoothM_Meas_0to10 Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla IITA-Bioversity International FstYngLfsptd_Est_dmy Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton brown-black 3 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BnchFrtNum_Comp_Frt massFreshLeaf leafFreshMass_Meas_g Sebastien Carpentier leaf_fresh KU Leuven 5 obtuse and split Bioversity International AvgFrtGrth_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp30 Rhiannon Crichton IITA Tendo Ssali DmgPrphl_M_% Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp46 PMargWing_Est_1or5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh IntDisProp_Comp_pct Bioversity International Other 5 Rachel Chase HndNbWhlBnch_Ct_hands Bioversity International singleLeafWidth_Meas_cm widthPerLeaf widthSingleLeaf Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven heightPS Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven heightPseudostem lengthPseudostem_Meas_cm temp44 IITA Tendo Ssali Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp13 RkYgstLf_Comp_leafrank Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 1 without flower relicts 4 extensive pigmentation Rachel Chase Bioversity International PMargColL_Est_1or2 RkPvsMktLf_Comp_leafrank Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 5 rounded temp14 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 67-100 % of all leaves turning yellow and necrotic, with leaves hanging down the pseudostem 4 CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to6 Bioversity International Rachel Chase IITA Danny Coyne PratyGooNumSlWt_Comp_Nema intermediate 3 Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla AnCrpCyclPrp_Comp_CrpCclY Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 1 cream green 7 BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International MatSurfYellV_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Matooke surface yellowness measurement scale 0-10 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd2 rwcPlant_Comp_unitless plant_rwc Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rwcPlant BlotchCol_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase Bioversity International medium green 6 0 lumpy leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth_Comp_percm leaves_per_heightPS Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven 9 whitish totally fused (more than 50 % of the length of the pedicel) 3 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FlwT_Date_dmy DateHarv_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet Rhiannon Crichton HndRnk_Ct_HndRnk Bioversity International IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 FrtGrth_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI 2 not winged Matooke aroma measurement scale 0-10 MatAro_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda transpirationEfficiency_Comp_gml TE_dry Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven TEtotalDry PMargWing_Est_1or2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Bioversity International PltNtHvstd_Ct_Plnt Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FstYngLfsptd_Est_ymd temp35 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Shoot_Date_ymd Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI temp41 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd1 Rhiannon Crichton IITA Allan Brown Sckr_Est_1to2 Rhiannon Crichton PlntShtTime_Comp_d Bioversity International Tendo Ssali DmgIdxOut_M_% IITA massDryratioPseudostem Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven relativePS_dry pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless red 3 fat (w/y equal to or more than 0.55) 3 Matooke firmness in mouth measurement scale 0-10 MatFirmM_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda 34-50% of lamina with symptoms 5 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkInfIndex_Comp_Idx Bioversity International Rachel Chase CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to16 Plantain ontology Banana ontology 2 neutral flowers on one to few hands only near the bunch (rest of stalk is bare) other 4 Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton StdLf_Ct_leaf IITA-Bioversity International neutral/male flowers and presence of withered bracts on the entire stalk 4 Sebastien Carpentier root_fresh rootFreshMass_Meas_g KU Leuven massFreshRoot BrctClExtFc_Int_1to8 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA NmNumRtWt 5 > 1/3 discoloured Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PltHvstd_Ct_Plnt Tendo Ssali AvgWvlAdltHdCps_M_µM IITA Inge Van den Bergh PStmSplitPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International PA_EstFemale_Txt Noel Madalla Bioversity Bioversity International Rachel Chase MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to5 6 orange MlBdShp_Comp_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase SptLfNb_Ct_leaf Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International Matooke moldability measurement scale 0-10 MatMolT_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda BoiPlantnStic_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Stickiness scale 0-10 rootDryMass_Meas_g massDryRoot root_dry Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven DateHarv_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International MlBdLngth_M_1to3 Rachel Chase Rachel Chase Bioversity International PStmCol_Est_1to16 IITA DmgIdxInn_M_% Tendo Ssali BnchHndNum_Ct_Hnd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Tendo Ssali WvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM IITA IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet PulpDiam_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_ymd Bioversity International Rachel Chase BrctBhvBfFll_Est_1to2 IITA HoploNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne 4 banana bunchy top (BBTD) FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven totLeafArea_Meas_cm2 areaTotLeaves areaLeaves AvgPeelThck_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rachel Chase FrtCvShp_Est_1to6 Bioversity International slightly pointed 2 Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity International AvgFrtDiam_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton pseudostem_fresh Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven pseudostemFreshMass_Meas_g massFreshPseudostem Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven topLeafArea_Meas_cm2 area_topView areaPlantTop Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp52 2 pink-purple to red 2 wide with erect margins RotyNumSlWt_CompNema Danny Coyne IITA leafAreaRatio_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven areaRatio areaPlant_per_areaTot BoiPlantnFirm_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Boiled plantain Firmness scale 0-10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Allan Brown PdltFrt_Est_1to2 IITA BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd5 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton OdStdLfRk_Ct_leaf Bioversity International Danny Coyne NmRpFctr_Ct_Nema IITA Bioversity International Rachel Chase BlotchA_Est_1to5 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International MltHandWt_M_kgPlnt temp23 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FrtApxPt_Est_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase MatSour_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Matooke sourness measurement scale 0-10 moderately imbricate 2 smooth 10 other 4 WvlLvMsrd_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali IITA rwcPseudostem ps_rwc rwcPseudostem_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp9 IITA MeloiNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne with a curve 3 not winged and clasping the pseudostem 4 LfChgPres_Est_1or2 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvBdWght_M_mg IITA Bioversity International BlotchCol_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Sebastien Carpentier lengthSum KU Leuven totLeafLength_Meas_cm Rachel Chase FrtLngth_M_cm Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to16 5 grainy no pigmentation 1 Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity FngSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI green yellow 4 PStmGrth_M_cm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton MatAstr_Meas_0to10 Matooke astringency measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpArm_Est_1to5 totalNumLeaves numLeaves_Count_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven numLeaf Danny Coyne NmNumSlWt IITA BrctImbrcApxMlBd_Est_1to3 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International BnchFrtNum_Ct_Frt Rhiannon Crichton 2 not dwarf Rhiannon Crichton HvstDth_Comp_d Bioversity International base of the style prominent 3 FnctLeav_Ct_Leaf Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rachel Chase AnthrCl_Est_1to8 Bioversity International 1 dislike very much rwcLeaf rwcLeaf_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven leaf_rwc Inge Van den Bergh YellowPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International PeelThck_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 3 highly imbricate margins spreading 1 truncate ( 2 Rhiannon Crichton PltEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International waterLossSystPerLeafArea_Meas_mlcm2 waterLossSystem_per_Area Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven Inge Van den Bergh PetColpPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International PStmSplitPres_Est_1or2 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International 2 medium (0.45 < w/y < 0.55) AvgPulpDiam_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp49 Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne 1 without any floral relicts Bioversity International AnPltPrp_Comp_KgHaY Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton 1-2 egg masses 1 equal to or more than 21 mm 3 Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Rhiannon Crichton FrtWtAvg_M_g Bioversity International low intensity 0 like fairly 3 Matooke stickiness in hand measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatStickT_Meas_0to10 massDryPseudostem KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier ps_dry pseudostemDryMass_Meas_g dark green 8 Bioversity International DeathCause_Est Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Bioversity International Rachel Chase FrtNbMdHndBnch_Ct_ft AnthrCl_Est_1to16 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International temp19 Rhiannon Crichton Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI 2 persistent style 10 hard few internal spots 2 0 absent Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf_Comp_cm growthPS_per_leafFormed Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity PratyNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne waterLossDaily rateWaterLossPerDay waterLossDay_Comp_ml Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven DateColl_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet 2 yellow crumbly 0 DET_Comp_d Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HndMltpFrtNum_Ct_Frt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FstBrctApxShp_Est_1to4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase leafAreaIncrease Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven leafAreaIncrease_Comp_cm2 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa MatPump_Meas_2pt Matooke pumpkin aroma measurement 2pt scale cylindrical 1 Rhiannon Crichton PtlClpFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International RtnCrpCyc_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA WvlAdltHdCps_M_µM Tendo Ssali plantGrowth_dry KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier growthDry growthDry_Comp_g ChgNwLfPercFW_Comp_pct Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 5 like extremely SuckNum_Ct_Suck Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International at an angle 2 FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International YlLfPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI AvgFrtIntLng_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp15 dont know 2 WvlAdltBdWght_M_mg Tendo Ssali IITA Tendo Ssali temp42 IITA 2 lanceolate 4 16-33% of lamina with symptoms Stellenbosch University temp37 Altus Viljoen bare 1 3 discolouration of up to one-third of vascular tissue Rachel Chase Bioversity International PdcFsn_Est_1to2 IITA PratyCofNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne 0 no intensity 5 bright yellow 1 trace infections with a few small galls 4 obtuse Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI winged 1 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rwcRoot rwcRoot_Comp_unitless root_rwc Rhiannon Crichton temp17 Bioversity International LfChgPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh FuncRtNum2_Ct_Rt Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA 8 red IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet PltEst_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International DateColl_Date_dmy discolouration of between one-third and two-thirds of vascular tissue 4 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp53 Bioversity International/IITA Tendo Ssali IITA AvgWvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM 2 21-30 cm 2 yellow Rachel Chase PMargCol_Esr_1to4 Bioversity International IITA Allan Brown GdFrtFll_Est_1to2 medium intensity 5 PS_CompResp_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity rootShootRatioDry KU Leuven rootShootDry_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier massDryRootShoot Rhiannon Crichton temp2 Bioversity International Stage 6 is when the centre of the spot dries out, turns clear gray and is surrounded by a well-defined black ring, which is, in turn, surrounded by a bright yellow halo. These spots remain visible after the leaf has dried out because the ring persists. 