EndoT_E_1to5 CIRAD ET_1_5 JF Rami 1 green ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Tst_CompRank_Rk3 CIRAD InterNodZ2RedArea_Z2RA_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleDW_DWPool_g GCov_E_0to9 GlmOp_E_0to2 Clarisse Barot GLUMOP_0_2 INERA ICRISAT/IER Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme W100G_g GW_100grnM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleFW_FWPoolM_g 5 41 - 50% damage CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodCFDM_CFDMNIRS_pct CIRAD CIRAD MnShoStmSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise JF Rami CIRAD StmDMYld_C_kgha ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure GrSzUs_CompRank_Rk5 GDYD_pct IER Mali Niaba Teme GDecYld_C_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDiaMax_InterNodDiaMaxM_mm 1 Thin pericarp CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodCPDM_KjdlCPNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PhytomLng_LngM_cm JF Rami/D Pot Hvst_date_ymd CIRAD 6 NA 3 †Well-exserted (>10 cm between ligule and inflorescence base) Hd_date_ymd HD_date_ymd CIRAD GDMC_M_pct JF Rami 5 Very Good CIRAD PerThk_E_0to2 JF Rami PERTH_0_2 CIRAD MnShoStmStructDen_StmStructDen_gcm3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure PcleLng_CompRank_Rk3 InterNodZ2FW_FWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2RedArea_Z2RAM_mm2 CIRAD GStdYld_C_kgplot JF Rami CIRAD Very Good 5 CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoLigDM_VSADLDMNIRS_pct CIRAD JF Rami PcleDMYld_C_kgha 2 Low StmLng_M_cm CIRAD JF Rami/D Pot GSz_E_1to5 Jayashree B SSZE_1_5 ICRISAT Middle rank 2 Very Late for the Zone 5 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure StGr_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob EPcleNo_Ct_pclePlot NEP_pcle ICRISAT/IER Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme Mkt__CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure NDLT_1_5 Jayashree B NdlTNo_E_tllr ICRISAT light brown 6 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLfWC_WCSamp_pct Mix 2 StmJQ_M_ml Eva Weltzien JQ_ml ICRISAT Bamako InterNodZ2VB_Ct_vb Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise NodFW_FWM_g CIRAD GRNRD_num JF Rami GRnd_M_num CIRAD PcleSampleDW_DWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise ICRISAT SOD_pct Jayashree B StmNa_M_pct Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ENDCOL_1_2 EndoCol_E_1to2 ICRISAT/IER PcleWid_M_cm Jayashree B ICRISAT PWDTH_cm Jayashree B LfCol_E_1to2 LCLR_1_2 ICRISAT No adherent glumes 5 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodSucrDM_SucrDMM_mgg 2 R 9 light red JF Rami/Eva Weltzien StoDMYld_C_gPlot CIRAD/ICRISAT Bamako PcleEx_E_1to4 CIRAD JF Rami Mix 4 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PANTHRS_1_9 ICRISAT/IER PcleThrs_E_1to9 CIRAD MnShoLiguLfNo_Ct_LiguLfMnSho Pot David, PotierFrançoise GProt_NIRS_pct PROT_pct__NIRS JF Rami CIRAD Very difficult, less than 50% of grains threshed 1 DMAT_jd IER Mali Niaba Teme Mat_date_jd CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise LfFW_FWM_g STK_pct StmK_M_pct Jayashree B ICRISAT StoDMC_M_pct CIRAD JF Rami 5 very small CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleSampleDW_DWM_g CIRAD StoHvYld_M_gPlot JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodCWRDM_CWRGravM_pct INERA Clarisse Barot GlmAd_E_1to5 GLUMAD_score Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme InterNodLng_M_cm SIL_cm ICRISAT/IER 2 †Exserted (2-10 cm between ligule and inflorescence base) Very bad color 5 InterNodFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 51-75 % leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, HS 8 MAXVSP_0_9 ICRISAT Bamako StrigaMaxVig_E_0to9 Eva Weltzien 4 Sticky Hd_date_jd HD_jd ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodHemiDM_VSHemiDMNIRS_pct CIRAD 3 50% Vitreous, 50% Floury 2 1-5% of grains surface molded, (Resistant, R) ClimMob OvPrfvLoc_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure JF Rami Kp_C_index CIRAD Kp_index PcleFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDW_DWPool_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoGrLfNo_Ct_GrLfMnSho CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise JF Rami Antho_E_0to2 ANTHO_0_2 CIRAD CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDM_DMSamp_pct PAN_PPS-CERES P2R_C_ddhp CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann MnShoLfDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2BlueArea_Z2BAM_mm2 CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoCellCWR_VSCellNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodLigCWR_VSADLNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD 3 Medium lodging 1 mix 5 More than 40% of plants damaged Very sticky 5 JF Rami GAmy_DSC_pct CIRAD AMY_pct__DSC InterNodLng_LngM_cm CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Jayashree B ICRISAT RustInc_C_pct RUST_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDM_DM_pct ICRISAT Bamako StrigaInc_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien STRSE_1_5 Jayashree B ODG_pct ICRISAT StoOMD_NIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1Area_Z1A_pct 4 Late for the Zone CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrDM_DMSamp_pct Very low 1 CIRAD JF Rami PcleDMC_M_pct S 4 CIRAD InterNodZ1FW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDiaMin_InterNodDiaMinM_mm Pot David, PotierFrançoise Jayashree B PHI_pct ICRISAT PcleHI_C_pct GStdYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD CIRAD PcleLng_M_cm JF Rami PANL_cm elliptic 2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmVol_StmVol_cm3 CIRAD PcleDW_DW_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmDen_StmDen_gcm3 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD JF Rami GDMYld_C_gPlot InterNodDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD PcleMoi_M_pct LfDMC_M_pct JF Rami CIRAD GHvYld_M_gPlot CIRAD JF Rami Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob GHrd_CompRank_Rk3 Mat_date_ymd DMAT_date_ymd GRNCOV_1_5 Eva Weltzien GCov_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien PcleDsirblty_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako PD_1_5 Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmSampleFW_FWM_g CIRAD JF Rami GProt_Kjdl_pct PROT_pct__KJE CIRAD NA 4 ICRISAT/IER NSH_plants NSH_Ct_hill Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme 2 75% Vitreous, 25% Floury CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDW_DWM_g CIRAD JF Rami/D Pot Hvst_date_jd 5 HS YLDSCORE_1_5 GYld_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfDW_DWPool1Plt_g VGR_C_gm2day VGR_g_m2_day FLW_date_ymd Flo_date_ymd JF Rami CIRAD PcleHvYld_C_kgha FLAG-appearance_FLA5_dd TTFL_C_dcd CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann NodDM_DM_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DW_g DecGW_M_g GDWT_g 4 brown PEXC_cm Jayashree B ICRISAT PcleEx_M_cm 5 intermediate 80 to 84% of grain threshed 1 narrow elliptic Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmWC_WCSamp_pct CIRAD MnShoLastLiguLfHt_LngM_cm Pot David, PotierFrançoise Hd_C_day CIRAD JF Rami/D Pot Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodSampleFW_FWM_g CIRAD MnShoLfDW_DWPool_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD JF Rami SOOTSTR_0_1 SootStr_E_0to1 MnShoLfDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD BasalTllrFW_FWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Jayashree B NBPN_pcle ICRISAT PcleNo_Ct_pclePlot Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodIVCWRD_IVNDFDNIRS_pct CIRAD 3 pearly white CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRS_pct Very lax panicle (typical of wild sorghums) 1 SSFLY_pct Jayashree B SSFlyInc_C_pct ICRISAT MnShoPcleFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1Area_Z1AM_mm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise 31 - 40% damage 4 Thr_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Grain surface completely covered 1 LfDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2DW_DWM_g StrigaNo_Ct_plntPlot ICRISAT Bamako NSTRIGA_plants Eva Weltzien Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodIVOMD_AufrereIVOMDNIRS_pct CIRAD GAmy_NIRS_pct JF Rami CIRAD AMY_pct__NIRS cream 8 Striga plants number is > 40, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 10 8 CIRAD NBGPAN_grn_pcle GNoPcle_C_grnpcle JF Rami WAGBDMYld_C_gPlot CIRAD/ICRISAT JF Rami/Jayashree B 3 Striga plants number is between 6-20, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 1 FLfL_date_ymd FLT_date_ymd ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Germrt_CompRank_Rk3 LIP_pct__SOX JF Rami CIRAD GLip_Sox_pct ICRISAT GSCoat_E_0to1 SSCT_0_1 Jayashree B PWTMG_g PCleWWoG_M_gpcle Jayashree B ICRISAT MnShoStmDW_DW_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Eva Weltzien NSelPcle_Ct_pcle NSP_pcle ICRISAT Bamako 11-25% damaged plants 3 CIRAD StmMnShoCPDM_KjdlCPNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise Some problems 2 MnShoStmFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmDW_DWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfNo_Ct_LfMnSho Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme MidgeInc_E_1to5 MSCORE_1_5 ICRISAT/IER PVig_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien GV_1_5 JF Rami WAGBDMC_M_pct CIRAD INERA GRotation_E_0to2 GRROT_0_2 Clarisse Barot CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise NodLng_LngM_cm 7 Semi-loose drooping primary branches MnShoLfSampleDW_DWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise WAGBMoi_C_pct CIRAD JF Rami FP_1_3 ICRISAT Bamako FP_E_1to3 Eva Weltzien TllrFW_FWPoolM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleMoi_C_pct JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DWPoolSumOrg_g JF Rami GDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDM_DM_pct CIRAD CIRAD INTNN_internodes InterNodNo_Ct_internod JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVCWRD_IVNDFNIRS_pct MnShoStmDM_DM_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise ICRISAT Bamako GMoldSev_E_1to9 PGMR_1_9 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme GYldQual_CompRank_Rk4 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Jayashree B Flo_C_day ICRISAT FLW_dto_day JF Rami ToCol_E_1to5 TOCOL_1_5 CIRAD TOCONS_1_5 CIRAD ToCons_E_1to5 JF Rami CIRAD JF Rami StoMoi_M_pct 26-40% damaged plants 4 CIRAD InterNodSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise dark brown 7 JF Rami FLT_dto_day FLfL_C_day CIRAD CIRAD StmMnShoHemiCWR_VSHemiNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise ICRISAT Bamako MS_1_3 Eva Weltzien MS_E_1to3 LodgInc_E_1to5 LODG_1_5 INERA Clarisse Barot ICRISAT/IER Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme GRNCOL_1_6 GCol_E_1to6 CIRAD JF Rami LfDMYld_C_kgha 5 Striga plants number is between 21-30, and number of branches per striga plant is > 5 8 75 - 90% damage TllrFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD LMC_1_5 Jayashree B LfMRCol_E_1to5 ICRISAT 31-40% of grains surface molded, (Susceptible, S) 6 CIRAD JF Rami StoDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleFW_FWPoolM_g Half broom corn 11 Acceptable 3 CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoMMDM_MMNIRS_pct JF Rami StoHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD 3 circular ICRISAT GNo_C_grnm2 GRNO_grn_m2 Jayashree B Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PcleHvNo_Ct_pclePlot