leafAreaIncrease KU Leuven leafAreaIncrease_Comp_cm2 Sebastien Carpentier Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltEst_Date_dmy DmgIdxInn_M_% Tendo Ssali IITA KU Leuven rootShootDry_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier rootShootRatioDry massDryRootShoot Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Int_1to8 5 purple Rhiannon Crichton MltFrtWt_M_gFruit Bioversity International KU Leuven totLeafLength_Meas_cm Sebastien Carpentier lengthSum pointed 1 Bioversity International temp30 Rhiannon Crichton WSuckN_Ct_WSuck Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Third or mature spot stage: the centres of the lesions dry out becoming light grey or buff coloured and a bright yellow transitional zone appears between them and the normal green colour of the leaf. The lesions remain clearly visible after the leaf has collapsed or withered because of their light coloured centre and dark border. 6 PStmGrth_M_cm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp20 temp21 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International WvlAdltHdCps_M_µM IITA Tendo Ssali Bioversity International Rachel Chase PMargCol_Esr_1to16 Rachel Chase PdcFsn_Est_1to2 Bioversity International Matooke sourness measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda MatSour_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa Rachel Chase FrtCvShp_Est_1to6 Bioversity International Bioversity International CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton MatSurfYellV_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Matooke surface yellowness measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa moldable 10 Sebastien Carpentier plant_dry plantDryMass_Meas_g KU Leuven massDryPlant IITA Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvBdLgt_M_µM Rhiannon Crichton PtlClpFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Est_1to10 DIT_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlotchCol_Est_1to4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase 5 medium intensity massDryRoot KU Leuven rootDryMass_Meas_g root_dry Sebastien Carpentier Rhiannon Crichton temp32 Bioversity International IITA WvlLvHdCps_M_µM Tendo Ssali Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity BoiPlantnMeal_Meas_0to10 Boiled plantain Mealiness scale 0-10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Sebastien Carpentier numFuncLeaves_Count_unitless numFuncLeaf totalNumFunctionalLeaves KU Leuven Sckr_Est_1to2 IITA Allan Brown Bioversity International FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase bright yellow 10 PltPltd_Ct_Plnt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International IITA-BTI Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 MlRchsTp_Estm_1to2 Christophe Jenny CIRAD Bioversity International MlBdLngthRt_M_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FngWtTtl_Comp_kg AnPltPrp_Comp_KgHaY Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA WvlLvPrTrp_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali no egg masses 0 totalNumLeaves KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier numLeaf numLeaves_Count_unitless Tendo Ssali WvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM IITA Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla PratyNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne IITA IITA AvgWvlLvHdCps_M_µM Tendo Ssali Bioversity International AvgPulpDiam_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton obtuse and split 4 green yellow 4 3 male flowers/bracts above the male bud (rest of stalk is bare) CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to16 Bioversity International Rachel Chase 3 21-25 cm PS_CompResp_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity plantFreshMass_Meas_g KU Leuven massFreshPlant plant_fresh Sebastien Carpentier Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA DeadRtNum2_Ct_Rt FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity HndFrtAvgNum_Ct_Frt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton dislike very much 1 Inge Van den Bergh LfChgPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FnctLeav_Ct_Leaf straight (or slightly curved) 1 PltFstLfSptd_Ct_leaf Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 10 orange red FrtDiam_M_cm IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet 5 medium intensity Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp49 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RtnCrpCyc_Comp_d Sebastien Carpentier rwcPseudostem_Comp_unitless KU Leuven rwcPseudostem ps_rwc Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International CrmIntDiscFW_Est_1to5 HandAvgWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 brown-black nematodes 7 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet PltEst_Date_ymd IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Faure Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DateColl_Date_dmy Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp53 Boiled plantain Chewiness by number of chews Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire BoiPlantnChew_Meas_number of chews KU Leuven transpSyst Sebastien Carpentier waterLossSystem waterLossSyst_Meas_ml FstYngLfsptd_Est_dmy Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke surface homogeneity of colour measurement scale 1-10 MatSurfHomColV_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet AvgFrtIntLng_M_cm 0-33 % of older banana leaves turning yellow 2 Rachel Chase PMargCol_Esr_1to4 Bioversity International Bioversity International PStmCol_Est_1to16 Rachel Chase Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International ExtDisProp_Comp_pct 6 medium green IITA AvgWvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM Tendo Ssali Bioversity International YlLfPercFW_Comp_pct Rhiannon Crichton Inge Van den Bergh PStmSplitPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International PratyNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne margins overlapping 5 PltDth_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Rachel Chase Bioversity International FrtftPdclLgth_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltNtHvstd_Ct_Plnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtExtLng_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton SSuckN_Ct_SSuck Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp41 Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CauDam_Est_txt pink-purple 7 Bioversity International IntDisProp_Comp_pct Inge Van den Bergh rwcPlant KU Leuven rwcPlant_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier plant_rwc PdltFrt_Est_1to2 IITA Allan Brown IITA GdFrtFll_Est_1to2 Allan Brown 5 > 75 % of roots galled BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd5 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 2 13-16 IITA PratyCofNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne 1 cream massFreshRoot KU Leuven rootFreshMass_Meas_g Sebastien Carpentier root_fresh NmNumRtWt Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International YellowPres_Est_0or1 margins spreading 1 Sebastien Carpentier waterLossDay_Comp_ml waterLossDaily KU Leuven rateWaterLossPerDay Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctBhvBfFll_Est_1to2 IITA HoploNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne 7 green 5 medium intensity other 6 IITA-Bioversity International Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton SpotLfNum_Ct_Lf Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp9 IITA Tendo Ssali WvlAdltMsrd_Ct_weevil IITA RadoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RchsWt_M_kg CormDiscol_Est_1to6 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International Bioversity International PlntShtTime_Comp_d Rhiannon Crichton Tendo Ssali IITA WvlLvBdWght_M_mg Rachel Chase BrctApxShp_Est_1to5 Bioversity International Bioversity International FrtftPdclLgth_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DateDeath_Est_dmy 2 dont know 1-5% of lamina with symptoms 2 equal to or more than 17 3 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp2 5 purple-brown extensive pigmentation (>50%) 4 1 orange-brown (mahogany, like in Pisang Mas) Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd6 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp16 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 16-33% of lamina with symptoms 4 IITA-BTI DateDeath_Est_ymd Guillaume Bauchet adult male 1 attribute Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgPeelThck_M_mm FngSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI less than or equal to 15 cm 1 FngSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI margins curved inward 4 weevils 6 whitish 9 Bioversity International MlRchsPst_Estm_1to5 Rachel Chase MatHardT_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke hardness in hand measurement scale 0-10 5 equal to or more than 31 cm IITA Tendo Ssali temp42 10 orange red Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FrtNb_Ct_gFruit Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HndFrtNum_Ct_Frt red-purple 9 4 67-100 % of all leaves turning yellow and necrotic, with leaves hanging down the pseudostem pointed 1 ** 2 IITA Danny Coyne RotyNumSlWt_CompNema Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp48 IITA MeloiNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne Sebastien Carpentier leafDryMass_Meas_g massDryLeaf leaf_dry KU Leuven Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd3 Bioversity International IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_pct heterogeneous 0 Rhiannon Crichton FrtExtLng_M_mm Bioversity International 2 3-10 egg masses Bioversity International FrtLngth_M_1to5 Rachel Chase Rhiannon Crichton DateHarv_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CropCyc_Comp_d Bioversity International 2 not winged CrmDiscDistTlstSckFW_M_cm Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AcAnYd_Comp_TnHaY Bioversity Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity International temp17 Rhiannon Crichton 5 bright yellow very light yellow 0 5 firm Matooke smoothness in hand measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa MatSmoothM_Meas_0to10 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HndRnk_Ct_HndRnk IITA DmgIdxOut_M_% Tendo Ssali BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_ymd Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DeathCause_Est Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA Danny Coyne PratyCofNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Rachel Chase Bioversity International MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to4 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp45 highly imbricate 3 Rhiannon Crichton BnchFrtNum_Comp_Frt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PSuckN_Ct_PSuck Bioversity International MatAstr_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Matooke astringency measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa Rhiannon Crichton FstYngLfsptd_Est_ymd Bioversity International FrtIntLng_M_cm IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet Rachel Chase Bioversity International BlotchCol_Est_1to5 IITA Danny Coyne NmNumSlWt 34-66 % of older leaves turning yellow, with some hanging down the pseudostem 3 sticky 10 4 like very much like extremely 5 4 ovoid MlBdShp_Comp_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase KU Leuven growthDry Sebastien Carpentier plantGrowth_dry growthDry_Comp_g NARO, Uganda MatFirmM_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke firmness in mouth measurement scale 0-10 3 intermediate BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Gauhl IITA-Bioversity International Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise DthPrp_Comp_DdPltRt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton NARO, Uganda Matooke moldability measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa MatMolT_Meas_0to10 yellow 4 relativeRoot_dry KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier massDryratioRoot rootToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless other 10 1 Initial speck stage: symptoms are first visible to the naked eye as faint, minute (less than 0.25 mm diam), reddish brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. Specks are often most abundant near the margin of the left side of the leaf, particularly towards the tip. Where leaf spot is severe, specks have been observed on the second leaf of plants that have not yet produced a bunch. Elsewhere they usually appear on the third, fourth, or older leaves. Bioversity International temp22 Rhiannon Crichton AnthrCl_Est_1to16 Bioversity International Rachel Chase 5 curved in slight S shape (double curvature) Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Int_1to16 Rachel Chase 4 31-100 egg masses singleLeafArea_Meas_cm2 Sebastien Carpentier areaSingleLeaf KU Leuven areaPerLeaf High shouldered (x/y less than or equal to 0.28) 1 Bioversity International MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase 5 Stage 5 is when the elliptical spot is totally black and has spread to the underside of the limb. It is surrounded by a yellow halo with the centre beginning to flatten out. low shouldered (x/y more than or equal to 0.30) 3 IITA RadoNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne 5 > 100 egg masses Elizabeth Kakhasa MatMoistM_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Matooke moisture in mouth measurement scale 0-10 Boiled plantain Stickiness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnStic_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton MSuckN_Ct_MSuck BnchShp_Estm_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Stellenbosch University temp38 Altus Viljoen IITA WvlAdltPrTrp_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali Rachel Chase Bioversity International BlotchA_Est_1to4 MatAro_Meas_0to10 Matooke aroma measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Elizabeth Kakhasa area_topView topLeafArea_Meas_cm2 areaPlantTop Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven Rhiannon Crichton PStmHt_M2_cm Bioversity International 1 present FrtGrth_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International no intensity 0 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp50 green yellow 4 NARO, Uganda MatPump_Meas_2pt Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke pumpkin aroma measurement 2pt scale pink/pink-purple 6 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PulpDiam_M_mm Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton adult female 2 DateHarv_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet MeloiNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Rachel Chase AnthrCl_Est_1to8 Bioversity International lengthSingleLeaf singleLeafLength_Meas_cm lengthPerLeaf Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven Rhiannon Crichton OffTypEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International BoiPlantnSwt_Meas_0to10 Boiled plantain Sweetness scale 0-10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Hermann Antonin KOUASSI curved in S shape (double curvature) 4 Rhiannon Crichton FrtWtAvg_M_g Bioversity International SptLfNb_Ct_leaf IITA-Bioversity International Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton Other 5 Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla PS_CompFemale_PrefScale Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA temp47 Bioversity International PeelThck_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton banana bunchy top (BBTD) 4 Rhiannon Crichton FlwT_Date_dmy Bioversity International PltDnsty_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FlwHvstTime_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton intermeditae 2 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet FlwT_Date_ymd Rachel Chase BrctClExtFc_Est_1to16 Bioversity International Rachel Chase CigLfPigm_Est_1to3 Bioversity International crumbly 0 Sebastien Carpentier growthPS_per_leafFormed pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf_Comp_cm KU Leuven KU Leuven leafAreaRatio_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier areaRatio areaPlant_per_areaTot 10 smooth 0 soft straight in the distal part 3 Guillaume Bauchet OffTypEst_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp51 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet PulpDiam_M_cm First-spot stage: the streaks broaden and become more or less fusiform or elliptical in outline and a water soaked border appears around each lesion. 4 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI dwarf 1 Bioversity International FstBrctApxShp_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCdsd RkYgstLf_Comp_leafrank Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlotchA_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International parthenocarpic 1 intermediate 3 DateColl_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet PetColpPres_Est_0or1 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International Bioversity Noel Madalla PA_EstResp_Txt dark green 8 PtYd_Comp_TnHaY Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp52 Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne DmgPrphl_M_% IITA Tendo Ssali Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to16 Banana ontology Plantain ontology 9 whitish entity Bioversity International BnchWt_M_kg Rhiannon Crichton IITA WvlAdltBdWght_M_mg Tendo Ssali lengthily pointed (like plantain) 2 Sebastien Carpentier lengthPseudostem_Meas_cm heightPseudostem KU Leuven heightPS Dwfsm_Est_1to2 IITA Allan Brown Stellenbosch University temp37 Altus Viljoen PMargColL_Est_1or2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchFrtNum_Ct_Frt Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_dmy Bioversity International 1 straight not clasping 2 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International PetColpPres_Est_1or2 IITA HoploNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne Bioversity International PStmDiscol_Est_cm Inge Van den Bergh Tendo Ssali IITA WvlLvBdLgt_M_µM IITA-BTI FngUnSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) fusarium wilt 2 less than 1% of lamina with symptoms, only streaks and/or up to 10 spots 1 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton LfEmRate_Comp_LfWk temp23 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 0 absent Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp11 AnCrpCyclPrp_Comp_CrpCclY Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 discolouration of up to one-third of vascular tissue 1 without any floral relicts TEtotalDry KU Leuven TE_dry transpirationEfficiency_Comp_gml Sebastien Carpentier Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp46 Bioversity International/IITA 0 soft temp31 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp15 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 11-20 mm 2 red 8 green 2 7 green PS_CompMale_PrefScale Bioversity Noel Madalla Rhiannon Crichton FrtExtLng_M_cm Bioversity International Danny Coyne PratyGooNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA DamEst_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet 3 6-15% of lamina with symptoms Rhiannon Crichton SuckNum_Ct_Suck Bioversity International equal to or more than 21 mm 3 Sebastien Carpentier widthSingleLeaf singleLeafWidth_Meas_cm KU Leuven widthPerLeaf medium (20 cm < y < 30 cm) 2 no internal symptoms 1 curved (sharp curve) 4 temp19 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton FrtWt_M_gFruit Bioversity International 3 straight with erect margins IITA TrpNum_Ct_weeviltrap Tendo Ssali Bioversity International NtHvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Rhiannon Crichton dont know 10 KU Leuven rwcLeaf Sebastien Carpentier leaf_rwc rwcLeaf_Comp_unitless 0 no symptoms relativeLeaf_dry massDryratioLeaf leafToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier Boiled plantain Firmness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnFirm_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire temp12 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Matooke stickiness in hand measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda MatStickT_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa orange red 7 0 low intensity Bioversity International LfChgPres_Est_1or2 Inge Van den Bergh truncated 1 Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd1 Bioversity International IITA Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) VitCCnt_M_ 1 white Bioversity International BlkLfStrkInfIndex_Comp_Idx Rhiannon Crichton rounded 5 BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCpt IITA-Bioversity International Shoot_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton rwcRoot_Comp_unitless root_rwc KU Leuven rwcRoot Sebastien Carpentier 3 winged and clasping the pseudostem red-purple 2 leafFreshMass_Meas_g leaf_fresh Sebastien Carpentier massFreshLeaf KU Leuven Bioversity International SuckHtShtStg_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton 1 cream 2 slightly angled Rhiannon Crichton LfEmRate_Comp_LfMth Bioversity International Bioversity International MlRchsApp_Estm_1to7 Rachel Chase Bioversity International OdStdLfRk_Ct_leaf Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_ymd AvgFrtGrth_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International waterLossPlant_Meas_ml waterLossPlant transpPlant KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier 6 purple 7 black (anthers aborted) PMargWing_Est_1or2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 5 brown/rusty brown HndNumMsrd_Ct_Hnd Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 1 yellow PMargClasp_Est_1or2 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Sebastien Carpentier pseudostemHeightIncrease_Comp_cm2 KU Leuven pseudostemHeightIncrease IITA AvgWvlAdltHdCps_M_µM Tendo Ssali grey 4 IITA HelicoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Danny Coyne 4 neutral/male flowers and presence of withered bracts on the entire stalk 2 persistent style 9 other Sebastien Carpentier areaTotLeaves KU Leuven areaLeaves totLeafArea_Meas_cm2 KU Leuven massDryPseudostem Sebastien Carpentier ps_dry pseudostemDryMass_Meas_g Bioversity International MlBdShd_Comp_1to3 Rachel Chase 2 wide with erect margins only base of the style persists 4 Bioversity International MlBdLngth_M_1to3 Rachel Chase slightly pointed 2 First streak stage: the initial speck elongates, becoming slightly wider, to form a characteristic narrow, reddish brown streak up to 20 mm long and 2.0 mm wide, with the long axis parallel to the leaf venation. At this stage, streaks are more clearly visible on the lower surface of the leaf than on the upper one. The distribution of streaks is variable. Sometimes they are most numerous near the edge of the left side of the leaf. At other times they are equally numerous on both sides of the leaf, and more or less evenly distributed. Frequently they are densely aggregated in a band several cm wide on one side or both sides of the mid-rib, becoming less numerous towards the edge of the leaf. Streaks may be so numerous that every cm2 of leaf surface bears one or more. There is considerable variation in the length of individual streaks on a given leaf, and they frequently overlap to form larger, compound streaks. 2 2 good Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PStmHt_M1_cm CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 1 less than or equal to 10 mm 0 absent 2 present KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier waterLossSystem_per_Area waterLossSystPerLeafArea_Meas_mlcm2 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpArm_Est_1to5 Bioversity International BnchPst_Estm_1to5 Rachel Chase medium green 6 brown 2 1 short (y less than or equal to 20 cm) 2 Stage 2 appears as a stripe, generally brown in colour and visible on the underside of the leaf, later the symptom also appears on the upper part of the limb as a stripe, the yellow colour of which resembles the stripe at stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka. The colour of this stripe will change progressively from brown and later to black on the upper side of the limb, but will retain the brown colour on the underside. PratyGooNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp35 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd4 2 slightly curved IITA WvlAdlt_Ct_weevil Tendo Ssali KU Leuven leaves_per_heightPS Sebastien Carpentier leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth_Comp_percm FrtCvShp_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 1 winged 4 not winged and clasping the pseudostem 4 26-30 cm temp14 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 2.1-2.9 m 2 Bioversity International temp13 Rhiannon Crichton 2 pink-purple to red Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd2 Bioversity International Danny Coyne NmRpFctr_Ct_Nema IITA Hermann Antonin KOUASSI BoiPlantnMois_Meas_0to10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Moistness scale 0-10 IITA-Bioversity International NSpotLfProp_Comp_idx equal to or more than 3 m 3 not revolute (not rolling) 2 hanging at a 45 degree angle 3 Bioversity International YellowPres_Est_1or2 Inge Van den Bergh bare 1 FrtDiam_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton sparse blotching 1 5 grainy Bioversity International PltSpcg_Comp_m2 Rhiannon Crichton fully green 1 10 high intensity banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) 3 2 medium shouldered (0.28 < x/y < 0.30) StdLf_Ct_leaf Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International Bioversity Noel Madalla PA_EstFemale_Txt IITA AvgWvlAdltBdWght_M_mg Tendo Ssali 3 red BnchHndNum_Ct_Hnd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh PlntgDisTim_Comp_d like a top 1 Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International PStmSplitPres_Est_1or2 IITA Tendo Ssali temp43 MatGrass_Meas_2pt NARO, Uganda Matooke grassy aroma measurement 2pt scale Elizabeth Kakhasa 1 trace infections with a few small galls 1 pointed Bioversity International NtHvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton HvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International 5 Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black central area of the spot becomes slightly depressed and the water-soaked border becomes more pronounced due to darkening. At this stage, a slight yellowing of the leaf tissue immediately surrounding the water-soaked border may occur. Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International ShtHvstTime_Comp_d Allan Brown IITA GdBnch_Est_1to2 truncate ( 2 21-30 cm 2 5 banana streak virus (BSV) FngUnSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI Rachel Chase HndNbWhlBnch_Ct_hands Bioversity International 1 brown 3 persistent flower relicts (> 20% of the fruits with relicts) 2 straight in the distal part Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HndMltpFrtNum_Ct_Frt FrtApxPt_Est_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity Second-streak stage: streaks change colour from reddish brown to dark brown or black, sometimes with a purplish tinge, clearly visible at the upper surface of the leaf. 3 0 lumpy 5 > 1/3 discoloured Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla egg 4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase FrtNbMdHndBnch_Ct_ft 1 green strongly bottle-necked (wider under tip than number 2) 4 3 purple to blue growthFresh KU Leuven growthFresh_Comp_g plantGrowth_fresh Sebastien Carpentier WvlLvMsrd_Ct_weevil IITA Tendo Ssali Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Noel Madalla Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International PltHvstd_Ct_Plnt open with margins spreading 1 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DthDnst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton SptPsdStmPercFW_Comp_pct CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to6 Bioversity International Rachel Chase 7 blue 2 dark brown Bioversity International MlBdShp_Comp_1to3 Rachel Chase Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black centre of each lesion becomes slightly depressed and water soaked border becomes more pronounced. 5 Dry 0 present 1 Rhiannon Crichton PltDamDesc_Est_txt Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltDead_Ct_Plnt 0 absent Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke sweetness measurement scale 0-10 MatSweet_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd0 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton leafChlorosis_Comp_unitless leafChlorosis KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier HandWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Rhiannon Crichton DET_Comp_d Bioversity International no pigmentation 1 Stage 3 differs from the previous one by its dimensions. The stripe becomes longer, is enlarged and in certain conditions (weak inoculum and unfavourable climatic conditions) can reach 2 or 3 cm. 3 2 not dwarf obtuse 3 totally fused (more than 50 % of the length of the pedicel) 3 1 green PA_EstMale_Txt Noel Madalla Bioversity yellow 2 obtuse 4 FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase no visual leaf symptoms 1 3 margins curved inward neutral/male flowers on the whole stalk without persistent bracts (still firmly attached to the rachis) 5 without pigmentation 5 3 with a curve Bioversity International FrtLngth_M_cm Rachel Chase purple brown 6 Bioversity International PMargWing_Est_1or5 Rachel Chase Stage 6 is when the centre of the spot dries out, turns clear gray and is surrounded by a well-defined black ring, which is, in turn, surrounded by a bright yellow halo. These spots remain visible after the leaf has dried out because the ring persists. 6 relativePS_dry massDryratioPseudostem pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier 3 watery green 2 small blotches 3 long (equal to or more than 30 cm) PsdHght_E Bioversity International Rachel Chase temp8 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 2 margins erect 51-100% of lamina with symptoms 6 3 other (specify on answer sheet) 1 absent 1 less than or equal to 2 m Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne FuncRtNum2_Ct_Rt Bioversity International/IITA horizontal or supra-horizontal 4 6 Third or mature spot stage: the centre of the spot dries out, becoming light grey or buff-coloured, and further depressed. The spot is surrounded by a narrow, well-defined, dark brown or black border. between the latter and the normal green colour of the leaf, there is often a bright yellow transitional zone. After the leaf has collapsed and withered, spots remain clearly visible because of the light-coloured centre and dark border. high intensity 10 10 high intensity 1 skinny (w/y less than or equal to 0.45) 4 spiral (all fruit are attached to a unique crown coiled around the stalk) moderately imbricate 2 FngUnSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI 2 cream not parthenocarpic 2 medium intensity 5 1 Initial speck stage: faint, minute, reddish-brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. 5 obtuse and split 2 winged and not clasping the pseudostem Guillaume Bauchet Shoot_Date_ymd IITA-BTI BnchMatStg_Est_1to2 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet Bioversity International RkPvsMktLf_Comp_leafrank Rhiannon Crichton 3 large blotches Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton ChgNwLfPercFW_Comp_pct red-purple 4 2 neutral flowers on one to few hands only near the bunch (rest of stalk is bare) winged and undulating 1 Bioversity International temp18 Rhiannon Crichton other 8 KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier pseudostem_fresh massFreshPseudostem pseudostemFreshMass_Meas_g 11-30 egg masses 3 6 orange Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HvstDth_Comp_d black-purple 3 3 blunt-tipped (plateau at tip) Moist 10 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton MltHandWt_M_kgPlnt DamEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 1 falling vertically 1 revolute (rolling) light green 5 extensive pigmentation 4 4 other no contrast between margin and petiole (without a colour line along) 1 1 corm completely clean, no vascular discolouration IITA temp44 Tendo Ssali base of the style prominent 3 16-20 cm 2 other 8 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 temp40 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton ivory 3 5 erect asymmetrical 3 no intensity 0 1 clasping equal to or more than 31 cm 3 without flower relicts 1 1 Stage 1 appears as a small depigmentation spot whose whitish or yellow colour resembles stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka disease. These symptoms are not visible in transmitted light and can be observed only on the underside of the leaf. white 1 hard 10 5 34-50% of lamina with symptoms one yellow finger 2 4 margins overlapping partially fused (up to 50 % of the length of the pedicel) 2 1/3-2/3 discoloured 4 3 curved (sharp curve) 3 fat (w/y equal to or more than 0.55) homogeneous 10 leaf spots 1 other 4 2 medium (0.45 < w/y < 0.55) lanceolate 2 Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvBdWght_M_mg IITA 3 moderate blotching (20-50%) temp10 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton bad 1 50-75 % of roots galled 4 5 erect Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtDiam_M_mm no intensity 0 convolute 1 8 pink-purple add** 1 10 high intensity non sticky 0 contrast between margin and petiole (with a contrasting colour line along) 2 1 1-2 egg masses total discolouration of vascular tissue 6 8 mole rats 10 pink/pink-purple Rachel Chase BrctImbrcApxMlBd_Est_1to3 Bioversity International less than or equal to 12 1 5 rounded 3 juvenile less than or equal to 20 cm 1 cylindrical 1 2 few internal spots 4 horizontal sparse blotching (<20%) 2 10 firm like fairly 3 3 < 1/3 discoloured Tendo Ssali WvlLv_Ct_weevil IITA 1 no visible sign of fusion yellow 3 8 dark green 4 First-spot stage: the streak broadens and becomes more or less fusiform and elliptical in outline and similar to the first-spot stage of Sigatoka (Leach 1946). The transition from streak to spot is further characterised by the development of a light brown, water-soaked border around the spot. This water-soaked effect is especially clear in the early morning, when dew is still present on the leaf, or after rain. 2 present 2 cream 5 other watery green 3 IITA-BTI Guillaume Bauchet FrtGrth_M_cm 5 discolouration greater than two-thirds of vascular tissue 2 isolated points of discolouration in vascular tissue 4 discolouration of between one-third and two-thirds of vascular tissue not winged and not clasping the pseudostem 5 3 Second-streak stage: the streaks may elongate slightly, but the most notable change is that in colour from reddish brown to dark brown or almost black, sometimes with a purplish tinge. The streak is now clearly visible on the upper surface of the leaf. The distribution of streaks at this stage of development varies in the same way as mentioned above. When streaks are very numerous, and more or less evenly distributed, the entire leaf blackens. hanging vertically 1 plant dead, with brown leaves hanging down the pseudostem 5 < 25 % of roots galled 2 6 entire inner rhizome discoloured 4 black-purple 2 at an angle 6 Small bunch from neutral/hermaphrodite flowers just above the male bud 2 yellow dislike 2 2 First streak stage: specks elongate, becoming slightly wider to form narrow reddish-brown streaks. few flower relicts (< 20% of the fruits with relicts) 2 orange-red 9 3 25-50 % of roots galled acronym light green 5 other 5 7 Other other 5 Stage 4 appears on the underside as a brown spot and on the upper side as a black spot. 4 Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in roots Population density Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per fresh root weight Number of fingers in 2nd hand Number of fingers The number of fingers in the second hand. numfingers2ndhand The length of a weevil larvae body, from the weevil larvae head to the tip of the abdomen. Body length Banana weevil larvae body length Angle of the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud Angle of the rachis between last hand and male bud Male rachis position Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt For the tallest sucker, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt cm? Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Presence/absence of changes The presence/absence of changes in new leaves - irregular pale margins, narrowing of lamina, burning plus ripping of lamina, lamina becoming more erect, caused by Fusarium wilt. CNL Population density Number of Meloidogyne spp. in soil Number of Meloidogyne spp. per soil sample cm day Sucker quality suckering Overall suckering quality The overall estimation of sucker quality on a mat estnumfingers Number of fingers The estimated number of fingers in the bunch based on a calculation using the number of fingers in the third and second-most distal hands and the number of hands in the bunch. Calculated number of fingers in bunch Blotches relative area at petiole base Blotch surface area Percentage coverage of petiole base by blotches. Calculate as: number of square metres in the area unit of choice, divided by the Plant spacing, e.g. 10,000 square metres in 1 hectare / 6 = 1,667 plants/ha. Plant density - computation bunch maturity Visual assessment. Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Calculate as: the Number of plants not harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 2 / 24 = 0.08. Non-harvest proportion - computation The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are dead. Percentage of dead roots Percentage of dead roots Fusion of pedicels Degree of fusion of the pedicels before they join the rachis Fusion Adult weevil head capsule - measurement Measurement under microscope Number of hands on whole bunch Number of hands on bunch **subsume Number of hands The number of plants that are planted, in a defined area. Plant density plantdens Combined density of plants planted The distance of discolouration in the pseudostem of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Distance of discolouration Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt Banana weevil larvae body weight The weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Body weight Fruit shape of curve - estimation Visually observe the shape of the curve of the fruit and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.4. in the reference material. Observe the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. In case of an asymmetric bunch that has straight and curved fruits, please indicate it in the note section and score only the fruit on the upper side of the bunch. Record the date and time of event. Start date and time of data collection - estimation Visually observe the remains, or not, of flower relicts at the finger apex, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.7.7 in the reference materials. Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex - estimation Hardness in hand method Take a part of the sample between fingers and evaluate how hard the sample is dd/mm/yyyy Rank of oldest standing leaf - counting Record the rank (order) of the oldest standing leaf (with an erect petiole), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Matooke aroma pumpkin MatAroPumpA Aroma of pumpkin. Possibly, precise if the taste is like boiled pumpkin or fried... Matooke Pumpkin-like aroma Number of fingers in 3rd hand Number of fingers numfingers3rdhand The number of fingers in the third hand. The proportion of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), from the number of plants planted. nonharvprop Non-harvest proportion Combined proportion of plants not harvested Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of death of the current plant, e.g. 24/03/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 90 days. Time from harvest to death - computation blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 5) Average fruit pulp lateral diameter The average lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Average lateral diameter of the pulp avepulpdiam Length and maximum diamter of male bud at harvest. Male bud size - measurement Date of data collection The date of data collection. datedatacoll Date of data collection Moistness scale 0-10 Anther colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the anther colour on the face opposite to the dehiscence split of the anther. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. g Matooke astringency Matooke complex sensation, accompanied by shrinking, drawing or puckering of the skin or mucosal surface in the mouth, produced by substances such as kaki tannins or sloe tannins Astringency MatAstr Selection traits (text) Extent of root knot nematodes Nematode root knot galling extent The extent of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Measure the length of a finger, along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger internal length - measurement Off-type description Description of how off-type describeofftype A description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. Hand rank handid hand rank Rank The rank (order) of a hand in the bunch. Visual counting method Number of weevil larvae - counting Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was second ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise % Petiole margin colour - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Helicotylenchus multicinctus) per unit fresh root weight - method rachis type scale (1 to 2) Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus in soil Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus per soil sample Population density Collect all roots from a standard size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 1 cm pieces. Take a subsample of 5 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Stain the egg masses by immersing the roots in 0.15 g/L phloxine B for 15 mins. Count the number of egg-laying females under a stereo microscope. Nematode egg-laying females extent - estimation mm Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the lateral diameter of the fruit pulp, from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Fruit pulp lateral diameter - measurement Observe visually the colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath. Blotches colour - estimation rwcPseudostem Pseudostem relative water content The relative water content in a pseudostem Content Count how many fingers are in multiple hands. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of hands measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Multiple number of fingers in hand - counting Fruit smashed pulp taste The taste of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Taste numfingersmeas Number of fingers measured Number used to obtain a measurement The number of fingers used to obtain a measurement. Harvest density - computation Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.75 = 1,250. Plant crop cycle - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 334 days. 2 pt scale The extent of egg-laying female root knot nematodes, observed internally as pit-like structures on the roots. Nematode egg-laying females extent Extent of root knot nematodes Date of flowering - estimation Record the date of event. Fruit pedicel length - exact value - measurement Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the exact value. Percentage of functional roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are functional. Percentage of functional roots water suckers dateshoot Date of shooting The date the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position. Date of shooting Record the date of event. Date of first youngest leaf spotted - estimation BD colour chart A - 2016 No. per 10g Number of plants dead - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of death. Number of fingers in hand numfingershand Number of fingers The number of fingers in a hand. Percentage damage to upper cross-section outer corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-upper-outer The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) upper cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Margin behaviour of the petiole canal of the third leaf before bunch. Behaviour Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf rootToPlantMassRatio_dry Root to whole plant mass ratio Ratio Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of roots versus whole plant dry mass ratio Weighing of water loss though system normalized by leaf area Water loss - measurement Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in roots Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per fresh root weight singleLeafArea The area of a leaf Area Leaf area weevil Number of fingers in bunch - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 16 + 17 + 19 + 18 + 19 + 18 + 17 + 17 + 16 + 14 + 14 + 13 = 198. Apex shape Bract apex shape Shape of the first external unlifted bract of the male bud Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Margins clasping or not clasping Petiole margins clasping Leaf area difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation A plant weight trait which is the fresh weight of a plant plantFreshMass Plant fresh weight Fresh weight The date damage to the plant is first observed. datedamage Date of damage Date of damage The number of hands in the bunch. Number of hands in bunch numhands Number of hands The time elapsed between the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, to 6. DET Black leaf streak disease evolution time Time elapsed from Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 to 6 bunch position scale(1 to 5) Calculate as: the sum of the the Finger weight measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (150 + 146 + 147 + 152 + 140 + 146) / 6 = 147. Average finger weight - computation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Determine the presence/absence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Nematode root knot galling presence - estimation LER Monthly leaf emission rate A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a month. Monthly leaf emission rate finger Visually observe the fusion of pedicels and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.7.11. in the reference materials. Observe before they join the rachis at the bract scar. Look upwards from the bottom of the bunch. Fusion of pedicels - estimation Average finger internal length - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger internal length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (27 + 31 + 29 + 30 + 30 + 28) / 6 = 29.2. Banana weevil larvae average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil larvae head capsule. Average head capsule width Root necrosis caused by nematodes Percentage necrotic The percentage of the root cortex of five functional roots approximately 10 cm long that is necrotic due to nematode damage. The weight of a banana weevil adult weevil body. Body weight Banana weevil adult body weight DDT The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Black leaf streak disease development time Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 6 nonharvdens Non-harvest density The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), in a defined area. Combined density of plants not harvested Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per soil sample Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in soil Population density The average of how many adult banana weevils caught per trap. Average number of banana weevil adults per trap Average number of banana weevil adults Grassy-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of grassy-like aroma The height of the pseudostem of the plant from the collar to the curved neck of the peduncle. plantheightneck Height Plant height to neck of peduncle rwcRoot Content The relative water content in a root Root relative water content Matooke aroma grassy Grassy-like aroma MatAroGrassA Matooke Aroma of fresh grass Banana weevil adult average body weight Average body weight The average weight of a banana weevil adult body. Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 24 / 300 * 100 = 8%. Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Number of Pratylenchus spp. in roots Number of Pratylenchus spp. per fresh root weight Population density Number of Rotylenchulus spp.in soil Population density Number of Rotylenchulus spp.per soil sample Astringency method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of astringency impression due to the sample Water content - computation (Leaf Fresh Weight - Leaf Dry Weight) / Leaf Fresh Weight Wing presence Petiole margins winged Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Leaf area ratio - computation Computation of top leaf area with total (loose) leaf area Fruit smashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel The smoothness-mouth feel of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Smoothness-mouth feel The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1 roots Matooke sweetness Matooke basic taste produced by dilute aqueous solutions of natural or artificial substances such as sucrose Sweetness MatSweet Presence absence 0 Ratio - computation Ratio of root dry mass versus plant dry mass Youngest leaf spotted - counting Record the rank (order) of the youngest leaf spotted (the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 - estimation Record the date of event. Count how many fingers are in a hand. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Number of fingers in hand - counting Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Number of hands measured - counting Count how many hands are used to obtain a measurement. Extent of discolouration The extent of discolouration in the corm of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt Growth - computation Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Nematode lifecycle stage The lifecycle stage(s) of the nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Lifecycle stages present pulpdiam The lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Fruit pulp lateral diameter Lateral diameter of the pulp Count how many fingers are in the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand - counting leaf rank 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (4 - 1) / 1 month = LER of 3 leaves/month during a particular time period. Monthly leaf emission rate - computation Cause of death Cause of death The cause of death of the plant. causedeath Main colour of the first external unlifted bract internal face Colour of bract internal face Colour of the internal face Height increase of pseudostem Growth Pseudostem height increase over time pseudostemHeightIncrease The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Percentage damage to lower cross-section outer corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-lower-outer On the tallest sucker, measure the distance from the pseudostem base at the ground to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Tallest sucker height - measurement BD colour chart A - 2016 Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible. Plant circumference at collar - measurement bad good End date and time of data collection - estimation Record the date and time of event. Damage to upper inner corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Boiled plantain Sweetness Boiled plantain BoiPlantnSwt Sweetness Elemental flavor caused by dilute aqueous solutions of various substances such as sucrose or aspartame Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description - estimation Describe the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. lengthPseudostem The length of a pseudostem Pseudostem length Length Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 - computation Main colour of the face of anther opposite to dehiscence Anther colour Colour Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Number of plants planted - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of planting. finger Date of harvest - estimation Record the date of event. Overall bunch quality Quality The overall estimation of the bunch quality on a mat goodbunch BD colour chart B - 1996 crop cycle duration/year BD colour chart A - 1996 bract behaviour scale (1 to 2) Fresh weight Root fresh weight A root weight trait which is the fresh weight of a root rootFreshMass Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight -method Individual respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Preference scoring scale individual respondents Hand weight Weight handweight The weight of a hand. kg mL open answer Calculate as: 100 multiplied by (Youngest leaf spotted, minus 1), divided by Number of standing leaves, e.g. 100 * (6 - 1) / 12 = 42. Index of non-spotted leaves - computation Colour of bract external face - estimation Visually observe the colour of the external face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Number of hands measured numhandsmeas The number of hands used to obtain a measurement. Number used to obtain a measurement Ratio - computation Ratio of leaf dry mass versus plant dry mass Stunting expressed as number of leaves per height growth leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth Formation Leaves formed per pseudostem height increase describedamage Description of damage Damage description A description of the damage to the plant. Visual assessment. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Calculate as: the sum of the Fruit pulp lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.1 + 4.8 + 3.7 + 4.6 + 5.6 + 6.4) / 6 = 4.7. Average fruit pulp lateral diameter - computation Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch - counting Count only fully developed fruit. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands. Count the middle hand that developed first. Number of banana weevil larvae Number of banana weevil larvae per trap How many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Matooke MatSurfYellV Matooke surface yellowness intensity Surface yellowness intensity Color of the surface of the sample from light yellow to bright yellow Average weight The average weight of the hands. Average hand weight avehandweight datedeath Date of death The date of death of the plant. Date of death Calculate as: multiply the distance of the spacing between the plants, both latitudinally and longitudinally, e.g. 2 m x 3 m = 6 m2. Plant spacing - computation Count how many maiden suckers are in the mat. Number of maiden suckers - counting Rank of marked youngest leaf The rank (position) of the youngest completely unrolled leaf. Rank rankyoungleaf Calculate as: the sum of Damage to inner corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to outer corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to inner corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, and Damage to outer corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, divided by the number of traits included in the sum, e.g. (25 + 36 + 18 + 20) / 4 = 24.8. Average damage to the corm weevils - computation Number of fruits on the mid-hand of the bunch **subsume Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch Number of fingers plant Length [x at maturity] Length of the internal arc of a finger ** subsume Fruit length margin behaviour scale (1 to 5) clasping or not clasping Selection criteria for genotype ranked lowest by respondents Genotype selection traits Description of traits considered important in selection of least genotype by respondents Visual assessment. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Water content - computation (Pseudostem Fresh Weight - Pseudostem Dry Weight) / Pseudostem Fresh Weight Bract imbrication at apex of male bud - estimation Visually observe the bract imbrication of the apex of the male bud and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.5.3 in the reference material. Surface color homogeneity MatSurfHomColV Uniformity of color of the surface of the sample Matooke Matooke homogeneity of surface colour The proportion of the crop cycle that takes place in one year. Proportion of crop cycle that takes place in one year Annual crop cycle proportion anncropcycprop Time from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Time elapsed from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Time elapsed between planting and the appearance of the first youngest leaf spotted. fruit pedicel scale (1 to 3) Subjective visual assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Visual appearance - estimation Length Length of male bud from end of rachis to apex of the bud Male bud length Time from harvest to death harvest2death The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the death of the plant from the current crop cycle. Time from harvest to death The weight of all the hands of the bunch, excluding the rachis. Total finger weight totalfingerweight Combined weight Number of Pratylenchus spp. in soil Number of Pratylenchus spp. per soil sample Population density Fresh weight pseudostemFreshMass Pseudostem fresh weight A pseudostem weight trait which is the fresh weight of a pseudostem plants not harvested/plants planted MatFirmM Firmness in mouth Mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. Matooke Matooke firmness sweetness scale 0-10 Hardness in hand Matooke hardness Matooke mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. MatHardT Egg-laying female root knot nematode leaf Average number of fingers in hand avenumfingshand The average number of fingers in a hand. Average number of fingers Description of traits considered important in selection of third least genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked third lowest by respondents Count how many hands are in the bunch. Number of hands in bunch - counting The weight of a finger. Finger weight fingerweight Weight Texture The texture of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit smashed pulp texture Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation of 50 nematodes per 8 cm length after 12 weeks Population density Nematode reproduction factor (microplot screening) Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options The options to record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection done at the time of data collection. pestdiseasesampleoptions Pest/disease assessment/sample collection options Number of all roots Number The total number of all roots (both dead and functional) in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Water loss - measurement Weighing of water loss though system between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) aroma scale 0-10 Content The relative water content in the whole plant Plant relative water content rwcPlant Put a piece of banana in your mouth, chew it and swirl it around your tongue to detect the sweet flavor Taste method Sweetness Efficiency Transpiration efficiency transpirationEfficiency The growth (weight increase) per volume transpired water Record the relative surface area coverage by blotches. [x Look at several plants if possible to get an overall idea. Observe at flowering time]. Blotches area - estimation Weevil larvae body weight - measurement Measurement under microscope PS Calculation of preference score by respondents Overall plant appearance Preference score hand The length of a finger measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Internal length fingerintlength Finger internal length Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise MatAroMatA Matooke Matooke-like aroma Matooke aroma matooke Aroma of the local matooke. dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss µM Identify the nematode stage, using the options. Nematode stage - estimation m2 Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the range. Fruit length - range - measurement Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of plants harvested Combined number of plants harvested The number of plants that are harvested. numharv Presence absence 1 blotch color scale (1 to 4) Matooke moldability mechanical textural attribute relating to the degree to which a substance can be deformed before it breaks Matooke MatMolT Moldability in hand Pulp colour fruitpulpcolour Fruit pulp colour The colour of the fruit pulp. Combined percentage with yellowing leaves Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. 1 to 5 acceptability score sucker Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 112 / 300 * 100 = 37%. Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation fingerlatdiam The lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. Lateral diameter Finger lateral diameter Annual plant productivity - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, e.g. 48 * 1.09 = 52.32. Overall plant appearance Overall plant appearance Assessment by respondents of physical features of a plant by giving it a score on the preference scale PA Selection criteria for genotype ranked highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of best genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Extent of discolouration Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt The extent of discolouration in the corm of the tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt. Ratio - computation Ratio of pseudostem dry mass versus plant dry mass pulp colour Percentage damage to lower cross-section inner corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-lower-inner The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. The number of peeper suckers (suckers less than 15 cm tall) in the mat. Number of peeper suckers Number of peeper suckers numpeepersuckers fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 5) Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of pumpkin-like aroma Pumpkin-like Aroma method When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the homogeneity Surface color homogeneity Appearance method Growth - computation Fresh weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Circumference at collar The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar. Plant circumference at collar plantcircumfcollar Fusarium wilt internal symptoms scale Moisture in mouth method Put a part of the sample in the mouth, chew and evaluate the quantity of water within the sample. Fruit apex point Apex point Description of fruit apex Weigh multiple fingers together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Multiple finger weight - measurement On a bunch with mostly hands of > 10 fingers, a possible ultimate hand with 1-5 (rather smaller) fingers should not be counted. Number of hands on whole bunch - counting Average finger circumference - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger circumference measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (7.0 + 8.0 + 9.0 + 10.0 + 7.0 + 9.5) / 6 = 8.4. Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Winged petiole margin - estimation Press a piece of banana between the molars and appreciate the adhesion of the product Stickiness Sensory Texture method Pseudostem colour - estimation Detach the outermost sheath from the pseudostem (the sheath should not be too dry). Record the overall impression of colour of the exposed surface of the underlying pseudostem. Note that this main colour should cover more than 75% of the underlying pseudostem surface. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Index of non-spotted leaves Number of all types of suckers Number of suckers numsuckers The number of all types of suckers in the mat. Number of sword suckers The number of sword suckers (suckers with narrow leaves and a large rhizome) in the mat. numswordsuckers Number of sword suckers Calculate as: the sum of the Finger lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.5 + 5.2 + 4.1 + 5 + 6 + 6.8) / 6 = 5.1. Average finger lateral diameter - computation leaves/week INSL An index to express the proportion of standing leaves without the typical late-stage symptoms of black leaf streak disease, i.e. a black spot with a necrotic centre. This index provides an estimation of available photosynthetic leaf area prior to fruit filling and is a measure of resistance. It also corrects for the difference in the number of leaves produced by different types of bananas. Index of non-spotted leaves Index of non-spotted leaves Index of black leaf streak disease severity None Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field - estimation Visual assessment. Nosal smell assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp aromas Nosal smell - estimation Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem, caused by Fusarium wilt. Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt Overall fruit pendulance quality The overall estimation fruit pendulance on a bunch pendulantfruit Finger pendulance quality Mealiness Mechanical property linked to cohesion and the presence of fine particles in the product during chewing Boiled plantain Boiled plantain Mealiness BoiPlantnMeal Bunch weight bunchweight Weight The weight of the bunch, including the rachis. Record a description of the damage to the plant, e.g. leaves ripped, pseudostem snapped, plant toppled, etc. Damage description - estimation Fusarium wilt external symptoms scale Leaf number Number The number of all leaves (including dried/dead/wilted/yellow) in a shoot system numLeaves margin behaviour scale (1 to 4) fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 6) Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description A description of the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection being done at the time of data collection. Pest/disease assessment/sample collection description pestdiseasesampledescription Presence Male rachis type Behaviour of male rachis - truncated or present. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Fruit shape of curve Shape of a fruit (finger) in the middle of the bunch **subsume Shape of the longitudinal curvature Presence Colour line along edge of petiole margin Presence or absence of colour line along edge of petiole margin Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight - method Fruit pedical length - range - measurement Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the range. Plant height plantheightpetioles The height of the pseudostem of the plant, from the collar to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves. Height How many How many banana weevil traps used. Number of banana weevil traps used The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 20 cm from the collar. Circumference 20 cm above the ground plantcircumf20cm Plant circumference 20 cm from the collar Visual counting method Number of adult larvae - counting Root necrosis caused by nematodes - estimation Select at random five functional primary roots, at least 10 cm long. Reduce the length of the five selected roots to 10 cm and slice through the roots length-wise. Evaluate one half of each of the five roots for the percentage of root cortex showing necrosis. The maximum root necrosis per root half can be 20 %, giving a maximum root necrosis of 100 % for the five halves together. Mentally determine the necrosis of the individual roots (1 to 5) and sum these together to get the total root necrosis of the sample. Weight Multiple finger weight The weight of multiple fingers. multfingerweight Visual estimation of a fruit fill, (or parthenocarpic) for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Fruit parthenocarpy - estimation nematodes/unit of fresh root weight Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the width of the peel, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger peel thickness - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Damage to lower inner corm weevils - measurement Combined percentage with splitting pseudostem base Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. smoothness scale 0-10 petiole-margin contrast Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt For the plant, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. yyyy/mm/dd Calculate as: the sum of the Hand weight measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8 = 40.0. Total finger weight - hands - computation Selection criteria for genotype ranked second lowest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of second least genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Growth - computation Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) peeper sucker Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. wing presence/absence and clasping presence/absence scale 1 to 5 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5 Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - computation fruit apex scale (1 to 5) Time from planting to death The time elapsed from planting to the death of the plant. Time from planting to death plant2death Angle to the vertical Bunch position Angle between the axis of the bunch and the vertical Ratoon crop cycle - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle, e.g. 24/11/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 335 days. MatStickT Matooke Matooke stickiness Stickiness in hand mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to remove material that sticks to the mouth Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Plant density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,667 = 90.85. Potential annual yield - computation The proportion of plants that are harvested, from the number of plants planted. harvprop Combined proportion of plants harvested Harvest proportion Number of water suckers - counting Count how many water suckers are in the mat. Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with male respondents Sweetness tasting method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of taste of sweetness BoiPlantnChew Chewiness Boiled plantain Chewiness Energy or number of chews necessary to chew the banana to make it ready to be swallowed Boiled plantain Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Non-harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.08 = 133. Non-harvest density - computation Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Weighing Fresh weight - measurement bract apex scale (1 to 4) The number of dead roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number Number of dead roots firmness scale 0-10 Start date and time of data collection The date and time of the start of data collection on a plant. Date and time of start of data collection datestarttimedatacoll The weight of the rachis. Weight rachisweight Rachis weight Plant water loss The amount of water loss through the plant over time Volume waterLossPlant hands sourness scale 0-10 Root knot nematode galling Visual observation Peripheral damage - measurement Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample The average weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Banana weevil larvae average body weight Average body weight Average finger peel thickness - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger peel thickness measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3) / 6 = 2. Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 - computation Population density Number of Radopholus similis in soil Number of Radopholus similis per soil sample Top view image of a single leave Leaf area - measurement Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (10 + 10 + 11 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 11 +12 + 12 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 11) / 16 = 10.8. Average number of fingers in hand - hands - computation Growth leafAreaIncrease Increase of leaf area Leaf area increase over time Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse - estimation Visual assessment. Number of maiden suckers nummaidensuckers The number of maiden suckers (fully grown suckers with foliage leaves) in the mat. Number of maiden suckers Compound tepal main colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the backside middle of tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. The area allocated to one plant. plantspacing Area allocated to one plant Plant spacing Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 108 / 300 * 100 = 36%. The third leaf (Leaf III) is counted from the last leaf produced before [x bunch emergence] [shooting]. Cut the petiole halfway between the pseudostem and the leaf blade and examine the cross section. [x Observe at flowering time]. Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf - estimation Calculate as: Bunch weight minus the sum of the Hand weight measurements coming from the count of number of hands (equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 50 - (2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8) = 10.0. Rachis weight - computation rachis angle scale (1 to 2) goodfruitfill The overall estimation of fruit parthenocarpy level on a bunch Parthenocarpy Parthenocarpy fusion of pedicel scale (1 to 2) Moistness Perception of the amount of water absorbed or released by the product Boiled plantain Moistness BoiPlantnMois Boiled plantain topLeafArea Area The projected leaf area of a plant (photosynthetic surface) Projected top area []/cm Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with female respondents Preference scale Daily rate of water loss The average daily water loss waterLossDay Rate Record the date of event. Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B - estimation Sweetness scale 0-10 Calculate as: the Number of plants harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 18 / 24 = 0.75. Harvest proportion - computation Put in the mouth a piece of banana and Evaluate the force necessary to obtain the deformation of the product between the teeth during the first compression Firmness Sensory Texture method Boiled plantain Stickiness BoiPlantnStic Force required to peel off the fraction of product adhering to the interior of the oral cavity Boiled plantain Stickiness Visual counting method of Weevils per trap (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long) Number of adult weevils - counting Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting or the Date of harvest of the bunch from the plant of the previous crop cycle and the Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Petiole margin colour - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Record a description of the state of the plant. Plant state description - estimation Number of standing leaves Number of standing leaves The number of leaves attached to the plant that have an erect petiole (not bent or broken). Male bud shape Shape Shape of male bud Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. plantcircumf100cm The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 100 cm from the collar. Plant circumference 100 cm from the collar Circumference 1 m above the ground Sucker quality - estimation Visual estimation of suckering, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Calculate as: the Bunch weight, minus the Rachis weight, e.g. 50 - 10 = 40. Total finger weight - computation kg/plant/y Focus group discussion for top traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise handid2ndmostdistal Hand rank of 2nd-most distal hand The rank (order) of a the second-most distal hand in the bunch. Rank bud shoulder scale (1 to 3) Black leaf streak disease evolution time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/04/2014 = 61 days. kg Main colour Main colour of the backside of the compound tepal Compound tepal main colour Calculate as: the Total finger weight, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. 46.8 / 16 = 2.9. Average hand weight - all - computation The number of fingers in the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand Number of fingers numfingers2nddistalhand Average finger circumference avefingercircumf The average circumference of the fingers. Average circumference Combined number of plants planted Number of plants planted numplanted The number of plants that are planted. Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with male respondents Number of banana weevil adults per trap How many banana weevil adults caught per trap. Number of banana weevil adults Black leaf streak disease severity BLS An indication of the extent of damage on an individual leaf caused by black leaf streak disease. Black leaf streak disease severity Transpiration efficiency - computation Gram accumulated biomass per volume water transpired Bunch maturity stage - estimation Estimate maturity stage of the bunch. Plant crop cycle The time elapsed from planting to the harvest of the bunch. Time from planting to harvest plant2harvest Number of all roots - computation Calculate as: the Number of dead roots plus the Number of functional roots, e.g. 8 + 12 = 20 roots. Calculate as: the Number of dead roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 8 / 20 * 100 = 40 % dead roots. Percentage of dead roots - computation Leaf number - counting Count the number of leaves Number of dead roots - counting Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of dead roots. Once the flavors are detected, moisture is felt by turning the product in the mouth Moistness Mouth impression method Leaf dry weight leafDryMass Dry weight The dry weight of a leaf BD colour chart A - 2016 The rank (order) of the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 leaf spot light-coloued dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. Youngest leaf spotted Rank of youngest leaf spotted YLS dateendtimedatacoll Date and time of end of data collection End date and time of data collection The date and time of the end of data collection on a plant. Number of fingers in outer whorl The number of fingers in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand numfingersouterwhorl2nddistalhand Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse A rating of the extent of rhizome (corm) discolouration, caused by Fusarium wilt. Discolouration caused by Fusarium wilt rating The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Leaf length - measurement MatMoistM Moisture in mouth Matooke moisture perception of moisture content of a food by the tactile receptors in the mouth and also in relation to the lubricating properties of the product Matooke Matooke-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of matoke-like aroma Hand weight - measurement Cut a hand from the rachis and weigh the hand, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. Fruit smashed pulp colour Colour The color of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Harvest density Combined density of plants harvested harvdens The number of plants that are harvested, in a defined area. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Water content - computation (Root Fresh Weight - Root Dry Weight) / Root Fresh Weight avefingerextlength The average length of the fingers measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Average external length Average finger external length Black leaf streak disease development time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 92 days. Visually observe and record the amount of the surface area of a standing leaf that is affected by black leaf streak disease. Black leaf streak disease severity - estimation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 - computation Height Pseudostem height Distance from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. The presence or absence of dwarfism on a mat dwarfism Dwarfism Dwarfism of plants plantDryMass Plant dry weight The dry weight of the whole plant. Dry weight Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight -method Record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options - estimation Death density - computation Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Death proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.17 = 283. Date of appearance of external symptoms caused by Fusairum wilt The date of the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Smoothness-Mouth feel - estimation Mouth feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Firmness in mouth method Put a part of the sample in your mouth, evaluate during the first bite (between molars) how hard is the sample. Petiole margin clasping - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Observation should be made at shooting on the neck, where the petiole and pseudostem meet. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Ratio Ratio root to shoot rootShootDry The ratio of dry mass of belowground (root) to abovegrund (shoot) biomass fruit relicts scale (1 to 3) Male rachis appearance - estimation Visually observe the male rachis appearance and choose the option that is most similar. The circumference of a finger. Finger circumference fingercircumf Circumference Stickiness scale 0-10 Finger circumference - measurement Measure the circumference of a finger at its widest point, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Weight The weight of multiple hands. multhandweight Multiple hand weight Banana pest disease singleLeafWidth The width of a leaf Single leaf width Width 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement Date of planting - estimation Record the date of event. Count how many peeper suckers are in the mat. Number of peeper suckers - counting plants/unit of area Time from flowering to harvest - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of flowering to the Date of harvest, e.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/10/2014 = 61 days. Record the rank of the previously marked leaf (the leaf that was marked in the Rank of marked youngest leaf during the last data collection), counting the leaf rank by starting with the newest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of previously marked leaf - counting Fruit pulp colour - estimation Visually observe the fruit pulp colour and select the option in the colour chart that is most representative. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. bunch shape scale (1 to 5) Time from shooting to harvest Time from shooting to harvest shoot2harvest The time elapsed from shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position) to the harvest of the bunch. The number of plants that are dead, in a defined area. Combined density of plants that are dead deathdens Death density Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 78 / 300 * 100 = 26%. Number of plants not harvested The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development). Combined number of plants not harvested numnotharv kg Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Damage to upper outer corm weevils - measurement Bunch position - estimation Visually observe the angle of the bunch and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.6 in the reference material. Calculate as: the Number of functional roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 12 / 20 * 100 = 60 % functional roots. Percentage of functional roots - computation Preference scoring scale female respondents Individual female respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Subjective taste assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Taste - estimation Content The relative water content in a leaf rwcLeaf Leaf relative water content Weekly leaf emission rate A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a week. LER Weekly leaf emission rate Preference number scale plants dead/plants planted Number of fingers in 3rd hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Firmness scale 0-10 Leaf chlorosis - computation Ratio of non green to green plant pixels Number of fingers in bunch - estimation Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in 3rd hand and the Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand, divided by 2, and multiplied by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (16 + 12) / 2 * 8 = 112. Alignment of bracts at the apex of the male bud Bract imbrication at apex of male bud Imbrication Matooke sourness gustatory complex sensation, generally due to presence of organic acids Sourness MatSour Matooke blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 4) sword sucker Mealiness Sensory Texture method Put a piece of banana in your mouth and assess the presence of mealiness particles during chewing Finger external length External length fingerextlength The length of a finger measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Visual assessment. Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Stickiness in hand method Put a part of the sample between thumb and index fingers and using tapping motions, evaluate the amount of product adhering on them Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. DIT Black leaf streak disease incubation time Average thickness of the peel Average finger peel thickness The average thickness of the peel of a finger. avepeelthickness Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of death, e.g. 24/05/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 120 days. Time from planting to death - computation Cut multiple hands from the rachis and weigh them together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of hands measured. Multiple hand weight - measurement Measurement under microscope Weevil larvae head capsule - measurement Fresh weight A leaf weight trait which is the fresh weight of a leaf Leaf fresh weight leafFreshMass Root dry weight The dry weight of the root system rootDryMass Dry weight Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of functional roots. Number of functional roots - counting Measure the length of a finger that is at the ready to eat stage, along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger external length - measurement Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of harvest. Number of plants harvested - computation Date of death - estimation Record the date of event. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 Plant circumference 75 cm - measurement Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, using a tape measure. Nematode species - estimation Identify the nematode species present in the banana plant root sample (Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita, ?) The time elapsed from the start of the crop cycle to the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Time from start of crop cycle to appearance of external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt dwarfism bract apex scale (1 to 5) Visually observe the pigmentation of the outer surface of the cigar leaf of a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession. [x Observation should be made before shooting, on a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession.] Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf - estimation leaf Ratoon crop cycle The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle. harvest2harvest Ratoon crop cycle causedamage Cause of damage Cause of damage The apparent cause of damage to the plant. Number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the plant. Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 - computation variable_of Presence/absence of collapse The presence/absence of petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. PC Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt Leaf yellowing and wilting caused by Fusarium wilt rating Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field A rating of the extent of leaf yellowing and wilting, caused by Fusarium wilt. The number of functional leaves (greenness>50%) in a shoot system numFuncLeaves Functional leaf number Number Average potential annual yield Average potential annual yield potannyield The average potential annual yield, assuming that all plants are harvested, from the number of plants planted. Calculation from count Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation - computation The number of functional roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number of functional roots Number Visually observe the male rachis position (the part between the last hand and the male bud) and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.12 in the reference material. Male rachis position - estimation The Vitamin C content of freeze-dried smashed pulp of a mature fruit Vitamin C content Vitamin C content plants harvested/plants planted The average length of a weevil larvae body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Average body length Banana weevil larvae average body length unitless The width of a weevil larvae head capsule. Banana weevil larvae head capsule width Head capsule width Calculate as: the Number of plants dead, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 4 / 24 = 0.17. Death proportion - computation Chewiness Date of planting dateplant The date of planting the plant. Date of planting Main colour of the pseudostem under the outermost sheath. Main underlying colour of pseudostem Main underlying colour Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for top traits with male respondents Visual assessment. Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Average internal length Average finger internal length The average length of the fingers measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. avefingerintlength Visual estimation of fruit pendulance on a bunch, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Fruit pendulance - estimation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Where root knot nematode galls are present, determine the extent of the galling using the scale. Nematode root knot galling extent - estimation The average actual annual yield, taking into account the proportion of plants harvested, from the number of plants planted Average actual annual yield actualannyield Average actual annual yield Finger weight - measurement Weigh a finger, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. The rank (order) of the oldest (most-distal) standing leaf (with an erect petiole). Rank of oldest standing leaf Rank of oldest standing leaf Main colour of the tip of the compound tepal (lobe) Lobe colour at tip of the tepal Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal Plant annual yield Annual yield plantannyield The bunch weight produced by the plant over the course of the crop cycle, averaged across one year. moldability scale 0-10 Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of pseudostem versus whole plant dry mass ratio Pseudostem to whole plant mass ratio Ratio pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_dry Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Number of fingers in 2nd hand - counting Cause of damage - estimation Record the apparent cause of the damage to the plant, e.g. strong winds, weevil damage, etc. growthFresh Fresh plant growth Growth Fresh mass accumulation over time Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight - method Recorded from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Pseudostem height - estimation finger Calculate as: the Number of plants planted, minus the Number of plants dead, minus the Number of plants harvested, e.g. 24 - 4 - 18 = 2. Number of plants not harvested - computation Ratio leafAreaRatio Ratio of projected leaf area to the actual leaf area, measure for the compactness of the plant crown Leaf area to plant area ratio Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - condensed Rachis weight - measurement Cut the hands off the rachis and weigh the rachis, using scales. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 - estimation Record the date of event. Date of shooting - estimation Record the date of event. The color of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Colour Fruit unsmashed pulp colour The length of a leaf Length singleLeafLength Single leaf length Record a description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. Off-type description - estimation Bunch shape - estimation Visually observe the shape of the mature bunch on a fully developed plant that is not experiencing environmental stress and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.4.7. in the reference material. yellowness scale 0-10 The average length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Banana weevil adult average body length Average body length Growth - computation Dry weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Date of weevil damage to corm assessment - estimation Record the date of event. Number of fingers measured - counting Count how many fingers are used to obtain a measurement. Male bud shape - computation Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape. Leaf area - measurement Top view image of loose leaves Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant, do not include roots from adjacent plants. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 10 cm long pieces and dry with paper tissue. Take a subsample of 15 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Put the roots in 100 ml of distilled water in a kitchen blender. Macerate the roots 3 times for 10 secs (separated by 5 sec intervals). Pour the macerated suspension through 250, 106 and 40 micro-metre sieves and rinse the sieves with tap water. Using distilled water, collect in a beaker the nematodes from the 40 micro-metre sieve. Using distilled water, dilute to 200 ml the nematode suspension in a graduated cylinder. Blow air through the nematode suspension with a pipette (to homogenise the suspension). Take a subsample of 6 ml (counting dish) or 2 ml (counting slide). Count the nematodes in the counting dish (stereo microscope) or in the counting slide (light microscope). Calculate the final nematode population per unit of fresh root weight. Root nematode density - computation color homogeneity scale 0-10 Weevil larvae body length - measurement Measurement under microscope Body length Banana weevil adult body length The length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry The percentage of damage to the periphery of the peeled corm, assessed by tunnels caused by weevils Peripheral damage caused by weevils Damage to periphery of peeled corm caused by weevils tallsuckererfunctleaves The number of leaves on the tallest sucker that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Tallest sucker number of functional leaves Number of functional leaves Smoothness in mouth MatSmoothM geometrical textural attribute relating to lack of presence of particles in a product Matooke smoothness Matooke No. per 100ml Colour of bract internal face - estimation Visually observe the colour of the internal face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Date of tagging at Bruns stage B of unrolling Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B The date a tagged cigar leaf is at Bruns stage B of unrolling. Manual height measurement Length - measurement The average percentage of damage in the whole corm (the inner corm and the outer corm) caused by weevils. Average percentage damage to the corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-average Growth Dry mass accumulation over time growthDry Dry plant growth Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt YL Presence/absence of yellowing The presence/absence of yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Root nematode density Number of nematodes per unit of fresh weight The number of nematode individuals per unit of fresh root weight. dateharvest The date the bunch is harvested from the plant. Date of harvest Date of harvest The amount of water loss in the system over time Volume System water loss waterLossSyst % Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of shooting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/09/2014 = 91 days. Time from shooting to harvest - computation The current rank (position) of the leaf that was previously marked as the youngest leaf at the time of the last data collection event. Rank rankprevleaf Rank of previously marked leaf Bract behaviour before falling Behaviour before falling, whether revolute or not revolute Behaviour of the last lifted bract - revolute or not revolute Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with male respondents Ratio Male bud shoulder description Male bud shoulder leaves/month The dry weight of the pseudostem pseudostemDryMass Dry weight Pseudostem dry weight totLeafLength The length of a leaf Total length of all leaves Length The date a youngest leaf spotted is first observed on the plant, caused by black leaf streak disease. Date of first youngest leaf spotted Date of first youngest leaf spotted bract imbrication scale (1 to 3) Damage to lower outer corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Presence of root knot nematodes Nematode root knot galling presence The presence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - complete Try to make a ball (agglomerate) of the sample and evaluate how easy it is to deform or break the sample Moldability in hand method Bract apex shape - estimation Refers to the first external unlifted bract. Visually observe the apex shape of flattened bracts to determine shape and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.5.2. in the reference material. Colour of the external face Colour of bract external face Main colour of the first external unlifted bract external face nematode lifecycle stages maiden sucker Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. Measure the lateral diameter of a finger from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), at the widest point, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger lateral diameter - measurement parthenocarpy Put a part of the sample in mouth, chew it and after 5 chews, evaluate between tongue and palate the number and the size of the particles. Smoothness in mouth method avefingerlatdiam Average lateral diameter The average lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. Average finger lateral diameter Average head capsule width Banana weevil adult average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil adult head. leaf rank functional roots dateflower Date of flowering Date of flowering The date the last bracts fall from the most distal hand (closest to the male bud) to display the female flowers. stickiness scale 0-10 mm Percentage of flower relicts at fruit apex Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex Remains of flower relicts at apex Thickness of the peel Finger peel thickness The thickness of the peel of a finger. peelthickness Researchers calculate the preference score by male respondents Preference score male respondents t/unit of area/y Sourness method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of the sourness Percentage of plants with petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Combined percentage with petiole collapse Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt Date of recognising off-type dateofftype The date the plant is first recognised as an off-type. Date of recognising off-type wing presence/absence Appearance of flowers/bracts on the male rachis Male rachis appearance Appearance in relation to the presence or absence of neutral, male and/or hermaphrodite flowers Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem of the tallest sucker should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the tallest sucker. Tallest sucker number of functional leaves - counting Combined percentage with changes in new leaves Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation suckerheight The height of the pseudostem of the tallest sucker within the same mat as the plant (the sucker that will become the next plant with a bunch, once the bunch from the current plant is harvested) Tallest sucker height Height Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. numdead Number of plants dead Combined number of plants that are dead The number of plants that are dead. moisture scale 0-10 The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the lobe at the tip of the tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal - estimation How many banana weevil larvae used to obtain a measurement. Number of banana weevil larvae measured Number of banana weevil larvae measured Number of suckers - counting Count how many of all types of suckers are in the mat. astringency scale 0-10 fruit relicts scale (1 to 4) Record the date of event. Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Count how many sword suckers are in the mat. Number of sword suckers - counting Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample 5 pt corm discolouration scale Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. Vitamin C - measurement Fruit pedicel length Length of the fruit pedicel from rachis to the beginning of the pulp Length Weekly leaf emission rate - computation Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (2 - 1) / 1 week = LER of 1 leaves/week during a particular time period. Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Rotylenchulus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Number of adult weevils measured How many banana weevil adults used to obtain a measurement. Number of banana weevil adults measured Visual counting method of Weevil traps (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long). Number of adult weevil trap - counting Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/04/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 31 days. Black leaf streak disease incubation time - computation Open question Texture Fruit unsmashed pulp texture The texture of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit The presence/absence of a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. Presence/absence of splitting SP Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt Presence absence 0 Rank of marked youngest leaf - counting Mark the youngest completely unrolled leaf and record its rank, which is always 1. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. The number of water suckers (suckers with broad leaves, a small rhizome, and a weak connection to the plant) in the mat. Number of water suckers Number of water suckers numwatersuckers Selection criteria for genotype ranked second highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of second best genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Leaf area - measurement Top view image multiplication factor Nematode population density by species in soil Population density Number of nematodes in soil Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with female respondents Visual estimation of bunch quality, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Bunch quality - estimation Record the date of event. Date of recognising off-type - estimation blotch color scale (1 to 5) open answer Time from planting to shooting - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of shooting. E.g. 24/09/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 243 days. Growth - computation Leaf area increase between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Combined proportion of plants that are dead The proportion of plants that are dead, from the number of plants planted. deathprop Death proportion Record the rank (order) of the second-most distal hand in the bunch, starting with the hand at the proximal end (closest to the pseudostem) of the bunch as 1 and continuing to the hand at the most distal end (closest to the male bud). Hand rank - counting Total finger weight - measurement Cut the hands off from the rachis and weigh all the hands together, using scales. Weighing of water loss though plant between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Water loss - measurement Fresh weight - measurement Weighing Faures stages of development of BLS disease scale (1987) Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 67 / 300 * 100 = 22%. Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Plant height - neck of peduncle - measurement Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to under the neck of the curved peduncle, using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. The nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Nematode species Species present hand Number of Meloidogyne spp. in roots Population density Number of Meloidogyne spp. per fresh root weight The date the assessment of weevil damage to the corm of the plant is conducted. Date of weevil damage assessment Date of weevil damage to corm assessment Stage of maturity at harvest bunchmaturity Bunch maturity stage at harvest The stage of maturity of the bunch at harvest. Main colour Colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath of the petiole base. Blotches colour at the petiole base Leaf width - measurement The shortest diagonal of a fitted ellips Male bud shoulder - computation Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape Number of spotted leaves Number of spotted leaves The number of leaves with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. Number of Radopholus similis in roots Population density Number of Radopholus similis per fresh root weight Main colour of the petiole margin. Where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Petiole margin colour Colour Date of data collection - estimation Record the date of event. (Plant Fresh Weight - Plant Dry Weight) / Plant Fresh Weight Water content - computation Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per fresh root weight Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in roots bud shape scale (1 to 5) mg The taste of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit unsmashed pulp taste Taste Leaf chlorosis Chlorosis leafChlorosis Leaf trait correlated to the health stage of the leaf Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the exact value. Fruit length - exact value - measurement BD colour chart A - 1996 Visual estimation of dwarfism, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Dwarfism - estimation Date of damage - estimation Record the date of event. Shape Shape of the fully developed bunch on a plant Bunch shape avefingerweight The average weight of the fingers. Average weight Average finger weight Calculate as: ((((Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0, multiplied by 0), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, multiplied by 1), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2, multiplied by 2), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3, multiplied by 3), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4, multiplied by 4), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5, multiplied by 5), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6, multiplied by 6)), divided by the number of grades in the scale minus 1 (i.e. 7-1)), divided by the Number of standing leaves), multiplied by 100. For example, ((((3 * 0) + (1 * 1) + (1 * 2) + (3 * 3) + (5 * 4) + (0 * 5) + (0 * 6)) / 6) / 13) * 100 = ((32 / 6) / 13) * 100 = 41. Black leaf streak disease severity index - computation bud shape scale (1 to 3) Count how many of the standing leaves are spotted (with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), considering all leaves in between and inclusive of, the youngest leaf and the oldest standing leaf. Number of spotted leaves - counting Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of leaves versus whole plant dry mass ratio Leaf to whole plant mass ratio leafToPlantMassRatio_dry Ratio Preference scoring scale male respondents Individual male respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Adult weevil body - measurement Electronic weighing method Banana weevil adult head capsule width Head capsule width The width of a banana weevil adult weevil head. The number of leaves on the plant that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Number of functional leaves Number of functional leaves functleaves Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with female respondents Count how many fingers are in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand - counting bud length scale (1 to 3) Plant height - petiole of two youngest leaves - measurement Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Combined percentage with external symptoms of Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Average finger external length - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger external length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (30 + 34 + 32 + 33 + 33 + 31) / 6 = 32.1. BD colour chart B - 2016 Plant state description A description of the state of the plant. State description statedescription Male rachis type - estimation Visually observe the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Number of nematodes (unclassified spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per soil sample Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in soil height score (1 to 3) Finger feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Finger feel - estimation Surface yellowness intensity Appearance method When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the intensity of the color Actual annual yield - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Harvest density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,250 = 68.13. Index of black leaf streak disease severity Fruit unsmashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel Smoothness-mouth feel The smoothness-mouth feel of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Time from flowering to harvest flower2harvest Time from flowering to harvest The time elapsed from flowering (when the last bracts fall from the most distal hand to display the female flowers) to the harvest of the bunch. Bunch weight - measurement Harvest the bunch by cutting the peduncle 10 cm above the first ridge above the most proximal, hand and immediately below the most distal hand and weigh the bunch (including the rachis), using scales. Preference score female respondents Researchers calculate the preference score by female respondents mL / cm? bud size scale (1 to 3) Leaf length - measurement The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Fruit apex point - estimation Visually observe the fruit apex point and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.6 in the reference material. hardness scale 0-10 Average number of banana weevil larvae Average number of banana weevil larvae per trap The average of how many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Fruit smashed pulp aroma/smell Aromas The pulp aroma of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Fresh weight - measurement Weighing Count how many of the leaves are standing leaves (without a bent or broken petiole) Number of standing leaves - counting Chewiness Sensory Texture method Place the sample in the mouth, chew it at the rate of one chewing per second and assess the number of chews before swallowing. Mealiness scale 0-10 Calculate as: the length of a year (e.g. 365 days) divided by the Plant crop cycle or the Ratoon crop cycle, e.g. 365 / 334 = 1.09. Annual crop cycle proportion - computation Count the number of leaves (functional only > 50% estimated green area) Leaf number - counting Number of fingers multnumfingshand The number of fingers in multiple hands. Multiple number of fingers in hand method_of g / mL Selection criteria for genotype ranked third highest by respondents Genotype selection traits Description of traits considered important in selection of third best genotype by respondents fruit length scale (1 to 5) Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with male respondents pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf Growth Pseudostem height increase per leaf formed Stunting expressed as height growth per new formed leaf Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Record on the last developed leaf at [x flowering stage] [shooting]. Colour line along edge of petiole margin - estimation Percentage damage to upper cross-section inner corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-upper-inner The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) upper cross-section, assessed by the percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Fresh weight - measurement Weighing The amount of water loss in the system normalized by the leaf area System water loss per leaf area Volume waterLossSystPerLeafArea Force required to obtain deformation, penetration or rupture of the banana Firmness Boiled plantain Firmness Boiled plantain BoiPlantnFirm Time from planting to shooting The time elapsed from planting to shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position). Time from planting to shooting plant2shoot Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Ratio of belowground (root) to aboveground (shoot) dry mass Ratio - computation Pigmentation of outer surface Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf on sucker Colour of pigmentation on outer surface of cigar leaf on a developed sucker Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2 Circumference 75 cm above the ground Plant circumference 75 cm from the collar plantcircumf75cm The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar. Gauhls modification of Stovers severity scoring system (YYYY) Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per soil sample Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in soil Male bud length - measurement Measure the length (y) of a projection/outline of the male bud on paper, with a measuring tape or ruler. Time from planting to first youngest spotted leaf - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of first youngest leaf spotted, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 151 days. rachis appearance scale (1 to 5) Bract behaviour before falling - estimation Visually observe the last bract to lift from the hands, ideally when the bract has lifted to a horizontal position, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 2 photos of descriptpr 6.5.12 in the reference material. Ex: g/100 mL juice???? Record the apparent cause of death of the plant, e.g. strong winds, Fusarium wilt, etc. Cause of death - estimation Researchers calculate the preference score by respondents Preference score individual respondents Count how many fingers are in the bunch. Number of fingers in bunch - counting Water loss rate - computation Measurement of system water loss between two timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) scale_of