area_topView Sebastien Carpentier areaPlantTop KU Leuven topLeafArea_Meas_cm2 pseudostem_fresh Sebastien Carpentier pseudostemFreshMass_Meas_g KU Leuven massFreshPseudostem Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HndNumMsrd_Ct_Hnd IITA Danny Coyne RadoNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA WvlAdltHdCps_M_µM Tendo Ssali Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltPltd_Ct_Plnt medium intensity 5 Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla watery green 3 Bioversity International FrtWtAvg_M_g Rhiannon Crichton First streak stage: specks elongate, becoming slightly wider to form narrow reddish-brown streaks. 2 3 11-30 egg masses Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RkYgstLf_Comp_leafrank orange-red 9 PeelThck_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RkPvsMktLf_Comp_leafrank Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton WvlLvBdWght_M_mg IITA Tendo Ssali BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_pct IITA-Bioversity International temp13 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Stage 6 is when the centre of the spot dries out, turns clear gray and is surrounded by a well-defined black ring, which is, in turn, surrounded by a bright yellow halo. These spots remain visible after the leaf has dried out because the ring persists. 6 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International HndFrtAvgNum_Ct_Frt MatPump_Meas_2pt Matooke pumpkin aroma measurement 2pt scale Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DateHarv_Date_dmy Second-streak stage: the streaks may elongate slightly, but the most notable change is that in colour from reddish brown to dark brown or almost black, sometimes with a purplish tinge. The streak is now clearly visible on the upper surface of the leaf. The distribution of streaks at this stage of development varies in the same way as mentioned above. When streaks are very numerous, and more or less evenly distributed, the entire leaf blackens. 3 growthPS_per_leafFormed pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf_Comp_cm Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven 4 16-33% of lamina with symptoms Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgPeelThck_M_mm curved in S shape (double curvature) 4 numFuncLeaves_Count_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven totalNumFunctionalLeaves numFuncLeaf RotyNumSlWt_CompNema Danny Coyne IITA Inge Van den Bergh PetColpPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Est_1to10 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchHndNum_Ct_Hnd Noel Madalla Bioversity PA_EstMale_Txt Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven lengthSum totLeafLength_Meas_cm 3 equal to or more than 3 m present 1 NARO, Uganda Matooke smoothness in hand measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa MatSmoothM_Meas_0to10 2 dont know AvgWvlLvBdWght_M_mg IITA Tendo Ssali 2 pink-purple to red Rachel Chase Bioversity International BrctApxShp_Est_1to5 Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black central area of the spot becomes slightly depressed and the water-soaked border becomes more pronounced due to darkening. At this stage, a slight yellowing of the leaf tissue immediately surrounding the water-soaked border may occur. 5 BnchPst_Estm_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase PStmHt_M2_cm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtDiam_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltFstLfSptd_Ct_leaf GdFrtFll_Est_1to2 IITA Allan Brown Rhiannon Crichton CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_ymd Bioversity International rootShootRatioDry massDryRootShoot rootShootDry_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven orange red 10 widthPerLeaf singleLeafWidth_Meas_cm Sebastien Carpentier widthSingleLeaf KU Leuven transpirationEfficiency_Comp_gml TEtotalDry Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven TE_dry IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvPrTrp_Ct_weevil Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity TrpNum_Ct_weeviltrap Tendo Ssali IITA 6 pink/pink-purple 6 medium green 5 > 100 egg masses Shoot_Date_ymd Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI WvlAdlt_Ct_weevil IITA Tendo Ssali waterLossSystPerLeafArea_Meas_mlcm2 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven waterLossSystem_per_Area YellowPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh 4 grey IITA Danny Coyne PratyNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Rhiannon Crichton PtlClpFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtGrth_M_mm Bioversity International Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp8 Rhiannon Crichton DeathCause_Est Bioversity International Rachel Chase Bioversity International FrtftPdclLgth_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchWt_M_kg Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity DthDnst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton NmRpFctr_Ct_Nema IITA Danny Coyne less than 1% of lamina with symptoms, only streaks and/or up to 10 spots 1 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire BoiPlantnFirm_Meas_0to10 Boiled plantain Firmness scale 0-10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke hardness in hand measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda MatHardT_Meas_0to10 Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI DamEst_Date_ymd Danny Coyne IITA NmNumSlWt Bioversity PA_EstFemale_Txt Noel Madalla leaf_fresh massFreshLeaf Sebastien Carpentier leafFreshMass_Meas_g KU Leuven like fairly 3 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp52 Bioversity International/IITA Rhiannon Crichton HandWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton SuckNum_Ct_Suck Bioversity International Bioversity International/IITA temp53 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne 3 banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) IITA Allan Brown GdBnch_Est_1to2 Bioversity International LfEmRate_Comp_LfMth Rhiannon Crichton WSuckN_Ct_WSuck Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton convolute 1 FstYngLfsptd_Est_ymd Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PStmDiscol_Est_cm Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International/IITA temp48 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne 1 revolute (rolling) Bioversity International NtHvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Rhiannon Crichton NtHvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton sparse blotching (<20%) 2 HvstDst_Comp_PlntHa Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PratyGooNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne 7 orange red Bioversity International FrtLngth_M_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International AnthrCl_Est_1to16 Rachel Chase Third or mature spot stage: the centre of the spot dries out, becoming light grey or buff-coloured, and further depressed. The spot is surrounded by a narrow, well-defined, dark brown or black border. between the latter and the normal green colour of the leaf, there is often a bright yellow transitional zone. After the leaf has collapsed and withered, spots remain clearly visible because of the light-coloured centre and dark border. 6 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Moistness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnMois_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI 10 sticky 2 lengthily pointed (like plantain) 0 no intensity Bioversity International FrtWt_M_gFruit Rhiannon Crichton 9 other 5 Second-spot stage: the dark brown or black centre of each lesion becomes slightly depressed and water soaked border becomes more pronounced. 6 Small bunch from neutral/hermaphrodite flowers just above the male bud PStmSplitPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh MlRchsApp_Estm_1to7 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Matooke surface yellowness measurement scale 0-10 MatSurfYellV_Meas_0to10 moldable 10 curved in slight S shape (double curvature) 5 MatStickT_Meas_0to10 Matooke stickiness in hand measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI DateDeath_Est_ymd IITA Allan Brown Dwfsm_Est_1to2 Rhiannon Crichton HndRnk_Ct_HndRnk Bioversity International FlwHvstTime_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International/IITA temp47 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne not dwarf 2 ChgNwLfPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA Tendo Ssali WvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM other 5 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp45 Bioversity International/IITA HandAvgWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 2 persistent style Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp18 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven areaTotLeaves totLeafArea_Meas_cm2 areaLeaves 5 obtuse and split Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to6 MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 1 pointed leaf spots 1 IITA Danny Coyne PratyCofNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Rhiannon Crichton DateColl_Date_dmy Bioversity International margins overlapping 4 Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise short (y less than or equal to 20 cm) 1 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 high intensity 10 2 present Elizabeth Kakhasa MatSour_Meas_0to10 Matooke sourness measurement scale 0-10 NARO, Uganda Bioversity International BrctClExtFc_Int_1to16 Rachel Chase Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity temp16 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CrmIntDiscFW_Est_1to5 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh Rhiannon Crichton HndMltpFrtNum_Ct_Frt Bioversity International Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven relativePS_dry massDryratioPseudostem pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless Bioversity International BlotchA_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase IITA Danny Coyne HelicoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema FrtExtLng_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rachel Chase FrtNbMdHndBnch_Ct_ft Bioversity International plantDryMass_Meas_g massDryPlant plant_dry Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven 2 adult female OffTypEst_Date_ymd Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI Rachel Chase Bioversity International PMargCol_Esr_1to4 BlkLfStrkLfFrStg1_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton winged and undulating 1 Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_ymd Bioversity International KU Leuven growthDry growthDry_Comp_g plantGrowth_dry Sebastien Carpentier Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd1 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp10 MatAro_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Matooke aroma measurement scale 0-10 Bioversity International PStmGrth_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton FuncRtNum2_Ct_Rt Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA 1 clasping MltHandWt_M_kgPlnt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PS_CompFemale_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked third highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity Rhiannon Crichton temp12 Bioversity International NmNumRtWt Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne PtYd_Comp_TnHaY Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CIRAD MlRchsTp_Estm_1to2 Christophe Jenny soft 0 Danny Coyne IITA HoploNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Rhiannon Crichton DET_Comp_d Bioversity International DIT_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton MltFrtWt_M_gFruit Guillaume Bauchet PltEst_Date_ymd IITA-BTI IITA-Bioversity International FstYngLfsptd_Est_dmy Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton blue 7 Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd4 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International DateDeath_Est_dmy Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_ymd Rhiannon Crichton MatFirmM_Meas_0to10 Matooke firmness in mouth measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda 4 obtuse and split Matooke astringency measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa MatAstr_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda 3 equal to or more than 17 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton DthPrp_Comp_DdPltRt IITA-Bioversity International NSpotLfProp_Comp_idx lengthPerLeaf lengthSingleLeaf singleLeafLength_Meas_cm Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rwcRoot rwcRoot_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier root_rwc KU Leuven FngUnSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCpt IITA-Bioversity International Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Matooke moldability measurement scale 0-10 MatMolT_Meas_0to10 1 cylindrical IITA Tendo Ssali DmgPrphl_M_% total discolouration of vascular tissue 6 massFreshRoot KU Leuven Sebastien Carpentier root_fresh rootFreshMass_Meas_g Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PSuckN_Ct_PSuck 3 black-purple neutral/male flowers and presence of withered bracts on the entire stalk 4 Bioversity International Rachel Chase PMargColL_Est_1or2 PMargWing_Est_1or2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 6 other Bioversity International AnCrpCyclPrp_Comp_CrpCclY Rhiannon Crichton extensive pigmentation (>50%) 4 IITA Tendo Ssali WvlAdltPrTrp_Ct_weevil Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkInfIndex_Comp_Idx PlntgDisTim_Comp_d Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh male flowers/bracts above the male bud (rest of stalk is bare) 3 Matooke sweetness measurement scale 0-10 Elizabeth Kakhasa MatSweet_Meas_0to10 NARO, Uganda Bioversity International Rachel Chase PStmCol_Est_1to16 Rachel Chase Bioversity International CigLfPigm_Est_1to3 YlLfPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 other (specify on answer sheet) Sebastien Carpentier leafAreaRatio_Comp_unitless KU Leuven areaPlant_per_areaTot areaRatio Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BnchFrtNum_Ct_Frt Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI DateHarv_Date_ymd IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpArm_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) Rhiannon Crichton AvgFrtExtLng_M_cm Bioversity International Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rootToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless massDryratioRoot relativeRoot_dry discolouration of between one-third and two-thirds of vascular tissue 4 Bioversity International BrctBhvBfFll_Est_1to2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PStmHt_M1_cm temp14 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International like a top 1 Sebastien Carpentier massFreshPlant plant_fresh KU Leuven plantFreshMass_Meas_g green 1 Other 5 8 other like extremely 5 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton AvgPulpDiam_M_mm winged and clasping the pseudostem 3 rwcLeaf leaf_rwc rwcLeaf_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven large blotches 3 erect 5 5 light green 4 margins curved inward FrtDiam_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI 1 pointed Rachel Chase Bioversity International CmpdTplMnCl_Est_1to16 OdStdLfRk_Ct_leaf Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton yellow 1 Moist 