3 21 - 30% damage 100% Floury 5 JF Rami GHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD MnShoPcleWC_WCSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmDM_DM_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DWPoolSumOrg_g ICRISAT Jayashree B RUST_pct RustInc_C_pct LOST_pct Jayashree B LfStmWRatio_C_pct ICRISAT CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann BVP_M_dcd PAN-basic-vegetative-phase_PAN28_dd StoPrbTol_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure JF Rami AMY_pct__DSC GAmy_DSC_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoHemiCWR_VSHemiNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD LfDMYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD 4 Brown Jayashree B ICRISAT SDMInc_C_pct SDMF_pct CIRAD MnShoStmStructDen_StmStructDen_gcm3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise Jayashree B PcleHI_C_pct ICRISAT PHI_pct PcleEx_M_cm Jayashree B PEXC_cm ICRISAT Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrFW_FWPoolM_g MnShoWABDM_DMSumOrg_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DWM_g CIRAD JF Rami/D Pot Hvst_date_jd Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodMMDM_MMNIRS_pct CIRAD MnShoPcleSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD StoHvYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD Yellow 2 FLT_date_ymd FLfL_date_ymd JF Rami FLfL_date_jd FLT_date_jd CIRAD GLUAWN_0_2 CIRAD GlmAwn_E_0to2 JF Rami StGr_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob OvPrf_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Very Good 5 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1RedArea_Z1RAM_mm2 PcleHvNo_Ct_pclePlot NHP_pcle Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER CIRAD InterNodFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1DW_DWM_g > 50% of molded grains surface on panicle (Highly Sensitive, HS) 5 5 HS JF Rami CIRAD StoMoi_M_pct 0 Not aristed 8 Striga plants number is > 40, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 10 NHH_Ct_hill NHH_hills Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER GYld_E_1to5 YLDSCORE_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien 0.75 grain covered 3 GRSHP_score GShpDors_E_1to3 FLW_date_ymd Flo_date_ymd CIRAD AMY_pct__NIRS GAmy_NIRS_pct JF Rami InterNodFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER SVIG_1_5 SdlgVig_E_1to5 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoGrLfNo_Ct_GrLfMnSho 7 dark brown PH_cm PH_M_cm Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure DisTol_CompRank_Rk3 JF Rami CIRAD WAGBMoi_C_pct CIRAD InterNodFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmSSDM_LuffShSSDMNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD Jayashree B GRNO_grn_m2 GNo_C_grnm2 ICRISAT Soft 3 3 50% Vitreous, 50% Floury StmLng_M_cm JF Rami/D Pot CIRAD Clarisse Barot INERA GlmAd_E_1to5 GLUMAD_score Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodSucrDM_SucrDMM_mgg InterNodZ1FW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob Tst_CompRank_Rk3 JF Rami StmHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD SYLD_kg_ha ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure GCol_CompRank_Rk3 Compact elliptic 9 FLW_date_jd Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER Flo_date_jd Eva Weltzien StrigaInc_E_1to5 STRSE_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien JQ_ml StmJQ_M_ml MnShoPcleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TTPI_C_dc CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann PAN_inititation-thermal-time_PAN26_dd Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDiaMax_InterNodDiaMaxM_mm CIRAD 1 mix MnShoLfDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVCWRD_IVNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD InterNodArea_InterNodAM_mm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD InterNodSSDM_LuffShSSDMNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent 3 MR StmMnShoCFDM_CFDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD LfFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Thr_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure JF Rami CIRAD StoMoi_C_pct JF Rami GDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami PEDL_cm CIRAD PedLng_M_cm yellow 3 Niaba Teme IER Mali GWPP_g GWPcle_C_gpcle Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleFW_FWM_g Mat_C_day DTMAT_day CIRAD, INRAE MnShoStmBMPVS_BMPVSNIRS_NmLCH4g Latrille Eric, Rossard Virginie, Carrère Hélène, Pot David, PotierFrançoise 5 More than 40% of plants damaged ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure PlSur_CompRank_Rk3 Striga plants number is between 6-20, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 1 3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PhytomLng_LngM_cm LODG_1_5 Clarisse Barot INERA LodgInc_E_1to5 CIRAD GDMC_M_pct JF Rami Jayashree B LfMRCol_E_1to5 LMC_1_5 ICRISAT 3 Acceptable color MS_E_1to3 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien MS_1_3 Jayashree B NdlTNo_E_tllr ICRISAT NDLT_1_5 GW_100grnM_g W100G_g Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER CIRAD InterNodDia_InterNodDiaM_mm Pot David, PotierFrançoise LCLR_1_2 Jayashree B LfCol_E_1to2 ICRISAT Striga plants number is between 6-20, and no branches 2 CIRAD PROT_pct__KJE GProt_Kjdl_pct JF Rami CIRAD TllrDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise 4 26-50% of grains damaged on a panicle, (Susceptible, S) MnShoPcleDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Germrt_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure No damaged Panicle 1 JF Rami GDENS_g GDen_M_kghl CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD StmMnShoLigDM_VSADLDMNIRS_pct 5 Very good CIRAD JF Rami ET_1_5 EndoT_E_1to5 1 Bad CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2BlueArea_Z2BAM_mm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2FW_FWM_g Stobly_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure GDWT_g DecGW_M_g Jayashree B GSz_E_1to5 ICRISAT SSZE_1_5 NA 6 Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2Area_Z2A_pct CIRAD MnShoPcleSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD HELMINTH_0_1 CIRAD Helminth_E_0to1 JF Rami JF Rami PcleLng_M_cm PANL_cm CIRAD GD_E_1to5 GD_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien A lot of adherent glumes 1 CIRAD MnShoLfNo_Ct_LfMnSho Pot David, PotierFrançoise Peduncle recurved (inflorescence below ligule and clearly exposed splitting the 4 elliptic 2 GLstr_E_0to1 Jayashree B ICRISAT 3 pearly white InterNodLigDM_AcBrL_mgg Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Coleopcol_E_1to2 Clarisse Barot Colcol_1_2 INERA PCleWWoG_M_gpcle ICRISAT PWTMG_g Jayashree B Variety to reject 1 FP_E_1to3 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien FP_1_3 Jayashree B ODG_pct StoOMD_NIRS_pct ICRISAT InterNodZ2DW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD FANTH_1_5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER FAnthrRes_E_1to5 Emer_date_ymd Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure GHrd_CompRank_Rk3 JF Rami PERTH_0_2 CIRAD PerThk_E_0to2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleDW_DWPool_g 2 Poor CIRAD TOCONS_1_5 ToCons_E_1to5 JF Rami PGMR_1_9 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT Bamako GMoldSev_E_1to9 Kp_index Kp_C_index JF Rami CIRAD NBGRLV_leaves JF Rami GLNo_Ct_lfplnt CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD StmMnShoMMDM_MMNIRS_pct SC_pct StmJSC_pct ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme MSCORE_1_5 MidgeInc_E_1to5 ICRISAT/IER Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDW_DWM_g Jayashree B PBTNo_Ct_tllr ICRISAT light red 9 21-30% area covered with small necrotic coalescing lesions, MR 5 Acceptable vigor 3 1 Very low vigor StoDMYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD 2 Yellow MnShoStmSampleDW_DWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PGMR_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako GMoldSev_E_1to5 26-40% of grains on the panicles damaged 4 4 Dense panicle MnShoStmRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRSDW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD JF Rami LfHvYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD PcleEx_E_1to4 4 31 - 40% damage PNo_Ct_plntPlot PNP_plants ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien GV_1_5 PVig_E_1to5 Jayashree B GSCoat_E_0to1 SSCT_0_1 ICRISAT CIRAD InterNodCWRDM_VSNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise W1000G_g GW_1000grnM_g 75% Vitreous, 25% Floury 2 JF Rami CIRAD PcleDMC_M_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD NodFW_FWM_g CIRAD InterNodDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfSampleDW_DWM_g CIRAD Good for the Zone 3 GrSzUs_CompRank_Rk5 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure 1 Yellow NodDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD LfMoi_M_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoCWRDM_VSNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD IER Mali Niaba Teme GDecYld_C_pct GDYD_pct ICRISAT/IER SdlgNo_Ct_plntPlot NSPLT_plants Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoHemiDM_VSHemiDMNIRS_pct GlmOp_E_0to2 INERA GLUMOP_0_2 Clarisse Barot GMoi_C_pct JF Rami CIRAD Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER GANTH_1_5 GAnthrSev_E_1to5 Other 6 ICRISAT/IER/CIRAD PcleHvYld_M_gPlot Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme/JF Rami Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure AbSt_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodIVOMD_AufrereIVOMDNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD StmMnShoCPDM_KjdlCPNIRS_pct 0 no rotation MatApp_E_1to5 MA_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien CIRAD Hd_C_day JF Rami/D Pot InterNodZ2Area_Z2AM_mm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodCFDM_CFDMNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD StmDMC_M_pct 1 Very difficult, less than 50% of grains threshed Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako NOTP_pcle PcleOTNo_Ct_pclePlot 5 very small Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure OvPrfvLoc_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob 9 76-100% of grains surface molded, (Highly Susceptible, HS) MnShoStmDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleDMYld_C_gPlot JF Rami CIRAD 4 NA CIRAD JF Rami ToCol_E_1to5 TOCOL_1_5 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleDW_DWPool1Plt_g ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure GSz_CompRank_Rk3 11 - 20% damage 2 Hd_date_ymd HD_date_ymd CIRAD JF Rami WAGBDMC_M_pct CIRAD PROT_pct__NIRS JF Rami GProt_NIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodHemiDM_VSHemiDMNIRS_pct CIRAD StoHvYld_M_gPlot CIRAD JF Rami 2 †Exserted (2-10 cm between ligule and inflorescence base) InterNodSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD LIP_pct__SOX GLip_Sox_pct CIRAD JF Rami Eva Weltzien NSP_pcle NSelPcle_Ct_pcle ICRISAT Bamako Jayashree B StoND_NIRS_pct ICRISAT NDG_pct StmK_M_pct ICRISAT STK_pct Jayashree B Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmDW_DWM_g CIRAD 6-10% leaf area covered with hypersensitive small lesions, R 3 PcleFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Mat_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure InterNodADFDM_VSADFDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD NodLng_LngM_cm Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Very Late for the Zone 5 1 Presence of disease symptoms InterNodLng_M_cm Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme SIL_cm ICRISAT/IER CIRAD JF Rami StmDMYld_C_kgha 6 31-40% of grains surface molded, (Susceptible, S) WAGBDMYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD CIRAD MnShoStmDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLfDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2RedArea_Z2RAM_mm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD JF Rami/Eva Weltzien StoDMYld_C_gPlot CIRAD/ICRISAT Bamako Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleBaseHt_LngM_cm CIRAD CIRAD InterNodZ1Area_Z1A_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD HI_C_pct Jayashree B HI_pct ICRISAT dark green 2 InterNodHemiCWR_VSHemiNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent JF Rami LfDMC_M_pct CIRAD 2 dull green 3 Black CIRAD SootStr_E_0to1 SOOTSTR_0_1 JF Rami GStdYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami JW_g ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien StmJW_M_g very bold to medium 2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfWC_WCSamp_pct CIRAD Striga plants number ? 