NHP_pcle ICRISAT/IER WAGBDMYld_C_tha BM_t_ha Jayashree B ICRISAT SB_pct SBorerInc_C_pct Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme NHH_Ct_hill NHH_hills ICRISAT/IER Buff 5 CIRAD InterNodDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Loose panicle 2 TllrDM_DM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise INERA Clarisse Barot Colcol_1_2 Coleopcol_E_1to2 CIRAD JF Rami LfMoi_C_pct 4 NA CIRAD MnShoWABDM_DMSumOrg_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfDW_DW_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2BlueArea_Z2BA_pct 3 6-10% of grains surface molded, (Resistant, R) Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleSampleFW_FWM_g Highest rank 1 acronym JF Rami GHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD HELMINTH_0_1 JF Rami Helminth_E_0to1 CIRAD white 2 26-50% of grains damaged on a panicle, (Susceptible, S) 4 FLGWT_g Jayashree B FlgLfW_DW_gPlot ICRISAT 7 Good, 90 to 94% of grain threshed Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleDW_DW_g SDMInc_C_pct SDMF_pct Jayashree B ICRISAT CIRAD InterNodZ2Area_Z2A_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise PAN_inititation-thermal-time_PAN26_dd CIRAD/IER TTPI_C_dc Michel Vaksmann Good 4 Jayashree B ICRISAT LOST_pct LfStmWRatio_C_pct 2 11 - 20% damage Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme FLW_date_jd ICRISAT/IER Flo_date_jd ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien StmJSC_pct SC_pct 3 Difficult, 60 to 69% of grain threshed TllrDW_DWPool_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise 1 Very Early for the zone Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleDW_DWPool1Plt_g 4 Loose erect primary branches ETN_tillers ETNo_Ct_tllrplnt TllrDW_DWPool1PltSumOrg_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise W1000G_g GW_1000grnM_g InterNodSSDM_SSDMGut_mgg CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Michel Vaksmann P2O_C_hours PAN_critical-photoperiod_PAN27_h CIRAD/IER LVC_1_2 LfVCol_E_1to2 Jayashree B ICRISAT > 50% of grains damaged on a panicle (Highly Susceptible, HS) 5 NBGRLV_leaves CIRAD JF Rami GLNo_Ct_lfplnt very bold 1 CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRS_pct 2 Early for the zone No lodging 1 GANTH_1_5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme GAnthrSev_E_1to5 ICRISAT/IER ICRISAT/IER Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PH_cm PH_M_cm InterNodZ2VBDen_VBDen_vbmm2 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise 4 Bad color CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrDW_DWPool1Plt_g CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVOMD_AufrereIVOMDNIRS_pct 1 <10% damage MnShoStmRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRSDW_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise GlmAwn_E_0to2 GLUAWN_0_2 CIRAD JF Rami Very loose panicle 1 MnShoStmDM_DMSamp_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PCPT_1_9 Jayashree B PcleCptSh_E_1to9 ICRISAT 0 Not aristed Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD InterNodCellCWR_VSCellNDFNIRS_pct ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure StoPrbTol_CompRank_Rk3 SVIG_1_5 ICRISAT/IER SdlgVig_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme LFWT1_g ICRISAT RestLfW_C_g Jayashree B yellow 3 CIRAD StmDMC_M_pct JF Rami StmMnShoCellDM_VSCellDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise MnShoLfFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD WAGBHvYld_C_kgha JF Rami red 2 Very low vigor 1 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodFructDM_FructDMM_mgg Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodADFDM_VSADFDMNIRS_pct CIRAD 3 Lowest rank Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme/JF Rami PcleHvYld_M_gPlot ICRISAT/IER/CIRAD CIRAD InterNodZ1DW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 0.25 grain covered 1 WAGBHvYld_M_gPlot CIRAD JF Rami Slightly exserted (<2 cm but ligule of flag leaf definitively below inflorescence base) 1 CIRAD GMoi_C_pct JF Rami ICRISAT/IER FAnthrRes_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme FANTH_1_5 Striga plants number ? 5, and no branches 1 StmMnShoCFDM_CFDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise LfHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodLigDM_AcBrL_mgg 2 Very loose erect primary branches ICRISAT/IER NSPLT_plants Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme SdlgNo_Ct_plntPlot 9 76-100% leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, HS 2 Good color HI_C_pct ICRISAT HI_pct Jayashree B CIRAD LfHvYld_M_gPlot JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Emer_date_ymd ICRISAT PBTNo_Ct_tllr Jayashree B 1 mix 5 Full lodging White 1 2 Middle rank ICRISAT Bamako GD_1_5 Eva Weltzien GD_E_1to5 JF Rami PEDL_cm CIRAD PedLng_M_cm 1 Yellow 26-40% of grains on the panicles damaged 4 Good vigor 4 2 Poor 5 21-30% area covered with small necrotic coalescing lesions, MR StmMoi_C_pct CIRAD JF Rami 2 rotation 3 Red CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrDW_DWM_g ClimMob Mat_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDW_DWM_g InterNodDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleWC_WCSamp_pct 3 11- 25% of molded grains surface on panicle (Moderately Resistant, MR) 3 11-25% of grains on the panicles damaged GLstr_E_0to1 ICRISAT Jayashree B Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ1RedArea_Z1RAM_mm2 CIRAD CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDia_InterNodDiaM_mm StoEng_M_MJkg ICRISAT ENG_MJ_kg Jayashree B PcleDM_DMSamp_pct IAVAO_group MnShoStmFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodArea_InterNodAM_mm2 CIRAD 21-30% of grains surface molded, (Moderately Susceptible, MS) 5 white 1 Dense panicle 4 GLUMCOL_1_4 CIRAD GlmCol_E_1to4 JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrSampleFW_FWM_g JF Rami WAGBDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD circular 3 9 > 90% damage CIRAD PcleDMYld_C_gPlot JF Rami PcleDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 3 Very loose drooping primary branches InterNodZ2Area_Z2AM_mm2 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Black 3 very bold to medium 2 2 Thick 11-20% of grains surface molded (Moderately Resistant, MR) 4 StmMnShoLigCWR_VSADLNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise PNo_Ct_plntPlot PNP_plants Jayashree B ICRISAT StoND_NIRS_pct NDG_pct 6 Semi-loose erect primary branches entity CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrSampleDW_DWM_g Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure OvPrf_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob 2 Red yellow 4 DisTol_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien StmJW_M_g JW_g elliptic 2 2 1-10% of molded grains surface on panicle (Resistant, R) Very Good 5 CIRAD, INRAE MnShoStmBMPDM_BMPDMNIRS_NmLCH4g Latrille Eric, Rossard Virginie, Carrère Hélène, Pot David, PotierFrançoise 75% Grain Surface Covered 4 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure PlSur_CompRank_Rk3 1 Very poor 0 grain uncovered CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodCWRDM_VSNDFNIRS_pct FLT_date_jd CIRAD JF Rami FLfL_date_jd AGAPP_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako AgApp_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien Acceptable color 3 3 MR green 1 CIRAD NodDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 1 White MnShoStmSSDM_LuffShSSDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent No symptoms 0 Intermediate panicle 3 Good 4 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ1RedArea_Z1RA_pct CIRAD/ICRISAT LFWT_g JF Rami/Jayashree B LfDMYld_C_gPlot 4 25% Vitreous, 75% Floury Other 6 NA 8 StmMnShoIVDMD_AufrereIVDMDNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise 1 Mix of aristed and not aristed plants MnShoLfDM_DM_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 2 Some Problems CIRAD StmMoi_M_pct JF Rami 2 Yellow Jayashree B DTHV_day ICRISAT Hvst_dto_day No damaged plants 1 1 0% of molded grains surface on panicle (Highly Resistant, HR) Jayashree B InsDmg_E_1to9 ICRISAT INSD_1_9 CIRAD GDen_M_kghl JF Rami GDENS_g ClimMob Stobly_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoADFDM_VSADFDMNIRS_pct CIRAD StmMnShoCWRDM_VSNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise 4 High lodging CIRAD StoMoi_C_pct JF Rami MA_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien MatApp_E_1to5 white 1 DS_date_ymd Sow_date_ymd Striga plants number is between 21-30, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 5 4 GCol_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure sorghum ontology Sorghum ontology ICRISAT Bamako PGMR_1_5 GMoldSev_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER FAnthrSev_E_1to9 FANTH_1_9 StmDMYld_C_gPlot JF Rami CIRAD no rotation 0 3 Some adherent glumes medium 3 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleFW_FWM_g CIRAD LIP_pct__NIRS JF Rami GLip_NIRS_pct 9 Compact elliptic Bad 1 5 Very dense panicle Niaba Teme IER Mali GWPcle_C_gpcle GWPP_g GShpProf_E_1to3 GRSHPPROF_1_3 Jayashree B GCol_E_1to9 ICRISAT SDCLR_1_9 Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrFW_FWM_g CIRAD CIRAD MnShoLfFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent MnShoStmHHVDM_HHVDMNIRS_MJkg ICRISAT Bamako PcleDen_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien PDEN_1_5 2 1-10% of grains on the panicles damaged MnShoStmBMPVS_BMPVSNIRS_NmLCH4g CIRAD, INRAE Latrille Eric, Rossard Virginie, Carrère Hélène, Pot David, PotierFrançoise 4 26-50% of molded grains surface on panicle (Sensitive, S) 1 Presence of disease symptoms CIRAD InterNodMMDM_MMNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent 4 medium to very small AbSt_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodHemiCWR_VSHemiNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD 51-75 % of grains surface molded, (Highly Susceptible, HS) 8 No Striga 0 11-20% leaf area covered with small necrotic lesions, MR 4 InterNodLigDM_VSADLDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise 2 Yellow WAGBMoi_M_pct CIRAD JF Rami JF Rami/Jayashree B ICRISAT/CIRAD StmHvYld_M_gPlot GMoi_M_pct CIRAD JF Rami ClimMob PtTol__CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodGlucDM_GlucDMM_mgg chalky white 2 0 No symptoms 4 Good 1 Very good color SYLD_kg_ha CIRAD StmHvYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD PcleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 3 21 - 30% damage CIRAD MnShoPcleBaseHt_LngM_cm Pot David, PotierFrançoise closed 0 4 Brown GSz_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure 2 1-10% of grains damaged on a panicle (Resistant, R) 2 NA 2 25% Grain Surface Covered 100% Floury 5 Thick pericarp 0 2 Low lodging 0 absent Striga plants number is > 40, and number of branches per striga plant is >10 9 Good for the Zone 3 3 Acceptable vigor 5 Very good 3 50% Grain Surface Covered 5 red purple 5 CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoHemiDM_VSHemiDMNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmDW_DWPool_g Maldandi 3 2 Anthocyanin 2 Texas 2 Aristed 2 Need to Test Again 9 Excellent 99 to 100% of grain threshed Mixed 1 7 Striga plants number is between 31-40, and number of branches per striga plant is > 10 8 Semi-compact elliptic Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodFW_FWPoolM_g 1-10% damaged plants 2 6 31-40% area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, S NA 2 5 glumes longer than