10 2 0-33 % of older banana leaves turning yellow 6 Third or mature spot stage: the centres of the lesions dry out becoming light grey or buff coloured and a bright yellow transitional zone appears between them and the normal green colour of the leaf. The lesions remain clearly visible after the leaf has collapsed or withered because of their light coloured centre and dark border. waterLossDay_Comp_ml Sebastien Carpentier waterLossDaily KU Leuven rateWaterLossPerDay temp32 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Altus Viljoen Stellenbosch University temp38 Rhiannon Crichton RchsWt_M_kg Bioversity International Bioversity International AnthrCl_Est_1to8 Rachel Chase Rhiannon Crichton temp9 Bioversity International 1 green Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CropCyc_Comp_d margins erect 2 Rhiannon Crichton CigLfUnrBrnStgB_Date_dmy Bioversity International Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 StdLf_Ct_leaf IITA-Bioversity International Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton plant dead, with brown leaves hanging down the pseudostem 5 ExtDisProp_Comp_pct Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh MlBdShd_Comp_1to3 Bioversity International Rachel Chase Tendo Ssali AvgWvlLvBdLgt_M_µM IITA Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpTxt_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI good 2 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp50 Bioversity International/IITA 3 red yellow 4 > 75 % of roots galled 5 0 low intensity Bioversity International FrtCvShp_Est_1to6 Rachel Chase Rhiannon Crichton MSuckN_Ct_MSuck Bioversity International Guillaume Bauchet PulpDiam_M_cm IITA-BTI MatGrass_Meas_2pt Elizabeth Kakhasa Matooke grassy aroma measurement 2pt scale NARO, Uganda Bioversity International BlkLfStrkLfFrStg6_Date_dmy Rhiannon Crichton with a curve 3 2 slightly curved HvstDth_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton other 4 LfEmRate_Comp_LfWk Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Stickiness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnStic_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second highest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla margins overlapping 5 IITA Danny Coyne HoploNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne DeadRtNum2_Ct_Rt Bioversity International/IITA weevils 6 4 obtuse rounded 5 Rhiannon Crichton HndFrtNum_Ct_Frt Bioversity International 0 absent SptLfNb_Ct_leaf IITA-Bioversity International Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton Banana ontology Plantain ontology Tendo Ssali WvlLvBdLgt_M_µM IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLvMsrd_Ct_weevil IITA Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Shoot_Date_dmy relativeLeaf_dry massDryratioLeaf Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven leafToPlantMassRatio_Comp_unitless Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton ShtHvstTime_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp40 Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by male respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity 10 orange red IITA Allan Brown Sckr_Est_1to2 BnchMatStg_Est_1to2 Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI KU Leuven leafChlorosis Sebastien Carpentier leafChlorosis_Comp_unitless Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rwcPseudostem ps_rwc rwcPseudostem_Comp_unitless yellow 3 0 absent IITA Danny Coyne PratyGooNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Hermann Antonin KOUASSI BoiPlantnMeal_Meas_0to10 CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire Boiled plantain Mealiness scale 0-10 2 straight in the distal part Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltEst_Date_dmy whitish 9 Rhiannon Crichton OffTypEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International Bioversity International SuckHtShtStg_M_cm Rhiannon Crichton straight in the distal part 3 4 1/3-2/3 discoloured Bioversity International temp2 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltDead_Ct_Plnt hanging at a 45 degree angle 3 4 spiral (all fruit are attached to a unique crown coiled around the stalk) 10 high intensity Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd5 green yellow 4 Rachel Chase Bioversity International HndNbWhlBnch_Ct_hands lengthPseudostem_Meas_cm heightPS heightPseudostem Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven 5 neutral/male flowers on the whole stalk without persistent bracts (still firmly attached to the rachis) PdcFsn_Est_1to2 Rachel Chase Bioversity International green 2 1 less than or equal to 2 m First-spot stage: the streaks broaden and become more or less fusiform or elliptical in outline and a water soaked border appears around each lesion. 4 very light yellow 0 2 11-20 mm 2 Stage 2 appears as a stripe, generally brown in colour and visible on the underside of the leaf, later the symptom also appears on the upper part of the limb as a stripe, the yellow colour of which resembles the stripe at stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka. The colour of this stripe will change progressively from brown and later to black on the upper side of the limb, but will retain the brown colour on the underside. 7 green 2 few internal spots 1 present KU Leuven numLeaf totalNumLeaves numLeaves_Count_unitless Sebastien Carpentier temp51 Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne Bioversity International/IITA 2 cream 26-30 cm 4 asymmetrical 3 skinny (w/y less than or equal to 0.45) 1 areaPerLeaf Sebastien Carpentier singleLeafArea_Meas_cm2 KU Leuven areaSingleLeaf PS_CompResp_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity 4 black-purple Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton RtnCrpCyc_Comp_d pseudostemHeightIncrease Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven pseudostemHeightIncrease_Comp_cm2 BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_MedLawCdsd IITA-Bioversity International Danny Coyne IITA MeloiNumRtWt2_Comp_Nema Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd3 Tendo Ssali temp44 IITA 1 less than or equal to 15 cm Danny Coyne IITA MeloiNumSlWt_Comp_Nema PS_CompMale_PrefScale Noel Madalla Bioversity no symptoms 0 truncate ( 2 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp20 6 purple Bioversity International Rachel Chase BrctClExtFc_Est_1to16 less than or equal to 10 mm 1 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp15 FrtIntLng_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI temp41 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 51-100% of lamina with symptoms 6 medium (20 cm < y < 30 cm) 2 Rachel Chase BnchShp_Estm_1to5 Bioversity International bright yellow 10 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh LfChgPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity PA_EstResp_Txt Noel Madalla Rachel Chase FrtCvShp_Est_1to5 Bioversity International plantGrowth_fresh Sebastien Carpentier growthFresh KU Leuven growthFresh_Comp_g Rachel Chase Bioversity International MlRchsPst_Estm_1to5 Matooke surface homogeneity of colour measurement scale 1-10 MatSurfHomColV_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda BlotchA_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase Bioversity International CormDiscol_Est_1to6 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh IITA-BTI AvgFrtIntLng_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet small blotches 2 yellow 2 RadoNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne crumbly 0 waterLossSystem Sebastien Carpentier waterLossSyst_Meas_ml transpSyst KU Leuven temp23 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Noel Madalla Bioversity Bioversity International temp19 Rhiannon Crichton Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) VitCCnt_M_ IITA Bioversity International MgnBhvPtCnlThrdLf_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rachel Chase BlotchCol_Est_1to5 Rhiannon Crichton SptPsdStmPercFW_Comp_pct Bioversity International PltDnsty_Comp_PlntHa Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 2 First streak stage: the initial speck elongates, becoming slightly wider, to form a characteristic narrow, reddish brown streak up to 20 mm long and 2.0 mm wide, with the long axis parallel to the leaf venation. At this stage, streaks are more clearly visible on the lower surface of the leaf than on the upper one. The distribution of streaks is variable. Sometimes they are most numerous near the edge of the left side of the leaf. At other times they are equally numerous on both sides of the leaf, and more or less evenly distributed. Frequently they are densely aggregated in a band several cm wide on one side or both sides of the mid-rib, becoming less numerous towards the edge of the leaf. Streaks may be so numerous that every cm2 of leaf surface bears one or more. There is considerable variation in the length of individual streaks on a given leaf, and they frequently overlap to form larger, compound streaks. 3 intermediate straight with erect margins 3 25-50 % of roots galled 3 2 cream Guillaume Bauchet DateColl_Date_ymd IITA-BTI Bioversity International FrtDiam_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton Rachel Chase FstBrctApxShp_Est_1to4 Bioversity International 1 1-2 egg masses medium intensity 5 Matooke moisture in mouth measurement scale 0-10 MatMoistM_Meas_0to10 Elizabeth Kakhasa NARO, Uganda Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton PltNtHvstd_Ct_Plnt Bioversity International MlBdLngthRt_M_1to3 Rachel Chase IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Gauhl 4 Stage 4 appears on the underside as a brown spot and on the upper side as a black spot. purple 5 Bioversity International AcAnYd_Comp_TnHaY Rhiannon Crichton temp31 Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton temp35 Bioversity International 8 mole rats temp17 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 margins curved inward FngUnSmshdPlpCl_Est_1to5 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI 6 orange YellowPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh Tendo Ssali WvlAdltMsrd_Ct_weevil IITA base of the style prominent 3 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) FngUnSmshdPlpSmth_Est_1to5 IITA-BTI Noel Madalla Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked highest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise Bioversity Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FngWtTtl_Comp_kg AvgWvlAdltBdLgt_M_µM IITA Tendo Ssali 2 wide with erect margins 1 Initial speck stage: faint, minute, reddish-brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton HvstPrp_Comp_PlntNb Rachel Chase PMargCol_Esr_1to16 Bioversity International 4 31-100 egg masses temp30 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3 obtuse 6 medium green 5 34-50% of lamina with symptoms Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton SSuckN_Ct_SSuck Rhiannon Crichton FrtNb_Ct_gFruit Bioversity International Bioversity International FrtApxPt_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase 1 white Rachel Chase Bioversity International FrtLngth_M_cm firm 10 IITA Tendo Ssali WvlLv_Ct_weevil MlBdShp_Comp_1to5 Bioversity International Rachel Chase PltDth_Comp_d Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton juvenile 3 horizontal 4 Bioversity International/IITA Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp49 8 dark green Boiled plantain Sweetness scale 0-10 BoiPlantnSwt_Meas_0to10 Hermann Antonin KOUASSI CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire no pigmentation 1 4 50-75 % of roots galled IITA temp42 Tendo Ssali PStmSplitPres_Est_0or1 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh no visible sign of fusion 1 AvgWvlAdltBdWght_M_mg IITA Tendo Ssali yellow 2 1 dwarf extensive pigmentation 4 0 Dry Rhiannon Crichton PlntShtTime_Comp_d Bioversity International temp22 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton dont know 10 Bioversity International PltSpcg_Comp_m2 Rhiannon Crichton equal to or more than 31 cm 3 Stage 1 appears as a small depigmentation spot whose whitish or yellow colour resembles stage 1 of Yellow Sigatoka disease. These symptoms are not visible in transmitted light and can be observed only on the underside of the leaf. 1 Rachel Chase Bioversity International PsdHght_E 8 other BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd6 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton CauDam_Est_txt 1 less than or equal to 20 cm 1 margins spreading DamEst_Date_dmy Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton High shouldered (x/y less than or equal to 0.28) 1 0 no intensity Bioversity International Rachel Chase MlBdShp_Comp_1to3 long (equal to or more than 30 cm) 3 egg 4 Rhiannon Crichton FstExtDiSmptFW_Date_dmy Bioversity International Bioversity International BlotchCol_Est_1to4 Rachel Chase Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International temp11 Bioversity International PulpDiam_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton truncated 1 BrctClExtFc_Int_1to8 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh PetColpPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International PltDamDesc_Est_txt Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA-Bioversity International BlkLfStrkSvrt_Est_Faure Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd2 21-30 cm 2 pointed 1 CrmDiscDistTlstSckFW_M_cm Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh Bioversity International FrtftPdclLgth_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase dislike 2 temp37 Stellenbosch University Altus Viljoen soft 0 5 purple-brown IITA Allan Brown PdltFrt_Est_1to2 2 brown rounded 5 FrtExtLng_M_mm Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton IITA-BTI FlwT_Date_ymd Guillaume Bauchet Bioversity International Rachel Chase CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to16 > 1/3 discoloured 5 5 other Rachel Chase Bioversity International FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to4 Bioversity International FrtGrth_M_mm Rhiannon Crichton 2 not parthenocarpic Inge Van den Bergh/Danny Coyne temp46 Bioversity International/IITA 2 not revolute (not rolling) IITA WvlAdltBdWght_M_mg Tendo Ssali 5 equal to or more than 31 cm cream 1 Bioversity International PltHvstd_Ct_Plnt Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International BnchFrtNum_Comp_Frt Rhiannon Crichton blunt-tipped (plateau at tip) 3 IITA Tendo Ssali AvgWvlAdltHdCps_M_µM curved (sharp curve) 4 Second-streak stage: streaks change colour from reddish brown to dark brown or black, sometimes with a purplish tinge, clearly visible at the upper surface of the leaf. 3 5 Stage 5 is when the elliptical spot is totally black and has spread to the underside of the limb. It is surrounded by a yellow halo with the centre beginning to flatten out. medium (0.45 < w/y < 0.55) 2 1 fully green FrtGrth_M_cm Guillaume Bauchet IITA-BTI watery green 3 10 high intensity Sebastien Carpentier transpPlant waterLossPlant KU Leuven waterLossPlant_Meas_ml 1 less than or equal to 12 0 heterogeneous no internal symptoms 1 red-purple 4 KU Leuven leafAreaIncrease leafAreaIncrease_Comp_cm2 Sebastien Carpentier Hermann Antonin KOUASSI Boiled plantain Chewiness by number of chews BoiPlantnChew_Meas_number of chews CIRAD / UNA, Côte d’Ivoire slightly angled 2 massDryRoot root_dry Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rootDryMass_Meas_g Bioversity International MlBdLngth_M_1to3 Rachel Chase Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton BlkLfStrkSvrtLfNb_Ct_grd0 Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven rwcPlant rwcPlant_Comp_unitless plant_rwc FnctLeav_Ct_Leaf Rhiannon Crichton Bioversity International 67-100 % of all leaves turning yellow and necrotic, with leaves hanging down the pseudostem 4 Bioversity International AnPltPrp_Comp_KgHaY Rhiannon Crichton Tendo Ssali IITA AvgWvlLvHdCps_M_µM 1 hanging vertically 5 medium intensity 9 whitish Bioversity International BrctImbrcApxMlBd_Est_1to3 Rachel Chase falling vertically 1 WvlLvHdCps_M_µM IITA Tendo Ssali Bioversity International IntDisProp_Comp_pct Inge Van den Bergh 2 dark brown 2 one yellow finger Noel Madalla Bioversity Selection criteria for genotype that was ranked second lowest by female respondents during preference scoring exercise red-purple 9 1 winged contrast between margin and petiole (with a contrasting colour line along) 2 white 1 2 medium shouldered (0.28 < x/y < 0.30) no egg masses 0 fusarium wilt 2 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton FlwT_Date_dmy Initial speck stage: symptoms are first visible to the naked eye as faint, minute (less than 0.25 mm diam), reddish brown specks on the lower surface of the leaf. Specks are often most abundant near the margin of the left side of the leaf, particularly towards the tip. Where leaf spot is severe, specks have been observed on the second leaf of plants that have not yet produced a bunch. Elsewhere they usually appear on the third, fourth, or older leaves. 1 Allan Brown/Guillaume Bauchet (temp.) IITA-BTI FngSmshdPlpTst_Est_1to5 1 straight absent 0 2 not clasping 10 smooth PratyNumSlWt_Comp_Nema IITA Danny Coyne Bioversity International Rachel Chase PMargWing_Est_1or5 Danny Coyne IITA PratyCofNumSlWt_Comp_Nema Sebastien Carpentier KU Leuven ps_dry pseudostemDryMass_Meas_g massDryPseudostem 3 persistent flower relicts (> 20% of the fruits with relicts) corm completely clean, no vascular discolouration 1 temp21 Bioversity International Rhiannon Crichton 3-10 egg masses 2 3 brown-black without flower relicts 1 red-purple 2 1 adult male Other 7 2 2.1-2.9 m lanceolate 2 hard 10 3 equal to or more than 21 mm IITA-Bioversity International Amos Alakonya-Rhiannon Crichton SpotLfNum_Ct_Lf no intensity 0 LfChgPres_Est_1or2 Bioversity International Inge Van den Bergh brown/rusty brown 5 non sticky 0 IITA Tendo Ssali temp43 not winged and not clasping the pseudostem 5 2 few flower relicts (< 20% of the fruits with relicts) 5 other intermediate 3 10 homogeneous Sebastien Carpentier leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth_Comp_percm KU Leuven leaves_per_heightPS 1 no contrast between margin and petiole (without a colour line along) low shouldered (x/y more than or equal to 0.30) 3 2 slightly pointed other 4 4 not winged and clasping the pseudostem DmgIdxInn_M_% IITA Tendo Ssali erect 5 attribute 2 neutral flowers on one to few hands only near the bunch (rest of stalk is bare) leaf_dry leafDryMass_Meas_g Sebastien Carpentier massDryLeaf KU Leuven winged and not clasping the pseudostem 2 FrtApxFlwRlt_Est_1to3 Bioversity International Rachel Chase 5 grainy horizontal or supra-horizontal 4 cream 1 1 parthenocarpic purple brown 6 entity 1 bare 1 open with margins spreading add** 1 2 < 25 % of roots galled 3 ivory 1 no visual leaf symptoms 5 without pigmentation 5 bright yellow 3 < 1/3 discoloured strongly bottle-necked (wider under tip than number 2) 4 8 red green 7 1 without any floral relicts entire inner rhizome discoloured 6 lumpy 0 4 green yellow 8 dark green 2 ** fat (w/y equal to or more than 0.55) 3 2 isolated points of discolouration in vascular tissue totally fused (more than 50 % of the length of the pedicel) 3 pink-purple 8 firm 5 sparse blotching 1 medium intensity 5 moderately imbricate 2 intermeditae 2 Bioversity International PMargClasp_Est_1or2 Rachel Chase 3 Stage 3 differs from the previous one by its dimensions. The stripe becomes longer, is enlarged and in certain conditions (weak inoculum and unfavourable climatic conditions) can reach 2 or 3 cm. First-spot stage: the streak broadens and becomes more or less fusiform and elliptical in outline and similar to the first-spot stage of Sigatoka (Leach 1946). The transition from streak to spot is further characterised by the development of a light brown, water-soaked border around the spot. This water-soaked effect is especially clear in the early morning, when dew is still present on the leaf, or after rain. 4 7 black (anthers aborted) orange-brown (mahogany, like in Pisang Mas) 1 4 banana bunchy top (BBTD) 1 bad 1 brown 2 at an angle 2 present pink-purple 7 3 moderate blotching (20-50%) 3 curved (sharp curve) IITA Tendo Ssali DmgIdxOut_M_% 4 only base of the style persists 5 discolouration greater than two-thirds of vascular tissue pink/pink-purple 10 10 other highly imbricate 3 6-15% of lamina with symptoms 3 1-5% of lamina with symptoms 2 like very much 4 3 purple to blue trace infections with a few small galls 1 not winged 2 CmpdTplLbCl_Est_1to5 Rachel Chase Bioversity International 16-20 cm 2 straight (or slightly curved) 1 discolouration of up to one-third of vascular tissue 3 5 light green 1 absent 2 13-16 5 banana streak virus (BSV) ovoid 4 1 dislike very much 7 nematodes 3 34-66 % of older leaves turning yellow, with some hanging down the pseudostem 2 partially fused (up to 50 % of the length of the pedicel) acronym high intensity 10 21-25 cm 3 Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with male respondents When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the intensity of the color Surface yellowness intensity Appearance method weevil BD colour chart B - 2016 leafDryMass Leaf dry weight Dry weight The dry weight of a leaf Chewiness The date of planting the plant. Date of planting Date of planting dateplant Astringency method Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of astringency impression due to the sample t/unit of area/y Place the sample in the mouth, chew it at the rate of one chewing per second and assess the number of chews before swallowing. Chewiness Sensory Texture method Selection criteria for genotype ranked lowest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of least genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits bad good fingerintlength Finger internal length Internal length The length of a finger measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss The width of a weevil larvae head capsule. Head capsule width Banana weevil larvae head capsule width nematodes/unit of fresh root weight Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (unclassified spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method gustatory complex sensation, generally due to presence of organic acids Sourness Matooke sourness Matooke MatSour Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the lobe at the tip of the tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Formation Stunting expressed as number of leaves per height growth leavesFormedPerPseudostemGrowth Leaves formed per pseudostem height increase Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Nematode egg-laying females extent Extent of root knot nematodes The extent of egg-laying female root knot nematodes, observed internally as pit-like structures on the roots. Calculate as: the Total finger weight, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. 46.8 / 16 = 2.9. Average hand weight - all - computation Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight -method Average finger lateral diameter - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.5 + 5.2 + 4.1 + 5 + 6 + 6.8) / 6 = 5.1. rachisweight The weight of the rachis. Rachis weight Weight On a bunch with mostly hands of > 10 fingers, a possible ultimate hand with 1-5 (rather smaller) fingers should not be counted. Number of hands on whole bunch - counting Matooke Hardness in hand Matooke hardness mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. MatHardT Fruit unsmashed pulp colour The color of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Colour leaf Main colour of the pseudostem under the outermost sheath. Main underlying colour of pseudostem Main underlying colour Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Colour Main colour of the face of anther opposite to dehiscence Anther colour dateharvest Date of harvest Date of harvest The date the bunch is harvested from the plant. BoiPlantnSwt Boiled plantain Sweetness Boiled plantain Sweetness Elemental flavor caused by dilute aqueous solutions of various substances such as sucrose or aspartame Surface color homogeneity Appearance method When you receive the sample, observe the surface and evaluate the homogeneity Plant density - computation Calculate as: number of square metres in the area unit of choice, divided by the Plant spacing, e.g. 10,000 square metres in 1 hectare / 6 = 1,667 plants/ha. sword sucker rwcPseudostem The relative water content in a pseudostem Pseudostem relative water content Content Multiple hand weight multhandweight The weight of multiple hands. Weight Count how many fingers are in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand - counting Finger external length - measurement Measure the length of a finger that is at the ready to eat stage, along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the second-most distal hand. unitless Record the rank (order) of the oldest standing leaf (with an erect petiole), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of oldest standing leaf - counting Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the lateral diameter of the fruit pulp, from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Fruit pulp lateral diameter - measurement bunchweight Weight Bunch weight The weight of the bunch, including the rachis. Calculate as: the sum of the Finger internal length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (27 + 31 + 29 + 30 + 30 + 28) / 6 = 29.2. Average finger internal length - computation A rating of the extent of leaf yellowing and wilting, caused by Fusarium wilt. Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field Leaf yellowing and wilting caused by Fusarium wilt rating Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Anther colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the anther colour on the face opposite to the dehiscence split of the anther. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Fusarium wilt internal symptoms scale blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 5) Weighing Fresh weight - measurement plantheightneck Plant height to neck of peduncle Height The height of the pseudostem of the plant from the collar to the curved neck of the peduncle. margin behaviour scale (1 to 4) The time elapsed from planting to the harvest of the bunch. Time from planting to harvest Plant crop cycle plant2harvest Average number of banana weevil larvae per trap Average number of banana weevil larvae The average of how many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Number of suckers - counting Count how many of all types of suckers are in the mat. Visually observe the angle of the bunch and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.6 in the reference material. Bunch position - estimation singleLeafLength Single leaf length The length of a leaf Length Visual assessment. Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation The bunch weight produced by the plant over the course of the crop cycle, averaged across one year. Plant annual yield plantannyield Annual yield suckerheight The height of the pseudostem of the tallest sucker within the same mat as the plant (the sucker that will become the next plant with a bunch, once the bunch from the current plant is harvested) Tallest sucker height Height Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Number of fingers in 3rd hand - counting plants/unit of area Population density Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in roots Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per fresh root weight Top view image Leaf area - measurement Aroma of fresh grass MatAroGrassA Grassy-like aroma Matooke Matooke aroma grassy Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Plant height - petiole of two youngest leaves - measurement Water loss - measurement Weighing of water loss though system between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Weekly leaf emission rate A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a week. Weekly leaf emission rate LER Number of maiden suckers nummaidensuckers Number of maiden suckers The number of maiden suckers (fully grown suckers with foliage leaves) in the mat. plantspacing The area allocated to one plant. Area allocated to one plant Plant spacing rankyoungleaf The rank (position) of the youngest completely unrolled leaf. Rank of marked youngest leaf Rank Firmness scale 0-10 BD colour chart A - 2016 MatSweet Sweetness basic taste produced by dilute aqueous solutions of natural or artificial substances such as sucrose Matooke Matooke sweetness Leaf area - measurement Top view image of loose leaves µM blotch pigmentation scale (1 to 4) Boiled plantain Boiled plantain Moistness Perception of the amount of water absorbed or released by the product Moistness BoiPlantnMois Transpiration efficiency Efficiency transpirationEfficiency The growth (weight increase) per volume transpired water The shortest diagonal of a fitted ellips Leaf width - measurement Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - condensed Number of fingers The number of fingers in the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand numfingers2nddistalhand Date of first youngest leaf spotted - estimation Record the date of event. numfingershand The number of fingers in a hand. Number of fingers Number of fingers in hand sucker The presence/absence of changes in new leaves - irregular pale margins, narrowing of lamina, burning plus ripping of lamina, lamina becoming more erect, caused by Fusarium wilt. CNL Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Presence/absence of changes A rating of the extent of rhizome (corm) discolouration, caused by Fusarium wilt. Discolouration caused by Fusarium wilt rating Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse Harvest proportion - computation Calculate as: the Number of plants harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 18 / 24 = 0.75. Number of dead roots The number of dead roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number Content rwcRoot Root relative water content The relative water content in a root Average finger weight - computation Calculate as: the sum of the the Finger weight measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (150 + 146 + 147 + 152 + 140 + 146) / 6 = 147. parthenocarpy Count how many maiden suckers are in the mat. Number of maiden suckers - counting Root necrosis caused by nematodes Percentage necrotic The percentage of the root cortex of five functional roots approximately 10 cm long that is necrotic due to nematode damage. Subjective visual assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Visual appearance - estimation Root nematode density - computation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant, do not include roots from adjacent plants. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 10 cm long pieces and dry with paper tissue. Take a subsample of 15 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Put the roots in 100 ml of distilled water in a kitchen blender. Macerate the roots 3 times for 10 secs (separated by 5 sec intervals). Pour the macerated suspension through 250, 106 and 40 micro-metre sieves and rinse the sieves with tap water. Using distilled water, collect in a beaker the nematodes from the 40 micro-metre sieve. Using distilled water, dilute to 200 ml the nematode suspension in a graduated cylinder. Blow air through the nematode suspension with a pipette (to homogenise the suspension). Take a subsample of 6 ml (counting dish) or 2 ml (counting slide). Count the nematodes in the counting dish (stereo microscope) or in the counting slide (light microscope). Calculate the final nematode population per unit of fresh root weight. bud length scale (1 to 3) Black leaf streak disease incubation time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/04/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 31 days. bud shoulder scale (1 to 3) pseudostemToPlantMassRatio_dry Pseudostem to whole plant mass ratio Ratio Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of pseudostem versus whole plant dry mass ratio Body weight Banana weevil larvae body weight The weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Off-type description - estimation Record a description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. The height of the pseudostem of the plant, from the collar to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves. Height plantheightpetioles Plant height MatAroMatA Matooke aroma matooke Matooke-like aroma Matooke Aroma of the local matooke. Count the number of leaves Leaf number - counting pendulantfruit Finger pendulance quality Overall fruit pendulance quality The overall estimation fruit pendulance on a bunch Fruit unsmashed pulp texture Texture The texture of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Black leaf streak disease development time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at stage B, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/03/2014 = 92 days. moisture scale 0-10 Record the date of event. Date of planting - estimation Male bud shoulder Ratio Male bud shoulder description Mouth feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Smoothness-Mouth feel - estimation Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 112 / 300 * 100 = 37%. Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation shoot2harvest Time from shooting to harvest Time from shooting to harvest The time elapsed from shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position) to the harvest of the bunch. Record the date of event. Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Visually observe the last bract to lift from the hands, ideally when the bract has lifted to a horizontal position, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 2 photos of descriptpr 6.5.12 in the reference material. Bract behaviour before falling - estimation Average fruit pulp lateral diameter The average lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. Average lateral diameter of the pulp avepulpdiam The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 20 cm from the collar. Plant circumference 20 cm from the collar Circumference 20 cm above the ground plantcircumf20cm bunch maturity Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample fruit relicts scale (1 to 4) None Index of black leaf streak disease severity Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Combined percentage with yellowing leaves Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Describe the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description - estimation Matooke Aroma of pumpkin. Possibly, precise if the taste is like boiled pumpkin or fried... MatAroPumpA Pumpkin-like aroma Matooke aroma pumpkin Length and maximum diamter of male bud at harvest. Male bud size - measurement The presence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Presence of root knot nematodes Nematode root knot galling presence Growth - computation Fresh weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) A description of the damage to the plant. describedamage Description of damage Damage description The number of fingers in the second hand. numfingers2ndhand Number of fingers in 2nd hand Number of fingers cm Presence absence 0 Record the apparent cause of the damage to the plant, e.g. strong winds, weevil damage, etc. Cause of damage - estimation Dry plant growth Dry mass accumulation over time growthDry Growth Fresh weight - measurement Weighing Leaf relative water content Content The relative water content in a leaf rwcLeaf BD colour chart A - 1996 Record a description of the damage to the plant, e.g. leaves ripped, pseudostem snapped, plant toppled, etc. Damage description - estimation Fresh weight - measurement Weighing (Root Fresh Weight - Root Dry Weight) / Root Fresh Weight Water content - computation Male bud length - measurement Measure the length (y) of a projection/outline of the male bud on paper, with a measuring tape or ruler. open answer Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Radopholus similis ) per unit fresh root weight - method Percentage of functional roots Percentage of functional roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are functional. Preference scoring scale male respondents Individual male respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Presence absence 0 The average length of the fingers measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. avefingerextlength Average external length Average finger external length margin behaviour scale (1 to 5) Water content - computation (Leaf Fresh Weight - Leaf Dry Weight) / Leaf Fresh Weight Try to make a ball (agglomerate) of the sample and evaluate how easy it is to deform or break the sample Moldability in hand method Visual estimation of bunch quality, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Bunch quality - estimation Taste The taste of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit smashed pulp taste The average length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Banana weevil adult average body length Average body length Calculate as: the sum of the Finger peel thickness measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3) / 6 = 2. Average finger peel thickness - computation mm Date of shooting The date the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position. dateshoot Date of shooting Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of taste of sweetness Sweetness tasting method Number of fingers in hand - counting Count how many fingers are in a hand. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Description of traits considered important in selection of best genotype by respondents Selection criteria for genotype ranked highest by respondents Genotype selection traits pseudostemDryMass Pseudostem dry weight The dry weight of the pseudostem Dry weight rootShootDry Ratio root to shoot Ratio The ratio of dry mass of belowground (root) to abovegrund (shoot) biomass Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1 - estimation Record the date of event. Mark the youngest completely unrolled leaf and record its rank, which is always 1. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of marked youngest leaf - counting A description of the state of the plant. State description statedescription Plant state description The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 6 Black leaf streak disease development time DDT Fruit length - exact value - measurement Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the exact value. Preference number scale Pulp colour Fruit pulp colour The colour of the fruit pulp. fruitpulpcolour Bract apex shape - estimation Refers to the first external unlifted bract. Visually observe the apex shape of flattened bracts to determine shape and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.5.2. in the reference material. Hand rank The rank (order) of a hand in the bunch. Rank handid hand rank Body length Banana weevil adult body length The length of a banana weevil adult body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Measure the length of the internal arc of a fruit, without pedicel. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands so use the upper hand that developed first. Record the range. Fruit length - range - measurement Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch Number of fruits on the mid-hand of the bunch **subsume Number of fingers Shape of the longitudinal curvature Fruit shape of curve Shape of a fruit (finger) in the middle of the bunch **subsume functional roots The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Leaf length - measurement Average damage to the corm weevils - computation Calculate as: the sum of Damage to inner corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to outer corm upper cross-section caused by weevils, Damage to inner corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, and Damage to outer corm lower cross-section caused by weevils, divided by the number of traits included in the sum, e.g. (25 + 36 + 18 + 20) / 4 = 24.8. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. PA Overall plant appearance Assessment by respondents of physical features of a plant by giving it a score on the preference scale Overall plant appearance Date of death - estimation Record the date of event. Visually observe the colour of the internal face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Colour of bract internal face - estimation Individual female respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Preference scoring scale female respondents Combined percentage with splitting pseudostem base Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. Count how many fingers are in the bunch. Number of fingers in bunch - counting peeper sucker numfingersouterwhorl2nddistalhand The number of fingers in the outer whorl of the second-most distal hand Number of fingers in outer whorl Number of fingers in outer whorl of 2nd-most distal hand Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options - estimation Record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection taking place at the time of data collection. Number of banana weevil adults How many banana weevil adults caught per trap. Number of banana weevil adults per trap color homogeneity scale 0-10 Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Colour of the external face Colour of bract external face Main colour of the first external unlifted bract external face Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf - estimation The third leaf (Leaf III) is counted from the last leaf produced before [x bunch emergence] [shooting]. Cut the petiole halfway between the pseudostem and the leaf blade and examine the cross section. [x Observe at flowering time]. Youngest leaf spotted The rank (order) of the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 leaf spot light-coloued dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. YLS Rank of youngest leaf spotted Calculate as: the Bunch weight multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, e.g. 48 * 1.09 = 52.32. Annual plant productivity - computation Average fruit pulp lateral diameter - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Fruit pulp lateral diameter measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (3.1 + 4.8 + 3.7 + 4.6 + 5.6 + 6.4) / 6 = 4.7. Count how many of the leaves are standing leaves (without a bent or broken petiole) Number of standing leaves - counting hardness scale 0-10 Gauhls modification of Stovers severity scoring system (YYYY) No. per 10g Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in roots Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per fresh root weight Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle, e.g. 24/11/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 335 days. Ratoon crop cycle - computation Number of standing leaves Number of standing leaves The number of leaves attached to the plant that have an erect petiole (not bent or broken). Press a piece of banana between the molars and appreciate the adhesion of the product Stickiness Sensory Texture method Combined weight The weight of all the hands of the bunch, excluding the rachis. totalfingerweight Total finger weight Petiole margins clasping Margins clasping or not clasping Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards yyyy/mm/dd Pseudostem height increase per leaf formed Growth pseudostemHeightIncreasePerFormedLeaf Stunting expressed as height growth per new formed leaf Date of data collection Date of data collection The date of data collection. datedatacoll BoiPlantnFirm Boiled plantain Boiled plantain Firmness Firmness Force required to obtain deformation, penetration or rupture of the banana Vitamin C content Vitamin C content The Vitamin C content of freeze-dried smashed pulp of a mature fruit Average thickness of the peel Average finger peel thickness avepeelthickness The average thickness of the peel of a finger. Visual estimation of fruit pendulance on a bunch, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Fruit pendulance - estimation Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 Number of banana weevil larvae measured How many banana weevil larvae used to obtain a measurement. Number of banana weevil larvae measured rachis appearance scale (1 to 5) Colour Petiole margin colour Main colour of the petiole margin. Where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Pseudostem height - estimation Recorded from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Record the date of event. Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B - estimation Calculate as: Bunch weight minus the sum of the Hand weight measurements coming from the count of number of hands (equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 50 - (2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8) = 10.0. Rachis weight - computation Calculate as: the Number of dead roots plus the Number of functional roots, e.g. 8 + 12 = 20 roots. Number of all roots - computation stickiness scale 0-10 Percentage of dead roots Percentage of dead roots The percentage of all roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant that are dead. Plant height - neck of peduncle - measurement Measure the distance from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, to under the neck of the curved peduncle, using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. rwcPlant Content Plant relative water content The relative water content in the whole plant Rank of oldest standing leaf Rank of oldest standing leaf The rank (order) of the oldest (most-distal) standing leaf (with an erect petiole). Total finger weight - hands - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Hand weight measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 2.4 + 3.6 + 3.2 + 4.1 + 4.0 + 3.9 + 3.6 + 3.3 + 3.3 + 2.9 + 2.9 + 2.8 = 40.0. Weight The weight of a hand. handweight Hand weight Weighing of water loss though system normalized by leaf area Water loss - measurement Ratoon crop cycle harvest2harvest Ratoon crop cycle The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the current crop cycle. The weight of multiple fingers. Weight multfingerweight Multiple finger weight bunch shape scale (1 to 5) Total finger weight - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight, minus the Rachis weight, e.g. 50 - 10 = 40. Record the date of event. Date of flowering - estimation Count how many fingers are used to obtain a measurement. Number of fingers measured - counting Matooke astringency MatAstr complex sensation, accompanied by shrinking, drawing or puckering of the skin or mucosal surface in the mouth, produced by substances such as kaki tannins or sloe tannins Astringency Matooke The number of hands in the bunch. Number of hands in bunch Number of hands numhands Average number of banana weevil adults per trap The average of how many adult banana weevils caught per trap. Average number of banana weevil adults Percentage coverage of petiole base by blotches. Blotches relative area at petiole base Blotch surface area Visually observe the fruit pulp colour and select the option in the colour chart that is most representative. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Fruit pulp colour - estimation Weevil larvae head capsule - measurement Measurement under microscope cm? fruit pedicel scale (1 to 3) Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand measurements from all the hands in the bunch (number equivalent to Number of hands in bunch), e.g. 16 + 17 + 19 + 18 + 19 + 18 + 17 + 17 + 16 + 14 + 14 + 13 = 198. Number of fingers in bunch - computation Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6 Number of dead roots - counting Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of dead roots. Start date and time of data collection - estimation Record the date and time of event. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 - computation Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 6. The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 g Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample describeofftype Description of how off-type Off-type description A description of what made the plant recogniseable as an off-type. Date and time of end of data collection The date and time of the end of data collection on a plant. End date and time of data collection dateendtimedatacoll Cause of damage Cause of damage The apparent cause of damage to the plant. causedamage Visual assessment. Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex Remains of flower relicts at apex Percentage of flower relicts at fruit apex Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of harvest. Number of plants harvested - computation plants dead/plants planted Apex shape Shape of the first external unlifted bract of the male bud Bract apex shape Fusarium wilt external symptoms scale The lateral (side to side) diameter of the pulp of a fruit. pulpdiam Lateral diameter of the pulp Fruit pulp lateral diameter Visually observe the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Male rachis type - estimation Open question Number of Rotylenchulus spp.per soil sample Population density Number of Rotylenchulus spp.in soil DIT Time elapsed from Bruns stage B of unrolling to Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 The time elapsed between a tagged cigar leaf at Bruns stage B of unrolling and the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1. Black leaf streak disease incubation time Presence absence 1 Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with female respondents Nematode species - estimation Identify the nematode species present in the banana plant root sample (Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita, ?) Fresh weight Pseudostem fresh weight A pseudostem weight trait which is the fresh weight of a pseudostem pseudostemFreshMass Faures stages of development of BLS disease scale (1987) Calculation from count Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation - computation Record the rank (order) of the second-most distal hand in the bunch, starting with the hand at the proximal end (closest to the pseudostem) of the bunch as 1 and continuing to the hand at the most distal end (closest to the male bud). Hand rank - counting finger The number of all leaves (including dried/dead/wilted/yellow) in a shoot system numLeaves Leaf number Number Finger external length The length of a finger measured along the external (dorsal) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. fingerextlength External length Overall bunch quality Quality The overall estimation of the bunch quality on a mat goodbunch Selection traits (text) Take a part of the sample between fingers and evaluate how hard the sample is Hardness in hand method The average lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. Average lateral diameter avefingerlatdiam Average finger lateral diameter Fruit pedical length - range - measurement Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the range. Mechanical property linked to cohesion and the presence of fine particles in the product during chewing BoiPlantnMeal Mealiness Boiled plantain Mealiness Boiled plantain The number of fingers in the third hand. Number of fingers Number of fingers in 3rd hand numfingers3rdhand Record the date of event. Date of weevil damage to corm assessment - estimation finger The time elapsed from flowering (when the last bracts fall from the most distal hand to display the female flowers) to the harvest of the bunch. Time from flowering to harvest Time from flowering to harvest flower2harvest Genotype selection traits Description of traits considered important in selection of third least genotype by respondents Selection criteria for genotype ranked third lowest by respondents g / mL Shape Shape of male bud Male bud shape yellowness scale 0-10 Visually observe the shape of the mature bunch on a fully developed plant that is not experiencing environmental stress and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.4.7. in the reference material. Bunch shape - estimation Measurement of system water loss between two timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Water loss rate - computation Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Genotype selection traits Selection criteria for genotype ranked second highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of second best genotype by respondents Male rachis appearance - estimation Visually observe the male rachis appearance and choose the option that is most similar. kg Matooke moisture MatMoistM Matooke Moisture in mouth perception of moisture content of a food by the tactile receptors in the mouth and also in relation to the lubricating properties of the product Growth Pseudostem height increase over time Height increase of pseudostem pseudostemHeightIncrease Leaf length - measurement The longest diagonal of a fitted ellips Boiled plantain Force required to peel off the fraction of product adhering to the interior of the oral cavity Stickiness Boiled plantain Stickiness BoiPlantnStic Researchers calculate the preference score by female respondents Preference score female respondents The presence/absence of a splitting pseudostem base, caused by Fusarium wilt. SP Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt Presence/absence of splitting plantcircumf100cm Plant circumference 100 cm from the collar Circumference 1 m above the ground The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 100 cm from the collar. Average actual annual yield Average actual annual yield actualannyield The average actual annual yield, taking into account the proportion of plants harvested, from the number of plants planted Root nematode density Number of nematodes per unit of fresh weight The number of nematode individuals per unit of fresh root weight. Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3 Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Growth leafAreaIncrease Leaf area increase over time Increase of leaf area Number of spotted leaves The number of leaves with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres, caused by black leaf streak disease. Number of spotted leaves Number of Pratylenchus spp. per fresh root weight Number of Pratylenchus spp. in roots Population density Nosal smell - estimation Nosal smell assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp aromas Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf - estimation Visually observe the pigmentation of the outer surface of the cigar leaf of a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession. [x Observation should be made before shooting, on a developed sucker or on another plant of the same accession.] Percentage damage to upper cross-section inner corm caused by weevils The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) upper cross-section, assessed by the percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Damage percent X-upper-inner Pigmentation of outer surface Colour of pigmentation on outer surface of cigar leaf on a developed sucker Pigmentation of outer surface of cigar leaf on sucker The length of a pseudostem Pseudostem length lengthPseudostem Length Weighing Fresh weight - measurement Winged petiole margin - estimation Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of roots versus whole plant dry mass ratio Root to whole plant mass ratio Ratio rootToPlantMassRatio_dry Peripheral damage caused by weevils Damage to periphery of peeled corm caused by weevils The percentage of damage to the periphery of the peeled corm, assessed by tunnels caused by weevils Record the date of event. Date of harvest - estimation Measure from the scar on the rachis until the beginning of the fruit. Record on the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. Tip: use string to measure or trace outline of fruit on paper. Record the exact value. Fruit pedicel length - exact value - measurement Uniformity of color of the surface of the sample Surface color homogeneity Matooke homogeneity of surface colour Matooke MatSurfHomColV Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. dd/mm/yyyy finger The dry weight of the whole plant. Dry weight plantDryMass Plant dry weight blotch color scale (1 to 4) Length of male bud from end of rachis to apex of the bud Length Male bud length Percentage of plants with yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 78 / 300 * 100 = 26%. Single leaf width Width The width of a leaf singleLeafWidth Black leaf streak disease severity An indication of the extent of damage on an individual leaf caused by black leaf streak disease. Black leaf streak disease severity BLS The weight of a finger. Weight Finger weight fingerweight Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in soil Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per soil sample totLeafLength The length of a leaf Total length of all leaves Length Identify the nematode stage, using the options. Nematode stage - estimation Nematode species Species present The nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Measurement under microscope Adult weevil head capsule - measurement Measurement under microscope Weevil larvae body weight - measurement Time from planting to shooting The time elapsed from planting to shooting (when the inflorescence emerges from the pseudostem and is still in an erect position). plant2shoot Time from planting to shooting Combined density of plants that are dead deathdens Death density The number of plants that are dead, in a defined area. Number of hands measured The number of hands used to obtain a measurement. numhandsmeas Number used to obtain a measurement Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of pumpkin-like aroma Pumpkin-like Aroma method Focus group discussion for second ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked second highest in preference ranking exercise Leaf area - measurement Top view image of a single leave INSL Index of non-spotted leaves Index of non-spotted leaves An index to express the proportion of standing leaves without the typical late-stage symptoms of black leaf streak disease, i.e. a black spot with a necrotic centre. This index provides an estimation of available photosynthetic leaf area prior to fruit filling and is a measure of resistance. It also corrects for the difference in the number of leaves produced by different types of bananas. day Number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the plant. Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus in soil Population density Number of Helicotylenchus multicinctus per soil sample Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection options pestdiseasesampleoptions Pest/disease assessment/sample collection options The options to record the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection done at the time of data collection. kg The presence/absence of petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. PC Presence/absence of collapse Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt bunch position scale(1 to 5) 5 pt corm discolouration scale kg/plant/y Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Date of appearance of external symptoms caused by Fusairum wilt The date of the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Date of weevil damage to corm assessment The date the assessment of weevil damage to the corm of the plant is conducted. Date of weevil damage assessment Leaf area difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Growth - computation Moisture in mouth method Put a part of the sample in the mouth, chew and evaluate the quantity of water within the sample. Number of sword suckers - counting Count how many sword suckers are in the mat. variable_of Stickiness in hand Matooke stickiness Matooke MatStickT mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to remove material that sticks to the mouth Average number of fingers in hand - hands - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in hand, divided by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (10 + 10 + 11 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 11 +12 + 12 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 11) / 16 = 10.8. open answer Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with male respondents []/cm Meredith and Lawrence (1969) - complete Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 2. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2 - computation Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third lowest ranked traits with female respondents Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt The extent of discolouration in the corm of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of discolouration A leaf weight trait which is the fresh weight of a leaf Fresh weight Leaf fresh weight leafFreshMass mm kg Appearance of flowers/bracts on the male rachis Appearance in relation to the presence or absence of neutral, male and/or hermaphrodite flowers Male rachis appearance Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting or the Date of harvest of the bunch from the plant of the previous crop cycle and the Date of first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible. Plant circumference at collar - measurement Number of Radopholus similis per soil sample Population density Number of Radopholus similis in soil Death density - computation Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Death proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.17 = 283. The date and time of the start of data collection on a plant. Start date and time of data collection datestarttimedatacoll Date and time of start of data collection Select at random five functional primary roots, at least 10 cm long. Reduce the length of the five selected roots to 10 cm and slice through the roots length-wise. Evaluate one half of each of the five roots for the percentage of root cortex showing necrosis. The maximum root necrosis per root half can be 20 %, giving a maximum root necrosis of 100 % for the five halves together. Mentally determine the necrosis of the individual roots (1 to 5) and sum these together to get the total root necrosis of the sample. Root necrosis caused by nematodes - estimation Count how many water suckers are in the mat. Number of water suckers - counting hands Calculate as: the Number of plants planted, minus the Number of plants dead, minus the Number of plants harvested, e.g. 24 - 4 - 18 = 2. Number of plants not harvested - computation Volume waterLossSystPerLeafArea The amount of water loss in the system normalized by the leaf area System water loss per leaf area Mealiness scale 0-10 Calculation of preference score by respondents Preference score PS Overall plant appearance BD colour chart B - 1996 Cause of death - estimation Record the apparent cause of death of the plant, e.g. strong winds, Fusarium wilt, etc. Description of traits considered important in selection of second least genotype by respondents Selection criteria for genotype ranked second lowest by respondents Genotype selection traits Number of adult larvae - counting Visual counting method Black leaf streak disease severity - estimation Visually observe and record the amount of the surface area of a standing leaf that is affected by black leaf streak disease. Plant circumference 75 cm - measurement Measure the circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar, or from the pseudostem base at the ground if the collar is not visible, using a tape measure. Number of fingers in 2nd hand - counting Count how many fingers are in the third hand. Visually observe the colour of the external face of the first unlifted bract. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Colour of bract external face - estimation rachis type scale (1 to 2) Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of flowering to the Date of harvest, e.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/10/2014 = 61 days. Time from flowering to harvest - computation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Where root knot nematode galls are present, determine the extent of the galling using the scale. Nematode root knot galling extent - estimation A root weight trait which is the fresh weight of a root Fresh weight rootFreshMass Root fresh weight Nematode reproduction factor (microplot screening) Nematode multiplication from single root inoculation of 50 nematodes per 8 cm length after 12 weeks Population density Matooke smoothness MatSmoothM geometrical textural attribute relating to lack of presence of particles in a product Smoothness in mouth Matooke Number of fruits on mid-hand of the bunch - counting Count only fully developed fruit. If there is an even number of hands, there will be two middle hands. Count the middle hand that developed first. Harvest the bunch by cutting the peduncle 10 cm above the first ridge above the most proximal, hand and immediately below the most distal hand and weigh the bunch (including the rachis), using scales. Bunch weight - measurement leaves/week Measure the length of a finger, along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger internal length - measurement hand Average weight The average weight of the fingers. avefingerweight Average finger weight Banana pest disease % Put in the mouth a piece of banana and Evaluate the force necessary to obtain the deformation of the product between the teeth during the first compression Firmness Sensory Texture method Observe visually the colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath. Blotches colour - estimation Behaviour of the petiole margins - winged or not winged. the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards Petiole margins winged Wing presence Selection criteria for genotype ranked third highest by respondents Description of traits considered important in selection of third best genotype by respondents Genotype selection traits Mealiness Sensory Texture method Put a piece of banana in your mouth and assess the presence of mealiness particles during chewing (Plant Fresh Weight - Plant Dry Weight) / Plant Fresh Weight Water content - computation Fresh plant growth Fresh mass accumulation over time Growth growthFresh The number of sword suckers (suckers with narrow leaves and a large rhizome) in the mat. Number of sword suckers numswordsuckers Number of sword suckers avefingerintlength The average length of the fingers measured along the internal (ventral) arc, excluding the pedicel and the fruit tip. Average internal length Average finger internal length Calculate as: the length of a year (e.g. 365 days) divided by the Plant crop cycle or the Ratoon crop cycle, e.g. 365 / 334 = 1.09. Annual crop cycle proportion - computation Monthly leaf emission rate LER Monthly leaf emission rate A rate that expresses the number of leaves that have emerged from the pseudostem in a month. Peripheral damage - measurement Visual observation Measurement under microscope Weevil larvae body length - measurement Gram accumulated biomass per volume water transpired Transpiration efficiency - computation fruit length scale (1 to 5) Overall suckering quality Sucker quality The overall estimation of sucker quality on a mat suckering The color of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Colour Fruit smashed pulp colour The overall estimation of fruit parthenocarpy level on a bunch Parthenocarpy goodfruitfill Parthenocarpy Date of flowering The date the last bracts fall from the most distal hand (closest to the male bud) to display the female flowers. Date of flowering dateflower Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of death. Number of plants dead - computation numwatersuckers Number of water suckers Number of water suckers The number of water suckers (suckers with broad leaves, a small rhizome, and a weak connection to the plant) in the mat. Electronic weighing method Adult weevil body - measurement Combined proportion of plants harvested Harvest proportion harvprop The proportion of plants that are harvested, from the number of plants planted. Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 3. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3 - computation BD colour chart A - 2016 harvest2death Time from harvest to death The time elapsed from the harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceding crop cycle to the death of the plant from the current crop cycle. Time from harvest to death 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement numFuncLeaves The number of functional leaves (greenness>50%) in a shoot system Functional leaf number Number mg Calculate as: the sum of the Number of fingers in 3rd hand and the Number of fingers in 2nd-most distal hand, divided by 2, and multiplied by the Number of hands in bunch, e.g. (16 + 12) / 2 * 8 = 112. Number of fingers in bunch - estimation Time from planting to first youngest spotted leaf - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of first youngest leaf spotted, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 151 days. The amount of water loss in the system over time System water loss Volume waterLossSyst Damage to lower outer corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. bract imbrication scale (1 to 3) Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5 Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 5. Weigh multiple fingers together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of fingers measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Multiple finger weight - measurement potannyield The average potential annual yield, assuming that all plants are harvested, from the number of plants planted. Average potential annual yield Average potential annual yield Ratio - computation Ratio of leaf dry mass versus plant dry mass 1 to 5 acceptability score firmness scale 0-10 Weighing of water loss though plant between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Water loss - measurement Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample datedamage The date damage to the plant is first observed. Date of damage Date of damage Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 67 / 300 * 100 = 22%. The thickness of the peel of a finger. peelthickness Thickness of the peel Finger peel thickness Plant fresh weight Fresh weight plantFreshMass A plant weight trait which is the fresh weight of a plant Number of banana weevil traps used How many banana weevil traps used. How many handid2ndmostdistal Rank The rank (order) of a the second-most distal hand in the bunch. Hand rank of 2nd-most distal hand Calculate as: the Number of dead roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 8 / 20 * 100 = 40 % dead roots. Percentage of dead roots - computation The smoothness-mouth feel of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Smoothness-mouth feel Fruit unsmashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel BD colour chart A - 2016 The time elapsed from the start of the crop cycle to the appearance on the plant of any of the external disease symptoms - - yellowing leaves, splitting pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Time from start of crop cycle to first external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Time from start of crop cycle to appearance of external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Proportion of crop cycle that takes place in one year Annual crop cycle proportion The proportion of the crop cycle that takes place in one year. anncropcycprop Matooke-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of matoke-like aroma Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with petiole collapse Percentage of plants with petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Percentage of plants with petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. Number of peeper suckers - counting Count how many peeper suckers are in the mat. numdead Number of plants dead The number of plants that are dead. Combined number of plants that are dead Growth - computation Dry weight difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) smoothness scale 0-10 multiplication factor Tallest sucker number of functional leaves Number of functional leaves tallsuckererfunctleaves The number of leaves on the tallest sucker that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Visual counting method of Weevils per trap (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long) Number of adult weevils - counting Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Measure for the biomass allocation: dry mass of leaves versus whole plant dry mass ratio Ratio leafToPlantMassRatio_dry Leaf to whole plant mass ratio Finger lateral diameter - measurement Measure the lateral diameter of a finger from the left to the right side (not from the ventral to the dorsal side), at the widest point, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Cut multiple hands from the rachis and weigh them together, using scales. Associate the data with the Hank rank and the Number of hands measured. Multiple hand weight - measurement Ratio of projected leaf area to the actual leaf area, measure for the compactness of the plant crown Ratio leafAreaRatio Leaf area to plant area ratio Black leaf streak disease severity index - computation Calculate as: ((((Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0, multiplied by 0), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, multiplied by 1), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 2, multiplied by 2), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 3, multiplied by 3), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4, multiplied by 4), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 5, multiplied by 5), plus (Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 6, multiplied by 6)), divided by the number of grades in the scale minus 1 (i.e. 7-1)), divided by the Number of standing leaves), multiplied by 100. For example, ((((3 * 0) + (1 * 1) + (1 * 2) + (3 * 3) + (5 * 4) + (0 * 5) + (0 * 6)) / 6) / 13) * 100 = ((32 / 6) / 13) * 100 = 41. Water content - computation (Pseudostem Fresh Weight - Pseudostem Dry Weight) / Pseudostem Fresh Weight fruit relicts scale (1 to 3) Sucker quality - estimation Visual estimation of suckering, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Male rachis position - estimation Visually observe the male rachis position (the part between the last hand and the male bud) and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 schematic drawings of descriptor 6.4.12 in the reference material. Record the date and time of event. End date and time of data collection - estimation leaves/month Record the rank of the previously marked leaf (the leaf that was marked in the Rank of marked youngest leaf during the last data collection), counting the leaf rank by starting with the newest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards. Associate the data with the Date of data collection. Rank of previously marked leaf - counting waterLossPlant Volume Plant water loss The amount of water loss through the plant over time Record the date of event. Date of shooting - estimation Boiled plantain Boiled plantain Chewiness Chewiness Energy or number of chews necessary to chew the banana to make it ready to be swallowed BoiPlantnChew Finger peel thickness - measurement Cut a finger in half, crosswise at its widest point, and on the cross-section measure the width of the peel, using calipers. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Damage to lower inner corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at 10 cm below the collar (lower cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Average finger circumference - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger circumference measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (7.0 + 8.0 + 9.0 + 10.0 + 7.0 + 9.5) / 6 = 8.4. Number of functional roots Number The number of functional roots in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Projected top area Area topLeafArea The projected leaf area of a plant (photosynthetic surface) No. per 100ml Put a part of the sample in the mouth and evaluate the intensity of the sourness Sourness method wing presence/absence and clasping presence/absence scale 1 to 5 Preference score individual respondents Researchers calculate the preference score by respondents Circumference The circumference of a finger. Finger circumference fingercircumf fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 5) Visual estimation of a fruit fill, (or parthenocarpic) for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Fruit parthenocarpy - estimation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 334 days. Plant crop cycle - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of harvest of the bunch of the plant from the preceeding crop cycle and the Date of death of the current plant, e.g. 24/03/2015 - 24/12/2014 = 90 days. Time from harvest to death - computation Population density Number of Hoplolaimus spp. in roots Number of Hoplolaimus spp. per fresh root weight Count how many of the standing leaves are spotted (with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), considering all leaves in between and inclusive of, the youngest leaf and the oldest standing leaf. Number of spotted leaves - counting Combined percentage with external symptoms of Fusarium wilt Percentage of plants with external disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the external disease symptoms - yellowing leaves, splitting of pseudostem base, changes in new leaves, petiole collapse, caused by Fusarium wilt. Fruit smashed pulp smoothness-mouth feel The smoothness-mouth feel of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Smoothness-mouth feel Area Leaf area singleLeafArea The area of a leaf maiden sucker Actual annual yield - computation Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Harvest density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,250 = 68.13. Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for top traits with male respondents For the tallest sucker, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt Banana weevil adult average body weight Average body weight The average weight of a banana weevil adult body. Number of functional roots - counting Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. Count the number of functional roots. Estimate maturity stage of the bunch. Bunch maturity stage - estimation Fruit unsmashed pulp taste The taste of the unsmashed pulp of a mature fruit Taste Number of leaves with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4 The number of leaves on a plant with a black leaf streak disease severity grade of 4. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 4 Number of plants planted - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Date of planting. Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with female respondents Moistness scale 0-10 Compound tepal main colour - estimation The following flower descriptors refer to the flowers at the axil of the first external unlifted bract. Fresh material must be used (make the observation as soon as you detach the bract/flower from the rachis). Visually observe the colour of the backside middle of tepal. Use colour chart B and observe out of direct sunlight. Average circumference The average circumference of the fingers. Average finger circumference avefingercircumf Number of Meloidogyne spp. in roots Population density Number of Meloidogyne spp. per fresh root weight Rachis weight - measurement Cut the hands off the rachis and weigh the rachis, using scales. height score (1 to 3) Calculate as: the Bunch weight divided by 1,000, multiplied by the Annual crop cycle proportion, multiplied by the Plant density, e.g. (50 / 1,000) * 1.09 * 1,667 = 90.85. Potential annual yield - computation Record the date of event. Date of recognising off-type - estimation Visual counting method Number of weevil larvae - counting Number of fingers measured numfingersmeas The number of fingers used to obtain a measurement. Number used to obtain a measurement Calculate as: the Number of plants not harvested, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 2 / 24 = 0.08. Non-harvest proportion - computation Visually observe the fusion of pedicels and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.7.11. in the reference materials. Observe before they join the rachis at the bract scar. Look upwards from the bottom of the bunch. Fusion of pedicels - estimation Black leaf streak disease evolution time - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 and the Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 1, e.g. 24/06/2014 - 24/04/2014 = 61 days. Put a part of the sample between thumb and index fingers and using tapping motions, evaluate the amount of product adhering on them Stickiness in hand method Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Presence or absence of colour line along edge of petiole margin Presence Colour line along edge of petiole margin Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape Male bud shoulder - computation Angle between the axis of the bunch and the vertical Angle to the vertical Bunch position Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Visual assessment. Matooke Surface yellowness intensity Color of the surface of the sample from light yellow to bright yellow Matooke surface yellowness intensity MatSurfYellV Time elapsed between planting and the appearance of the first youngest leaf spotted. Time from planting to first youngest leaf spotted Time elapsed from planting to first youngest leaf spotted plantcircumfcollar The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at the collar. Circumference at collar Plant circumference at collar Ratio of pseudostem dry mass versus plant dry mass Ratio - computation Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Rotylenchulus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method deathprop The proportion of plants that are dead, from the number of plants planted. Combined proportion of plants that are dead Death proportion Record the relative surface area coverage by blotches. [x Look at several plants if possible to get an overall idea. Observe at flowering time]. Blotches area - estimation Damage percent X-lower-outer Percentage damage to lower cross-section outer corm caused by weevils The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Vitamin C - measurement Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of petiole collapse caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 84 / 300 * 100 = 28%. Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Record on the last developed leaf at [x flowering stage] [shooting]. Colour line along edge of petiole margin - estimation The amount of damage to the outer corm (cortex) upper cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Damage percent X-upper-outer Percentage damage to upper cross-section outer corm caused by weevils pulp colour Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Visually observe the fruit apex point and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.6 in the reference material. Fruit apex point - estimation Focus group discussion for third ranked traits with male respondents Focus group discussion with male respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked third highest in preference ranking exercise Record the rank (order) of the youngest leaf spotted (the first fully unfurled leaf with at least 10 discrete, mature, necrotic lesions or one large necrotic area with 10 light-coloured dry centres), counting the rank by starting with the youngest completely unrolled leaf as 1 and moving downwards, associating the data with the Date of data collection. Youngest leaf spotted - counting moldability scale 0-10 Detach the outermost sheath from the pseudostem (the sheath should not be too dry). Record the overall impression of colour of the exposed surface of the underlying pseudostem. Note that this main colour should cover more than 75% of the underlying pseudostem surface. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Pseudostem colour - estimation bract apex scale (1 to 5) Percentage of plants with a splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Calculate as: the sum of the number of values for Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt scored as Present, divided by the Number of plants planted, multiplied by 100, e.g. 24 / 300 * 100 = 8%. Count how many hands are used to obtain a measurement. Number of hands measured - counting Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Focus group discussion for lowest ranked traits with female respondents Date of data collection - estimation Record the date of event. mL Main colour of the first external unlifted bract internal face Colour of bract internal face Colour of the internal face Focus group discussion for second lowest ranked traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was second ranked lowest in preference ranking exercise Damage to upper inner corm weevils - measurement Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Number of functional leaves The number of leaves on the plant that have 50 % or more of the leaf surface area as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue. Number of functional leaves functleaves Nematode root knot galling presence - estimation Collect all roots from a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Divide the collected roots into two categories: dead roots, functional roots. Dead roots are completely rotten or shrivelled whereas functional roots show at least some healthy tissue. From the functional roots, randomly select five primary roots that are at least 10 cm, and reduce their length to 10 cm. Determine the presence/absence of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. bract apex scale (1 to 4) Bract behaviour before falling Behaviour before falling, whether revolute or not revolute Behaviour of the last lifted bract - revolute or not revolute Hand weight - measurement Cut a hand from the rachis and weigh the hand, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. Rating of external symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the field - estimation Visual assessment. How many banana weevil larvae caught per trap. Number of banana weevil larvae Number of banana weevil larvae per trap The date a youngest leaf spotted is first observed on the plant, caused by black leaf streak disease. Date of first youngest leaf spotted Date of first youngest leaf spotted blotch color scale (1 to 5) Lobe colour of tip of compound tepal Main colour of the tip of the compound tepal (lobe) Lobe colour at tip of the tepal Pest/disease assessment/sample collection description Pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection description A description of the pest and/or disease assessment and/or sample collection being done at the time of data collection. pestdiseasesampledescription plants not harvested/plants planted Growth - computation Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of shooting to the Date of harvest. E.g. 24/12/2014 - 24/09/2014 = 91 days. Time from shooting to harvest - computation Average weight Average hand weight avehandweight The average weight of the hands. The dry weight of the root system Dry weight Root dry weight rootDryMass Chlorosis leafChlorosis Leaf chlorosis Leaf trait correlated to the health stage of the leaf Visual assessment. Rating of internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt in the greenhouse - estimation Time from planting to death Time from planting to death plant2death The time elapsed from planting to the death of the plant. Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (4 - 1) / 1 month = LER of 3 leaves/month during a particular time period. Monthly leaf emission rate - computation Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with internal symptoms of Fusarium wilt The percentage of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem, caused by Fusarium wilt. Cut a transverse cross section of the corm at the collar (upper cross-section). Score weevil damage (galleries) as percentage damage on the side of the cross-section that was facing the ground, downwards. Damage to upper outer corm weevils - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry Dry weight - measurement Stickiness scale 0-10 Multiple number of fingers in hand Number of fingers The number of fingers in multiple hands. multnumfingshand Leaf area ratio - computation Computation of top leaf area with total (loose) leaf area Apex point Fruit apex point Description of fruit apex Finger lateral diameter Lateral diameter fingerlatdiam The lateral (side to side) diameter of a finger. Length of the fruit pedicel from rachis to the beginning of the pulp Fruit pedicel length Length Firmness in mouth method Put a part of the sample in your mouth, evaluate during the first bite (between molars) how hard is the sample. Matooke moldability Matooke MatMolT Moldability in hand mechanical textural attribute relating to the degree to which a substance can be deformed before it breaks Record the date of event. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 - estimation Calculate as: the Rank of previously marked leaf at one point in time, minus 1 (equivalent to the Rank of marked youngest leaf), divided by the time elapsed between the two Date of data collection events when the marked leaf was recorded as 1) the Rank of marked youngest leaf and 2) the Rank of previously marked leaf, e.g. (2 - 1) / 1 week = LER of 1 leaves/week during a particular time period. Weekly leaf emission rate - computation The circumference of the pseudostem of the plant at 75 cm from the collar. Plant circumference 75 cm from the collar plantcircumf75cm Circumference 75 cm above the ground water suckers Put a part of the sample in mouth, chew it and after 5 chews, evaluate between tongue and palate the number and the size of the particles. Smoothness in mouth method Index of non-spotted leaves - computation Calculate as: 100 multiplied by (Youngest leaf spotted, minus 1), divided by Number of standing leaves, e.g. 100 * (6 - 1) / 12 = 42. Date of damage - estimation Record the date of event. avenumfingshand Average number of fingers Average number of fingers in hand The average number of fingers in a hand. Sweetness scale 0-10 Cut the hands off from the rachis and weigh all the hands together, using scales. Total finger weight - measurement Root knot nematode galling estnumfingers The estimated number of fingers in the bunch based on a calculation using the number of fingers in the third and second-most distal hands and the number of hands in the bunch. Number of fingers Calculated number of fingers in bunch crop cycle duration/year Male rachis position Angle of the part of the rachis between the last hand and the male bud Angle of the rachis between last hand and male bud plants harvested/plants planted Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 1. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 1 - computation Researchers calculate the preference score by male respondents Preference score male respondents mL / cm? Dry weight - measurement 80?C, for 14 days, or longer untill dry The lifecycle stage(s) of the nematode species found in the banana plant root sample. Nematode lifecycle stage Lifecycle stages present nonharvprop Non-harvest proportion Combined proportion of plants not harvested The proportion of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), from the number of plants planted. Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Observation should be made at shooting on the neck, where the petiole and pseudostem meet. Margin is the part of the petiole that can be bent outwards/inwards. [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin clasping - estimation fruit apex scale (1 to 5) The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development), in a defined area. Non-harvest density Combined density of plants not harvested nonharvdens plant For the plant, the complete corm should be removed from the soil, the roots cut off and excess soil removed. Cross-sections of the corm should be cut (using a guillotine or other suitable device) to obtain five slices of equal thickness. The upper surface of each cut section should be examined and visually evaluate the extent of the vascular discolouration. Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt Blotches colour at the petiole base Main colour Colour of the blotches on the upper leaf sheath of the petiole base. Measure the circumference of a finger at its widest point, using a tape measure. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. Finger circumference - measurement Banana weevil larvae average body length Average body length The average length of a weevil larvae body, from the head to the tip of the abdomen. Combined density of plants planted plantdens The number of plants that are planted, in a defined area. Plant density Nematode egg-laying females extent - estimation Collect all roots from a standard size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Take only roots from the selected plant. Carefully wash the soil from the roots with tap water. Cut the roots into 1 cm pieces. Take a subsample of 5 g, add 100 ml distilled water and store the roots at 4 degrees Celsius. Stain the egg masses by immersing the roots in 0.15 g/L phloxine B for 15 mins. Count the number of egg-laying females under a stereo microscope. nematode lifecycle stages The average percentage of damage in the whole corm (the inner corm and the outer corm) caused by weevils. Average percentage damage to the corm caused by weevils Damage percent X-average Percentage of functional roots - computation Calculate as: the Number of functional roots divided by the Number of all roots, multiplied by 100, e.g. 12 / 20 * 100 = 60 % functional roots. Body weight The weight of a banana weevil adult weevil body. Banana weevil adult body weight 2 pt scale Number of nematodes in soil Nematode population density by species in soil Population density Tallest sucker number of functional leaves - counting Count how many functional leaves (leaves that have 50% or more of their surface as green, healthy, photosynthetic tissue) are on the tallest sucker. aroma scale 0-10 Number of plants not harvested numnotharv Combined number of plants not harvested The number of plants that are alive but not harvested (e.g. due to slow or poor development). Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Combined percentage with changes in new leaves Percentage of plants with changes in new leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. Banana weevil larvae body length The length of a weevil larvae body, from the weevil larvae head to the tip of the abdomen. Body length Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae) per unit fresh root weight - method Count how many fingers are in multiple hands. Associate the data with the Hand rank and the Number of hands measured. The recommendation is to collect this data from the second and second-most distal hands. Multiple number of fingers in hand - counting The width of a banana weevil adult weevil head. Banana weevil adult head capsule width Head capsule width Black leaf streak disease evolution time DET Time elapsed from Foures black leaf streak disease severity scale 1 to 6 The time elapsed between the development of black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 1, to 6. bud shape scale (1 to 5) leaf Extent of internal discolouration in corm of plant caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Ex: g/100 mL juice???? BD colour chart A - 1996 bract behaviour scale (1 to 2) Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation The extent to which vascular discolouration extends up the pseudostem of the tallest sucker should be determined by making cross-section cuts, from the base of the pseudostem upwards, and examining the internal tissues following each cut. The point at which discolouration is no longer visible should be noted and the distance from this point to the pseudostem base recorded. Extent of root knot nematodes The extent of root knot nematodes, observed externally as galls on the roots. Nematode root knot galling extent hand bud size scale (1 to 3) bunchmaturity Bunch maturity stage at harvest The stage of maturity of the bunch at harvest. Stage of maturity at harvest harvdens The number of plants that are harvested, in a defined area. Harvest density Combined density of plants harvested Margin behaviour on petiole canal of third leaf Behaviour Margin behaviour of the petiole canal of the third leaf before bunch. Focus group discussion for top traits with female respondents Focus group discussion with female respondents, to discuss selection traits of genotype that was ranked highest in preference ranking exercise Number of hands in bunch - counting Count how many hands are in the bunch. Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Non-harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.08 = 133. Non-harvest density - computation Fusion of pedicels Degree of fusion of the pedicels before they join the rachis Fusion Bunch shape Shape Shape of the fully developed bunch on a plant Number The total number of all roots (both dead and functional) in a standard-size excavation of 20 x 20 x 20 cm extending outwards from the corm of the plant. Number of all roots Mechanical textural attribute relating to the force required to achieve a given deformation, penetration, or breakage of a product. Matooke Matooke firmness MatFirmM Firmness in mouth On the tallest sucker, measure the distance from the pseudostem base at the ground to the intersection of the petioles of the two youngest leaves (leaf ranks 1 and 2), using a measuring pole or sliding ruler. Tallest sucker height - measurement Population density Number of Radopholus similis in roots Number of Radopholus similis per fresh root weight Number of plants planted The number of plants that are planted. Combined number of plants planted numplanted leaf rank Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin colour - estimation Finger weight - measurement Weigh a finger, using scales. Associate the data with the Hand rank. The recommendation is to collect this data from six fingers in total - three fingers in the middle of the outer whorl from the second hand and from the second-most distal hand. dwarfism Preference scale Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) per unit fresh root weight -method Count from 10 g of chopped roots from the tested banana plant sample Death proportion - computation Calculate as: the Number of plants dead, divided by the Number of plants planted, e.g. 4 / 24 = 0.17. Ratio of root dry mass versus plant dry mass Ratio - computation Taste - estimation Subjective taste assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Calculate as: the sum of values with a Black leaf streak disease severity grade of 0. Number of leaves with black leaf streak disease severity grade 0 - computation fusion of pedicel scale (1 to 2) Population density Number of Pratylenchus coffeae per soil sample Number of Pratylenchus coffeae in soil Observations on the margins and petiole wings should be made where the petiole and pseudostem meet at shooting. Use colour chart A and observe out of direct sunlight. Record the colour of the margin (general colour is below the rim). [x Observe at flowering time.] Petiole margin colour - estimation Growth - computation Leaf area increase between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) per number of new leaves formed between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Visual assessment. Presence of splitting pseudostem base caused by Fusarium wilt - estimation Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Pratylenchus goodeyi) per unit fresh root weight - method Male bud shape - computation Calculate the ratio w/y, i.e. the broadest width of the male bud to the total length of the male bud. Do not measure the dimensions along the bud but rather on a projection/outline of the bud (e.g. trace the outline of the bud on paper) and use ruler or measuring tape. Index of non-spotted leaves The presence/absence of yellowing leaves, caused by Fusarium wilt. YL Presence of yellowing leaves caused by Fusarium wilt Presence/absence of yellowing Egg-laying female root knot nematode Length [x at maturity] Length of the internal arc of a finger ** subsume Fruit length Leaf chlorosis - computation Ratio of non green to green plant pixels Plant state description - estimation Record a description of the state of the plant. sweetness scale 0-10 Grassy-like Aroma method Put a part of the product and by retro-olfaction evaluate the presence and the intensity of grassy-like aroma Damage percent X-lower-inner Percentage damage to lower cross-section inner corm caused by weevils The amount of damage to the inner corm (central cylinder) lower cross-section, assessed by percentage of tunnels caused by weevils. Index of black leaf streak disease severity leaf rank Number of nematodes (Hoplolaimus spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Combined number of plants harvested Number of plants harvested numharv The number of plants that are harvested. Bract imbrication at apex of male bud - estimation Visually observe the bract imbrication of the apex of the male bud and choose the option that is most similar, from the 3 photos of descriptor 6.5.3 in the reference material. Dwarfism - estimation Visual estimation of dwarfism, for Early Evaluation Trial stage only. Count the number of leaves (functional only > 50% estimated green area) Leaf number - counting numsuckers The number of all types of suckers in the mat. Number of suckers Number of all types of suckers Finger feel - estimation Finger feel assessment of smashed and unsmashed fruit pulp Ratio of belowground (root) to aboveground (shoot) dry mass Ratio - computation causedeath Cause of death Cause of death The cause of death of the plant. Manual height measurement Length - measurement fruit curve shape (scale 1 to 6) Number of adult weevil trap - counting Visual counting method of Weevil traps (the trap should be minimum 30 cm long). Average head capsule width Banana weevil larvae average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil larvae head capsule. Calculate as: the Plant density multiplied by the Harvest proportion, e.g. 1,667 * 0.75 = 1,250. Harvest density - computation Visually observe the shape of the curve of the fruit and choose the option that is most similar, from the 5 photos of descriptor 6.7.4. in the reference material. Observe the inner fruit in the middle of the mid-hand of the bunch. In case of an asymmetric bunch that has straight and curved fruits, please indicate it in the note section and score only the fruit on the upper side of the bunch. Fruit shape of curve - estimation Compound tepal main colour Main colour of the backside of the compound tepal Main colour The date of death of the plant. datedeath Date of death Date of death Number of Pratylenchus spp. in soil Number of Pratylenchus spp. per soil sample Population density petiole-margin contrast Once the flavors are detected, moisture is felt by turning the product in the mouth Moistness Mouth impression method numpeepersuckers Number of peeper suckers Number of peeper suckers The number of peeper suckers (suckers less than 15 cm tall) in the mat. The date the plant is first recognised as an off-type. Date of recognising off-type dateofftype Date of recognising off-type % Behaviour of male rachis - truncated or present. Truncated means there is no bract scar below the last hand. Present means there is a degenerated or persistent male bud Male rachis type Presence Plant spacing - computation Calculate as: multiply the distance of the spacing between the plants, both latitudinally and longitudinally, e.g. 2 m x 3 m = 6 m2. Date of tagging at Bruns stage B of unrolling The date a tagged cigar leaf is at Bruns stage B of unrolling. Date of tagged cigar leaf unrolling at Bruns stage B Visually observe the remains, or not, of flower relicts at the finger apex, and choose the option that is most similar, from the 4 photos of descriptor 6.7.7 in the reference materials. Remains of flower relicts at fruit apex - estimation Time from planting to death - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of death, e.g. 24/05/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 120 days. Daily rate of water loss The average daily water loss Rate waterLossDay Number of Meloidogyne spp. in soil Population density Number of Meloidogyne spp. per soil sample clasping or not clasping The pulp aroma of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Fruit smashed pulp aroma/smell Aromas Time from planting to shooting - computation Calculate as: the time elapsed between the Date of planting and the Date of shooting. E.g. 24/09/2014 - 24/01/2014 = 243 days. Growth - computation Pseudostem height difference between timepoints (refer to experimental metadata) Date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6 The date a tagged leaf presents black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures black leaf streak disease severity grade 6. Date of tagged leaf presenting black leaf streak disease symptoms at Foures stage 6 Count from 100 ml of soil sample Number of nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) per unit fresh root weight - method roots astringency scale 0-10 scale_of Distance from the base of the pseudostem to the emerging point of the peduncle. Height Pseudostem height Dwarfism of plants dwarfism The presence or absence of dwarfism on a mat Dwarfism The texture of the smashed pulp of a mature fruit Texture Fruit smashed pulp texture Individual respondents give the plant one of three possible scoring cards: Like, Dont know, Dont like. Men and women use different colors of scoring cards. Preference scoring scale individual respondents Calculate as: the sum of the number of plants with any or multiple of the internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - discolouration in the corm, and/or discolouration in the pseudostem - divided by the Number of plants planted * 100, e.g. 108 / 300 * 100 = 36%. Percentage of plants with internal disease symptoms caused by Fusarium wilt - computation Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi in soil Number of Pratylenchus goodeyi per soil sample Population density bud shape scale (1 to 3) Number of hands on whole bunch Number of hands Number of hands on bunch **subsume Banana weevil larvae average body weight The average weight of a banana weevil larvae body. Average body weight Number of nematodes (Helicotylenchus multicinctus) per unit fresh root weight - method Count from 100 ml of soil sample Average finger external length - computation Calculate as: the sum of the Finger external length measurements, divided by the number of those measurements, e.g. (30 + 34 + 32 + 33 + 33 + 31) / 6 = 32.1. Distance of discolouration Distance of internal discolouration in pseudostem of plant caused by Fusarium wilt The distance of discolouration in the pseudostem of the plant, caused by Fusarium wilt. m2 Taste method Sweetness Put a piece of banana in your mouth, chew it and swirl it around your tongue to detect the sweet flavor rachis angle scale (1 to 2) Number of banana weevil adults measured Number of adult weevils measured How many banana weevil adults used to obtain a measurement. wing presence/absence Average head capsule width Banana weevil adult average head capsule width The average width of a banana weevil adult head. sourness scale 0-10 Extent of internal discolouration in corm of tallest sucker caused by Fusarium wilt The extent of discolouration in the corm of the tallest sucker, caused by Fusarium wilt. Extent of discolouration Alignment of bracts at the apex of the male bud Imbrication Bract imbrication at apex of male bud Rank of previously marked leaf The current rank (position) of the leaf that was previously marked as the youngest leaf at the time of the last data collection event. rankprevleaf Rank method_of