6 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp18 Inge Van den Bergh CormDiscol_Est_1to6 Bioversity International Second-streak stage: streaks change colour from reddish brown to dark brown or black, sometimes with a purplish tinge, clearly visible at the upper surface of the leaf. 3 2 First streak stage: specks elongate, becoming slightly wider to form narrow reddish-brown streaks. IITA temp43 Tendo Ssali winged and clasping the pseudostem 3 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton LfEmRate_Comp_LfMth FrtDiam_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI Bioversity International/IITA temp47 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvHdCps_M_µM IITA Matooke grassy aroma measurement 2pt scale Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatGrass_Meas_2pt Rhiannon Crichton CropCyc_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchWt_M_kg Bioversity International VitCCnt_M_ IITA Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) 5 other OffTypEst_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet BnchPst_Estm_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Danny Coyne IITA PratyCofNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FrtGrth_M_mm growthFresh_Comp_g Sebastien Carpentier growthFresh KU Leuven plantGrowth_fresh temp50 Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvHdCps_M_µM 6 total discolouration of vascular tissue 5 other cream 1 1-5% of lamina with symptoms 2 DthDnst_Comp_PlntHa Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity 1 brown Bioversity International MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FrtExtLng_M_cm BrctClExtFc_Est_1to10 Bioversity International Rachel Chase temp48 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA NtHvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtNb_Ct_gFruit male flowers/bracts above the male bud (rest of stalk is bare) 3 1 Stage 1 appears as a small depigmentation spot whose whitish or yellow colour resembles stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka disease. These symptoms are not visible in transmitted light and can be observed only on the underside of the leaf. massDryratioRoot KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier rootToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless relativeRoot_dry Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International AcAnYd_Comp_TnHaY Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HndFrtAvgNum_Ct_Frt 11-20 mm 2 2 medium shouldered (0.28 < x/y < 0.30) 0 non sticky IITA Danny Coyne PratyGooNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Rhiannon Crichton FlwHvstTime_Comp_d Bioversity International IITA Danny Coyne PratyNumSlWt_Comp_Nema straight (or slightly curved) 1 4 like very much Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda MatHardT_Meas_0to10 Matooke hardness in hand measurement scale 0-10 less than or equal to 2 m 1 3 intermediate 2 isolated points of discolouration in vascular tissue Rachel Chase Bioversity International MlBdShd_Comp_1to3 1/3-2/3 discoloured 4 9 other Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Est_1to16 IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Faure purple 6 yellow 3 BoiPlantnMeal_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Mealiness scale 0-10 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PtYd_Comp_TnHaY MatMoistM_Meas_0to10 Matooke moisture in mouth measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa Rhiannon Crichton CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_dmy Bioversity International 4 extensive pigmentation (>50%) Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne DeadRtNum2_Ct_Rt Bioversity International/IITA 5 Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black central area of the spot becomes slightly depressed and the water-soaked border becomes more pronounced due to darkening. At this stage, a slight yellowing of the leaf tissue immediately surrounding the water-soaked border may occur. 2 margins erect Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp45 1 present 8 other intermeditae 2 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Bioversity International FrtExtLng_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton HandAvgWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Bioversity International FrtWt_M_gFruit Rhiannon Crichton 3 persistent flower relicts (> 20% of the fruits with relicts) Matooke sweetness measurement scale 0-10 MatSweet_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa winged and not clasping the pseudostem 2 Bioversity International BlotchA_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase temp38 Stellenbosch University Altus Viljoen NtHvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International not clasping 2 pink-purple 7 waterLossSystem Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven waterLossSyst_Meas_ml transpSyst 2 13-16 7 black (anthers aborted) CrmIntDiscFW_Est_1to5 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh 9 whitish Shoot_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton pink/pink-purple 6 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet DateDeath_Est_ymd light green 5 plantDryMass_Meas_g Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven plant_dry massDryPlant adult male 1 0-33 % of older banana leaves turning yellow 2 asymmetrical 3 few flower relicts (< 20% of the fruits with relicts) 2 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngUnSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International SpotLfNum_Ct_Lf Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp51 pink-purple 8 brown/rusty brown 5 IITA Allan Brown GdBnch_Est_1to2 BnchMatStg_Est_1to2 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet white 1 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngUnSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PltSpcg_Comp_m2 10 homogeneous Tendo Ssali AvgWvlAdltBdWght_M_mg IITA Danny Coyne IITA RadoNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema absent 1 white 1 4 black-purple margins curved inward 4 areaPerLeaf singleLeafArea_Meas_cm2 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven areaSingleLeaf 1 pointed red-purple 9 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd0 partially fused (up to 50 % of the length of the pedicel) 2 50-75 % of roots galled 4 short (y less than or equal to 20 cm) 1 PS_CompMale_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity slightly curved 2 weevils 6 1 pointed 3 long (equal to or more than 30 cm) 3 straight with erect margins 3 Stage 3 differs from the previous one by its dimensions. The stripe becomes longer, is enlarged and in certain conditions (weak inoculum and unfavourable climatic conditions) can reach 2 or 3 cm. 5 medium intensity PStmHt_M1_cm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 4 obtuse and split 4 grey Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp11 3 equal to or more than 3 m Rhiannon Crichton SuckHtShtStg_M_cm Bioversity International Danny Coyne HoploNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA waterLossPlant_Meas_ml transpPlant waterLossPlant Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp21 WSuckN_Ct_WSuck Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International DamEst_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton green 1 curved in S shape (double curvature) 4 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp12 Moist 10 medium (20 cm < y < 30 cm) 2 FrtftPdclLgth_Est_1to3 Bioversity International Rachel Chase other 6 Rachel Chase BrctApxShp_Est_1to5 Bioversity International 1 skinny (w/y less than or equal to 0.45) < 1/3 discoloured 3 orange red 7 acronym Tendo Ssali WvlAdltPrTrp_Ct_weevil IITA not revolute (not rolling) 2 entity curved (sharp curve) 4 10 sticky Bioversity International Rachel Chase MlRchsPst_Estm_1to5 LfEmRate_Comp_LfWk Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity PA_EstMale_Txt Noel Madalla 10 moldable 3 6-15% of lamina with symptoms Rhiannon Crichton DthPrp_Comp_DdPltRt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltDead_Ct_Plnt Bioversity International CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire BoiPlantnMois_Meas_0to10 Boiled plantain Moistness scale 0-10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI bad 1 purple 5 add** 1 1 hanging vertically 1 falling vertically IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_pct temp20 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_ymd Inge Van den Bergh YellowPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International cream 2 purple-brown 5 curved in slight S shape (double curvature) 5 Bioversity International PSuckN_Ct_PSuck Rhiannon Crichton 2 contrast between margin and petiole (with a contrasting colour line along) spiral (all fruit are attached to a unique crown coiled around the stalk) 4 equal to or more than 31 cm 5 PltDth_Comp_d Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International IITA-Bioversity International NSpotLfProp_Comp_idx horizontal 4 26-30 cm 4 3 hanging at a 45 degree angle 6 purple brown 1 less than or equal to 15 cm egg 4 slightly angled 2 1 no visible sign of fusion green 7 Bioversity International CigLfPigm_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase banana streak virus (BSV) 5 Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CauDam_Est_txt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp40 moderate blotching (20-50%) 3 Bioversity International MlBdShp_Comp_1to3 Rachel Chase 5 not winged and not clasping the pseudostem BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCpt IITA-Bioversity International high intensity 10 cream 2 1 Initial speck stage: faint, minute, reddish-brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. 3 low shouldered (x/y more than or equal to 0.30) FngSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI Rhiannon Crichton SptPsdStmPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International 2 present 0 absent margins curved inward 3 4 horizontal or supra-horizontal RchsWt_M_kg Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton SSuckN_Ct_SSuck Bioversity International no intensity 0 Rhiannon Crichton PltFstLfSptd_Ct_leaf Bioversity International 7 Other high intensity 10 IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCdsd Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise large blotches 3 mole rats 8 FrtCvShp_Est_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase < 25 % of roots galled 2 Rhiannon Crichton HndNumMsrd_Ct_Hnd Bioversity International 5 without pigmentation absent 0 IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvBdWght_M_mg only base of the style persists 4 MlRchsApp_Estm_1to7 Bioversity International Rachel Chase less than or equal to 10 mm 1 11-30 egg masses 3 1 truncated Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp32 First-spot stage: the streak broadens and becomes more or less fusiform and elliptical in outline and similar to the first-spot stage of Sigatoka (Leach 1946). The transition from streak to spot is further characterised by the development of a light brown, water-soaked border around the spot. This water-soaked effect is especially clear in the early morning, when dew is still present on the leaf, or after rain. 4 5 Stage 5 is when the elliptical spot is totally black and has spread to the underside of the limb. It is surrounded by a yellow halo with the centre beginning to flatten out. pink/pink-purple 10 0 very light yellow Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven leafChlorosis leafChlorosis_Comp_unitless less than or equal to 20 cm 1 no visual leaf symptoms 1 margins overlapping 4 1 no internal symptoms soft 0 2 brown 3 equal to or more than 17 watery green 3 entire inner rhizome discoloured 6 lengthSingleLeaf lengthPerLeaf singleLeafLength_Meas_cm Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven Danny Coyne IITA MeloiNumSlWt_Comp_Nema 34-66 % of older leaves turning yellow, with some hanging down the pseudostem 3 3 obtuse juvenile 3 strongly bottle-necked (wider under tip than number 2) 4 3 curved (sharp curve) ShtHvstTime_Comp_d Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International temp31 Rhiannon Crichton orange red 10 4 green yellow other 10 FngWtTtl_Comp_kg Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International firm 5 > 75 % of roots galled 5 5 erect 1 no contrast between margin and petiole (without a colour line along) 2 one yellow finger 1 yellow not parthenocarpic 2 1 High shouldered (x/y less than or equal to 0.28) dont know 10 0 soft Third or mature spot stage: the centre of the spot dries out, becoming light grey or buff-coloured, and further depressed. The spot is surrounded by a narrow, well-defined, dark brown or black border. between the latter and the normal green colour of the leaf, there is often a bright yellow transitional zone. After the leaf has collapsed and withered, spots remain clearly visible because of the light-coloured centre and dark border. 