grain MnShoPcleSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 1 No damaged Panicle ClimMob GermTim_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodCellDM_VSCellDMNIRS_pct 4 Peduncle recurved (inflorescence below ligule and clearly exposed splitting the Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodSSDM_LuffShSSDMNIRS_pct CIRAD MnShoLfSampleFW_FWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise grain fully covered 4 1 < 1 % of grains surface molded (Highly Resistant, HR) ICRISAT Bamako StrigaMeanVig_E_0to9 Eva Weltzien MVSP_0_9 light green 1 Michel Vaksmann BVP_M_dcd PAN-basic-vegetative-phase_PAN28_dd CIRAD/IER Striga plants number is between 6-20, and no branches 2 3 0.75 grain covered 51 - 60% damage 6 Presence of disease symptoms 1 InterNodDW_DW_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise GRSHP_score GShpDors_E_1to3 Tan 0 9 76-100% of grains surface molded, (Highly Susceptible, HS) 1 A lot of adherent glumes Acceptable 3 CIRAD InterNodIVDMD_AufrereIVDMDNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent 4 Good 41-50% leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, S 7 PcleOTNo_Ct_pclePlot ICRISAT Bamako NOTP_pcle Eva Weltzien 3 6-10% leaf area covered with hypersensitive small lesions, R 3 11- 25% of grains damaged on a panicle ( Moderately Resistant, MR) Milo 1 Very thick 1 Soft 3 Bad 1 2 open 0 % of grains damaged on a panicle, (Highly Resistant, HR) 1 1 present 100% Vitreous 1 3 Acceptable Acceptable 3 Mat_C_day DTMAT_day CIRAD GHD_pct JF Rami GHrd_M_pct 3 Lowest rank 7 61 - 75% damage Grain Surface completely not Covered 5 2 Low Vigor LfMoi_M_pct JF Rami CIRAD 5 Loose drooping primary branches 1 Highest rank 1 narrow elliptic > 50% of molded grains surface on panicle (Highly Sensitive, HS) 5 Very interesting Variety, Want to Test 3 Variety to reject 1 Striga plants number is between 31-40, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 10 6 1 HR 41-50% of grains surface molded, (Susceptible, S) 7 1 0 to < 1 % leaf area with mild yellow flecks, HR 2 0.50 grain covered dark green 2 attribute 2 1-5% leaf area covered with hypersensitive small lesions, R 5 Excellent vigor dull green 2 5 More 40% of grains on the panicles damaged Internode Internode maximum diameter Maximum diameter Internode maximum diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodDiaMax Dry weight InterNodZ1DW Internode Internode outer zone (Z1) dry weight Internode outer zone (Z1) dry weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Harvested Hills - Counting Count the number of planting holes harvested effectively. Calculate the dry weight of an organ for a single plant, based on its fresh weight and the dry matter content estimated on a sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry weight of an organ of one single plant based on a sample - Computation cm Stem biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Stem internodes length InterNodLng The length of the internodes of the stem. internodes length Stem mm Visual assessment of grain rotation. Grain rotation - Estimation Stem juice weight - Measurement Weight of the total amount of juice collected after pressing sorghum stems. Dry weight of an organ per plant based on a pool of n plants - Computation Calculate the dry weight of an organ per plant, based on the fresh weight of the organs of a pool of n plants, the dry matter content of the organ estimated on a sample and the number of plants of the pool. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Tolerance to diseases - the disease type is documented in complementary data DisTol Disease tolerance  GD Score (1-5) Seedling SdlgNo number Seedling number after thinning. Seedling number Fresh weight of an organ of one single plant - Measurement Weigh the fresh organ of one single plant. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Determination of soluble sugars including starch content in the dry matter - Computation Soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS) concentration, calculated based on the information obtained from Van Soest, Crude Protein (CP) and Mineral Matter (MM) analyses. This methods provides an access to a rough estimate of the soluble sugars content, including starch. It is much less accurate than specific soluble sugar content methods. This trait is derived from a calculation based on results obtained from NIRS calibrations that need to be provided. Method abbreviation: RoughSSNIRS Panicle desirability Desirability of the panicle shape. Panicle PcleDsirblty desirability Dry weight Tiller TllrDW Tillers dry weight Tillers dry weight Internode ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter InterNodSSDM Internode Ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Thr None Threshability  Record maturity date, observed as onset of black spot on the bottom of the grain panicle. Maturity date - Estimation Number of green leaves on the main shoot - Counting Count green leaves on the main shoot of the plant An assessment of male sterility on the panicle. Cytoplasmic male sterility Plant CMS cytoplasmic male sterility Estimate the yield of the variety, after the harvest of panicles spread on the ground, usually scored by the farmer. Grain yield score - Estimation Main shoot stem In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility stem of the main shoot StmMnShoIVOMD In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Main shoot stem In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility InterNodSampleFW Internode sample fresh weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Fresh weight Internode sample fresh weight Internode Sorghum downy mildew incidence Plant SDMInc Sorghum downy mildew incidence on sorghum plants. Caused by Peronospora sp. Sorghum downy mildew incidence LfMRCol Score (1-5) Stover Metabolised energy value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover. metabolised energy Stover metabolised energy StoEng Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing - Counting Count ligulated leaves on the main shoot of the plant emitted since the sowing InterNodLigCWR Lignin content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Internode lignin (ADL) content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot Internode Grain yield The amount (weight) of grain that was harvested per unit area. yield GYld Grain Panicle moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass moisture content. WAGBMoi Moisture content Whole above ground biomass Whole above ground biomass moisture content InterNodLigDM Internode Internode lignin content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Lignin content of dry matter Internode lignin content of dry matter Count and weigh 1000 grains. Thousand Grain Weight - Measurement Plant number - Counting Count plants in an area or plot. Foliar anthracnose severity - Estimation Record disease severity at the soft-dough stage on the top four leaves that contribute most to grain development or on all plant. Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section InterNodZ2Area Internode inner zone (Z2) area Internode Internode inner zone (Z2) area, obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Grain dry matter basis yield The weight of grain expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. GDMYld Dry matter basis yield Grain Ranking of phenotypes based on field observations/on testing of food products ​ Comparative ranking by users method Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. StmMnShoCFDM Main shoot stem crude fiber content of dry matter Main shoot stem crude fiber content of dry matter crude fiber content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Dry matter content Whole above ground biomass Whole above ground biomass dry matter content Whole above ground biomass dry matter content. WAGBDMC Ranking: 3 Calculate using the formula. Stover biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Flag leaf weight - Estimation Measure flag leaves weight. Sorghum rust incidence Plant Sorghum rust incidence Incidence of rust on sorghum plants. Causative agent: Puccinia purpurea. RustInc g/panicle GDen Grain density Grain density Density of the grain. Internode InterNodCWRDM Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of dry matter Internode Cell Wall Residues (CWR) content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Cell Wall Residues content of dry matter Panicle dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Grain subcoat presence - Estimation Observe presence or absence of subcoat in cut grains. Calculate the water content of an organ based on the fresh weight and the dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C) of a sample Water content of an organ - Computation Biomethane potential determination in the dry matter using NIRS calibration - Prediction Biomethane potential obtained from the protocol proposed by Angelidaki et al., 2009 (https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/59/5/927/15563/Defining-the-biomethane-potential-BMP-of-solid) using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. As the calibration available provides BMP estimates in NmLCH4g-1 of Volatile Solids (VS), these estimates are converted in NmLCH4g-1 of Dry Matter (DM) expressed in normal conditions (0°C, 1.013 bar) and per gram of DM (NmLCH4g-1) following the formula: BMP_DM=BMP_VS*(DM-MM)/DM where VS is the volatile solid content (g/g raw matter), DM the dry matter and MM the mineral matter (in %DM). PVig vigor Plant vigor Plant Adult plant vigor assessment. Number of elongated internodes on the main stem. Stem Stem elongated internodes number InterNodNo elongated internodes number Strigavigor Score (0-9) presence GSCoat Grain subcoat presence Presence or absence of a seed subcoat. Grain subcoat Soluble sugars, including starch, content of dry matter Internode soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS: Rough Soluble Sugars) content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode soluble sugars including starch content of dry matter InterNodRoughSSDM Internode Endosperm texture texture Proportion of vitreous endosperm. Endosperm EndoT Measure the weight of a volume of grains. Grain density - Measurement Sooty Stripe (Ramulispora sorghi) disease symptoms presence/absence. Sooty stripe disease presence Leaf SootStr Sooty stripe disease presence Calculate using the formula. Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Critical photoperiod - computation The critical photoperiod corresponds to the day length at the intersection of the slope corresponding to the Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient (i.e. line between the thermal times to panicle emergence (in ∞days) observed for different photoperiod durations (in hours)) and the basic vegetative phase photoperiod (in hours) Flowering date - Estimation Record date when 50% of plants in a plot reach the flowering stage. Rate the maximum vigor (biomass) of Striga plants in the plot. Maximum Striga vigor - Estimation Aufrere and Van Soest methods using NIRS calibration for In vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility determination - Computation In Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility computation based on Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions. Information used to compute this trait correspond to the In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD) estimated using Aufrere reference methods, the Mineral Matter content (MM) and the Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) content estimated using the Van Soest reference methods. InsDmg Score (1-9) Calculate using the formula. Grain dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Grain anthracnose severity GAnthrSev Grain anthracnose severity on grain caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Grain Grain anthracnose severity Internode sample dry weight InterNodSampleDW Internode Dry weight Internode sample dry weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Main shoot panicle water content Main shoot panicle MnShoPcleWC Water content Main shoot panicle water content Biomethane potential determination in volatile solids using NIRS calibration - Prediction Biomethane potential obtained from the protocol proposed by Angelidaki et al., 2009 (https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/59/5/927/15563/Defining-the-biomethane-potential-BMP-of-solid) using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. As the calibration available provides BMP estimates in NmLCH4g-1 of Volatile Solids (VS), these estimates are converted in NmLCH4g-1 of Dry Matter (DM) expressed in normal conditions (0°C, 1.013 bar) and per gram of DM (NmLCH4g-1) following the formula: BMP_DM=BMP_VS*(DM-MM)/DM where VS is the volatile solid content (g/g raw matter), DM the dry matter and MM the mineral matter (in %DM). Plant Stem borer (Chilo partellus) incidence on sorghum plants. Sorghum stem borer incidence Sorghum stem borer incidence SBorerInc Grain shape in dorsal view GShpDors Grain shape in dorsal view. shape in dorsal view Grain Leaf to stem weight ratio The ratio of leaves weight over stem weight. Plant Leaf to stem weight ratio LfStmWRatio NSH Hill Number of hills with plants at seedling stage. number Number of seedling hills EndoCol Endosperm color Color of endosperm. Endosperm color Green leaves number - Counting Count of number of green leaves. Harvest date - Measurement Record the date of harvest Helminth Helmenthosoriose disease symptoms presence/absence. Helminthosporiose disease presence Leaf Helminthosporiose disease presence Measure the red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) - Measurement Record severity as extent of grain surface covered with mold, usually observed when majority of grains in the middle part of panicle have matured. Molded grain show pink, orange, gray, white or black discoloration depending on the fungus involved. Grain mold severity - Estimation Panicle GWPcle Grain weight Grain weight per panicle The weight of grains per panicle. HI Grain harvest index grain harvest index Proportion of harvested grain weight over whole above ground biomass weight. Plant Node Fresh weight Node fresh weight. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. NodFW Node fresh weight Variety maturity appreciation - Estimation Comparing the flowering date of the test varieties against a local variety check by considering a normal season. ToCol Score (1-5) vascular bundle/mm² Grain decortication yield - Computation Calculate the ratio of the weight of a sample of grain after decortication using a Tangential Abrasive Dehulling Device (TADD) to the weight of the sample of grain before decortication. Observe and record incidence/damage caused by midges. Midge incidence - Estimation Stem biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. ml Days to harvest - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to harvest. Compute number of days required from sowing to flowering. Days to flowering - Computation basic vegetative phase - Measurement Basic vegetative phase is calculated from the minimal duration of the vegetative phase. It is estimated in environment where the photoperiod is lower than the critical photoperiod (in the case of short days plant like sorghum) ligulated leaf/main shoot GRotation rotation Grain rotation Grain Grain rotation. Fresh weight Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) fresh weight TllrFW Tiller Basal and nodal tillers fresh weight Dry matter content MnShoWABDM Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) dry matter content Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) dry matter content GDMC Grain dry matter content Grain Grain dry matter content. Dry matter content Record the decorticated grain weight of a sample after dehulling. Decorticated grain weight - Measurement Counting of plant basal tiller number. Plant basal tiller number - Counting % Internode Cell Wall Residue content of dry matter Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of the dry matter Internode InterNodCWRDM Internode Cell Wall Residue content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode acid detergent fiber content of dry matter. This fraction contains lignins, cellulose, silica and insoluble forms of nitrogen but not hemicellulose. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode Internode acid detergent fiber content of dry matter Acid detergent fiber content of the dry matter InterNodADFDM Stem Biomass moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. g/cm3 Harvest the panicles in the plot and count the number of panicles harvested. Panicle number - Counting Moisture content GMoi Grain Grain moisture content. Grain moisture content GAnthrSev Score (1-5) PcleCpt Score (1-13) TO color - Estimation Visual assessment of color of a TO sample prepared from sorghum flour after decortication. Internode fresh weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Fresh weight Internode fresh weight InterNodFW Internode Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Volatile Solids (VS) Biochemical methane potential based on volatile solids MnShoStmBMPVS Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Volatile Solids (VS) Main shoot stem Panicles fresh weight Panicles fresh weight Panicle PcleFW Fresh weight InterNodZ2FW Internode inner zone (Z2) fresh weight Internode Internode inner zone (Z2) fresh weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Fresh weight Sowing time Sowing time Plant Sowing time. Sow To ToCons Consistency of TO porridge prepared from the sorghum grain. To consistency consistency Using refractometer (or hydrometer) to determine the Brix. Stem juice sugar content Brix method - Measurement Calculate incidence of shoot fly on plants. Sorghum shoot fly incidence - Computation day Lipid content Soxhlet - Measurement Soxhlet ether extraction from 5 g of flour. Flag leaf ligulation time or flag leaf emergence. Flag leaf Flag leaf ligulation time appearance TTFL Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section - Measurement Measure the inner zone (Z2) area of the internode section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining Cell wall residue determination in dry matter based on gravimetry Cell wall residue determination in dry matter - Measurement Panicle Yield at harvest - Measurement Record panicle weight after harvest. Effective tiller number - Counting Count effective tiller number. Internode Internode CrudeFiber content of Dry Matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Crude Fiber content of Dry Matter Internode Crude Fiber content of Dry Matter InterNodCFDM Date of seedling emergence - Measurement Record date when 50% of the seedlings reach the seedling ermergence stage. Calculate using the formula. Grain standardized yield (kg/ha) - Computation PhytomLng Phytomer Phytomer length. Phytomer rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Phytomer stands here for phytomer of the main shoot. Length Phytomer length Leaves Leaves fresh weight Leaves fresh weight of the main shoot and of the tillers Fresh weight LfFW Calculate using the formula. Grain number - Computation Stem length - Measurement Measure length of the stem from the base of the first elongated internode to the base of the peduncle hardness Grain Whole grain hardness. GHrd Grain hardness Midge incidence Midge incidence as grain abortion on the panicles. Midge incidence Plant MidgeInc Number of vascular bundles in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Counting Count the number of vascular bundles in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Stem density calculation - Computation Compute the stem density based on the ratio of the main stem dry weight and the main stem volume Internode cross section area Internode cross section area. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Cross section area Internode InterNodArea Measure manually with a calliper rule the internode diameter. This measurement must be done in the central part of the internode. Internode diameter - Measurement mm² Measure the internode cross section area using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Internode cross section area - Measurement Grain GMoldSev Grain mold severity Grain mold severity incidence Grain mold severity caused by agents Aspergillus spp and/or Penicillium spp. Leaf biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Grain lustre Grain Grain lustre. lustre GLstr Main shoot stem structural density Structural density MnShoStmStructDen Main shoot stem structural density Main shoot stem Fresh weight of an organ for a pool of n plants - Measurement Weigh the fresh organs of a pool of n plants. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. PlSur Plant survival  Survival of plants FAnthrSev Score (1-9) The weight of grain adjusted to a standard moisture content (14%) that was harvested per unit area. Standardized yield GStdYld Grain standardized yield Grain Critical photoperiod Critical photoperiod : In short day plants, flowering occurs when day length becomes shorter than a critical photoperiod. P2O Panicle Critical-photoperiod Dry weight of an organ for a pool of n plants - Computation Calculate the dry weight of the organs of a pool of n plants, based on the fresh weight of the organs of n plants and the dry matter content of the organ. Here the dry matter content of the tillers is calculated as the average dry matter of the different organs of the main shoot (the hypothesis is that the tillers have the same proportions of the different organs than the main shoot, what is wrong). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. PcleNo Panicle number number Panicle Number of panicles. GlmAwn Presence of an awn on the glumes. Glume Glume awnedness awnedness Peduncle length - Measurement Measure length of the peduncle to the first primary branch of panicle. PcleMoi Panicle moisture content Panicle Moisture content Panicle moisture content. MnShoLfDM Main shoot leaves dry matter content Main shoot leaf Main shoot leaves dry matter content Dry matter content Main shoot stem lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem lignin content of Cell Wall Residues stem of the main shoot StmMnShoLigCWR lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Calculate the blue-colored area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z2 area Main shoot stem water content Main shoot stem MnShoStmWC Main shoot stem water content Water content In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility StmMnShoIVDMD Main shoot stem In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Maturity time Maturity time Maturity time. Mat Plant Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) - Computation Calculate the red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z1 area, using script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Cytoplasmic male sterility - Estimation Field observation of panicles for the presence of infertility by observing the shape of the anthers. Panicle dry matter content Panicle PcleDMC Dry matter content Panicle dry matter content. Stobly None Storability   Measure the red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Measurement PcleSampleFW Panicles sample fresh weight Panicles sample fresh weight Fresh weight Panicles Sample dry weight Tillers Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) sample dry weight Tillers sample dry weight TllrSampleDW Plant height - Measurement Measure plant height, usually recorded in several plants 15 to 20 days after the end of flowering. Record disease severity at maturity on a sample of 5 panicles or more. Grain anthracnose severity - Estimation Internode Minimum diameter Internode minimum diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode minimum diameter InterNodDiaMin Number of basal tillers. PBTNo Plant Plant basal tiller number basal tillers number StoND Stover nitrogen digestibility Stover Nitrogen digestibility value. Stover nitrogen digestibility Manual assessment of consistency on a TO sample prepared from sorghum flour after decortication. TO consistency - Estimation Calculate using the formula. Stem biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation g/plot Pericarp thickness - Estimation The thickness of pericarp is visually estimated. LfCol Score (1-2) Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Stem Biomass moisture content - Measurement Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for Hemicellulose determination in the NDF - Computation Hemicellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSHemiNDFNIRS. Variety farmer preference - Estimation The farmer observes the different plots and assigns a preference score using a scale predefined. Grain number per panicle GNoPcle Number of grains per panicle. Panicle Grain number Main shoot panicle Dry matter content Main shoot panicle dry matter content Main shoot panicle dry matter content MnShoPcleDM main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing Number MnShoLiguLfNo Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing g leaf/main shoot Main shoot leaves sample fresh weight Main shoot leaves Main shoot leaves sample fresh weight Fresh weight MnShoLfSampleFW Panicle width Panicle width Width of the panicle. PcleWid Grain dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Dry the fresh organ sample 72 hours at 60 °C and weigh the dried sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry weight of a sample of an organ - Measurement Number of main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing - Counting Count all leaves on the main shoot of the plant Calculate using the formula. Grain yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Internode outer zone (Z1) fresh weight Internode outer zone (Z1) fresh weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Fresh weight InterNodZ1FW Dry matter content Stover biomass dry matter content. StoDMC Stover biomass Stover biomass dry matter content Lignin (ADL) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADLDMNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for lignin determination in the dry matter - Prediction Glume opening - Estimation Visual assessment of glumes opening. Decorticated grain weight Decorticated grain weight Grain weight after decortication. DecGW yyyymmdd Vascular bundle density in the internode inner zone (Z2). Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Vascular bundle density in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section InterNodZ2VBDen Vascular bundle density in the internode inner zone (Z2) internode inner zone MnShoLastLiguLfHt Main shoot stem Height Main shoot stem height based on the position of the ligule of the last ligulated leaf Main shoot stem height based on the position of the ligule of the last ligulated leaf Internode Crude protein content of dry matter Internode Crude Protein content of Dry Matter InterNodCPDM Internode Crude Protein content of Dry Matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Panicle Thermal time to panicle inititation derived from the Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation (TTFL) using the linear formula proposed by Folliard et al. (2004) Thermal time to panicle inititation initiation-thermal-time TTPI Observe leaf midrib color. Leaf midrib color - Estimation Calculate using the formula. Stover Biomass moisture content - Computation Yield at harvest Whole above ground biomass WAGBHvYld Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest The whole above ground biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Insect damage Damage caused by insects on plants. Plant InsDmg Insect damage Pigmentation of the leaf-vein. LfVCol Leaf Leaf vein color vein color Tolerance to abiotic stress - stress type is docuelnetd in complementary data AbSt Abiotic stress tolerance  PcleDen Score (1-5) Count the number of panicles in the plot actually harvested. Panicle harvested number - Counting Vascular bundle density in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Compute vascular bundle density taking into account their number and the area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section. Assessment of the Striga mean vigor. Maximum vigor Striga StrigaMaxVig Striga maximum vigor Glume awnedness - Estimation Observe presence of awn on glumes. Internode ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter Internode InterNodFructDM Ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Grain Proportion of grain surface covered by glumes GCov Grain covering covering At the time of threshing, visually estimate the percentage of grains and glumes adhering to assign a score corresponding. Panicle threshability - Estimation Value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover, using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Organic matter digestibility NIRS - Measurement StmMnShoHemiCWR stem of the main shoot hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Stover biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Main shoot and tillers panicles fresh weight Fresh weight Panicle Main shoot and tillers panicles fresh weight PcleFW VGR Plant Vegetative growth rate. Plant vegetative growth rate vegetative growth rate plant/plot Observe and record the presence/absence of sooty stripe disease symptoms. Sooty stripe disease presence - Estimation Grain Grain desirability desirability Grain desirability of the variety. GD Panicle Yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Time of germination after planting Grain GermTim Germination time Germination time Stem StmK Stem potassium content potassium content The content of potassium ion measured in the stems. Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of dry matter Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of dry matter stem of the main shoot StmMnShoHemiDM hemicellulose content of dry matter Amylose content of whole grain. Grain amylose content Grain amylose content GAmy cm3 Panicle dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. kg/ha Observe panicle length, distance between branches and the number of spikelets with grain and record panicle density. Panicle density - Estimation PerThk Pericarp thickness Pericarp thickness Thickness of sorghum grain pericarp Fresh weight of a sample of an organ - Measurement Weigh the fresh sample of an organ. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Calculate by subtracting flag leaves weight from total leaves weight. Rest of leaves weight - Computation Overall preference  None OvPrf Measure diameter with a calliper rule on the narrowest section of the internode Internode minimum diameter - Measurement Record the date when 50% of plants show panicle emerged from boot. Heading date - Estimation Organic matter digestibility value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover, usually using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Stover organic matter digestibility organic matter digestibility StoOMD Stover Main shoot stem crude protein content of dry matter crude protein content of dry matter StmMnShoCPDM stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem crude protein content of dry matter General Score (1-5) Tillers fresh weight TllrFW Fresh weight Tiller Tillers fresh weight Dry weight of an organ of one single plant - Measurement Dry the fresh organ 72 hours at 60 °C and weigh the dried organ. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). PerThk Score (0-2) GShpProf Score (1-3) Dry matter content of an organ based on a sample - Computation Calculate the dry matter of an organ based on the fresh weight and the dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C) of a sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Grain hardness PSI - Measurement Twenty grams of grain is milled in a Falling Number KT 30 mill and sifted for 1 min through a 250-µm sieve using an air jet sifter (Alpine 200LS). PSI is determined as the proportion of milled grain passing through the sieve. A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the amylose content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Grain amylose content by NIRS - Measurement Length of the panicle. Panicle length PcleLng Panicle length Visual observation for seed lustrousness. Grain lustre - Estimation PcleEx Score (1-4) Grain Harvest index - Computation Compute proportion of harvested grain weight over whole above ground biomass weight. Stem StmNdlTNo Number of nodal tillers arising from the upper nodes in sorghum stem. nodal tillering Stem nodal tiller number Panicle desirability - Estimation Observe shape, density and grain amount per panicle before harvest or on harvested panicles and record desirability. GlmAwn Score (0-2) Calculate using the formula. Panicle dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Internode In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Internode InterNodIVDMD FAnthrRes Foliar anthracnose response on Sorghum, disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Foliar anthracnose response Foliar anthracnose response Leaf Main shoot stem Main shoot stem higher heating value of the dry matter MnShoStmHHVDM Higher Heating Value of the dry matter Main shoot stem higher heating value of the dry matter Stem biomass Yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Number of green leaves. Green leaves number GLNo number Green leaves farmer preference FP Farmer choice of the variety. Plant Variety farmer preference Helminth Score (0-1) Count the total number of plants in the plot after thinning. Seedling number - Counting Calculate using the formula. Grain standardized yield (kg/plot) - Computation degree days per hour of photoperiod GRotation Score (0-2) Stem Potassium content - Measurement Determination of Potassium content by using nitric acid digestion method (AAS & ICP-OES). Internode InterNodCellCWR Cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Internode cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot kg/hl Basic vegetative phase Basic-vegetative-phase Panicle Basic Vegetative Phase BVP LfDMC Leaf biomass Leaf biomass dry matter content. Leaf biomass dry matter content Dry matter content Mat None Maturity  StmMnShoADFDM Main shoot stem acid detergent fiber content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem acid detergent fiber content of dry matter. This fraction contains lignins, cellulose, silica and insoluble forms of nitrogen but not hemicellulose. Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) content of dry matter Mineralization of 1g of flour and titration of nitration content. Protein content Kjeldahl - Measurement Effective tiller number Effective tiller ETN number Number of tillers bearing a panicle. Compute number of days required from sowing to ligulation of the flag leaf. Days to flag leaf ligulation - Computation Main shoot panicle fresh weight MnShoPcleFW Fresh weight Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle fresh weight Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Visual assessment of grain shape. Grain shape in dorsal view - Estimation ColeopCol Score (1-2) PNo Plant Plant number per plot. number Plant number PcleDW Main shoot stem Dry weight Main shoot and tillers panicles dry weight Main shoot and tillers panicles dry weight lipid content Grain lipid content Lipid content of the whole grain. Grain GLip Weight of sorghum stem juice. juice weight Stem juice weight Stem juice StmJW PcleCpt compactness and shape Panicle Panicle compactness and shape Compactness and shape of the panicle. Plant lodging incidence. lodging incidence Plant Plant lodging incidence LodgInc Use formula to compute stem internodes length. Stem internodes length - Computation Yield at harvest Stover biomass yield at harvest The stover biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. StoHvYld Stover biomass Internode lignin content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode InterNodLigDM Internode lignin content of dry matter Lignin content of the dry matter Internode diameter Internode cross section diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodDia Cross section diameter Internode Kjeldahl method using NIRS calibration for crude protein determination in the dry matter - Prediction Crude Protein (CP) concentration estimated from the total nitrogen content (N) measured by Kjeldahl method, with the relationship CP = N*6.25. It is predicted using a NIRS calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Mehod abbreviation: KjdlCPNIRS Flowering time. Flowering time Flowering time Flo Plant Grain moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. Hemicellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSHemiDMNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for hemicellulose determination in the dry matter - Computation Emergence time Emergence time Seedling emergence time Emer Seedling Lignin (ADL) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADLNDFNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for ADL determination in the NDF - Computation Visually asset losses of grain in harvested panicles, damage usually caused by birds, insects, midges, breakages, etc. Empty panicle number - Counting Hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode InterNodHemiCWR Internode hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues NodLng Length Node Node length. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Node length Calculate using the formula. Grain number per panicle - Computation Panicle Weight of the panicle without grain. weight without grain Panicle weight without grain PCleWWoG Red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ1RedArea internode Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) Panicle off type number Panicle off-type number. off type number PcleOTNo Panicle Internode maximum diameter - Measurement Measure diameter with a calliper rule on the widest section of the internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode InterNodIVCWRD StmMnShoCWRDM Main shoot stem cell wall residue content of dry matter Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of dry matter Main shoot stem cell wall residue content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Number Number of green leaves on the main shoot. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Number of main shoot green leaves main shoot green leaves MnShoGrLfNo Calculate using the formula. Leaf Biomass moisture content - Computation Observe leaf color. Leaf color - Estimation panicle Soluble sugars content obtained from the Luff-Shoorl reference method using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: LuffShSSDMNIRS Determination of soluble sugars content in dry matter using the Luff-Shoorl reference method - Prediction Counting of stem nodal tiller number. Stem nodal tiller number - Counting Whole above ground biomass moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. Fresh weight MnShoPcleSampleFW Main shoot panicle sample fresh weight Main shoot panicle sample fresh weight Main shoot panicle Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for ADF determination in the dry matter - Prediction Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADFDMNIRS Taste  None Tst Striga plant number. Striga plant number Striga plant number StrigaNo Grain covering - Estimation Visual observation of covering of grain by glumes. Grain color - Estimation Visual observation of grain color. Flag leaf ligulation - date estimation Record date when 50% of the plants in a plot reached fag leaf ligulation stage. GShpProf Grain shape in profile view shape in profile view Grain Grain shape in profile view. Calculate Thermal time to panicle inititation according to the Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation (TTFL) using the linear formula proposed by Folliard et al. (2004) Thermal time to panicle inititation - Computation Panicles weight without grain - Measurement Record the weight of panicle without grain. Main shoot stem Main shoot stem dry matter content Main shoot stem dry matter content Dry matter content MnShoStmDM StmNa The content of sodium ion content measured in the stems. Stem sodium content Stem sodium content NodDM Node dry matter content. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Node Node dry matter content Dry matter content Grain GHvYld The weight of grain expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Grain yield at harvest Yield at harvest Main shoot stem Dry weight Main shoot stem sample dry weight Main shoot stem sample dry weight MnShoStmSampleDW Internode mineral matter content of dry matter InterNodMMDM Internode Internode mineral matter content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Mineral matter content of dry matter Antho Score (0-2) Appreciation of maturity time of the variety by comparing to local check variety. Variety maturity appreciation Maturity appreciation Variety MatApp Calculate the red-colored area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z2 area Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Observe and record the presence/absence of Helminthosporiose symptoms. Helminthosporiose disease presence - Estimation t/ha Hd Heading time Heading time Heading time. Plant StrigaInc Striga incidence Striga incidence on Sorghum plants. Plant Striga Incidence A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the lipid content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Lipid content NIRS - Measurement Internode Internode ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter InterNodSucrDM Determination of alcohol-soluble fructose content in dry matter - Measurement Determination of alcohol-soluble fructose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Lignin determination in dry matter after hydrolysis by acetyl bromide. The protocol for lignin determination by acetyl bromide (Lignin) was adapted from Fukushima and Hatfield (2001). Internode samples were lyophilized after sampling and crushed (<100 µm) with mixer mill (Retsch MM301). Cell wall residues (CWR, i.e. structural carbohydrates) were prepared from 100 mg of the powder weighted precisely. Samples were washed twice in 5 ml of distilled water at 80°C. After centrifugation (10 minutes, 10000 rpm), the pellet was rinsed twice in 5 ml of absolute ethanol for 15 min at 80°C, then rinsed twice in 5 ml of acetone at room temperature for 10 min and left to dry under a fume hood overnight at room temperature. CWR was weighed to calculate the percentage of CWR in dry matter. Lignin from the prepared cell wall residue (5 mg +/- 1 mg) was solubilized in 1 ml (V1) of acetyl bromide solution (acetyl bromide/acetic acid (1/4, v/v)) in a glass vial at 55°C for 2.5 hours under shaking. Samples were then let to cool down at room temperature and 1.2 ml of NaOH 2M/acetic acid (9/50, v/v) was added in the vial. 0.1 mL (V2) of this sample was transferred in 300 µl of 0.5M hydroxylamine chlorhydrate and mixed with 1.4 ml of acetic acid. The absorbance (A280) of the samples was measured at 280 nm. Lignin determination in dry matter using hydrolysis by acetyl bromide and spectrophotometry - Computation InterNodIVOMD Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Main shoot stem density Main shoot stem Main shoot stem density MnShoStmDen Density Calculate using the formula. Leaf Biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation GCov Score (0-5) MnShoPcleBaseHt Main shoot stem height based on the position of the base of the panicle Main shoot stem height based on the position of the base of the panicle Main shoot stem Height Grain Proportion of remaining grain after decortication. GDecYld Grain decortication yield decortication yield Grain protein content Grain protein content GProt Protein content of whole grain. Sorghum shoot fly incidence Plant Sorghum shoot fly incidence Shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) incidence on sorghum plants. SSFlyInc Plant agronomic appreciation - Estimation Observation of the morphology of the variety to give an agronomic score. Leaf biomass moisture content. LfMoi Leaf biomass moisture content Leaf biomass Moisture content EndoCol Score (1-2) Foliar anthracnose severity Leaf FAnthrSev Foliar anthracnose severity on Sorghum, disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Foliar anthracnose severity Tillers dry matter content Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) dry matter content TllrDM Dry matter content Tiller GMoldInc Score (1-9) Dry matter basis yield Stem biomass The stem biomass yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Stem Biomass dry matter basis yield StmDMYld GSz Score (1-5) grain/panicle Grain size for target market/use  Grain Quality and adequacy of the size for target use and/or markets size for target use/Market GrSzUs Main shoot stem last ligulated leaf height - Measurement Measure plant height from the ground to the ligule insertion of the last ligulated leaf of the main shoot stem LfDMYld Dry matter basis yield Leaf biomass Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield The leaf biomass expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. Length of the peduncle to panicle base. length PedLng Peduncle Peduncle length Dry weight MnShoPcleSampleDW Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle sample dry weight Main shoot panicle sample dry weight Mean Striga vigor - Estimation Rate the mean vigor (biomass) of Striga plants in the plot. Internode cellulose content of dry matter InterNodCellDM Cellulose content of the dry matter Internode cellulose content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Whole