5, and no branches 1 2 0.50 grain covered ENG_MJ_kg ICRISAT Jayashree B StoEng_M_MJkg 0 to < 1 % leaf area with mild yellow flecks, HR 1 MnShoStmWC_WCSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodCWRDM_CWRGravM_pct CIRAD InterNodLigDM_VSADLDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise DS_date_ymd Sow_date_ymd Mixed 1 JF Rami CIRAD GMoi_M_pct Grain surface completely covered 1 FANTH_1_9 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER FAnthrSev_E_1to9 CIRAD/ICRISAT LfDMYld_C_gPlot LFWT_g JF Rami/Jayashree B Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DW_g StmMnShoADFDM_VSADFDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise Full lodging 5 StrigaMeanVig_E_0to9 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien MVSP_0_9 1-5% of grains surface molded, (Resistant, R) 2 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodIVDMD_AufrereIVDMDNIRS_pct Jayashree B Flo_C_day ICRISAT FLW_dto_day ICRISAT FLGWT_g Jayashree B FlgLfW_DW_gPlot Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodFructDM_FructDMM_mgg 1 very bold Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2RedArea_Z2RA_pct CIRAD ICRISAT LFWT1_g Jayashree B RestLfW_C_g ICRISAT DTHV_day Hvst_dto_day Jayashree B MnShoLfSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme NEP_pcle ICRISAT/IER EPcleNo_Ct_pclePlot JF Rami CIRAD WAGBMoi_M_pct GRotation_E_0to2 Clarisse Barot GRROT_0_2 INERA Good color 2 InterNodCellCWR_VSCellNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD 1 light green 1 White 5 21-30% of grains surface molded, (Moderately Susceptible, MS) InterNodSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodGlucDM_GlucDMM_mgg JF Rami CIRAD PcleDMYld_C_kgha InterNodCPDM_KjdlCPNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD 4 11-20% of grains surface molded (Moderately Resistant, MR) Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodLng_LngM_cm 0 No symptoms CIRAD JF Rami StmMoi_C_pct BasalTllrFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDM_DM_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD WAGBHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD StmMoi_M_pct JF Rami 51-75 % leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, HS 8 CIRAD MnShoPcleDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLastLiguLfHt_LngM_cm Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD GLUMCOL_1_4 JF Rami CIRAD GlmCol_E_1to4 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PcleThrs_E_1to9 ICRISAT/IER PANTHRS_1_9 CIRAD GStdYld_C_kgplot JF Rami 6 51 - 60% damage Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrSampleDW_DWM_g 4 grain fully covered StmNa_M_pct Jayashree B SOD_pct ICRISAT white 1 1 < 1 % of grains surface molded (Highly Resistant, HR) PcleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD GRNRD_num GRnd_M_num JF Rami CIRAD TllrDM_DM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD GNoPcle_C_grnpcle NBGPAN_grn_pcle JF Rami Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrSampleFW_FWM_g Loose erect primary branches 4 InsDmg_E_1to9 INSD_1_9 ICRISAT Jayashree B 4 75% Grain Surface Covered red 2 0 absent Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2BlueArea_Z2BA_pct CIRAD MnShoLfFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 1 Very low 6 31-40% area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, S PcleMoi_M_pct JF Rami CIRAD 7 61 - 75% damage 1-10% of molded grains surface on panicle (Resistant, R) 2 elliptic 2 MnShoPcleFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 4 Sticky InterNodDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmDW_DW_g InterNodCellDM_VSCellDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise TllrFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD FLfL_C_day JF Rami FLT_dto_day CIRAD MnShoLfFW_FWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami Slightly exserted (<2 cm but ligule of flag leaf definitively below inflorescence base) 1 PcleFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Acceptable 3 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme NSH_plants ICRISAT/IER NSH_Ct_hill GCov_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien GRNCOV_1_5 EndoCol_E_1to2 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER ENDCOL_1_2 CIRAD InterNodZ1RedArea_Z1RA_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise Antho_E_0to2 JF Rami CIRAD ANTHO_0_2 CIRAD MnShoStmVol_StmVol_cm3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfDW_DWPool_g CIRAD Anthocyanin 2 entity GCol_E_1to6 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER GRNCOL_1_6 PD_1_5 PcleDsirblty_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien JF Rami GDMYld_C_gPlot CIRAD Striga plants number is between 21-30, and number of branches per striga plant is > 5 5 100% Vitreous 1 CIRAD LfMoi_C_pct JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVOMD_AufrereIVOMDNIRS_pct Low Vigor 2 Good vigor 4 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLfDM_DM_pct InterNodNo_Ct_internod JF Rami INTNN_internodes CIRAD Eva Weltzien MAXVSP_0_9 StrigaMaxVig_E_0to9 ICRISAT Bamako 1 Very Early for the zone Very poor 1 present 1 ICRISAT SSFlyInc_C_pct SSFLY_pct Jayashree B Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDiaMin_InterNodDiaMinM_mm white 1 4 26-40% damaged plants 1-10% damaged plants 2 Maldandi 3 9 76-100% leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, HS CIRAD MnShoLfDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Very sticky 5 1 Presence of disease symptoms CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrFW_FWM_g 0 % of grains damaged on a panicle, (Highly Resistant, HR) 1 PcleDen_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien PDEN_1_5 MnShoStmFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD MnShoPcleFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 1 green GYldQual_CompRank_Rk4 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure CIRAD StmMnShoCellDM_VSCellDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise ETNo_Ct_tllrplnt ETN_tillers ICRISAT/CIRAD JF Rami/Jayashree B StmHvYld_M_gPlot MnShoLfDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD StmMnShoCellCWR_VSCellNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise Very good color 1 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob PtTol__CompRank_Rk3 CIRAD GHvYld_M_gPlot JF Rami Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLiguLfNo_Ct_LiguLfMnSho Buff 5 StmDMYld_C_gPlot JF Rami CIRAD Thick 2 MnShoLfFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD ICRISAT PcleWid_M_cm Jayashree B PWDTH_cm GHrd_M_pct JF Rami GHD_pct CIRAD CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann P2O_C_hours PAN_critical-photoperiod_PAN27_h Jayashree B GCol_E_1to9 SDCLR_1_9 ICRISAT NA 8 Good, 90 to 94% of grain threshed 7 > 50% of grains damaged on a panicle (Highly Susceptible, HS) 5 4 Good Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1Area_Z1AM_mm2 6 Striga plants number is between 31-40, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 10 LfVCol_E_1to2 Jayashree B LVC_1_2 ICRISAT ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure PcleLng_CompRank_Rk3 Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVDMD_AufrereIVDMDNIRS_pct CIRAD 4 Bad color CIRAD, INRAE MnShoStmBMPDM_BMPDMNIRS_NmLCH4g Latrille Eric, Rossard Virginie, Carrère Hélène, Pot David, PotierFrançoise JF Rami CIRAD StoDMC_M_pct GermTim_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob green 1 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD LfDW_DW_g cream 8 JF Rami/Jayashree B WAGBDMYld_C_gPlot CIRAD/ICRISAT CIRAD LfHvYld_M_gPlot JF Rami NodDM_DM_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Acceptable 3 AgApp_E_1to5 AGAPP_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien Eva Weltzien Hd_date_jd HD_jd ICRISAT Bamako 2 rotation StmMnShoLigCWR_VSADLNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDM_DM_pct CIRAD MnShoStmDen_StmDen_gcm3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 3 Lowest rank 2 Texas 5 Very Good 2 Middle rank 5 glumes longer than grain 0.25 grain covered 1 6 Semi-loose erect primary branches No lodging 1 MnShoStmHHVDM_HHVDMNIRS_MJkg CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent GShpProf_E_1to3 GRSHPPROF_1_3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2VBDen_VBDen_vbmm2 CIRAD CIRAD GLip_NIRS_pct JF Rami LIP_pct__NIRS ICRISAT Bamako StrigaNo_Ct_plntPlot Eva Weltzien NSTRIGA_plants PcleNo_Ct_pclePlot ICRISAT NBPN_pcle Jayashree B attribute IAVAO_group PcleDM_DMSamp_pct SBorerInc_C_pct Jayashree B SB_pct ICRISAT 3 circular 2 Very loose erect primary branches Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleSampleDW_DWM_g Red 2 5 Excellent vigor Mix 2 3 Acceptable Aristed 2 2 NA InterNodSSDM_SSDMGut_mgg Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 1 HR Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2VB_Ct_vb Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleDW_DWPool_g CIRAD Hvst_date_ymd JF Rami/D Pot 75 - 90% damage 8 2 open Jayashree B PCPT_1_9 PcleCptSh_E_1to9 ICRISAT Mkt__CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Need to Test Again 2 0 closed Very interesting Variety, Want to Test 3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PcleDW_DW_g 4 26-50% of molded grains surface on panicle (Sensitive, S) MnShoStmFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 3 11-25% of grains on the panicles damaged WAGBHvYld_M_gPlot JF Rami CIRAD 5 No adherent glumes 5 purple 3 Acceptable 4 Good 3 Red Grain Surface completely not Covered 5 Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodIVCWRD_IVNDFDNIRS_pct CIRAD medium 3 Early for the zone 2 1 Very lax panicle (typical of wild sorghums) 1-10% of grains on the panicles damaged 2 4 25% Vitreous, 75% Floury Good 4 Striga plants number is > 40, and number of branches per striga plant is >10 9 InterNodLigCWR_VSADLNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD Difficult, 60 to 69% of grain threshed 3 WAGBDMYld_C_tha BM_t_ha 11-25% damaged plants 3 Middle rank 2 acronym GCov_E_0to9 4 High lodging 1 Milo PcleMoi_C_pct JF Rami CIRAD TTFL_C_dcd CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann FLAG-appearance_FLA5_dd Low lodging 2 1 Very thick 0 Tan More 40% of grains on the panicles damaged 5 2 Some Problems TllrDW_DWPool1PltSumOrg_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 41-50% leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, S 7 Very loose panicle 1 > 90% damage 9 3 Very loose drooping primary branches Some problems 2 3 50% Grain Surface Covered P2R_C_ddhp PAN_PPS-CERES Michel Vaksmann CIRAD/IER 4 S 0 No symptoms White 1 8 Semi-compact elliptic Mat_date_ymd DMAT_date_ymd narrow elliptic 1 3 Medium lodging Niaba Teme Mat_date_jd DMAT_jd IER Mali 1 Highest rank No Striga 0 3 Lowest rank 5 41 - 50% damage <10% damage 1 5 Very Good 5 Very dense panicle 4 medium to very small †Well-exserted (>10 cm between ligule and inflorescence base) 3 Very bad color 5 1-5% leaf area covered with hypersensitive small lesions, R 2 Some adherent glumes 3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDM_DMSamp_pct CIRAD red 5 Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRS_pct CIRAD 5 Loose drooping primary branches 5 intermediate 80 to 84% of grain threshed narrow elliptic 1 brown 4 2 1-10% of grains damaged on a panicle (Resistant, R) 4 yellow 11- 25% of molded grains surface on panicle (Moderately Resistant, MR) 3 2 25% Grain Surface Covered Semi-loose drooping primary branches 7 Excellent 99 to 100% of grain threshed 9 Striga plants number is between 31-40, and number of branches per striga plant is > 10 7 2 R 4 Late for the Zone 2 Loose panicle sorghum ontology Sorghum ontology light brown 6 circular 3 0 grain uncovered 41-50% of grains surface molded, (Susceptible, S) 7 white 2 11- 25% of grains damaged on a panicle ( Moderately Resistant, MR) 3 3 Intermediate panicle 4 11-20% leaf area covered with small necrotic lesions, MR 4 Good Highest rank 1 3 6-10% of grains surface molded, (Resistant, R) 2 chalky white Bad 1 Mix 4 4 Striga plants number is between 21-30, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 5 51-75 % of grains surface molded, (Highly Susceptible, HS) 8 0% of molded grains surface on panicle (Highly Resistant, HR) 1 VGR_g_m2_day VGR_C_gm2day 1 No damaged plants NA 2 Thin pericarp 1 Thick pericarp 0 mix 1 Half broom corn 11 1 Mix of aristed and not aristed plants NA 4 2 Low Internode InterNodFructDM Ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter Basal tillers fresh weight Fresh weight Basal tiller BasalTllrFW Basal tillers fresh weight % Germination time Time of germination after planting Grain Germination time GermTim mineral matter content of dry matter Main shoot stem mineral matter content of dry matter StmMnShoMMDM Main shoot stem mineral matter content of dry matter stem of the main shoot In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) obtained from the Aufrere reference analysis, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Methode abbreviation: AufrereIVDMDNIRS Aufrere method using NIRS calibration for In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility - Prediction Fresh weight InterNodZ1FW Internode outer zone (Z1) fresh weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Internode outer zone (Z1) fresh weight Visual observation for grain boldness. Grain size - Estimation g/plot Grain Harvest index - Computation Compute proportion of harvested grain weight over whole above ground biomass weight. Ranking: 3 g Panicle exertion Panicle exertion PcleEx Length of peduncle emerged from the flag leaf sheath. Grain number - Computation Calculate using the formula. kg/ha Whole above ground biomass dry matter content WAGBDMC Whole above ground biomass Dry matter content Whole above ground biomass dry matter content. Calculate the dry weight of an organ per plant, based on the fresh weight of the organs of a pool of n plants, the dry matter content of the organ estimated on a sample and the number of plants of the pool. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Dry weight of an organ per plant based on a pool of n plants - Computation Dry matter content of the Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) - Computation Calculate the dry matter of the whole above-ground biomass based on the ratio of the sums of the fresh and dry weights of the different organs (stem, leaves and panicle of the main shoot) Panicle off type number PcleOTNo Panicle Panicle off-type number. off type number Calculate using the formula. Leaf Biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Thermal time to panicle inititation initiation-thermal-time Thermal time to panicle inititation derived from the Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation (TTFL) using the linear formula proposed by Folliard et al. (2004) Panicle TTPI Dry weight of an organ of one single plant - Measurement Dry the fresh organ 72 hours at 60 °C and weigh the dried organ. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Record stem biomass weight. Stem biomass Yield at harvest - Measurement Observe and record striga incidence on sorghum plants. Striga Incidence - Estimation Internode minimum diameter Internode minimum diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodDiaMin Minimum diameter Soluble sugars content in dry matter Main shoot stem soluble sugars content in dry matter MnShoStmSSDM Main shoot stem soluble sugars content in dry matter Main shoot stem To ToCons To consistency consistency Consistency of TO porridge prepared from the sorghum grain. Storability   None Stobly Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Whole above ground biomass dry matter content - Measurement Calculate using the formula. Stover biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Record date when 50% of the plants in a plot reached fag leaf ligulation stage. Flag leaf ligulation - date estimation Harvested Hills - Counting Count the number of planting holes harvested effectively. Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Measurement Measure the blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Grain rotation Grain rotation Grain rotation. GRotation Stem biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Maturity date - Estimation Record maturity date, observed as onset of black spot on the bottom of the grain panicle. Panicle Number of selected panicles selected in breeding nursery. Panicle selected number selected number NSPcle Internode soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS: Rough Soluble Sugars) content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode soluble sugars including starch content of dry matter InterNodRoughSSDM Internode Soluble sugars, including starch, content of dry matter Biomethane potential obtained from the protocol proposed by Angelidaki et al., 2009 (https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/59/5/927/15563/Defining-the-biomethane-potential-BMP-of-solid) using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. As the calibration available provides BMP estimates in NmLCH4g-1 of Volatile Solids (VS), these estimates are converted in NmLCH4g-1 of Dry Matter (DM) expressed in normal conditions (0°C, 1.013 bar) and per gram of DM (NmLCH4g-1) following the formula: BMP_DM=BMP_VS*(DM-MM)/DM where VS is the volatile solid content (g/g raw matter), DM the dry matter and MM the mineral matter (in %DM). Biomethane potential determination in volatile solids using NIRS calibration - Prediction Cellulose content of the dry matter Internode Internode cellulose content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. InterNodCellDM Internode cellulose content of dry matter cm Calculate using the formula. Stover biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Variety Appreciation of maturity time of the variety by comparing to local check variety. Maturity appreciation MatApp Variety maturity appreciation Foliar anthracnose severity Leaf FAnthrSev Foliar anthracnose severity on Sorghum, disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Foliar anthracnose severity Organic matter digestibility NIRS - Measurement Value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover, using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Plant Leaf to stem weight ratio Leaf to stem weight ratio LfStmWRatio The ratio of leaves weight over stem weight. Presence of anthocyanin in the plant. anthocyanin presence Antho Plant Plant anthocyanin presence PcleSampleDW Panicles sample dry weight Dry weight Panicles sample dry weight Panicles Main shoot stem cellulose content of dry matter cellulose content of dry matter StmMnShoCellDM stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem cellulose content of dry matter Grain number Panicle Number of grains per panicle. GNoPcle Grain number per panicle Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle dry matter content Main shoot panicle dry matter content MnShoPcleDM Dry matter content Basic-vegetative-phase Basic vegetative phase BVP Panicle Basic Vegetative Phase Stem biomass Yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Fresh weight MnShoPcleSampleFW Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle sample fresh weight Main shoot panicle sample fresh weight Stover biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Leaf biomass moisture content Leaf biomass Leaf biomass moisture content. Moisture content LfMoi Stem length length Length of the main stem. Stem StmLng Comparative ranking by users method Ranking of phenotypes based on field observations/on testing of food products ​ Stem juice volume - Measurement Measuring the volume of juice collected after pressing sorghum stem. Main shoot leaves MnShoLfSampleDW Main shoot leaves sample dry weight Main shoot leaves sample dry weight Dry weight Overall preference  OvPrf None MnShoStmBMPVS Main shoot stem Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Volatile Solids (VS) Biochemical methane potential based on volatile solids Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Volatile Solids (VS) PcleFW Panicles fresh weight Panicle Fresh weight Panicles fresh weight Maximum vigor Striga maximum vigor Striga Assessment of the Striga mean vigor. StrigaMaxVig Visual assessment of glumes opening. Glume opening - Estimation Quality and adequacy of the size for target use and/or markets Grain size for target market/use  size for target use/Market Grain GrSzUs EndoT Endosperm texture texture Proportion of vitreous endosperm. Endosperm Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Panicle dry matter content - Measurement index Main shoot stem volume Main shoot stem Main shoot stem volume Volume MnShoStmVol Grain dry matter content. GDMC Dry matter content Grain dry matter content Grain Glume opening Glume opening GlmOp Glumes opening. Grain lustre - Estimation Visual observation for seed lustrousness. Tillers sample fresh weight Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) sample fresh weight Sample fresh weight Tillers TllrSampleFW Plant anthocyanin presence - Estimation Visual observation of plants for presence of anthocyanin. Record desirable grain appearance, size (if it matters), presence and absence of mold and testa of the grain. Grain desirability - Estimation Days to flowering - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing to flowering. Vascular bundle density in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section InterNodZ2VBDen internode inner zone Vascular bundle density in the internode inner zone (Z2). Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Vascular bundle density in the internode inner zone (Z2) Panicle density. density Panicle Panicle density PcleDen Crude Fiber content (Cellulose Brute de Weende) predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration has to be provided. The Cellulose Brute de Weende or Cellulose de Weende corresponds to the organic residue obtained after a double hydrolysis realized successively with an acid and a basic solution (De Weende Method). The measurement of the cellulose brute de Weende corresponds to an estimation by default of the content in cell wall as this one is in reality two to four times more important. At the same time, it corresponds to an estimation by excess of the cellulose content as the residue also contains a variable fraction of lignin and hemicelluloses. Method abbreviation: CFDMNIRS Crude Fiber determination using NIRS calibration - Prediction Number of harvested hills Hill NHH Number of harvested hills in the plot. harvested number Visually asset losses of grain in harvested panicles, damage usually caused by birds, insects, midges, breakages, etc. Empty panicle number - Counting InterNodSucrDM Internode ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Internode Ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Grain GAnthrSev Grain anthracnose severity on grain caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Grain anthracnose severity Grain anthracnose severity Internode Internode length. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode length InterNodLng Length PcleHI Proportion of harvested panicle weight over whole above ground biomass weight. panicle harvest index Panicle harvest index Plant Standard method for metabolised energy. Stover metabolised energy - Measurement AgApp Plant agronomic appreciation Plant type desirability. agronomic appreciation Plant Stem Potassium content - Measurement Determination of Potassium content by using nitric acid digestion method (AAS & ICP-OES). Fresh weight of a sample of an organ - Measurement Weigh the fresh sample of an organ. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). GLstr Grain lustre Grain lustre. lustre Grain Fresh weight Main shoot and tillers panicles fresh weight PcleFW Panicle Main shoot and tillers panicles fresh weight StmNdlTNo Stem nodal tiller number Stem Number of nodal tillers arising from the upper nodes in sorghum stem. nodal tillering Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Stover biomass dry matter content - Measurement Main shoot leaves Main shoot leaves sample fresh weight MnShoLfSampleFW Fresh weight Main shoot leaves sample fresh weight Internode Acid detergent fiber content of the dry matter Internode acid detergent fiber content of dry matter. This fraction contains lignins, cellulose, silica and insoluble forms of nitrogen but not hemicellulose. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode acid detergent fiber content of dry matter InterNodADFDM Internode inner zone (Z2) fresh weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode inner zone (Z2) fresh weight Fresh weight InterNodZ2FW Internode Grain anthracnose severity - Estimation Record disease severity at maturity on a sample of 5 panicles or more. color Glume color GlmCol Color of the glumes. Glume Stover biomass Stover biomass moisture content Stover biomass moisture content. StoMoi Moisture content Calculate the water content of an organ based on the fresh weight and the dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C) of a sample Water content of an organ - Computation Plant VGR Plant vegetative growth rate vegetative growth rate Vegetative growth rate. In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD) obtained from the Aufrere reference analysis and predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: AufrereIVOMDNIRS Aufrere method using NIRS calibration for In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility determination - Prediction Harvest time. Harvest time Plant Hvst Harvest time Number of vascular bundles in the internode inner zone (Z2). Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ2VB Vascular bundles number in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Number of vascular bundles in the internode inner zone (Z2) internode Grain weight The weight of grain per sample (single, 100, 200, 1000). Grain weight GW Pericarp thickness Thickness of sorghum grain pericarp PerThk Pericarp thickness An assessment of male sterility on the panicle. Cytoplasmic male sterility cytoplasmic male sterility CMS Plant Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Whole above ground biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure diameter with a calliper rule on the narrowest section of the internode Internode minimum diameter - Measurement Twenty grams of grain is milled in a Falling Number KT 30 mill and sifted for 1 min through a 250-µm sieve using an air jet sifter (Alpine 200LS). PSI is determined as the proportion of milled grain passing through the sieve. Grain hardness PSI - Measurement Storage problems tolerance None StoPrbTol SootStr Score (0-1) MnShoStmHHVDM Main shoot stem higher heating value of the dry matter Main shoot stem Higher Heating Value of the dry matter Main shoot stem higher heating value of the dry matter Moisture content GMoi Grain moisture content. Grain Grain moisture content Panicle Grain weight GWPcle The weight of grains per panicle. Grain weight per panicle Count the number of off-types panicles. Panicle off type number - Counting Stover StoND Stover nitrogen digestibility nitrogen digestibility Stover Nitrogen digestibility value. Helminthosporiose disease presence Leaf Helminthosporiose disease presence Helmenthosoriose disease symptoms presence/absence. Helminth Stem biomass moisture content StmMoi Stem biomass moisture content. Stem biomass Moisture content Internode soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode InterNodSSDM Soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode soluble sugars content in dry matter number Seedling number after thinning. Seedling Seedling number SdlgNo PerThk Score (0-2) Node length - Measurement Measure the phytomer length and the internode length and calculate the difference PcleDsirblty Score (1-5) leaf/main shoot Grain shape in profile view. Grain Grain shape in profile view shape in profile view GShpProf None Tst Taste  Proportion of remaining grain after decortication. GDecYld Grain decortication yield decortication yield Grain Phytomer Phytomer length. Phytomer rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Phytomer stands here for phytomer of the main shoot. PhytomLng Length Phytomer length Node dry matter content Node NodDM Node dry matter content. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Dry matter content GlmAwn Score (0-2) Plant Flowering time. Flowering time Flowering time Flo PcleCpt Score (1-13) StmHvYld Stem biomass Yield at harvest Stem biomass yield at harvest The stem biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. MnShoStmRoughSSDM Main shoot stem soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS: Rough Soluble Sugars) weight soluble sugars including starch content of dry matter Main shoot stem soluble sugars including starch weight Main shoot stem Leaf color - Estimation Observe leaf color. Calculate using the formula. Grain number per panicle - Computation Main shoot stem sample dry weight Main shoot stem sample dry weight Dry weight MnShoStmSampleDW Main shoot stem Count of the number of elongated internodes at maturity on the main stem. Stem elongated internodes number - Counting Calculate using the formula. Grain yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Panicle dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Node Node length. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. NodLng Node length Length Calculate the fresh weight of an organ per plant, based on the fresh weight of the organs of n plants and the number of plants of the pool. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Fresh weight of an organ per plant based on a pool of n plants - Computation Leaf biomass dry matter content. LfDMC Leaf biomass Leaf biomass dry matter content Dry matter content Critical photoperiod - computation The critical photoperiod corresponds to the day length at the intersection of the slope corresponding to the Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient (i.e. line between the thermal times to panicle emergence (in ∞days) observed for different photoperiod durations (in hours)) and the basic vegetative phase photoperiod (in hours) Internode sample dry weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodSampleDW Internode sample dry weight Dry weight Internode Total leaf weight without flag leaf weight. Rest of leaves weight Rest of leaves weight LFWT1 Determination of soluble sugars content in dry matter using the Luff-Shoorl reference method - Prediction Soluble sugars content obtained from the Luff-Shoorl reference method using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: LuffShSSDMNIRS Stem volume calculation - Computation Compute the stem volume as the sum of the individual volume of each internode along the stem using internode length and diameter and assuming that internodes are cylinders Calculate rust incidence on plants. Rust incidence - Computation InterNodArea Cross section area Internode Internode cross section area. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode cross section area Determination of alcohol-soluble glucose content in dry matter - Measurement Determination of alcohol-soluble glucose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Tiller Tillers dry matter content Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) dry matter content Dry matter content TllrDM Calculate using the formula. Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation FAnthrRes Score (1-5) Leaf biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. method_of Lipid content of the whole grain. Grain Grain lipid content lipid content GLip General Score (1-5) tiller/plant Visual observation of covering of grain by glumes. Grain covering - Estimation Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) dry matter content MnShoWABDM Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) dry matter content Dry matter content Main shoot stem water content Main shoot stem Water content Main shoot stem water content MnShoStmWC Higher Heating Value obtained through the measurement of the energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen in a bomb calorimeter using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. Method abbreviation: HHVDMNIRS Determination of higher heating value of the dry matter - Prediction Panicle density - Estimation Observe panicle length, distance between branches and the number of spikelets with grain and record panicle density. Aufrere and Van Soest methods using NIRS calibration for In vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility determination - Computation In Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility computation based on Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions. Information used to compute this trait correspond to the In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD) estimated using Aufrere reference methods, the Mineral Matter content (MM) and the Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) content estimated using the Van Soest reference methods. length Panicle Length of the panicle. PcleLng Panicle length Tiller Basal and nodal tillers fresh weight TllrFW Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) fresh weight Fresh weight Internode hemicellulose content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. InterNodHemiDM Internode Internode hemicellulose content of dry matter Hemicellulose content of the dry matter Main shoot stem Main shoot stem sample fresh weight Fresh weight MnShoStmSampleFW Main shoot stem sample fresh weight Maximum Striga vigor - Estimation Rate the maximum vigor (biomass) of Striga plants in the plot. threshability Panicle Panicle threshability The threshability of the panicle, either difficult to thresh, freely threshable or partly threshable. PcleThrs Panicle Critical photoperiod : In short day plants, flowering occurs when day length becomes shorter than a critical photoperiod. Critical photoperiod Critical-photoperiod P2O number Plant number PNo Plant Plant number per plot. grain/panicle Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to maturity. Days to maturity - Computation Red-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ2RedArea Red-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2) Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section internode StGr None Stay green   The farmer observes the different plots and assigns a preference score using a scale predefined. Variety farmer preference - Estimation MnShoGrLfNo Number of main shoot green leaves Number of green leaves on the main shoot. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. main shoot green leaves Number Measure the internode cross section area using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Internode cross section area - Measurement Using refractometer (or hydrometer) to determine the Brix. Stem juice sugar content Brix method - Measurement LfDW Leaves dry weight Dry weight Leaves dry weight of the main shoot and of the tillers Leaves Thousand Grain Weight - Measurement Count and weigh 1000 grains. Internode Cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot Internode cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues InterNodCellCWR Measure plant height, usually recorded in several plants 15 to 20 days after the end of flowering. Plant height - Measurement Panicle Dry matter content PcleDMC Panicle dry matter content Panicle dry matter content. Crude Protein (CP) concentration estimated from the total nitrogen content (N) measured by Kjeldahl method, with the relationship CP = N*6.25. It is predicted using a NIRS calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Mehod abbreviation: KjdlCPNIRS Kjeldahl method using NIRS calibration for crude protein determination in the dry matter - Prediction Main shoot leaves water content Water content MnShoLfWC Main shoot leaves water content Main shoot leaves CMS Score (1-3) mg/g Node dry weight. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Node Dry weight Node dry weight NodDW Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Calculate the blue-colored area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z2 area Count Striga plant number in the plot or area, usually performed at maturity of sorghum or on regular intervals during the vegetative stages of sorghum. Striga plant Number - Counting LfMRCol midrib color Leaf midrib color Leaf Leaf midrib color. GShpProf Score (1-3) Sorghum shoot fly incidence SSFlyInc Sorghum shoot fly incidence Shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) incidence on sorghum plants. Plant Stem Number of elongated internodes on the main stem. Stem elongated internodes number elongated internodes number InterNodNo Main shoot stem height based on the position of the base of the panicle Height Main shoot stem MnShoPcleBaseHt Main shoot stem height based on the position of the base of the panicle Dry matter content of main shoot and tillers panicles Dry matter content PcleDM Panicles Panicles dry matter content GCov Score (0-5) Days to harvest - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to harvest. Number of hills with plants at seedling stage. NSH number Number of seedling hills Hill Harvest date - Measurement Record the date of harvest lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem lignin content of Cell Wall Residues stem of the main shoot StmMnShoLigCWR Main shoot stem lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Compute vascular bundle density taking into account their number and the area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section. Vascular bundle density in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Sorghum rust incidence Incidence of rust on sorghum plants. Causative agent: Puccinia purpurea. Sorghum rust incidence RustInc Plant Internode Cell Wall Residue content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of the dry matter Internode Cell Wall Residue content of dry matter Internode InterNodCWRDM Grain subcoat Grain subcoat presence Presence or absence of a seed subcoat. GSCoat presence Sample dry weight Tillers sample dry weight Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) sample dry weight TllrSampleDW Tillers StrigaNo Striga Striga plant number plant number Striga plant number. Internode lignin content of dry matter InterNodLigDM Internode lignin content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode Lignin content of the dry matter Calculate using the formula. Panicle moisture content - Computation Panicle harvested number Panicle Number of effectively harvested panicles. PcleHNo harvested number Calculate the dry weight of the organs of a pool of n plants, based on the fresh weight of the organs of n plants and the dry matter content of the organ. Here the dry matter content of the tillers is calculated as the average dry matter of the different organs of the main shoot (the hypothesis is that the tillers have the same proportions of the different organs than the main shoot, what is wrong). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Dry weight of an organ for a pool of n plants - Computation Node fresh weight NodFW Fresh weight Node Node fresh weight. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of dry matter stem of the main shoot StmMnShoHemiDM Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of dry matter hemicellulose content of dry matter Protein content NIRS - Measurement A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the protein content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Panicles sample fresh weight Panicles PcleSampleFW Panicles sample fresh weight Fresh weight Stover Biomass dry matter basis yield StoDMYld Dry matter basis yield Stover biomass The stover biomass yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. number Green leaves number Number of green leaves. Green leaves GLNo Internode InterNodZ2DW Dry weight Internode inner zone (Z2) dry weight Internode inner zone (Z2) dry weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Calculate the dry weight of an organ for a single plant, based on its fresh weight and the dry matter content estimated on a sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry weight of an organ of one single plant based on a sample - Computation Main shoot stem crude protein content of dry matter Main shoot stem crude protein content of dry matter crude protein content of dry matter StmMnShoCPDM stem of the main shoot vascular bundle Variety photoperiod sensitivity coefficient Variety Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient Kp Coefficient of sensitivity to photoperiod of the variety. Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSNDFNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for NDF determination in the dry matter - Prediction Grain amylose content by DSC - Measurement Whole grain is ground and 10mg of flour is used for measurement by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of the enthalpy change of the formation of complexes between amylose and phospholipid observed during cooling. Internode lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Internode Lignin content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode lignin (ADL) content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot InterNodLigCWR Observe and record the presence/absence of sooty stripe disease symptoms. Sooty stripe disease presence - Estimation Main shoot leaves dry matter content MnShoLfDM Main shoot leaves dry matter content Main shoot leaf Dry matter content Tillers fresh weight TllrFW Tiller Fresh weight Tillers fresh weight Field observation of panicles for the presence of infertility by observing the shape of the anthers. Cytoplasmic male sterility - Estimation Internode length - Measurement Measure the length of the internode from the top of the bottom node to the bottom of the top node Panicle weight without grain Panicle PCleWWoG Weight of the panicle without grain. weight without grain yyyymmdd Record disease severity at the soft-dough stage on the top four leaves that contribute most to grain development or on all plant. Foliar anthracnose severity - Estimation Leaf vein color LfVCol Leaf Pigmentation of the leaf-vein. vein color Emergence time Seedling emergence time Emer Seedling Emergence time Glume Glume adhesion Glumes adhesion. GlmAd adhesion Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield The leaf biomass expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. Leaf biomass Dry matter basis yield LfDMYld Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for cellulose determination in the dry matter - Computation Cellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSCellDMNIRS Grain desirability Grain GD Grain desirability of the variety. desirability Main shoot panicle fresh weight Fresh weight Main shoot panicle fresh weight Main shoot panicle MnShoPcleFW Plant Maturity time Maturity time. Maturity time Mat Number of main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing - Counting Count all leaves on the main shoot of the plant FAnthrRes Foliar anthracnose response Foliar anthracnose response Foliar anthracnose response on Sorghum, disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Leaf Fresh weight InterNodSampleFW Internode sample fresh weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Internode sample fresh weight Comparative visual observation of the biomass of plants (length, width, number of leaves). Plant vigor - Estimation Weigh the fresh organs of a pool of n plants. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Fresh weight of an organ for a pool of n plants - Measurement Plant Sorghum stem borer incidence Sorghum stem borer incidence SBorerInc Stem borer (Chilo partellus) incidence on sorghum plants. Plant basal tiller number - Counting Counting of plant basal tiller number. Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for ADF determination in the dry matter - Prediction Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADFDMNIRS Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Calculate the red-colored area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z2 area Grain roundness - Measurement Roundness of grain estimated by image analysis. Roundness of the grain is defined as the ratio of the Minor Axis length to Major Axis length deduced from an ellipse fitted to the shape of the grain. Threshability  None Thr Count of number of green leaves. Green leaves number - Counting Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record Whole Above Ground Biomass weight after harvest. MnShoStmDW Main shoot stem Dry weight Main shoot stem dry weight Main shoot stem dry weight Decorticated grain weight - Measurement Record the decorticated grain weight of a sample after dehulling. awnedness GlmAwn Glume awnedness Presence of an awn on the glumes. Glume Flowering date - Estimation Record date when 50% of plants in a plot reach the flowering stage. Hemicellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSHemiDMNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for hemicellulose determination in the dry matter - Computation MidgeInc Score (1-5) Stover Stover metabolised energy StoEng metabolised energy Metabolised energy value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover. Number Farmer choice of the variety. Variety farmer preference Plant farmer preference FP kg/hl Main shoot stem crude fiber content of dry matter StmMnShoCFDM Main shoot stem crude fiber content of dry matter stem of the main shoot crude fiber content of dry matter Measure the area of the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section - Measurement Main shoot stem panicle base height - Measurement Measure plant height from the ground to the base of the panicle of the main shoot stem Whole above ground biomass WAGBMoi Whole above ground biomass moisture content Moisture content Whole above ground biomass moisture content. Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing - Counting Count ligulated leaves on the main shoot of the plant emitted since the sowing Main shoot stem cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues StmMnShoCellCWR cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues stem of the main shoot AbSt Tolerance to abiotic stress - stress type is docuelnetd in complementary data Abiotic stress tolerance  Main shoot stem Fresh weight Main shoot stem fresh weight MnShoStmFW Main shoot stem fresh weight Main shoot stem In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Main shoot stem In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility StmMnShoIVDMD stem of the main shoot Panicle length - Measurement Measure length of the panicle from the first primary branch to the top. Count green leaves on the main shoot of the plant Number of green leaves on the main shoot - Counting Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ1Area Internode outer zone (Z1) area Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section Internode GCov Score (1-5) In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility InterNodIVCWRD Internode Effective tiller number - Counting Count effective tiller number. Panicle Panicle desirability desirability PcleDsirblty Desirability of the panicle shape. Grain Grain covering Proportion of grain surface covered by glumes GCov covering Internode maximum diameter - Measurement Measure diameter with a calliper rule on the widest section of the internode Effective tiller ETN Number of tillers bearing a panicle. Effective tiller number number Measure length of the peduncle to the first primary branch of panicle. Peduncle length - Measurement Absent-Present Score (0-1) Sowing time Sowing time. Sow Plant Sowing time juice volume StmJQ Juice volume extracted from stem. Stem juice volume Stem juice Calculate using the formula. Panicle dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation LfFW Leaves Leaves fresh weight of the main shoot and of the tillers Leaves fresh weight Fresh weight Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) internode Red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section InterNodZ1RedArea NmLCH4g: normal litre of CH4 per gram MnShoPcleDW Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle dry weight Dry weight Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Total Solids (TS) (TS being equivalent to the dry matter). Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Total Solids (TS) (TS being equivalent to the Dry Matter DM) Biochemical methane potential based on the dry matter MnShoStmBMPDM Main shoot stem Plant Plant vigor vigor Adult plant vigor assessment. PVig Main shoot stem In Vitro Cell Wall Residues digestibility stem of the main shoot StmMnShoIVCWRD Main shoot stem In Vitro Cell Wall Residues digestibility In Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility Grain color Grain color Color of the grain. GCol Internode mineral matter content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Mineral matter content of dry matter Internode Internode mineral matter content of dry matter InterNodMMDM GCol Score (1-6) PcleHvYld Panicle The weight of panicles expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Yield at harvest Panicle yield at harvest Plant agronomic appreciation - Estimation Observation of the morphology of the variety to give an agronomic score. Water content MnShoPcleWC Main shoot panicle water content Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle water content InterNodHemiCWR Internode Internode hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Internode hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) GShpDors Grain Grain shape in dorsal view. Grain shape in dorsal view shape in dorsal view day juice weight Stem juice Stem juice weight Weight of sorghum stem juice. StmJW Dry matter basis yield The whole above ground biomass expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield Whole above ground biomass Whole above ground biomass MnShoLastLiguLfHt Main shoot stem height based on the position of the ligule of the last ligulated leaf Height Main shoot stem height based on the position of the ligule of the last ligulated leaf Main shoot stem Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing MnShoLiguLfNo Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing Number Grain moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Cell wall residue determination in dry matter - Measurement Cell wall residue determination in dry matter based on gravimetry Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass moisture content - Computation Comparing the flowering date of the test varieties against a local variety check by considering a normal season. Variety maturity appreciation - Estimation Determination of alcohol-soluble sugars content in dry matter - Computation Compute the sum of alcohol-soluble sugar quantities in dry matter Observe presence of awn on glumes. Glume awnedness - Estimation vascular bundle/mm² Grain yield at harvest Grain GHvYld Yield at harvest The weight of grain expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Flag leaf weight - Estimation Measure flag leaves weight. PH Plant Plant height Length of the main stalk from the base of the stalk to the tip of the panicle. height Grain moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. Assessment of glumes adhesion. Glume adhesion - Estimation Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section - Computation Calculate the inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section in comparison with the total internode cross section area The weight of grain expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. Grain dry matter basis yield Grain Dry matter basis yield GDMYld Panicle PcleDW Panicles dry weight Dry weight Panicles dry weight Calculate using the formula. Grain standardized yield (kg/plot) - Computation Panicle compactness and shape Panicle compactness and shape Compactness and shape of the panicle. PcleCpt Rate the mean vigor (biomass) of Striga plants in the plot. Mean Striga vigor - Estimation Measure length of the stem from the base of the first elongated internode to the base of the peduncle Stem length - Measurement Pericarp thickness - Estimation The thickness of pericarp is visually estimated. Striga mean vigor Assessment of the Striga maximum vigor. Mean vigor StrigaMeanVig Striga GMoldInc Score (1-5) Main shoot stem dry matter content Main shoot stem Main shoot stem dry matter content MnShoStmDM Dry matter content Calculate incidence of shoot fly on plants. Sorghum shoot fly incidence - Computation panicle/plot roundness GRnd Grain Roundness of the grain. Grain roundness GShpDors Score (1-3) The P2R respresents the photoperiod sensitivity computed according to the CERES model. CERES model considers that, above criticial photoperiod (P2O), a linear growth of the duration of the vegetative phase (in degree days) as a function of photoperiod. The slope of this line (P2R) defines photoperiod-sensitivity. Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient P2R - Computation GRotation Score (0-2) LodgInc Plant Plant lodging incidence Plant lodging incidence. lodging incidence Coleoptile color - Estimation Observe coleoptile color. AgApp Score (1-5) StmMnShoCWRDM Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of dry matter Main shoot stem cell wall residue content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem cell wall residue content of dry matter Measure the red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Measurement Panicle number - Counting Harvest the panicles in the plot and count the number of panicles harvested. Soxhlet ether extraction from 5 g of flour. Lipid content Soxhlet - Measurement Lignin determination in dry matter using hydrolysis by acetyl bromide and spectrophotometry - Computation Lignin determination in dry matter after hydrolysis by acetyl bromide. The protocol for lignin determination by acetyl bromide (Lignin) was adapted from Fukushima and Hatfield (2001). Internode samples were lyophilized after sampling and crushed (<100 µm) with mixer mill (Retsch MM301). Cell wall residues (CWR, i.e. structural carbohydrates) were prepared from 100 mg of the powder weighted precisely. Samples were washed twice in 5 ml of distilled water at 80°C. After centrifugation (10 minutes, 10000 rpm), the pellet was rinsed twice in 5 ml of absolute ethanol for 15 min at 80°C, then rinsed twice in 5 ml of acetone at room temperature for 10 min and left to dry under a fume hood overnight at room temperature. CWR was weighed to calculate the percentage of CWR in dry matter. Lignin from the prepared cell wall residue (5 mg +/- 1 mg) was solubilized in 1 ml (V1) of acetyl bromide solution (acetyl bromide/acetic acid (1/4, v/v)) in a glass vial at 55°C for 2.5 hours under shaking. Samples were then let to cool down at room temperature and 1.2 ml of NaOH 2M/acetic acid (9/50, v/v) was added in the vial. 0.1 mL (V2) of this sample was transferred in 300 µl of 0.5M hydroxylamine chlorhydrate and mixed with 1.4 ml of acetic acid. The absorbance (A280) of the samples was measured at 280 nm. Dry weight of a sample of an organ - Measurement Dry the fresh organ sample 72 hours at 60 °C and weigh the dried sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Grain size The size of the grain. size Grain GSz Whole above ground biomass WAGBHvYld The whole above ground biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Yield at harvest Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest ml Visual assessment of lodging incidence. Plant lodging incidence - Estimation Grain standardized yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Calculate the outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section in comparison with the total internode cross section area Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section - Computation Stem Biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation MJ/kg Internode Internode ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter InterNodSSDM Stem biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Determination of alcohol-soluble fructose content in dry matter - Measurement Determination of alcohol-soluble fructose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for lignin determination in the dry matter - Prediction Lignin (ADL) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADLDMNIRS sugar content StmJSC Stem juice Sugar content in sorghum stem juice. Stem juice sugar content plant/plot Vigor Score (1-5) Lignin (ADL) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADLNDFNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for ADL determination in the NDF - Computation internode Helminth Score (0-1) StrigaInc Striga incidence on Sorghum plants. Striga Incidence Striga incidence Plant Soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS) concentration, calculated based on the information obtained from Van Soest, Crude Protein (CP) and Mineral Matter (MM) analyses. This methods provides an access to a rough estimate of the soluble sugars content, including starch. It is much less accurate than specific soluble sugar content methods. This trait is derived from a calculation based on results obtained from NIRS calibrations that need to be provided. Method abbreviation: RoughSSNIRS Determination of soluble sugars including starch content in the dry matter - Computation Internode lignin content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodLigDM Internode Lignin content of dry matter Internode lignin content of dry matter InterNodFW Internode fresh weight Internode fresh weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Fresh weight To Color of TO porridge prepared from the sorghum grain. color To color ToCol Panicle Yield at harvest - Measurement Record panicle weight after harvest. internodes length InterNodLng Stem internodes length The length of the internodes of the stem. Stem Endosperm color Endosperm color EndoCol Color of endosperm. Calculate using the formula. Grain dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation green leaf/main shoot Internode Crude Protein content of Dry Matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Crude protein content of dry matter Internode Internode Crude Protein content of Dry Matter InterNodCPDM Seedling vigor SdlgVig vigor Seedling vigor assessment. Seedling Number of main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing Total number of leaves emitted on the main shoot since the sowing. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. MnShoLfNo main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing Number Calculate Thermal time to panicle inititation according to the Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation (TTFL) using the linear formula proposed by Folliard et al. (2004) Thermal time to panicle inititation - Computation t/ha Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Stover Biomass moisture content - Measurement Panicle dry matter basis yield PcleDMYld The panicle yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Dry matter basis yield Panicle Visual assessment of grain shape. Grain shape in dorsal view - Estimation Insect damage Insect damage Damage caused by insects on plants. InsDmg Plant Stover Biomass moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. FlgLfW weight Flag leaf weight Flag leaf Weight of the flag leaf. Observe presence or absence of subcoat in cut grains. Grain subcoat presence - Estimation Compute the stem structural density based on the ratio of the main stem dry weight excluding the soluble sugars and the main stem volume Stem structural density calculation - Computation degree days per hour of photoperiod Calculate using the formula. Leaf Biomass moisture content - Computation MatApp Score (1-5) Internode Internode ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodGlucDM Internode ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter Ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter Measure the inner zone (Z2) area of the internode section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section - Measurement Main shoot stem In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility StmMnShoIVOMD Main shoot stem In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility stem of the main shoot In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Main shoot stem Main shoot and tillers panicles dry weight Main shoot and tillers panicles dry weight PcleDW Dry weight Panicle exertion - Measurement Measure length of the peduncle emerged from flag leaf sheath to base of the panicle. Protein content Kjeldahl - Measurement Mineralization of 1g of flour and titration of nitration content. Internode diameter - Measurement Measure manually with a calliper rule the internode diameter. This measurement must be done in the central part of the internode. PcleDen Score (1-5) GlmCol Score (1-4) Lipid content NIRS - Measurement A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the lipid content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. None Mkt Marketability  GAnthrSev Score (1-5) Hundred Grain Weight - Measurement Count and weigh 100 grains. InsDmg Score (1-9) TllrDW Tillers dry weight Dry weight Tillers dry weight Tiller Number of Hills at Seedling - Counting Count the number of planting holes with plants 5-10 days after emergence. GD Score (1-5) Grain yield at harvest - Measurement Record grain weight after harvest. Days to Heading - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing to heading Panicle threshability - Estimation At the time of threshing, visually estimate the percentage of grains and glumes adhering to assign a score corresponding. The amount (weight) of grain that was harvested per unit area. Grain Grain yield yield GYld Cellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSCellNDFNIRS. Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for cellulose determination in the NDF - Computation Manual assessment of consistency on a TO sample prepared from sorghum flour after decortication. TO consistency - Estimation Yield as expressed by the farmer in a TRICOT trial Yield qualitative Grain GrYldQual Grain yield (qualitative) Determination of Sodium content by using nitric acid digestion method (AAS & ICP-OES). Stem Sodium content - Measurement grain harvest index Plant Proportion of harvested grain weight over whole above ground biomass weight. HI Grain harvest index Stover biomass dry matter content. StoDMC Stover biomass Stover biomass dry matter content Dry matter content Internode Cell Wall Residues (CWR) content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Cell Wall Residues content of dry matter InterNodCWRDM Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of dry matter Internode Internode outer zone (Z1) dry weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodZ1DW Internode outer zone (Z1) dry weight Dry weight Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. mm² Panicle selected number - Counting Count selected panicles per progeny. hours Leaf color. LfCol Leaf color color Leaf Julian day Stem nodal tiller number - Counting Counting of stem nodal tiller number. Nitrogen digestibility NIRS - Measurement Value derived from the analysis of stover using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues StmMnShoHemiCWR hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues stem of the main shoot Stem density calculation - Computation Compute the stem density based on the ratio of the main stem dry weight and the main stem volume Dry weight MnShoLfDW Main shoot leaves dry weight Main shoot leaf Main shoot leaves dry weight StmDMYld Stem biomass The stem biomass yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Dry matter basis yield Stem Biomass dry matter basis yield Visual assessment of grain rotation. Grain rotation - Estimation Compute leaf to stem weight ratio. Leaf to stem weight ratio - Computation Record Leaf Biomass weight after harvest. Leaf Biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Stem biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Plant vegetative growth rate - Computation Calculate vegetative growth rate. Stover biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record Stover Biomass weight after harvest. GlmOp Score (0-2) Date of seedling emergence - Measurement Record date when 50% of the seedlings reach the seedling ermergence stage. Maturity  Mat None EndoCol Score (1-2) InterNodCFDM Internode Crude Fiber content of Dry Matter Crude Fiber content of Dry Matter Internode Internode CrudeFiber content of Dry Matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. LfHvYld Yield at harvest Leaf biomass yield at harvest The leaf biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Leaf biomass Measure the red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) - Measurement Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground dry matter biomass yield (t/ha) - Computation Main shoot leaf MnShoLfFW Main shoot leaves fresh weight Fresh weight Main shoot leaves fresh weight Count the number of panicles in the plot actually harvested. Panicle harvested number - Counting Grain weight per panicle - Computation Calculate using the formula. Plant number - Counting Count plants in an area or plot. Stem internodes length - Computation Use formula to compute stem internodes length. Dry matter content of an organ - Computation Calculate the dry matter of an organ based on its fresh weight and its dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C). The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). g/cm3 ligulated leaf/main shoot Strigavigor Score (0-9) GMoldInc Score (1-9) Record the date when 50% of plants show panicle emerged from boot. Heading date - Estimation Measure the length from the bottom of the node below the internode to the top of the internode Phytomer length - Measurement Grain mold severity caused by agents Aspergillus spp and/or Penicillium spp. Grain mold severity Grain Grain mold severity incidence GMoldSev PcleEx Score (1-4) LfCol Score (1-2) Tolerance to diseases - the disease type is documented in complementary data DisTol Disease tolerance  Seedling vigor - Estimation Comparative visual observation of plant biomass (length, width, number of leaves) 15 days after sowing. Flag leaf TTFL Flag leaf ligulation time or flag leaf emergence. Flag leaf ligulation time appearance protein content Grain GProt Protein content of whole grain. Grain protein content Internode maximum diameter Maximum diameter Internode InterNodDiaMax Internode maximum diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. PcleWid Panicle width Width of the panicle. Panicle width Heading time Heading time. Heading time Plant Hd LfMRCol Score (1-5) Calculate using the formula. Stem Biomass moisture content - Computation Structural density MnShoStmStructDen Main shoot stem structural density Main shoot stem structural density Main shoot stem Observe leaf vein color. Leaf vein color - Estimation Sorghum stem borer incidence - Computation Calculate incidence of stem borer on plants. Organic matter digestibility value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover, usually using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). organic matter digestibility Stover Stover organic matter digestibility StoOMD Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for Hemicellulose determination in the NDF - Computation Hemicellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSHemiNDFNIRS. panicle Leaf Biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Panicle width - Measurement Measure the width of the panicle at the widest position. Stem potassium content StmK Stem potassium content The content of potassium ion measured in the stems. Decorticated grain weight Grain weight after decortication. Decorticated grain DecGW weight EndoT Score (1-5) GAmy Grain Grain amylose content amylose content Amylose content of whole grain. Biomethane potential determination in the dry matter using NIRS calibration - Prediction Biomethane potential obtained from the protocol proposed by Angelidaki et al., 2009 (https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/59/5/927/15563/Defining-the-biomethane-potential-BMP-of-solid) using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. As the calibration available provides BMP estimates in NmLCH4g-1 of Volatile Solids (VS), these estimates are converted in NmLCH4g-1 of Dry Matter (DM) expressed in normal conditions (0°C, 1.013 bar) and per gram of DM (NmLCH4g-1) following the formula: BMP_DM=BMP_VS*(DM-MM)/DM where VS is the volatile solid content (g/g raw matter), DM the dry matter and MM the mineral matter (in %DM). Total mineral content based on reference values obtained by ashing at 550°C. In the case of this method Mineral Matter (MM) concentration is predicted using a NIRS calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: MMNIRS Mineral Matter determination in the dry matter using NIRS calibration - Prediction FAnthrSev Score (1-9) Calculate using the formula. Panicle Yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Coleoptile color Coleoptile color ColeopCol The color of the coleoptile. Sooty stripe disease presence Leaf SootStr Sooty stripe disease presence Sooty Stripe (Ramulispora sorghi) disease symptoms presence/absence. cm3 Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section Internode inner zone (Z2) area, obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode inner zone (Z2) area Internode InterNodZ2Area Grain hardness GHrd Whole grain hardness. hardness Grain Panicle desirability - Estimation Observe shape, density and grain amount per panicle before harvest or on harvested panicles and record desirability. InterNodZ2BlueArea Internode Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Blue-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2) Blue-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Number of vascular bundles in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Counting Count the number of vascular bundles in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Panicles weight without grain - Measurement Record the weight of panicle without grain. Rest of leaves weight - Computation Calculate by subtracting flag leaves weight from total leaves weight. Panicle harvest index - Computation Calculate using the formula. Calculate downy mildew incidence on plants. Sorghum downy mildew incidence - Computation Insect damage - Estimation Observe and record damage caused by insects. basic vegetative phase - Measurement Basic vegetative phase is calculated from the minimal duration of the vegetative phase. It is estimated in environment where the photoperiod is lower than the critical photoperiod (in the case of short days plant like sorghum) FP Score (1-3) Germination Rate  GermRt Rate of germination PcleThrs Score (1-9) Visual assessment of vitreous endosperm on a grain section. Endosperm texture - Estimation Fresh weight of an organ of one single plant - Measurement Weigh the fresh organ of one single plant. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Grain dry matter content - Measurement Midge incidence MidgeInc Plant Midge incidence as grain abortion on the panicles. Midge incidence ToCol Score (1-5) Stem biomass dry matter content Stem biomass dry matter content. Stem biomass StmDMC Dry matter content Observe leaf midrib color. Leaf midrib color - Estimation Record the date of harvest Harvest date - Measurement number PcleNo Number of panicles. Panicle number Panicle Panicle moisture content. Panicle moisture content Moisture content PcleMoi Panicle hill Grain density - Measurement Measure the weight of a volume of grains. StrigaInc Score (1-5) Compute the number of degree days (Thermal time) from emergence to ligulation of the flag leaf. Thermal time from emergence to the ligulation of the flag leaf was computed using an algorithm developed by Jones and Kiniry (1986), considering that growth speed increases as a linear function of temperature between a base and an optimal temperature, and then decreases linearly between optimal and maximal temperature. Cardinal temperatures were 11∞C for base temperature (Tb) (Lafarge and Hammer, 2002), 34∞C for optimum temperature (Topt) and 44∞C for maximum temperature (Tmax) (Abdulai et al., 2012). Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation - computation ColeopCol Score (1-2) Seedling number - Counting Count the total number of plants in the plot after thinning. Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation PBTNo Plant basal tiller number basal tillers number Number of basal tillers. Plant Main shoot stem last ligulated leaf height - Measurement Measure plant height from the ground to the ligule insertion of the last ligulated leaf of the main shoot stem MJ/kg Photoperiod-sensitivity-coefficient-CERES CERES model considers that, above criticial photoperiod (P2O), a linear growth of the duration of the vegetative phase (in degree days) as a function of photoperiod. The slope of this line (P2R) defines photoperiod-sensitivity. Panicle P2R Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient of the variety based on CERES model Sowing date - Measurement Record the date of sowing. Calculate the dry matter of an organ based on the fresh weight and the dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C) of a sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry matter content of an organ based on a sample - Computation Sorghum downy mildew incidence on sorghum plants. Caused by Peronospora sp. Plant Sorghum downy mildew incidence SDMInc Sorghum downy mildew incidence Endosperm color - Estimation In a sample, cut grains lengthwise and observe the color of the endosperm. GSz Score (1-5) density GDen Grain density Grain Density of the grain. Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient - Computation Calculated from flowering data at two different sowing dates as: ([DFLF1]-[DFLF2])/([Sowing2]-[Sowing1]) where DFLF1= date of flag leaf appearance for sowing date 1, DFLF2= date of flag leaf appearance for sowing date 2 Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Panicle moisture content - Measurement Peduncle length Peduncle length PedLng Length of the peduncle to panicle base. In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Internode Internode In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility InterNodIVDMD InterNodIVOMD Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Internode Internode cross section diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Cross section diameter Internode InterNodDia Internode diameter number Empty panicle Number of empty or missing panicles, mainly due biotic or abiotic stresses, as heat, frost, bird or midge damage. EPcleNo Empty panicle number PlSur Survival of plants Plant survival  Visual observation of grain color. Grain color - Estimation Internode dry matter content Internode Dry matter content InterNodDM Internode dry matter content. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Main shoot stem acid detergent fiber content of dry matter. This fraction contains lignins, cellulose, silica and insoluble forms of nitrogen but not hemicellulose. Main shoot stem acid detergent fiber content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) content of dry matter StmMnShoADFDM Compute number of days required from sowing to ligulation of the flag leaf. Days to flag leaf ligulation - Computation sodium content The content of sodium ion content measured in the stems. Stem sodium content StmNa Stem Estimate the yield of the variety, after the harvest of panicles spread on the ground, usually scored by the farmer. Grain yield score - Estimation Helminthosporiose disease presence - Estimation Observe and record the presence/absence of Helminthosporiose symptoms. StoHvYld Yield at harvest Stover biomass The stover biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Stover biomass yield at harvest Pest tolerance  Tolerance to Pests - the pest identification is documented in complementary data PtTol ToCons Score (1-5) Record severity as extent of grain surface covered with mold, usually observed when majority of grains in the middle part of panicle have matured. Molded grain show pink, orange, gray, white or black discoloration depending on the fungus involved. Grain mold severity - Estimation Panicle compactness and shape - Estimation Observe the overall shape of the panicle and its compactness based on florets density. Antho Score (0-2) The weight of grain adjusted to a standard moisture content (14%) that was harvested per unit area. Standardized yield Grain standardized yield GStdYld Grain A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the amylose content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Grain amylose content by NIRS - Measurement g/panicle Calculate using the formula. Grain dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Determination of alcohol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Determination of alcohol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter - Measurement Stem juice weight - Measurement Weight of the total amount of juice collected after pressing sorghum stems. Grain shape in profile view - Estimation Visual assessment of grain shape. stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem lignin content of dry matter StmMnShoLigDM Main shoot stem lignin content of dry matter lignin content of dry matter Visual assessment of color of a TO sample prepared from sorghum flour after decortication. TO color - Estimation Midge incidence - Estimation Observe and record incidence/damage caused by midges. GCol Score (1-9) Main shoot panicle sample dry weight MnShoPcleSampleDW Dry weight Main shoot panicle sample dry weight Main shoot panicle leaf/plant variable_of grain/m2 LodgInc Score (1-5) Ranking:3 None Overall performance vs local  OvPrfvLoc g/m2 /day kg/plot GlmAd Score (1-5) LfVCol Score (1-2) mm tiller Main shoot stem density MnShoStmDen Density Main shoot stem density Main shoot stem Grain decortication yield - Computation Calculate the ratio of the weight of a sample of grain after decortication using a Tangential Abrasive Dehulling Device (TADD) to the weight of the sample of grain before decortication. Glume color - Estimation Observe glumes color. Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) - Computation Calculate the red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z1 area, using script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. degree celsius days Soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS) weight based on the organ soluble sugars (including starch) concentration and the organ dry weight. Method abbreviation: RoughSSNIRSDW Determination of soluble sugars including starch weight - Computation scale_of