6 FrtDiam_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 1 present 2 red-purple 3 Second-streak stage: the streaks may elongate slightly, but the most notable change is that in colour from reddish brown to dark brown or almost black, sometimes with a purplish tinge. The streak is now clearly visible on the upper surface of the leaf. The distribution of streaks at this stage of development varies in the same way as mentioned above. When streaks are very numerous, and more or less evenly distributed, the entire leaf blackens. high intensity 10 neutral/male flowers on the whole stalk without persistent bracts (still firmly attached to the rachis) 5 temp8 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rachel Chase CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to5 discolouration greater than two-thirds of vascular tissue 5 erect 5 1 Initial speck stage: symptoms are first visible to the naked eye as faint, minute (less than 0.25 mm diam), reddish brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. Specks are often most abundant near the margin of the left side of the leaf, particularly towards the tip. Where leaf spot is severe, specks have been observed on the second leaf of plants that have not yet produced a bunch. Elsewhere they usually appear on the third, fourth, or older leaves. BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Gauhl IITA-Bioversity International purple to blue 3 2 dark brown 2 2.1-2.9 m 6 Third or mature spot stage: the centres of the lesions dry out becoming light grey or buff coloured and a bright yellow transitional zone appears between them and the normal green colour of the leaf. The lesions remain clearly visible after the leaf has collapsed or withered because of their light coloured centre and dark border. orange red 10 5 > 100 egg masses blue 7 6 Small bunch from neutral/hermaphrodite flowers just above the male bud 9 orange-red 1 parthenocarpic 2 green 1 orange-brown (mahogany, like in Pisang Mas) 51-100% of lamina with symptoms 6 8 other 10 bright yellow 4 yellow banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) 3 4 Stage 4 appears on the underside as a brown spot and on the upper side as a black spot. 2 3-10 egg masses black-purple 3 no symptoms 0 like a top 1 watery green 3 4 31-100 egg masses Bioversity International Rachel Chase MlBdLngthRt_M_1to3 medium green 6 adult female 2 less than 1% of lamina with symptoms, only streaks and/or up to 10 spots 1 2 ** 4 First-spot stage: the streaks broaden and become more or less fusiform or elliptical in outline and a water soaked border appears around each lesion. equal to or more than 31 cm 3 2 dislike clasping 1 3 other (specify on answer sheet) 2 present 5 other Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HvstDst_Comp_PlntHa fusarium wilt 2 straight in the distal part 2 blunt-tipped (plateau at tip) 3 1 sparse blotching 5 medium intensity 3 ivory attribute 5 light green firm 10 dwarf 1 Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black centre of each lesion becomes slightly depressed and water soaked border becomes more pronounced. 5 3 straight in the distal part 0 no egg masses high intensity 10 good 2 1 convolute red-purple 4 1 leaf spots open with margins spreading 1 1 revolute (rolling) nematodes 7 1 corm completely clean, no vascular discolouration small blotches 2 Record the date of event. Date of weevil damage to corm assessment - estimation Pigmentation of outer surface Colour of pigmentation on outer surface of cigar leaf on a developed sucker Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf on sucker 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement The projected leaf area of a plant (photosynthetic surface) topLeafArea Area Projected top area Visual assessment. Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field - estimation datedamage Date of damage The date damage to the plant is first observed. Date of damage Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation - computation Calculation from count Black leaf streak disease evolution time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/04/2014 = 61 days. Calculate as: the sum of the Hand weight measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8 = 40.0. Total finger weight - hands - computation Colour line along edge of petiole margin - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Record on the last developed leaf at [x flowering stage] [shooting]. Nematode root knot galling extent Extent of root knot nematodes The extent of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Ratio pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_dry Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of pseudostem versus whole plant dry mass ratio Pseudostem to whole plant mass ratio Average finger peel thickness Average thickness of the peel The average thickness of the peel of a finger. avepeelthickness singleLeafLength Length Single leaf length The length of a leaf Weighing Fresh weight - measurement Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. pulp colour Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was second ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise µM Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 DIT The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Black leaf streak disease incubation time statedescription State description A description of the state of the plant. Plant state description Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 334 days. Plant crop cycle - computation Average number of fingers in hand - hands - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (10 + 10 + 11 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 11 +12 + 12 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 11) / 16 = 10.8. Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in roots Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per fresh root weight Weevil larvae body length - measurement Measurement under microscope plant cm Male bud shape - computation Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape. The average actual annual yield, taking into account the proportion of plants harvested, from the number of plants planted Average actual annual yield actualannyield Average actual annual yield Matooke gustatory complex sensation, generally due to presence of organic acids Sourness MatSour Matooke sourness Visually observe the fruit apex point and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.6 in the reference material. Fruit apex point - estimation The length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Banana weevil adult body length Body length Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of dead roots. Number of dead roots - counting Record the date of event. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 - estimation Average finger circumference The average circumference of the fingers. Average circumference avefingercircumf Vitamin C - measurement Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. Weight Multiple finger weight The weight of multiple fingers. multfingerweight plantheightpetioles Height The height of the pseudostem of the plant, from the collar to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves. Plant height Weigh multiple fingers together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Multiple finger weight - measurement nematode lifecycle stages Shape Shape of the fully developed bunch on a plant Bunch shape Date of appearance of external symptoms caused by Fusairum wilt Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The date of the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. maiden sucker Overall plant appearance Calculation of preference score by respondents Preference score PS Peripheral damage - measurement Visual observation dateshoot Date of shooting The date the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position. Date of shooting Male rachis type - estimation Visually observe the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Ratio of projected leaf area to the actual leaf area, measure for the compactness of the plant crown Ratio Leaf area to plant area ratio leafAreaRatio Researchers calculate the preference score by male respondents Preference score male respondents Number of adult weevils measured Number of banana weevil adults measured How many banana weevil adults used to obtain a measurement. % The overall estimation of sucker quality on a mat suckering Overall suckering quality Sucker quality Press a piece of banana between the molars and appreciate the adhesion of the product Stickiness Sensory Texture method Hand rank of 2nd-most distal hand handid2ndmostdistal The rank (order) of a the second-most distal hand in the bunch. Rank Boiled plantain Stickiness Boiled plantain Force required to peel off the fraction of product adhering to the interior of the oral cavity Stickiness BoiPlantnStic Date of first youngest leaf spotted - estimation Record the date of event. Matooke smoothness MatSmoothM Smoothness in mouth Matooke geometrical textural attribute relating to lack of presence of particles in a product numsuckers The number of all types of suckers in the mat. Number of all types of suckers Number of suckers Description of traits considered important in selection of least genotype by respondents Selection criteria for genotype ranked lowest by respondents Genotype selection traits Fruit smashed pulp texture Texture The texture of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit rachisweight The weight of the rachis. Rachis weight Weight A leaf weight trait which is the fresh weight of a leaf Leaf fresh weight Fresh weight leafFreshMass Matooke homogeneity of surface colour Uniformity of color of the surface of the sample MatSurfHomColV Matooke Surface color homogeneity rachis appearance scale (1 to 5) peeper sucker The weight of multiple hands. multhandweight Weight Multiple hand weight Select at random five functional primary roots, at least 10 cm long. Reduce the length of the five selected roots to 10 cm and slice through the roots length-wise. Evaluate one half of each of the five roots for the percentage of root cortex showing necrosis. The maximum root necrosis per root half can be 20 %, giving a maximum root necrosis of 100 % for the five halves together. Mentally determine the necrosis of the individual roots (1 to 5) and sum these together to get the total root necrosis of the sample. Root necrosis caused by nematodes - estimation Ratoon crop cycle - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle, e.g. 24/11/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 335 days. Average head capsule width Banana weevil adult average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil adult head. Male bud shoulder - computation Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape Gram accumulated biomass per volume water transpired Transpiration efficiency - computation pulpdiam Fruit pulp lateral diameter Lateral diameter of the pulp The lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Anther colour Main colour of the face of anther opposite to dehiscence Colour Pseudostem height increase over time pseudostemHeightIncrease Height increase of pseudostem Growth bract apex scale (1 to 4) Dry plant growth Dry mass accumulation over time growthDry Growth Fusion of pedicels Degree of fusion of the pedicels before they join the rachis Fusion height score (1 to 3) bract imbrication scale (1 to 3) m2 mL Number of Pratylenchus spp. per soil sample Number of Pratylenchus spp. in soil Population density Root necrosis caused by nematodes Percentage necrotic The percentage of the root cortex of five functional roots approximately 10 cm long that is necrotic due to nematode damage. dd/mm/yyyy weevil Leaf to whole plant mass ratio Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of leaves versus whole plant dry mass ratio Ratio leafToPlantMassRatio_dry open answer Record the rank of the previously marked leaf (the leaf that was marked in the Rank of marked youngest leaf during the last data collection), counting the leaf rank by starting with the newest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of previously marked leaf - counting Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to under the neck of the curved peduncle, using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Plant height - neck of peduncle - measurement Length Length of male bud from end of rachis to apex of the bud Male bud length Overall bunch quality goodbunch Quality The overall estimation of the bunch quality on a mat Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 Cause of death The cause of death of the plant. Cause of death causedeath Average body length The average length of a weevil larvae body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Banana weevil larvae average body length leaf rank Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Harvest density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,250 = 68.13. Actual annual yield - computation Combined number of plants planted Number of plants planted The number of plants that are planted. numplanted Nematode species The nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Species present Bract behaviour before falling - estimation Visually observe the last bract to lift from the hands, ideally when the bract has lifted to a horizontal position, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 2 photos of descriptpr 6.5.12 in the reference material. Firmness BoiPlantnFirm Force required to obtain deformation, penetration or rupture of the banana Boiled plantain Firmness Boiled plantain Measurement under microscope Weevil larvae body weight - measurement Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 67 / 300 * 100 = 22%. Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with female respondents day Presence/absence of yellowing YL The presence/absence of yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Date of data collection The date of data collection. datedatacoll Date of data collection Damage to lower outer corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. No. per 10g The rank (order) of a hand in the bunch. handid Hand rank Rank hand rank leaf The smoothness-mouth feel of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Smoothness-mouth feel Fruit smashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel Calculate as: multiply the distance of the spacing between the plants, both latitudinally and longitudinally, e.g. 2 m x 3 m = 6 m2. Plant spacing - computation Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Fruit pulp lateral diameter - measurement Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the lateral diameter of the fruit pulp, from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Aroma of fresh grass Matooke Matooke aroma grassy MatAroGrassA Grassy-like aroma Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3 The date of planting the plant. Date of planting dateplant Date of planting Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of flowering to the Date of harvest, e.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/10/2014 = 61 days. Time from flowering to harvest - computation Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt SP Presence/absence of splitting The presence/absence of a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. Internal length Finger internal length fingerintlength The length of a finger measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. petiole-margin contrast Moistness scale 0-10 Weekly leaf emission rate Weekly leaf emission rate LER A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a week. Put a part of the sample in the mouth, chew and evaluate the quantity of water within the sample. Moisture in mouth method MatAroPumpA Aroma of pumpkin. Possibly, precise if the taste is like boiled pumpkin or fried... Pumpkin-like aroma Matooke Matooke aroma pumpkin Dry weight Pseudostem dry weight pseudostemDryMass The dry weight of the pseudostem Visual appearance - estimation Subjective visual assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Sweetness tasting method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of taste of sweetness Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second lowest in preference ranking exercise Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 6 The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Black leaf streak disease development time DDT unitless The presence/absence of changes in new leaves - irregular pale margins, narrowing of lamina, burning plus ripping of lamina, lamina becoming more erect, caused by Fusarium wilt. Presence/absence of changes CNL Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt End date and time of data collection - estimation Record the date and time of event. blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 4) Perception of the amount of water absorbed or released by the product Boiled plantain Moistness BoiPlantnMois Moistness Boiled plantain Population density Nematode reproduction factor (microplot screening) Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation of 50 nematodes per 8 cm length after 12 weeks Number of nematodes per unit of fresh weight Root nematode density The number of nematode individuals per unit of fresh root weight. bud size scale (1 to 3) Measure the length of a finger, along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger internal length - measurement Ratoon crop cycle Ratoon crop cycle harvest2harvest The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle. Calculate as: the length of a year (e.g. 365 days) divided by the Plant crop cycle or the Ratoon crop cycle, e.g. 365 / 334 = 1.09. Annual crop cycle proportion - computation Number of banana weevil larvae measured Number of banana weevil larvae measured How many banana weevil larvae used to obtain a measurement. Date of planting - estimation Record the date of event. Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description A description of the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection being done at the time of data collection. Pest/disease assessment/sample collection description pestdiseasesampledescription Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse - estimation Visual assessment. g The time elapsed between the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, to 6. Black leaf streak disease evolution time Time elapsed from Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 to 6 DET The date a tagged cigar leaf is at Bruns stage B of unrolling. Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B Date of tagging at Bruns stage B of unrolling Hardness in hand method Take a part of the sample between fingers and evaluate how hard the sample is Nematode egg-laying females extent - estimation Collect all roots from a standard size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 1 cm pieces. Take a subsample of 5 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Stain the egg masses by immersing the roots in 0.15 g/L phloxine B for 15 mins. Count the number of egg-laying females under a stereo microscope. Chewiness Sensory Texture method Place the sample in the mouth, chew it at the rate of one chewing per second and assess the number of chews before swallowing. functional roots Damage description describedamage A description of the damage to the plant. Description of damage The number of hands used to obtain a measurement. Number used to obtain a measurement numhandsmeas Number of hands measured Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation Appearance in relation to the presence or absence of neutral, male and/or hermaphrodite flowers Appearance of flowers/bracts on the male rachis Male rachis appearance Population density Number of nematodes in soil Nematode population density by species in soil Banana weevil larvae average body weight The average weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Average body weight The pulp aroma of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit smashed pulp aroma/smell Aromas yyyy/mm/dd Grassy-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of grassy-like aroma Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Off-type description A description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. describeofftype Description of how off-type Index of non-spotted leaves - computation Calculate as: 100 multiplied by (Youngest leaf spotted, minus 1), divided by Number of standing leaves, e.g. 100 * (6 - 1) / 12 = 42. Population density Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per fresh root weight Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in roots Number of plants not harvested - computation Calculate as: the Number of plants planted, minus the Number of plants dead, minus the Number of plants harvested, e.g. 24 - 4 - 18 = 2. Death density deathdens Combined density of plants that are dead The number of plants that are dead, in a defined area. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt For the tallest sucker, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch - counting Count only fully developed fruit. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands. Count the middle hand that developed first. Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per soil sample Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in soil Population density Visually observe the male rachis position (the part between the last hand and the male bud) and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.12 in the reference material. Male rachis position - estimation The area allocated to one plant. plantspacing Area allocated to one plant Plant spacing Water loss - measurement Weighing of water loss though system between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Determine the presence/absence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Nematode root knot galling presence - estimation Number of hands measured - counting Count how many hands are used to obtain a measurement. numswordsuckers Number of sword suckers Number of sword suckers The number of sword suckers (suckers with narrow leaves and a large rhizome) in the mat. The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 The number of maiden suckers (fully grown suckers with foliage leaves) in the mat. Number of maiden suckers Number of maiden suckers nummaidensuckers Nematode stage - estimation Identify the nematode stage, using the options. fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 6) rootShootDry Ratio root to shoot Ratio The ratio of dry mass of belowground (root) to abovegrund (shoot) biomass Harvest density harvdens The number of plants that are harvested, in a defined area. Combined density of plants harvested rwcRoot Content Root relative water content The relative water content in a root BD colour chart B - 2016 bract behaviour scale (1 to 2) Colour of bract internal face - estimation Visually observe the colour of the internal face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight -method Plant crop cycle The time elapsed from planting to the harvest of the bunch. Time from planting to harvest plant2harvest The date the assessment of weevil damage to the corm of the plant is conducted. Date of weevil damage assessment Date of weevil damage to corm assessment Blotches area - estimation Record the relative surface area coverage by blotches. [x Look at several plants if possible to get an overall idea. Observe at flowering time]. Average finger external length - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger external length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (30 + 34 + 32 + 33 + 33 + 31) / 6 = 32.1. The average lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. Average finger lateral diameter avefingerlatdiam Average lateral diameter YLS Rank of youngest leaf spotted Youngest leaf spotted The rank (order) of the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 leaf spot light-coloued dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - complete Height Distance from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Pseudostem height Ratio Root to whole plant mass ratio rootToPlantMassRatio_dry Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of roots versus whole plant dry mass ratio leafChlorosis Leaf trait correlated to the health stage of the leaf Leaf chlorosis Chlorosis Ex: g/100 mL juice???? The number of fingers used to obtain a measurement. Number used to obtain a measurement numfingersmeas Number of fingers measured Blotch surface area Blotches relative area at petiole base Percentage coverage of petiole base by blotches. Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. Combined percentage with splitting pseudostem base Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (unclassified spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Put a piece of banana in your mouth and assess the presence of mealiness particles during chewing Mealiness Sensory Texture method Selection traits (text) leaf pestdiseasesampleoptions Pest/disease assessment/sample collection options The options to record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection done at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight -method Male bud length - measurement Measure the length (y) of a projection/outline of the male bud on paper, with a measuring tape or ruler. Weighing of water loss though plant between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Water loss - measurement finger Blotches colour - estimation Observe visually the colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath. Time from planting to first youngest spotted leaf - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of first youngest leaf spotted, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 151 days. Number of Radopholus similis per fresh root weight Number of Radopholus similis in roots Population density Put in the mouth a piece of banana and Evaluate the force necessary to obtain the deformation of the product between the teeth during the first compression Firmness Sensory Texture method Hand weight - measurement Cut a hand from the rachis and weigh the hand, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. A pseudostem weight trait which is the fresh weight of a pseudostem Pseudostem fresh weight pseudostemFreshMass Fresh weight fingerlatdiam Finger lateral diameter The lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. Lateral diameter External length fingerextlength The length of a finger measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Finger external length The dry weight of the whole plant. Plant dry weight Dry weight plantDryMass Fresh plant growth Fresh mass accumulation over time growthFresh Growth Chewiness potannyield Average potential annual yield The average potential annual yield, assuming that all plants are harvested, from the number of plants planted. Average potential annual yield Fruit apex point Description of fruit apex Apex point Put a part of the sample in mouth, chew it and after 5 chews, evaluate between tongue and palate the number and the size of the particles. Smoothness in mouth method The average weight of the hands. avehandweight Average weight Average hand weight Chewiness Energy or number of chews necessary to chew the banana to make it ready to be swallowed Boiled plantain Chewiness BoiPlantnChew Boiled plantain The weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Banana weevil larvae body weight Body weight plant2death The time elapsed from planting to the death of the plant. Time from planting to death Time from planting to death Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 108 / 300 * 100 = 36%. The taste of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit unsmashed pulp taste Taste The presence or absence of dwarfism on a mat Dwarfism Dwarfism of plants dwarfism The length of a weevil larvae body, from the weevil larvae head to the tip of the abdomen. Body length Banana weevil larvae body length Pseudostem length Length lengthPseudostem The length of a pseudostem Bract behaviour before falling Behaviour of the last lifted bract - revolute or not revolute Behaviour before falling, whether revolute or not revolute Time from shooting to harvest The time elapsed from shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position) to the harvest of the bunch. shoot2harvest Time from shooting to harvest Tallest sucker height The height of the pseudostem of the tallest sucker within the same mat as the plant (the sucker that will become the next plant with a bunch, once the bunch from the current plant is harvested) suckerheight Height Fruit unsmashed pulp colour Colour The color of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Presence absence 1 rachis angle scale (1 to 2) BD colour chart A - 2016 Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 5) numpeepersuckers The number of peeper suckers (suckers less than 15 cm tall) in the mat. Number of peeper suckers Number of peeper suckers Number of Radopholus similis in soil Number of Radopholus similis per soil sample Population density An index to express the proportion of standing leaves without the typical late-stage symptoms of black leaf streak disease, i.e. a black spot with a necrotic centre. This index provides an estimation of available photosynthetic leaf area prior to fruit filling and is a measure of resistance. It also corrects for the difference in the number of leaves produced by different types of bananas. INSL Index of non-spotted leaves Index of non-spotted leaves The number of fingers in multiple hands. multnumfingshand Number of fingers Multiple number of fingers in hand Description of traits considered important in selection of third best genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked third highest by respondents The number of leaves with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. Number of spotted leaves Number of spotted leaves Content The relative water content in a leaf Leaf relative water content rwcLeaf Visual counting method Number of adult larvae - counting Taste method Sweetness Put a piece of banana in your mouth, chew it and swirl it around your tongue to detect the sweet flavor Weigh a finger, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger weight - measurement Ratio - computation Ratio of leaf dry mass versus plant dry mass fruit apex scale (1 to 5) The dry weight of the root system Dry weight rootDryMass Root dry weight Moisture in mouth MatMoistM perception of moisture content of a food by the tactile receptors in the mouth and also in relation to the lubricating properties of the product Matooke moisture Matooke 1 to 5 acceptability score blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 5) Average number of fingers Average number of fingers in hand avenumfingshand The average number of fingers in a hand. hand Ratio of root dry mass versus plant dry mass Ratio - computation plants/unit of area rachis type scale (1 to 2) bunchmaturity Bunch maturity stage at harvest The stage of maturity of the bunch at harvest. Stage of maturity at harvest Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt The extent of discolouration in the corm of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of discolouration Damage percent X-upper-outer Percentage damage to upper cross-section outer corm caused by weevils The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) upper cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Plant height - petiole of two youngest leaves - measurement The number of fingers in a hand. numfingershand Number of fingers Number of fingers in hand Volume waterLossPlant Plant water loss The amount of water loss through the plant over time nonharvdens Non-harvest density Combined density of plants not harvested The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), in a defined area. Refers to the first external unlifted bract. Visually observe the apex shape of flattened bracts to determine shape and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.5.2. in the reference material. Bract apex shape - estimation Number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the plant. Surface yellowness intensity MatSurfYellV Matooke surface yellowness intensity Matooke Color of the surface of the sample from light yellow to bright yellow Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Description of traits considered important in selection of best genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked highest by respondents hand Number of plants harvested - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of harvest. Cause of death - estimation Record the apparent cause of death of the plant, e.g. strong winds, Fusarium wilt, etc. Damage to upper inner corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Average number of banana weevil adults Average number of banana weevil adults per trap The average of how many adult banana weevils caught per trap. Record a description of the state of the plant. Plant state description - estimation Date of first youngest leaf spotted Date of first youngest leaf spotted The date a youngest leaf spotted is first observed on the plant, caused by black leaf streak disease. Combined proportion of plants harvested Harvest proportion The proportion of plants that are harvested, from the number of plants planted. harvprop Time from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Time elapsed between planting and the appearance of the first youngest leaf spotted. Time elapsed from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Male rachis position Angle of the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud Angle of the rachis between last hand and male bud Egg-laying female root knot nematode Presence absence 0 Time from start of crop cycle to appearance of external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The time elapsed from the start of the crop cycle to the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Cut the hands off from the rachis and weigh all the hands together, using scales. Total finger weight - measurement Describe the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description - estimation Banana weevil larvae head capsule width The width of a weevil larvae head capsule. Head capsule width Count how many water suckers are in the mat. Number of water suckers - counting The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem of the tallest sucker should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Number of weevil larvae - counting Visual counting method Index of black leaf streak disease severity Sucker quality - estimation Visual estimation of suckering, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Off-type description - estimation Record a description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. Boiled plantain Sweetness BoiPlantnSwt Boiled plantain Elemental flavor caused by dilute aqueous solutions of various substances such as sucrose or aspartame Sweetness leafDryMass Dry weight The dry weight of a leaf Leaf dry weight Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Damage to lower inner corm weevils - measurement Cut the hands off the rachis and weigh the rachis, using scales. Rachis weight - measurement clasping or not clasping Number of water suckers numwatersuckers The number of water suckers (suckers with broad leaves, a small rhizome, and a weak connection to the plant) in the mat. Number of water suckers Black leaf streak disease severity - estimation Visually observe and record the amount of the surface area of a standing leaf that is affected by black leaf streak disease. (Plant Fresh Weight - Plant Dry Weight) / Plant Fresh Weight Water content - computation BD colour chart A - 2016 Fusarium wilt internal symptoms scale Date and time of end of data collection End date and time of data collection The date and time of the end of data collection on a plant. dateendtimedatacoll estnumfingers The estimated number of fingers in the bunch based on a calculation using the number of fingers in the third and second-most distal hands and the number of hands in the bunch. Calculated number of fingers in bunch Number of fingers kg fruit relicts scale (1 to 4) Percentage of dead roots - computation Calculate as: the Number of dead roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 8 / 20 * 100 = 40 % dead roots. BD colour chart A - 1996 Researchers calculate the preference score by female respondents Preference score female respondents Nematode egg-laying females extent Extent of root knot nematodes The extent of egg-laying female root knot nematodes, observed internally as pit-like structures on the roots. Plant circumference at collar - measurement Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible. Count how many fingers are in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand - counting Banana pest disease Average number of banana weevil larvae The average of how many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Average number of banana weevil larvae per trap The relative water content in the whole plant Plant relative water content rwcPlant Content MatMolT Matooke moldability Matooke mechanical textural attribute relating to the degree to which a substance can be deformed before it breaks Moldability in hand Male bud size - measurement Length and maximum diamter of male bud at harvest. Visual assessment. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Boiled plantain BoiPlantnMeal Boiled plantain Mealiness Mealiness Mechanical property linked to cohesion and the presence of fine particles in the product during chewing Thickness of the peel Finger peel thickness peelthickness The thickness of the peel of a finger. Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 - computation bud shape scale (1 to 5) Visual counting method of Weevil traps (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long). Number of adult weevil trap - counting Main colour of the first external unlifted bract internal face Colour of bract internal face Colour of the internal face The weight of the bunch, including the rachis. Bunch weight Weight bunchweight Fruit smashed pulp taste The taste of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Taste Fresh weight - measurement Weighing Water content - computation (Root Fresh Weight - Root Dry Weight) / Root Fresh Weight complex sensation, accompanied by shrinking, drawing or puckering of the skin or mucosal surface in the mouth, produced by substances such as kaki tannins or sloe tannins Matooke Astringency MatAstr Matooke astringency Top view image of loose leaves Leaf area - measurement Put a part of the sample in your mouth, evaluate during the first bite (between molars) how hard is the sample. Firmness in mouth method Vitamin C content The Vitamin C content of freeze-dried smashed pulp of a mature fruit Vitamin C content Number of Meloidogyne spp. in roots Number of Meloidogyne spp. per fresh root weight Population density Harvest proportion - computation Calculate as: the Number of plants harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 18 / 24 = 0.75. Finger pendulance quality The overall estimation fruit pendulance on a bunch Overall fruit pendulance quality pendulantfruit Adult weevil body - measurement Electronic weighing method Calculate as: the sum of the Finger circumference measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (7.0 + 8.0 + 9.0 + 10.0 + 7.0 + 9.5) / 6 = 8.4. Average finger circumference - computation Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 112 / 300 * 100 = 37%. Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation Nosal smell - estimation Nosal smell assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp aromas Combined percentage with yellowing leaves Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Bract imbrication at apex of male bud - estimation Visually observe the bract imbrication of the apex of the male bud and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.5.3 in the reference material. mL / cm? finger Fruit smashed pulp colour The color of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Colour Number of Meloidogyne spp. per soil sample Population density Number of Meloidogyne spp. in soil Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Non-harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.08 = 133. Non-harvest density - computation bunch shape scale (1 to 5) Count how many fingers are in multiple hands. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of hands measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Multiple number of fingers in hand - counting Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in soil Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per soil sample Multiple hand weight - measurement Cut multiple hands from the rachis and weigh them together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of hands measured. Number of Pratylenchus spp. per fresh root weight Population density Number of Pratylenchus spp. in roots Colour of bract external face - estimation Visually observe the colour of the external face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Fusarium wilt external symptoms scale Visual assessment. Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Blotches colour at the petiole base Main colour Colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath of the petiole base. Combined proportion of plants that are dead deathprop The proportion of plants that are dead, from the number of plants planted. Death proportion Rate Daily rate of water loss waterLossDay The average daily water loss Visual assessment. Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation multiplication factor Length [x at maturity] Length of the internal arc of a finger ** subsume Fruit length blotch color scale (1 to 4) Peripheral damage caused by weevils The percentage of damage to the periphery of the peeled corm, assessed by tunnels caused by weevils Damage to periphery of peeled corm caused by weevils Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Petiole margins winged Wing presence Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards 2 pt scale Mouth feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Smoothness-Mouth feel - estimation Preference scale Ratio of non green to green plant pixels Leaf chlorosis - computation sweetness scale 0-10 Preference scoring scale female respondents Individual female respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Count the number of leaves Leaf number - counting Number of nematodes (Helicotylenchus multicinctus) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample plants not harvested/plants planted Focus group discussion for top traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise wing presence/absence and clasping presence/absence scale 1 to 5 Firmness scale 0-10 Circumference 1 m above the ground plantcircumf100cm The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 100 cm from the collar. Plant circumference 100 cm from the collar fruit length scale (1 to 5) Average finger weight avefingerweight Average weight The average weight of the fingers. crop cycle duration/year Calculate as: number of square metres in the area unit of choice, divided by the Plant spacing, e.g. 10,000 square metres in 1 hectare / 6 = 1,667 plants/ha. Plant density - computation Combined percentage with changes in new leaves Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Number of functional leaves functleaves The number of leaves on the plant that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Number of functional leaves Calculate as: the Number of functional roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 12 / 20 * 100 = 60 % functional roots. Percentage of functional roots - computation numFuncLeaves Number The number of functional leaves (greenness>50%) in a shoot system Functional leaf number The third leaf (Leaf III) is counted from the last leaf produced before [x bunch emergence] [shooting]. Cut the petiole halfway between the pseudostem and the leaf blade and examine the cross section. [x Observe at flowering time]. Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf - estimation Number of nematodes (Rotylenchulus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample hands anncropcycprop Annual crop cycle proportion Proportion of crop cycle that takes place in one year The proportion of the crop cycle that takes place in one year. Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with female respondents Matooke sweetness basic taste produced by dilute aqueous solutions of natural or artificial substances such as sucrose Matooke Sweetness MatSweet Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt For the plant, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Number The number of functional roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number of functional roots Combined percentage with internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem, caused by Fusarium wilt. Number of hands on whole bunch - counting On a bunch with mostly hands of > 10 fingers, a possible ultimate hand with 1-5 (rather smaller) fingers should not be counted. color homogeneity scale 0-10 Bunch position - estimation Visually observe the angle of the bunch and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.6 in the reference material. Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Finger circumference Circumference fingercircumf The circumference of a finger. Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with male respondents Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked second highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of second best genotype by respondents wing presence/absence Water loss rate - computation Measurement of system water loss between two timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. BD colour chart B - 1996 dwarfism Visual estimation of bunch quality, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Bunch quality - estimation Pseudostem relative water content rwcPseudostem The relative water content in a pseudostem Content Fruit length - exact value - measurement Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the exact value. Number of fingers The number of fingers in the second-most distal hand numfingers2nddistalhand Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand Date of harvest Date of harvest dateharvest The date the bunch is harvested from the plant. fruit relicts scale (1 to 3) The number of fingers in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in outer whorl numfingersouterwhorl2nddistalhand Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand Pseudostem colour - estimation Detach the outermost sheath from the pseudostem (the sheath should not be too dry). Record the overall impression of colour of the exposed surface of the underlying pseudostem. Note that this main colour should cover more than 75% of the underlying pseudostem surface. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. fruitpulpcolour Pulp colour The colour of the fruit pulp. Fruit pulp colour mg Shape of the first external unlifted bract of the male bud Apex shape Bract apex shape Average finger peel thickness - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger peel thickness measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3) / 6 = 2. The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar. plantcircumfcollar Plant circumference at collar Circumference at collar The height of the pseudostem of the plant from the collar to the curved neck of the peduncle. Plant height to neck of peduncle plantheightneck Height Measurement under microscope Weevil larvae head capsule - measurement Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the range. Fruit pedical length - range - measurement Average finger internal length - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger internal length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (27 + 31 + 29 + 30 + 30 + 28) / 6 = 29.2. Count how many of the standing leaves are spotted (with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), considering all leaves in between and inclusive of, the youngest leaf and the oldest standing leaf. Number of spotted leaves - counting Faures stages of development of BLS disease scale (1987) Overall plant appearance Overall plant appearance PA Assessment by respondents of physical features of a plant by giving it a score on the preference scale nematodes/unit of fresh root weight Bunch weight - measurement Harvest the bunch by cutting the peduncle 10 cm above the first ridge above the most proximal, hand and immediately below the most distal hand and weigh the bunch (including the rachis), using scales. Number of standing leaves Number of standing leaves The number of leaves attached to the plant that have an erect petiole (not bent or broken). % Count how many sword suckers are in the mat. Number of sword suckers - counting The number of plants that are planted, in a defined area. Plant density Combined density of plants planted plantdens Anther colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the anther colour on the face opposite to the dehiscence split of the anther. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. g / mL Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus in soil Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus per soil sample Population density Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the range. Fruit length - range - measurement Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 - computation The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 20 cm from the collar. Circumference 20 cm above the ground Plant circumference 20 cm from the collar plantcircumf20cm Preference number scale The number of fingers in the third hand. Number of fingers numfingers3rdhand Number of fingers in 3rd hand Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf Behaviour Margin behaviour of the petiole canal of the third leaf before bunch. Body weight Banana weevil adult body weight The weight of a banana weevil adult weevil body. Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Observation should be made at shooting on the neck, where the petiole and pseudostem meet. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin clasping - estimation The shortest diagonal of a fitted ellips Leaf width - measurement Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per fresh root weight Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in roots Index of black leaf streak disease severity None Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Pseudostem height increase per leaf formed Growth pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf Stunting expressed as height growth per new formed leaf Surface color homogeneity Appearance method When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the homogeneity Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, using a tape measure. Plant circumference 75 cm - measurement Stickiness scale 0-10 Total finger weight The weight of all the hands of the bunch, excluding the rachis. Combined weight totalfingerweight Record the date of event. Date of damage - estimation Rank of previously marked leaf rankprevleaf Rank The current rank (position) of the leaf that was previously marked as the youngest leaf at the time of the last data collection event. The width of a banana weevil adult weevil head. Head capsule width Banana weevil adult head capsule width Record the date of event. Date of data collection - estimation fusion of pedicel scale (1 to 2) Record the date of event. Date of harvest - estimation 5 pt corm discolouration scale The date of death of the plant. Date of death datedeath Date of death Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Number of functional leaves The number of leaves on the tallest sucker that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. tallsuckererfunctleaves Tallest sucker number of functional leaves roots Recorded from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Pseudostem height - estimation Matooke Matooke-like aroma Aroma of the local matooke. Matooke aroma matooke MatAroMatA Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 24 / 300 * 100 = 8%. Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - computation The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Leaf length - measurement bud shape scale (1 to 3) Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the exact value. Fruit pedicel length - exact value - measurement Date of flowering - estimation Record the date of event. System water loss per leaf area waterLossSystPerLeafArea The amount of water loss in the system normalized by the leaf area Volume Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Combined percentage with petiole collapse leaf rank Record the date of event. Date of death - estimation Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight - method Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Annual plant productivity - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, e.g. 48 * 1.09 = 52.32. Percentage damage to upper cross-section inner corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-upper-inner The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) upper cross-section, assessed by the percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Dwarfism - estimation Visual estimation of dwarfism, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Number of banana weevil adults Number of banana weevil adults per trap How many banana weevil adults caught per trap. Youngest leaf spotted - counting Record the rank (order) of the youngest leaf spotted (the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Monthly leaf emission rate LER Monthly leaf emission rate A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a month. Damage description - estimation Record a description of the damage to the plant, e.g. leaves ripped, pseudostem snapped, plant toppled, etc. Average fruit pulp lateral diameter - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Fruit pulp lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.1 + 4.8 + 3.7 + 4.6 + 5.6 + 6.4) / 6 = 4.7. Number of hands Number of hands on whole bunch Number of hands on bunch **subsume Damage percent X-lower-outer Percentage damage to lower cross-section outer corm caused by weevils The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Cause of damage Cause of damage causedamage The apparent cause of damage to the plant. sourness scale 0-10 blotch color scale (1 to 5) Selection criteria for genotype ranked third lowest by respondents Genotype selection traits Description of traits considered important in selection of third least genotype by respondents Open question The width of a leaf Single leaf width Width singleLeafWidth Non-harvest proportion - computation Calculate as: the Number of plants not harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 2 / 24 = 0.08. fruit pedicel scale (1 to 3) The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development). Number of plants not harvested numnotharv Combined number of plants not harvested scale_of Number of functional roots - counting Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of functional roots. bunch position scale(1 to 5) Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Number numLeaves The number of all leaves (including dried/dead/wilted/yellow) in a shoot system Leaf number Leaf length - measurement The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Average damage to the corm weevils - computation Calculate as: the sum of Damage to inner corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to outer corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to inner corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, and Damage to outer corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, divided by the number of traits included in the sum, e.g. (25 + 36 + 18 + 20) / 4 = 24.8. Researchers calculate the preference score by respondents Preference score individual respondents moisture scale 0-10 Length totLeafLength The length of a leaf Total length of all leaves Rank of oldest standing leaf The rank (order) of the oldest (most-distal) standing leaf (with an erect petiole). Rank of oldest standing leaf The overall estimation of fruit parthenocarpy level on a bunch Parthenocarpy Parthenocarpy goodfruitfill Sourness method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of the sourness Death density - computation Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Death proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.17 = 283. MatStickT Matooke Stickiness in hand Matooke stickiness mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to remove material that sticks to the mouth 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement margin behaviour scale (1 to 5) Moistness Mouth impression method Once the flavors are detected, moisture is felt by turning the product in the mouth Leaf area - measurement Top view image Root nematode density - computation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant, do not include roots from adjacent plants. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 10 cm long pieces and dry with paper tissue. Take a subsample of 15 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Put the roots in 100 ml of distilled water in a kitchen blender. Macerate the roots 3 times for 10 secs (separated by 5 sec intervals). Pour the macerated suspension through 250, 106 and 40 micro-metre sieves and rinse the sieves with tap water. Using distilled water, collect in a beaker the nematodes from the 40 micro-metre sieve. Using distilled water, dilute to 200 ml the nematode suspension in a graduated cylinder. Blow air through the nematode suspension with a pipette (to homogenise the suspension). Take a subsample of 6 ml (counting dish) or 2 ml (counting slide). Count the nematodes in the counting dish (stereo microscope) or in the counting slide (light microscope). Calculate the final nematode population per unit of fresh root weight. Percentage of flower relicts at fruit apex Remains of flower relicts at apex Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. kg Leaf area increase between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation plants harvested/plants planted Presence Presence or absence of colour line along edge of petiole margin Colour line along edge of petiole margin Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Combined percentage with external symptoms of Fusarium wilt Visual assessment. Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Time from planting to shooting - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of shooting. E.g. 24/09/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 243 days. Average finger lateral diameter - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.5 + 5.2 + 4.1 + 5 + 6 + 6.8) / 6 = 5.1. kg dateflower Date of flowering The date the last bracts fall from the most distal hand (closest to the male bud) to display the female flowers. Date of flowering Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of astringency impression due to the sample Astringency method Dry weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 Number of hands in bunch - counting Count how many hands are in the bunch. Formation Stunting expressed as number of leaves per height growth Leaves formed per pseudostem height increase leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth hardness scale 0-10 Imbrication Bract imbrication at apex of male bud Alignment of bracts at the apex of the male bud Finger peel thickness - measurement Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the width of the peel, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Count how many of the leaves are standing leaves (without a bent or broken petiole) Number of standing leaves - counting Finger circumference - measurement Measure the circumference of a finger at its widest point, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Increase of leaf area Leaf area increase over time leafAreaIncrease Growth Number of plants dead - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of death. Number of Rotylenchulus spp.per soil sample Number of Rotylenchulus spp.in soil Population density leaves/month Time from flowering to harvest flower2harvest The time elapsed from flowering (when the last bracts fall from the most distal hand to display the female flowers) to the harvest of the bunch. Time from flowering to harvest Calculate as: the sum of the the Finger weight measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (150 + 146 + 147 + 152 + 140 + 146) / 6 = 147. Average finger weight - computation The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the death of the plant from the current crop cycle. Time from harvest to death Time from harvest to death harvest2death Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 - computation Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.75 = 1,250. Harvest density - computation Average body length Banana weevil adult average body length The average length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Weighing Fresh weight - measurement Count how many fingers are used to obtain a measurement. Number of fingers measured - counting aroma scale 0-10 Mark the youngest completely unrolled leaf and record its rank, which is always 1. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of marked youngest leaf - counting t/unit of area/y Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 78 / 300 * 100 = 26%. Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Volume System water loss The amount of water loss in the system over time waterLossSyst Time from harvest to death - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of death of the current plant, e.g. 24/03/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 90 days. Pumpkin-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of pumpkin-like aroma Matooke Firmness in mouth Mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. MatFirmM Matooke firmness Fruit pedicel length Length Length of the fruit pedicel from rachis to the beginning of the pulp Fruit unsmashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel The smoothness-mouth feel of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Smoothness-mouth feel Main colour of the backside of the compound tepal Main colour Compound tepal main colour plants dead/plants planted The number of fingers in the second hand. Number of fingers Number of fingers in 2nd hand numfingers2ndhand (Pseudostem Fresh Weight - Pseudostem Dry Weight) / Pseudostem Fresh Weight Water content - computation Leaf area - measurement Top view image of a single leave Nematode root knot galling presence The presence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Presence of root knot nematodes PC Presence/absence of collapse Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt The presence/absence of petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Shape of a fruit (finger) in the middle of the bunch **subsume Fruit shape of curve Shape of the longitudinal curvature Root knot nematode galling The number of plants that are harvested. Number of plants harvested Combined number of plants harvested numharv Leaf yellowing and wilting caused by Fusarium wilt rating A rating of the extent of leaf yellowing and wilting, caused by Fusarium wilt. Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field []/cm Record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options - estimation The area of a leaf Leaf area Area singleLeafArea Record the apparent cause of the damage to the plant, e.g. strong winds, weevil damage, etc. Cause of damage - estimation Start date and time of data collection - estimation Record the date and time of event. Ratio - computation Ratio of pseudostem dry mass versus plant dry mass Water content - computation (Leaf Fresh Weight - Leaf Dry Weight) / Leaf Fresh Weight open answer nonharvprop Non-harvest proportion The proportion of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), from the number of plants planted. Combined proportion of plants not harvested Time from planting to death - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of death, e.g. 24/05/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 120 days. Efficiency Transpiration efficiency The growth (weight increase) per volume transpired water transpirationEfficiency Compound tepal main colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the backside middle of tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 Black leaf streak disease development time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 92 days. mm bad good Estimate maturity stage of the bunch. Bunch maturity stage - estimation The distance of discolouration in the pseudostem of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt Distance of discolouration Population density Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per soil sample Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in soil Petiole margin colour Main colour of the petiole margin. Where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Colour Count how many fingers are in the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand - counting Number Number of dead roots The number of dead roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. Matooke hardness MatHardT Hardness in hand Matooke bud length scale (1 to 3) Finger feel - estimation Finger feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp How many Number of banana weevil traps used How many banana weevil traps used. Finger external length - measurement Measure the length of a finger that is at the ready to eat stage, along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count how many peeper suckers are in the mat. Number of peeper suckers - counting Annual yield plantannyield The bunch weight produced by the plant over the course of the crop cycle, averaged across one year. Plant annual yield Winged petiole margin - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin colour - estimation The number of hands in the bunch. Number of hands Number of hands in bunch numhands Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 16 + 17 + 19 + 18 + 19 + 18 + 17 + 17 + 16 + 14 + 14 + 13 = 198. Number of fingers in bunch - computation sucker Focus group discussion for top traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise Shape Shape of male bud Male bud shape Number of plants dead The number of plants that are dead. Combined number of plants that are dead numdead Preference scoring scale male respondents Individual male respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Number of suckers - counting Count how many of all types of suckers are in the mat. Bunch shape - estimation Visually observe the shape of the mature bunch on a fully developed plant that is not experiencing environmental stress and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.4.7. in the reference material. Number of banana weevil larvae Number of banana weevil larvae per trap How many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Visually observe the remains, or not, of flower relicts at the finger apex, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.7.7 in the reference materials. Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex - estimation Start date and time of data collection datestarttimedatacoll The date and time of the start of data collection on a plant. Date and time of start of data collection Fruit pendulance - estimation Visual estimation of fruit pendulance on a bunch, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. variable_of Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Description of traits considered important in selection of second least genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked second lowest by respondents The date the plant is first recognised as an off-type. Date of recognising off-type Date of recognising off-type dateofftype Rank of oldest standing leaf - counting Record the rank (order) of the oldest standing leaf (with an erect petiole), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Number of fingers in 3rd hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Number of fingers in 2nd hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Number of all roots - computation Calculate as: the Number of dead roots plus the Number of functional roots, e.g. 8 + 12 = 20 roots. Lobe colour at tip of the tepal Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal Main colour of the tip of the compound tepal (lobe) Surface yellowness intensity Appearance method When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the intensity of the color Measurement under microscope Adult weevil head capsule - measurement Male bud shoulder description Male bud shoulder Ratio Nematode root knot galling extent - estimation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Where root knot nematode galls are present, determine the extent of the galling using the scale. Percentage damage to lower cross-section inner corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-lower-inner The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. smoothness scale 0-10 Record the date of event. Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B - estimation Finger lateral diameter - measurement Measure the lateral diameter of a finger from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), at the widest point, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the lobe at the tip of the tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Behaviour of male rachis - truncated or present. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Presence Male rachis type Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample finger Record the date of event. Date of shooting - estimation Count how many maiden suckers are in the mat. Number of maiden suckers - counting Calculate as: the Number of plants dead, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 4 / 24 = 0.17. Death proportion - computation Record the date of event. Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Water loss - measurement Weighing of water loss though system normalized by leaf area bract apex scale (1 to 5) Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting or the Date of harvest of the bunch from the plant of the previous crop cycle and the Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt. Average external length Average finger external length avefingerextlength The average length of the fingers measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Male rachis appearance - estimation Visually observe the male rachis appearance and choose the option that is most similar. Leaf area ratio - computation Computation of top leaf area with total (loose) leaf area firmness scale 0-10 Petiole margin colour - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Visual counting method of Weevils per trap (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long) Number of adult weevils - counting Sweetness scale 0-10 Percentage of dead roots Percentage of dead roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are dead. Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Plant density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,667 = 90.85. Potential annual yield - computation Weekly leaf emission rate - computation Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (2 - 1) / 1 week = LER of 1 leaves/week during a particular time period. Matooke-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of matoke-like aroma dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss Black leaf streak disease severity index - computation Calculate as: ((((Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0, multiplied by 0), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, multiplied by 1), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2, multiplied by 2), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3, multiplied by 3), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4, multiplied by 4), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5, multiplied by 5), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6, multiplied by 6)), divided by the number of grades in the scale minus 1 (i.e. 7-1)), divided by the Number of standing leaves), multiplied by 100. For example, ((((3 * 0) + (1 * 1) + (1 * 2) + (3 * 3) + (5 * 4) + (0 * 5) + (0 * 6)) / 6) / 13) * 100 = ((32 / 6) / 13) * 100 = 41. Texture Fruit unsmashed pulp texture The texture of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/04/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 31 days. Black leaf streak disease incubation time - computation Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf - estimation Visually observe the pigmentation of the outer surface of the cigar leaf of a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession. [x Observation should be made before shooting, on a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession.] Count how many fingers are in a hand. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Number of fingers in hand - counting bunch maturity Visually observe the fruit pulp colour and select the option in the colour chart that is most representative. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Fruit pulp colour - estimation Banana weevil adult average body weight Average body weight The average weight of a banana weevil adult body. leaves/week Root fresh weight Fresh weight rootFreshMass A root weight trait which is the fresh weight of a root BD colour chart A - 2016 Finger weight fingerweight Weight The weight of a finger. Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 - computation Ratio - computation Ratio of belowground (root) to aboveground (shoot) dry mass Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - condensed The time elapsed from planting to shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position). plant2shoot Time from planting to shooting Time from planting to shooting Main colour of the first external unlifted bract external face Colour of the external face Colour of bract external face Manual height measurement Length - measurement Count how many fingers are in the bunch. Number of fingers in bunch - counting No. per 100ml Percentage of functional roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are functional. Percentage of functional roots kg/plant/y On the tallest sucker, measure the distance from the pseudostem base at the ground to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Tallest sucker height - measurement Plant fresh weight A plant weight trait which is the fresh weight of a plant Fresh weight plantFreshMass mm yellowness scale 0-10 Growth - computation Leaf area difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Rank of marked youngest leaf rankyoungleaf Rank The rank (position) of the youngest completely unrolled leaf. Put a part of the sample between thumb and index fingers and using tapping motions, evaluate the amount of product adhering on them Stickiness in hand method stickiness scale 0-10 Number of plants planted - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of planting. Presence absence 0 Calculate as: Bunch weight minus the sum of the Hand weight measurements coming from the count of number of hands (equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 50 - (2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8) = 10.0. Rachis weight - computation Monthly leaf emission rate - computation Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (4 - 1) / 1 month = LER of 3 leaves/month during a particular time period. Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with male respondents cm? Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch Number of fruits on the mid-hand of the bunch **subsume Number of fingers Count the number of leaves (functional only > 50% estimated green area) Leaf number - counting Average hand weight - all - computation Calculate as: the Total finger weight, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. 46.8 / 16 = 2.9. Hand rank - counting Record the rank (order) of the second-most distal hand in the bunch, starting with the hand at the proximal end (closest to the pseudostem) of the bunch as 1 and continuing to the hand at the most distal end (closest to the male bud). astringency scale 0-10 The average width of a banana weevil larvae head capsule. Average head capsule width Banana weevil larvae average head capsule width parthenocarpy handweight The weight of a hand. Weight Hand weight An indication of the extent of damage on an individual leaf caused by black leaf streak disease. BLS Black leaf streak disease severity Black leaf streak disease severity sword sucker Gauhls modification of Stovers severity scoring system (YYYY) Main colour of the pseudostem under the outermost sheath. Main underlying colour Main underlying colour of pseudostem plantcircumf75cm The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar. Circumference 75 cm above the ground Plant circumference 75 cm from the collar Mealiness scale 0-10 bud shoulder scale (1 to 3) BD colour chart A - 1996 Number of fingers in bunch - estimation Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in 3rd hand and the Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand, divided by 2, and multiplied by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (16 + 12) / 2 * 8 = 112. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 - estimation Record the date of event. Average percentage damage to the corm caused by weevils The average percentage of damage in the whole corm (the inner corm and the outer corm) caused by weevils. Damage percent X-average Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Moldability in hand method Try to make a ball (agglomerate) of the sample and evaluate how easy it is to deform or break the sample Nematode lifecycle stage The lifecycle stage(s) of the nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Lifecycle stages present Margins clasping or not clasping Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Petiole margins clasping Total finger weight - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight, minus the Rachis weight, e.g. 50 - 10 = 40. Fruit parthenocarpy - estimation Visual estimation of a fruit fill, (or parthenocarpic) for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. water suckers margin behaviour scale (1 to 4) Angle between the axis of the bunch and the vertical Angle to the vertical Bunch position Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Damage to upper outer corm weevils - measurement Fresh weight - measurement Weighing Growth - computation Fresh weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Preference scoring scale individual respondents Individual respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. A rating of the extent of rhizome (corm) discolouration, caused by Fusarium wilt. Discolouration caused by Fusarium wilt rating Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse Fruit shape of curve - estimation Visually observe the shape of the curve of the fruit and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.4. in the reference material. Observe the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. In case of an asymmetric bunch that has straight and curved fruits, please indicate it in the note section and score only the fruit on the upper side of the bunch. avepulpdiam Average fruit pulp lateral diameter The average lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Average lateral diameter of the pulp Index of non-spotted leaves moldability scale 0-10 Nematode species - estimation Identify the nematode species present in the banana plant root sample (Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita, ?) The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Fusion of pedicels - estimation Visually observe the fusion of pedicels and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.7.11. in the reference materials. Observe before they join the rachis at the bract scar. Look upwards from the bottom of the bunch. Subjective taste assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Taste - estimation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of shooting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/09/2014 = 91 days. Time from shooting to harvest - computation The extent of discolouration in the corm of the tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of discolouration Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt Record the date of event. Date of recognising off-type - estimation Tallest sucker number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the tallest sucker. Average internal length Average finger internal length The average length of the fingers measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. avefingerintlength The total number of all roots (both dead and functional) in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number Number of all roots Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with female respondents method_of