above ground biomass dry matter content - Measurement Panicles sample dry weight PcleSampleDW Panicles Panicles sample dry weight Dry weight Higher Heating Value obtained through the measurement of the energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen in a bomb calorimeter using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. Method abbreviation: HHVDMNIRS Determination of higher heating value of the dry matter - Prediction Flag leaf FlgLfW Flag leaf weight weight Weight of the flag leaf. hours SootStr Score (0-1) degree celsius days Striga plant Number - Counting Count Striga plant number in the plot or area, usually performed at maturity of sorghum or on regular intervals during the vegetative stages of sorghum. grain/m2 Red-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. internode Red-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2) Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section InterNodZ2RedArea Plant height PH Plant height Length of the main stalk from the base of the stalk to the tip of the panicle. NHH Number of harvested hills in the plot. harvested number Number of harvested hills Hill Record the date of sowing. Sowing date - Measurement Main shoot stem MnShoStmFW Main shoot stem fresh weight Fresh weight Main shoot stem fresh weight PcleDMYld Panicle dry matter basis yield Panicle The panicle yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Dry matter basis yield StmHvYld Yield at harvest Stem biomass yield at harvest The stem biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Stem biomass Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for cellulose determination in the dry matter - Computation Cellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSCellDMNIRS Observe leaf vein color. Leaf vein color - Estimation Measure the length of the internode from the top of the bottom node to the bottom of the top node Internode length - Measurement Whole above ground biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Stem length length Length of the main stem. Stem StmLng PcleDsirblty Score (1-5) Total leaf weight without flag leaf weight. Rest of leaves weight Rest of leaves weight LFWT1 Observe glumes color. Glume color - Estimation Glume color Color of the glumes. GlmCol color Glume Stem juice volume - Measurement Measuring the volume of juice collected after pressing sorghum stem. Compute the stem volume as the sum of the individual volume of each internode along the stem using internode length and diameter and assuming that internodes are cylinders Stem volume calculation - Computation None Overall performance vs local  OvPrfvLoc Stover Biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. StmJQ Stem juice juice volume Juice volume extracted from stem. Stem juice volume Leaves dry weight Dry weight LfDW Leaves dry weight of the main shoot and of the tillers Leaves Main shoot leaves sample dry weight Main shoot leaves Main shoot leaves sample dry weight MnShoLfSampleDW Dry weight Yield as expressed by the farmer in a TRICOT trial Grain GrYldQual Grain yield (qualitative) Yield qualitative LfVCol Score (1-2) Measure the area of the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section - Measurement agronomic appreciation AgApp Plant type desirability. Plant Plant agronomic appreciation GCov Score (1-5) Insect damage - Estimation Observe and record damage caused by insects. Tillers sample fresh weight Tillers Sample fresh weight TllrSampleFW Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) sample fresh weight NmLCH4g: normal litre of CH4 per gram MnShoPcleDW Dry weight Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle dry weight Calculate the fresh weight of an organ per plant, based on the fresh weight of the organs of n plants and the number of plants of the pool. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Fresh weight of an organ per plant based on a pool of n plants - Computation Panicle exertion Length of peduncle emerged from the flag leaf sheath. PcleEx Panicle exertion GRnd roundness Grain roundness Grain Roundness of the grain. Julian day Plant Antho Presence of anthocyanin in the plant. Plant anthocyanin presence anthocyanin presence Number Total number of leaves emitted on the main shoot since the sowing. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing Number of main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing MnShoLfNo LodgInc Score (1-5) Internode ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter Ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter Internode InterNodGlucDM Days to maturity - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to maturity. PcleThrs Score (1-9) Number variable_of The P2R respresents the photoperiod sensitivity computed according to the CERES model. CERES model considers that, above criticial photoperiod (P2O), a linear growth of the duration of the vegetative phase (in degree days) as a function of photoperiod. The slope of this line (P2R) defines photoperiod-sensitivity. Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient P2R - Computation opening Glumes opening. GlmOp Glume opening Glume Panicle selected number NSPcle Panicle Number of selected panicles selected in breeding nursery. selected number Node length - Measurement Measure the phytomer length and the internode length and calculate the difference color Color of the grain. Grain Grain color GCol Main shoot stem soluble sugars content in dry matter Main shoot stem Soluble sugars content in dry matter Main shoot stem soluble sugars content in dry matter MnShoStmSSDM Main shoot leaves water content Main shoot leaves water content MnShoLfWC Main shoot leaves Water content Observe the overall shape of the panicle and its compactness based on florets density. Panicle compactness and shape - Estimation MnShoStmSampleFW Fresh weight Main shoot stem sample fresh weight Main shoot stem sample fresh weight Main shoot stem Measure the width of the panicle at the widest position. Panicle width - Measurement Visual observation of plants for presence of anthocyanin. Plant anthocyanin presence - Estimation Vigor Score (1-5) Internode Blue-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Blue-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2) Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section InterNodZ2BlueArea Node Dry weight NodDW Node dry weight Node dry weight. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Panicle off type number - Counting Count the number of off-types panicles. MJ/kg Stover biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Grain weight per panicle - Computation Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Value derived from the analysis of stover using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Nitrogen digestibility NIRS - Measurement Internode inner zone (Z2) dry weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ2DW Internode inner zone (Z2) dry weight Internode Dry weight StoPrbTol Storage problems tolerance None Stem Sodium content - Measurement Determination of Sodium content by using nitric acid digestion method (AAS & ICP-OES). Compute the sum of alcohol-soluble sugar quantities in dry matter Determination of alcohol-soluble sugars content in dry matter - Computation GShpDors Score (1-3) Grain dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. panicle/plot LfHvYld Leaf biomass yield at harvest Yield at harvest The leaf biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Leaf biomass stem of the main shoot StmMnShoCellCWR cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Visual assessment of lodging incidence. Plant lodging incidence - Estimation AgApp Score (1-5) StmMnShoIVCWRD stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem In Vitro Cell Wall Residues digestibility Main shoot stem In Vitro Cell Wall Residues digestibility In Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility Main shoot stem Main shoot stem dry weight MnShoStmDW Dry weight Main shoot stem dry weight Calculate downy mildew incidence on plants. Sorghum downy mildew incidence - Computation ToCons Score (1-5) To color color To Color of TO porridge prepared from the sorghum grain. ToCol Dry matter content of an organ - Computation Calculate the dry matter of an organ based on its fresh weight and its dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C). The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). size The size of the grain. GSz Grain Grain size Panicle Panicle density. PcleDen Panicle density density Calculate using the formula. Panicle harvest index - Computation Coleoptile color - Estimation Observe coleoptile color. stem of the main shoot mineral matter content of dry matter Main shoot stem mineral matter content of dry matter StmMnShoMMDM Main shoot stem mineral matter content of dry matter Record stem biomass weight. Stem biomass Yield at harvest - Measurement Grain shape in profile view - Estimation Visual assessment of grain shape. Number of vascular bundles in the internode inner zone (Z2). Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. internode InterNodZ2VB Vascular bundles number in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Number of vascular bundles in the internode inner zone (Z2) soluble sugars including starch content of dry matter MnShoStmRoughSSDM Main shoot stem Main shoot stem soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS: Rough Soluble Sugars) weight Main shoot stem soluble sugars including starch weight In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) obtained from the Aufrere reference analysis, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Methode abbreviation: AufrereIVDMDNIRS Aufrere method using NIRS calibration for In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility - Prediction LfMRCol Leaf midrib color midrib color Leaf midrib color. Leaf Count selected panicles per progeny. Panicle selected number - Counting Compute the number of degree days (Thermal time) from emergence to ligulation of the flag leaf. Thermal time from emergence to the ligulation of the flag leaf was computed using an algorithm developed by Jones and Kiniry (1986), considering that growth speed increases as a linear function of temperature between a base and an optimal temperature, and then decreases linearly between optimal and maximal temperature. Cardinal temperatures were 11∞C for base temperature (Tb) (Lafarge and Hammer, 2002), 34∞C for optimum temperature (Topt) and 44∞C for maximum temperature (Tmax) (Abdulai et al., 2012). Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation - computation Panicle The threshability of the panicle, either difficult to thresh, freely threshable or partly threshable. PcleThrs Panicle threshability threshability mg/g Marketability  None Mkt Seedling vigor - Estimation Comparative visual observation of plant biomass (length, width, number of leaves) 15 days after sowing. Stem elongated internodes number - Counting Count of the number of elongated internodes at maturity on the main stem. GCol Score (1-6) Stover biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record Stover Biomass weight after harvest. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield Dry matter basis yield Whole above ground biomass The whole above ground biomass expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. Whole above ground biomass Soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS) weight based on the organ soluble sugars (including starch) concentration and the organ dry weight. Method abbreviation: RoughSSNIRSDW Determination of soluble sugars including starch weight - Computation StmMnShoCellDM Main shoot stem cellulose content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem cellulose content of dry matter cellulose content of dry matter Panicle harvested number Number of effectively harvested panicles. Panicle harvested number PcleHNo Count and weigh 100 grains. Hundred Grain Weight - Measurement hill Endosperm texture - Estimation Visual assessment of vitreous endosperm on a grain section. Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient of the variety based on CERES model Panicle P2R CERES model considers that, above criticial photoperiod (P2O), a linear growth of the duration of the vegetative phase (in degree days) as a function of photoperiod. The slope of this line (P2R) defines photoperiod-sensitivity. Photoperiod-sensitivity-coefficient-CERES Grain size - Estimation Visual observation for grain boldness. Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Grain moisture content - Measurement Seedling Seedling vigor SdlgVig vigor Seedling vigor assessment. Main shoot leaf Main shoot leaves dry weight Main shoot leaves dry weight Dry weight MnShoLfDW Calculate using the formula. Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Standard method for metabolised energy. Stover metabolised energy - Measurement PcleDW Panicle Dry weight Panicles dry weight Panicles dry weight Stover biomass StoDMYld Dry matter basis yield The stover biomass yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Stover Biomass dry matter basis yield kg/plot MidgeInc Score (1-5) MatApp Score (1-5) Basal tillers fresh weight Basal tiller Basal tillers fresh weight Fresh weight BasalTllrFW Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground dry matter biomass yield (t/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Stover biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation GermRt Rate of germination Germination Rate  Panicle exertion - Measurement Measure length of the peduncle emerged from flag leaf sheath to base of the panicle. Leaf Leaf color Leaf color. LfCol color Panicle yield at harvest Panicle Yield at harvest PcleHvYld The weight of panicles expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. MJ/kg adhesion GlmAd Glumes adhesion. Glume adhesion Glume Determination of alcohol-soluble glucose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Determination of alcohol-soluble glucose content in dry matter - Measurement Main shoot leaves fresh weight Main shoot leaf Main shoot leaves fresh weight Fresh weight MnShoLfFW Leaf Biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Variety photoperiod sensitivity coefficient Kp Variety Coefficient of sensitivity to photoperiod of the variety. Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient Harvest time Harvest time. Harvest time Hvst Plant Grain yield at harvest - Measurement Record grain weight after harvest. Internode Soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode soluble sugars content in dry matter InterNodSSDM Internode soluble sugars content in dry matter Stem biomass Dry matter content StmDMC Stem biomass dry matter content. Stem biomass dry matter content Protein content NIRS - Measurement A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the protein content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Crude Fiber determination using NIRS calibration - Prediction Crude Fiber content (Cellulose Brute de Weende) predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration has to be provided. The Cellulose Brute de Weende or Cellulose de Weende corresponds to the organic residue obtained after a double hydrolysis realized successively with an acid and a basic solution (De Weende Method). The measurement of the cellulose brute de Weende corresponds to an estimation by default of the content in cell wall as this one is in reality two to four times more important. At the same time, it corresponds to an estimation by excess of the cellulose content as the residue also contains a variable fraction of lignin and hemicelluloses. Method abbreviation: CFDMNIRS Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSNDFNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for NDF determination in the dry matter - Prediction GlmCol Score (1-4) StrigaMeanVig Assessment of the Striga maximum vigor. Striga Mean vigor Striga mean vigor color The color of the coleoptile. ColeopCol Coleoptile Coleoptile color Plant vegetative growth rate - Computation Calculate vegetative growth rate. Dry matter content of the Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) - Computation Calculate the dry matter of the whole above-ground biomass based on the ratio of the sums of the fresh and dry weights of the different organs (stem, leaves and panicle of the main shoot) Total mineral content based on reference values obtained by ashing at 550°C. In the case of this method Mineral Matter (MM) concentration is predicted using a NIRS calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: MMNIRS Mineral Matter determination in the dry matter using NIRS calibration - Prediction tiller Measure the blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Measurement MnShoStmBMPDM Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Total Solids (TS) (TS being equivalent to the Dry Matter DM) Main shoot stem Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Total Solids (TS) (TS being equivalent to the dry matter). Biochemical methane potential based on the dry matter Calculate the inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section in comparison with the total internode cross section area Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section - Computation Internode Internode hemicellulose content of dry matter InterNodHemiDM Hemicellulose content of the dry matter Internode hemicellulose content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. MnShoStmVol Main shoot stem Main shoot stem volume Main shoot stem volume Volume stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem lignin content of dry matter Main shoot stem lignin content of dry matter lignin content of dry matter StmMnShoLigDM Count the number of planting holes with plants 5-10 days after emergence. Number of Hills at Seedling - Counting Stem biomass moisture content Stem biomass Moisture content StmMoi Stem biomass moisture content. Stover biomass Moisture content Stover biomass moisture content StoMoi Stover biomass moisture content. Ranking:3 Assessment of glumes adhesion. Glume adhesion - Estimation Grain desirability - Estimation Record desirable grain appearance, size (if it matters), presence and absence of mold and testa of the grain. InterNodDM Dry matter content Internode Internode dry matter content. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode dry matter content green leaf/main shoot Sorghum stem borer incidence - Computation Calculate incidence of stem borer on plants. Leaf Biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record Leaf Biomass weight after harvest. FP Score (1-3) Measure the length from the bottom of the node below the internode to the top of the internode Phytomer length - Measurement Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record Whole Above Ground Biomass weight after harvest. Empty panicle number Number of empty or missing panicles, mainly due biotic or abiotic stresses, as heat, frost, bird or midge damage. Empty panicle number EPcleNo Determination of alcohol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter - Measurement Determination of alcohol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) index GlmOp Score (0-2) Internode Internode length InterNodLng Internode length. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Length Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Panicle moisture content - Measurement Rust incidence - Computation Calculate rust incidence on plants. Compute number of days required from sowing to heading Days to Heading - Computation Roundness of grain estimated by image analysis. Roundness of the grain is defined as the ratio of the Minor Axis length to Major Axis length deduced from an ellipse fitted to the shape of the grain. Grain roundness - Measurement panicle harvest index Proportion of harvested panicle weight over whole above ground biomass weight. PcleHI Plant Panicle harvest index FAnthrRes Score (1-5) vascular bundle g/m2 /day Calculated from flowering data at two different sowing dates as: ([DFLF1]-[DFLF2])/([Sowing2]-[Sowing1]) where DFLF1= date of flag leaf appearance for sowing date 1, DFLF2= date of flag leaf appearance for sowing date 2 Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient - Computation Grain amylose content by DSC - Measurement Whole grain is ground and 10mg of flour is used for measurement by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of the enthalpy change of the formation of complexes between amylose and phospholipid observed during cooling. StmJSC Stem juice sugar content Sugar content in sorghum stem juice. sugar content Stem juice method_of tiller/plant Observe and record striga incidence on sorghum plants. Striga Incidence - Estimation Plant vigor - Estimation Comparative visual observation of the biomass of plants (length, width, number of leaves). Stay green   StGr None In a sample, cut grains lengthwise and observe the color of the endosperm. Endosperm color - Estimation Leaf to stem weight ratio - Computation Compute leaf to stem weight ratio. scale_of Measure plant height from the ground to the base of the panicle of the main shoot stem Main shoot stem panicle base height - Measurement Calculate the outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section in comparison with the total internode cross section area Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section - Computation The weight of grain per sample (single, 100, 200, 1000). Grain weight weight Grain GW Stem structural density calculation - Computation Compute the stem structural density based on the ratio of the main stem dry weight excluding the soluble sugars and the main stem volume Absent-Present Score (0-1) GCol Score (1-9) Tolerance to Pests - the pest identification is documented in complementary data PtTol Pest tolerance  internode GlmAd Score (1-5) leaf/plant Panicles dry matter content Panicles PcleDM Dry matter content Dry matter content of main shoot and tillers panicles EndoT Score (1-5) Measure length of the panicle from the first primary branch to the top. Panicle length - Measurement Record the date of harvest Harvest date - Measurement In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD) obtained from the Aufrere reference analysis and predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: AufrereIVOMDNIRS Aufrere method using NIRS calibration for In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility determination - Prediction StrigaInc Score (1-5) CMS Score (1-3) Internode InterNodZ1Area Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode outer zone (Z1) area GMoldInc Score (1-5) Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for cellulose determination in the NDF - Computation Cellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSCellNDFNIRS.