2 elliptic Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme InterNodLng_M_cm ICRISAT/IER SIL_cm JF Rami GRnd_M_num GRNRD_num CIRAD CIRAD MnShoLfDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise AbSt_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmFW_FWM_g CIRAD JF Rami/D Pot CIRAD StmLng_M_cm Brown 4 CIRAD StmMnShoCPDM_KjdlCPNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfFW_FWM_g CIRAD Some Problems 2 PcleDsirblty_E_1to5 PD_1_5 Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako MatApp_E_1to5 MA_1_5 Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako ICRISAT Bamako STRSE_1_5 Eva Weltzien StrigaInc_E_1to5 InterNodCFDM_CFDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent PGMR_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako GMoldSev_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme GRNCOL_1_6 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme GCol_E_1to6 ICRISAT/IER 3 Soft Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodSSDM_LuffShSSDMNIRS_pct CIRAD W1000G_g GW_1000grnM_g Jayashree B ICRISAT PCPT_1_9 PcleCptSh_E_1to9 MnShoStmDW_DWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLfFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise ICRISAT LfVCol_E_1to2 Jayashree B LVC_1_2 4 Good vigor StoHvYld_M_gPlot CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD GDMYld_C_kgha JF Rami CIRAD, INRAE Latrille Eric, Rossard Virginie, Carrère Hélène, Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmBMPDM_BMPDMNIRS_NmLCH4g PcleMoi_C_pct CIRAD JF Rami †Exserted (2-10 cm between ligule and inflorescence base) 2 InterNodLigDM_VSADLDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise GShpDors_E_1to3 GRSHP_score Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleSampleDW_DWM_g CIRAD TllrDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise ICRISAT GNo_C_grnm2 Jayashree B GRNO_grn_m2 ICRISAT LCLR_1_2 Jayashree B LfCol_E_1to2 3 Maldandi LFWT_g CIRAD/ICRISAT JF Rami/Jayashree B LfDMYld_C_gPlot 4 Good CIRAD JF Rami StoDMC_M_pct FP_1_3 FP_E_1to3 Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako ICRISAT/IER Flo_date_jd FLW_date_jd Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfDM_DMSamp_pct CIRAD InterNodLigCWR_VSADLNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD 1 Grain surface completely covered CIRAD InterNodSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 0 Tan CIRAD PcleDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Stobly_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob Jayashree B SDMInc_C_pct SDMF_pct ICRISAT Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme NHH_Ct_hill ICRISAT/IER NHH_hills Jayashree B SSFlyInc_C_pct ICRISAT SSFLY_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfFW_FWPoolM_g CIRAD InterNodSucrDM_SucrDMM_mgg Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PerThk_E_0to2 CIRAD JF Rami PERTH_0_2 FANTH_1_9 ICRISAT/IER FAnthrSev_E_1to9 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme NodDW_DWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako StrigaMaxVig_E_0to9 MAXVSP_0_9 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoPcleDW_DWM_g ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure PcleLng_CompRank_Rk3 Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodHemiDM_VSHemiDMNIRS_pct CIRAD CIRAD MnShoPcleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDM_DMSamp_pct CIRAD 3 Very loose drooping primary branches Jayashree B ENG_MJ_kg StoEng_M_MJkg ICRISAT CIRAD InterNodZ2VBDen_VBDen_vbmm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise White 1 CIRAD JF Rami LfMoi_M_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDW_DWPool_g LfDMC_M_pct JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2VB_Ct_vb BVP_M_dcd PAN-basic-vegetative-phase_PAN28_dd Michel Vaksmann CIRAD/IER JF Rami/Jayashree B ICRISAT/CIRAD StmHvYld_M_gPlot CIRAD StmDMC_M_pct JF Rami 4 26-50% of molded grains surface on panicle (Sensitive, S) Pot David, PotierFrançoise BasalTllrFW_FWM_g CIRAD 8 Striga plants number is > 40, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 10 PHI_pct ICRISAT Jayashree B PcleHI_C_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmSampleFW_FWM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ1FW_FWM_g JF Rami INTNN_internodes CIRAD InterNodNo_Ct_internod MS_E_1to3 Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako MS_1_3 Very loose erect primary branches 2 ICRISAT Flo_C_day Jayashree B FLW_dto_day 1 white PcleHvYld_M_gPlot Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme/JF Rami ICRISAT/IER/CIRAD Tst_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob MnShoLfDW_DWPool_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise 1 present Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1Area_Z1AM_mm2 0.25 grain covered 1 11-25% damaged plants 3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD TllrDW_DWPool1PltSumOrg_g InterNodADFDM_VSADFDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD JF Rami/Eva Weltzien CIRAD/ICRISAT Bamako StoDMYld_C_gPlot Kp_C_index Kp_index CIRAD JF Rami Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodFW_FWM_g CIRAD MnShoPcleSampleFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmDen_StmDen_gcm3 CIRAD Variety to reject 1 StmMnShoCFDM_CFDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD GV_1_5 Eva Weltzien PVig_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako StrigaMeanVig_E_0to9 MVSP_0_9 Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ2DW_DWM_g InterNodLng_LngM_cm CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmWC_WCSamp_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Highest rank 1 > 90% damage 9 InterNodMMDM_MMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent SdlgNo_Ct_plntPlot NSPLT_plants Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER 31-40% of grains surface molded, (Susceptible, S) 6 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Mat_CompRank_Rk3 CIRAD MnShoLiguLfNo_Ct_LiguLfMnSho Pot David, PotierFrançoise ICRISAT Jayashree B StoND_NIRS_pct NDG_pct GD_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako GD_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVDMD_AufrereIVDMDNIRS_pct InterNodCPDM_KjdlCPNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent Mkt__CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure Very difficult, less than 50% of grains threshed 1 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRS_pct Striga plants number ? 5, and no branches 1 PGMR_1_9 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme GMoldSev_E_1to9 ICRISAT Bamako 0 Thick pericarp NSTRIGA_plants ICRISAT Bamako StrigaNo_Ct_plntPlot Eva Weltzien 5 Very Good 3 pearly white PcleDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami 4 26-50% of grains damaged on a panicle, (Susceptible, S) CIRAD/ICRISAT JF Rami/Jayashree B WAGBDMYld_C_gPlot 50% Grain Surface Covered 3 GDen_M_kghl GDENS_g CIRAD JF Rami NEP_pcle EPcleNo_Ct_pclePlot Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER MnShoLfWC_WCSamp_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise GDYD_pct GDecYld_C_pct Niaba Teme IER Mali Clarisse Barot INERA LodgInc_E_1to5 LODG_1_5 ICRISAT PcleEx_M_cm Jayashree B PEXC_cm Niaba Teme IER Mali GWPP_g GWPcle_C_gpcle P2O_C_hours CIRAD/IER Michel Vaksmann PAN_critical-photoperiod_PAN27_h CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoMMDM_MMNIRS_pct Eva Weltzien GRNCOV_1_5 ICRISAT Bamako GCov_E_1to5 Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD 4 Good 11-25% of grains on the panicles damaged 3 FlgLfW_DW_gPlot ICRISAT FLGWT_g Jayashree B ClimMob GCol_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure acronym Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER W100G_g GW_100grnM_g green 1 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodGlucDM_GlucDMM_mgg CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleFW_FWPoolM_g CIRAD GLUMCOL_1_4 JF Rami GlmCol_E_1to4 VGR_C_gm2day VGR_g_m2_day CIRAD StoHvYld_C_kgha JF Rami Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoWABDM_DMSumOrg_pct 2 1-5% leaf area covered with hypersensitive small lesions, R GProt_NIRS_pct PROT_pct__NIRS CIRAD JF Rami NBGRLV_leaves CIRAD JF Rami GLNo_Ct_lfplnt InterNodDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PH_cm ICRISAT/IER PH_M_cm GRSHPPROF_1_3 GShpProf_E_1to3 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDia_InterNodDiaM_mm CIRAD JF Rami GMoi_C_pct Latrille Eric, Rossard Virginie, Carrère Hélène, Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD, INRAE MnShoStmBMPVS_BMPVSNIRS_NmLCH4g CIRAD GProt_Kjdl_pct PROT_pct__KJE JF Rami JF Rami CIRAD StoDMYld_C_kgha dull green 2 JF Rami GMoi_M_pct CIRAD Milo 1 MnShoGrLfNo_Ct_GrLfMnSho Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD TllrDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise A lot of adherent glumes 1 Dense panicle 4 InterNodZ2RedArea_Z2RA_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDM_DMSamp_pct CIRAD Eva Weltzien NOTP_pcle PcleOTNo_Ct_pclePlot ICRISAT Bamako 11- 25% of molded grains surface on panicle (Moderately Resistant, MR) 3 CIRAD InterNodZ2FW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD PANL_cm JF Rami PcleLng_M_cm brown 4 GANTH_1_5 GAnthrSev_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER open 2 8 NA 5 HS StGr_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob ICRISAT Bamako Eva Weltzien PDEN_1_5 PcleDen_E_1to5 StmNa_M_pct ICRISAT SOD_pct Jayashree B 2 Yellow Buff 5 GDMC_M_pct CIRAD JF Rami Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2RedArea_Z2RAM_mm2 CIRAD MSCORE_1_5 MidgeInc_E_1to5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER ICRISAT/IER ENDCOL_1_2 EndoCol_E_1to2 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme NHP_pcle Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER PcleHvNo_Ct_pclePlot SBorerInc_C_pct SB_pct ICRISAT Jayashree B WAGBDMYld_C_tha BM_t_ha 1 mix Acceptable 3 InterNodIVOMD_AufrereIVOMDNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD JF Rami LfHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleDW_DW_g CIRAD LfDMYld_C_kgha JF Rami Jayashree B SSZE_1_5 ICRISAT GSz_E_1to5 WAGBDMC_M_pct CIRAD JF Rami Flo_date_ymd FLW_date_ymd 5 red ClimMob StoPrbTol_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDM_DM_pct InterNodCellCWR_VSCellNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent 3 Acceptable PEDL_cm CIRAD PedLng_M_cm JF Rami Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDW_DWPool_g CIRAD InterNodSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise PhytomLng_LngM_cm CIRAD RestLfW_C_g Jayashree B ICRISAT LFWT1_g 1 Presence of disease symptoms CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrFW_FWM_g narrow elliptic 1 Hd_date_jd Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako HD_jd GDMYld_C_gPlot CIRAD JF Rami 4 11-20% leaf area covered with small necrotic lesions, MR CIRAD InterNodZ2BlueArea_Z2BA_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise 76-100% leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, HS 9 LfFW_FWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoIVCWRD_IVNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD ICRISAT GLstr_E_0to1 Jayashree B GHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami 4 yellow ICRISAT/IER NSH_plants NSH_Ct_hill Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme Other 6 6 NA GCov_E_0to9 Pot David, PotierFrançoise NodLng_LngM_cm CIRAD INERA Clarisse Barot GLUMOP_0_2 GlmOp_E_0to2 CIRAD JF Rami ToCol_E_1to5 TOCOL_1_5 InterNodArea_InterNodAM_mm2 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise GHD_pct CIRAD GHrd_M_pct JF Rami 4 25% Vitreous, 75% Floury CIRAD JF Rami LfMoi_C_pct GAmy_NIRS_pct AMY_pct__NIRS CIRAD JF Rami CIRAD Hd_C_day JF Rami/D Pot MnShoStmStructDen_StmStructDen_gcm3 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise LOST_pct ICRISAT LfStmWRatio_C_pct Jayashree B Red 3 YLDSCORE_1_5 Eva Weltzien GYld_E_1to5 ICRISAT Bamako Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleBaseHt_LngM_cm CIRAD InsDmg_E_1to9 INSD_1_9 Jayashree B ICRISAT JF Rami WAGBMoi_M_pct CIRAD InterNodZ2Area_Z2AM_mm2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent InterNodIVCWRD_IVNDFDNIRS_pct CIRAD GLUMAD_score Clarisse Barot GlmAd_E_1to5 INERA ICRISAT PWDTH_cm PcleWid_M_cm Jayashree B CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfDM_DM_pct Jayashree B HI_C_pct HI_pct ICRISAT NA 4 2 Loose panicle InterNodDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD ICRISAT SSCT_0_1 Jayashree B GSCoat_E_0to1 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfDW_DW_g 0 grain uncovered 1 <10% damage DTHV_day Jayashree B Hvst_dto_day ICRISAT CIRAD StmMnShoCWRDM_VSNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLastLiguLfHt_LngM_cm CIRAD InterNodZ1DW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD/IER P2R_C_ddhp PAN_PPS-CERES Michel Vaksmann CIRAD JF Rami LfHvYld_M_gPlot 31-40% area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, S 6 4 11-20% of grains surface molded (Moderately Resistant, MR) CIRAD GAmy_DSC_pct JF Rami AMY_pct__DSC CIRAD PcleSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 75% Grain Surface Covered 4 4 Late for the Zone Pot David, Potier Françoise InterNodCWRDM_VSNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD Emer_date_ymd CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodCWRDM_CWRGravM_pct CIRAD ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure GrSzUs_CompRank_Rk5 LfMRCol_E_1to5 ICRISAT Jayashree B LMC_1_5 CIRAD SOOTSTR_0_1 SootStr_E_0to1 JF Rami 7 Striga plants number is between 31-40, and number of branches per striga plant is > 10 CIRAD JF Rami StmDMYld_C_gPlot NBGPAN_grn_pcle GNoPcle_C_grnpcle JF Rami CIRAD 3 Black CIRAD InterNodZ2Area_Z2A_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise GStdYld_C_kgha CIRAD JF Rami JF Rami StmDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD GRotation_E_0to2 Clarisse Barot GRROT_0_2 INERA CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoLigCWR_VSADLNDFNIRS_pct 5 Very Good 1 0% of molded grains surface on panicle (Highly Resistant, HR) Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRS_pct CIRAD PcleDM_DMSamp_pct IAVAO_group ICRISAT GCol_E_1to9 Jayashree B SDCLR_1_9 CIRAD TllrFW_FWPoolM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise RustInc_C_pct ICRISAT Jayashree B RUST_pct MnShoStmFW_FWPoolM_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise 2 elliptic JF Rami PcleEx_E_1to4 CIRAD Striga plants number is between 6-20, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 1 3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure OvPrf_CompRank_Rk3 GHvYld_M_gPlot CIRAD JF Rami ICRISAT Bamako SC_pct StmJSC_pct Eva Weltzien CIRAD StmMnShoLigDM_VSADLDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoStmSampleDW_DWM_g PCleWWoG_M_gpcle PWTMG_g Jayashree B ICRISAT Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ1Area_Z1A_pct CIRAD CIRAD PcleDMYld_C_gPlot JF Rami StmMnShoCellDM_VSCellDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise CIRAD CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfSampleFW_FWM_g 8 Semi-compact elliptic SVIG_1_5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme SdlgVig_E_1to5 ICRISAT/IER Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodFructDM_FructDMM_mgg CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoHemiDM_VSHemiDMNIRS_pct CIRAD CIRAD JF Rami WAGBDMYld_C_kgha CIRAD LfDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise NSP_pcle Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako NSelPcle_Ct_pcle > 50% of molded grains surface on panicle (Highly Sensitive, HS) 5 CIRAD MnShoStmDM_DM_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise Grain Surface completely not Covered 5 Some adherent glumes 3 Jayashree B ICRISAT PcleNo_Ct_pclePlot NBPN_pcle 0.75 grain covered 3 PtTol__CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob rotation 2 CIRAD ToCons_E_1to5 TOCONS_1_5 JF Rami ClimMob Thr_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure CIRAD LIP_pct__SOX JF Rami GLip_Sox_pct Very good 5 1 No lodging 1 Mix of aristed and not aristed plants FLT_date_ymd FLfL_date_ymd CIRAD WAGBMoi_C_pct JF Rami CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise NodDM_DM_pct Some problems 2 ICRISAT NDLT_1_5 Jayashree B NdlTNo_E_tllr FAnthrRes_E_1to5 FANTH_1_5 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme ICRISAT/IER Pot David, Potier Françoise StmMnShoHemiCWR_VSHemiNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD 4 Loose erect primary branches 2 R InterNodHemiCWR_VSHemiNDFNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD StoMoi_M_pct JF Rami Hvst_date_jd JF Rami/D Pot CIRAD MnShoStmSSDM_LuffShSSDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent 4 26-40% of grains on the panicles damaged Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrDM_DM_g CIRAD 3 Good for the Zone JF Rami WAGBHvYld_C_kgha CIRAD Bad 1 3 circular FLfL_date_jd FLT_date_jd CIRAD JF Rami red 2 Thin pericarp 1 Early for the zone 2 100% Vitreous 1 4 31 - 40% damage ICRISAT Bamako StmJW_M_g Eva Weltzien JW_g ICRISAT Jayashree B STK_pct StmK_M_pct ETNo_Ct_tllrplnt ETN_tillers JF Rami LIP_pct__NIRS GLip_NIRS_pct CIRAD glumes longer than grain 5 Colcol_1_2 INERA Clarisse Barot Coleopcol_E_1to2 JF Rami PcleMoi_M_pct CIRAD 2 very bold to medium Mat_C_day DTMAT_day GermTim_CompRank_Rk3 ClimMob Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure 5 Striga plants number is between 21-30, and number of branches per striga plant is > 5 Very interesting Variety, Want to Test 3 GDWT_g DecGW_M_g 2 75% Vitreous, 25% Floury Pot David, PotierFrançoise NodFW_FWM_g CIRAD Yellow 1 narrow elliptic 1 Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleSampleFW_FWM_g CIRAD 2 1-10% damaged plants DMAT_date_ymd Mat_date_ymd ICRISAT Bamako AGAPP_1_5 Eva Weltzien AgApp_E_1to5 CIRAD MnShoStmDM_DMSamp_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD StmMoi_M_pct JF Rami Need to Test Again 2 CIRAD JF Rami StoMoi_C_pct Jayashree B ODG_pct StoOMD_NIRS_pct ICRISAT 3 Intermediate panicle CIRAD TllrSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoLfSampleDW_DWM_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD InterNodDM_DM_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise EndoT_E_1to5 CIRAD ET_1_5 JF Rami 0 No Striga 7 41-50% of grains surface molded, (Susceptible, S) Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoStmVol_StmVol_cm3 CIRAD CIRAD StmMnShoIVOMD_AufrereIVOMDNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise 4 Good Sorghum ontology sorghum ontology Slightly exserted (<2 cm but ligule of flag leaf definitively below inflorescence base) 1 Semi-loose erect primary branches 6 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrSampleFW_FWM_g CIRAD JF Rami PcleHvYld_C_kgha 5 More than 40% of plants damaged CIRAD InterNodSSDM_SSDMGut_mgg Pot David, PotierFrançoise Michel Vaksmann PAN_inititation-thermal-time_PAN26_dd TTPI_C_dc CIRAD/IER CIRAD PcleDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 2 NA Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodZ1RedArea_Z1RAM_mm2 GYldQual_CompRank_Rk4 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob Loose drooping primary branches 5 InterNodCellDM_VSCellDMNIRS_pct CIRAD Pot David, Potier Françoise 1-10% of grains damaged on a panicle (Resistant, R) 2 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob GSz_CompRank_Rk3 3 Medium lodging 2 1-10% of molded grains surface on panicle (Resistant, R) CIRAD MnShoStmDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise 2 Mix 21-30% area covered with small necrotic coalescing lesions, MR 5 Very Early for the zone 1 5 very small DS_date_ymd Sow_date_ymd 1 0 to < 1 % leaf area with mild yellow flecks, HR Middle rank 2 5 Very Good CIRAD MnShoStmDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD StmMnShoCellCWR_VSCellNDFNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise 1 mix 26-40% damaged plants 4 4 Bad color Pot David, PotierFrançoise TllrDW_DWPool1Plt_g CIRAD †Well-exserted (>10 cm between ligule and inflorescence base) 3 Pot David, PotierFrançoise PcleFW_FWM_g CIRAD GLUAWN_0_2 CIRAD JF Rami GlmAwn_E_0to2 JF Rami StmMoi_C_pct CIRAD ANTHO_0_2 Antho_E_0to2 CIRAD JF Rami GHrd_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob White 1 Low Vigor 2 MnShoPcleDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD 2 1-5% of grains surface molded, (Resistant, R) Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD DisTol_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob 9 light red yellow 3 CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodDiaMax_InterNodDiaMaxM_mm Difficult, 60 to 69% of grain threshed 3 1 No damaged plants HD_date_ymd Hd_date_ymd FLAG-appearance_FLA5_dd Michel Vaksmann TTFL_C_dcd CIRAD/IER OvPrfvLoc_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob 2 dark green MnShoStmRoughSSDM_RoughSSNIRSDW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Acceptable 3 MnShoStmHHVDM_HHVDMNIRS_MJkg Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent CIRAD Yellow 2 JQ_ml Eva Weltzien ICRISAT Bamako StmJQ_M_ml 3 Acceptable vigor 61 - 75% damage 7 4 Striga plants number is between 21-30, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 5 6-10% of grains surface molded, (Resistant, R) 3 CIRAD MnShoLfNo_Ct_LfMnSho Pot David, PotierFrançoise Presence of disease symptoms 1 Aristed 2 FLT_dto_day CIRAD FLfL_C_day JF Rami 2 25% Grain Surface Covered Very Late for the Zone 5 CIRAD JF Rami GStdYld_C_kgplot PcleFW_FWPool1Plt_g CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise NA 2 Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ2BlueArea_Z2BAM_mm2 CIRAD 9 Striga plants number is > 40, and number of branches per striga plant is >10 4 medium to very small 5 100% Floury Mat_date_jd DMAT_jd Niaba Teme IER Mali Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleWC_WCSamp_pct CIRAD 6 light brown 6 51 - 60% damage Very sticky 5 Very loose panicle 1 Pot David, PotierFrançoise MnShoPcleFW_FWPoolM_g CIRAD green 1 TllrFW_FWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD MnShoLfDW_DWM_g CIRAD InterNodLigDM_AcBrL_mgg Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDiaMin_InterNodDiaMinM_mm Pot David, PotierFrançoise PBTNo_Ct_tllr ICRISAT Jayashree B JF Rami/D Pot CIRAD Hvst_date_ymd Germrt_CompRank_Rk3 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob PNo_Ct_plntPlot PNP_plants Helminth_E_0to1 CIRAD JF Rami HELMINTH_0_1 1 Mixed NA 4 Acceptable color 3 CIRAD JF Rami WAGBHvYld_M_gPlot No damaged Panicle 1 5 41 - 50% damage 5 More 40% of grains on the panicles damaged Excellent vigor 5 2 Striga plants number is between 6-20, and no branches 0 no rotation 1-10% of grains on the panicles damaged 2 S 4 1 Very good color chalky white 2 Nofou Ouedraogo, Clarisse Barro, Mary Yeye, Rekiya Abdulmalik, Daniel Aba, Edward Mwenda, Aru John Charles, Aboubacar Toure ClimMob PlSur_CompRank_Rk3 11 Half broom corn 0 closed 2 0.50 grain covered MnShoStmDW_DWPool1Plt_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD InterNodDW_DW_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise CIRAD CIRAD JF Rami PcleDMC_M_pct 2 Low lodging 3 Acceptable Lowest rank 3 CIRAD SYLD_kg_ha StmHvYld_C_kgha JF Rami 5 Full lodging CIRAD StmMnShoADFDM_VSADFDMNIRS_pct Pot David, Potier Françoise absent 0 7 41-50% leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, S No symptoms 0 75 - 90% damage 8 1 white No adherent glumes 5 CIRAD TllrDW_DWPool_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise Very thick 1 ICRISAT/IER PANTHRS_1_9 Eva Weltzien/Niaba Teme PcleThrs_E_1to9 CIRAD TllrDW_DWPoolSumOrg_g Pot David, PotierFrançoise cream 8 1 Very poor CIRAD Pot David, PotierFrançoise InterNodZ1RedArea_Z1RA_pct 2 Anthocyanin 2 white dark brown 7 < 1 % of grains surface molded (Highly Resistant, HR) 1 Semi-loose drooping primary branches 7 11 - 20% damage 2 Poor 2 1 Very low vigor CIRAD InterNodIVDMD_AufrereIVDMDNIRS_pct Pot David, PotierFrançoise, Bastianelli Denis, Bonnal Laurent 2 Texas Very lax panicle (typical of wild sorghums) 1 Excellent 99 to 100% of grain threshed 9 5 purple 3 11- 25% of grains damaged on a panicle ( Moderately Resistant, MR) Very bad color 5 5 21-30% of grains surface molded, (Moderately Susceptible, MS) attribute circular 3 entity 2 Red 0 Not aristed Bad 1 2 Thick 1 Very low Sticky 4 3 6-10% leaf area covered with hypersensitive small lesions, R Peduncle recurved (inflorescence below ligule and clearly exposed splitting the 4 2 Middle rank 21 - 30% damage 3 2 Good color 4 Good High lodging 4 Good, 90 to 94% of grain threshed 7 3 50% Vitreous, 50% Floury 5 Very dense panicle 2 Low Compact elliptic 9 1 HR 3 MR Striga plants number is between 31-40, and number of branches per striga plant is ? 10 6 1 very bold 5 > 50% of grains damaged on a panicle (Highly Susceptible, HS) 1 0 % of grains damaged on a panicle, (Highly Resistant, HR) Lowest rank 3 9 76-100% of grains surface molded, (Highly Susceptible, HS) 4 grain fully covered 51-75 % of grains surface molded, (Highly Susceptible, HS) 8 5 intermediate 80 to 84% of grain threshed light green 1 medium 3 Highest rank 1 0 No symptoms 4 Mix 8 51-75 % leaf area covered with large coalescing necrotic lesions, HS GCov Score (0-5) Plant basal tiller number - Counting Counting of plant basal tiller number. StrigaMeanVig Mean vigor Striga mean vigor Striga Assessment of the Striga maximum vigor. Vascular bundle density in the internode inner zone (Z2). Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. internode inner zone Vascular bundle density in the internode inner zone (Z2) Vascular bundle density in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section InterNodZ2VBDen Number of harvested hills harvested number Hill Number of harvested hills in the plot. NHH Striga StrigaMaxVig Assessment of the Striga mean vigor. Maximum vigor Striga maximum vigor kg/ha Measure plant height, usually recorded in several plants 15 to 20 days after the end of flowering. Plant height - Measurement Leaf biomass moisture content Leaf biomass moisture content. LfMoi Leaf biomass Moisture content Count the number of planting holes harvested effectively. Harvested Hills - Counting Panicle The weight of panicles expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. PcleHvYld Yield at harvest Panicle yield at harvest Internode Acid detergent fiber content of the dry matter Internode acid detergent fiber content of dry matter. This fraction contains lignins, cellulose, silica and insoluble forms of nitrogen but not hemicellulose. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode acid detergent fiber content of dry matter InterNodADFDM Internode minimum diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode minimum diameter Internode Minimum diameter InterNodDiaMin MnShoStmSampleDW Main shoot stem Main shoot stem sample dry weight Dry weight Main shoot stem sample dry weight Determination of soluble sugars including starch content in the dry matter - Computation Soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS) concentration, calculated based on the information obtained from Van Soest, Crude Protein (CP) and Mineral Matter (MM) analyses. This methods provides an access to a rough estimate of the soluble sugars content, including starch. It is much less accurate than specific soluble sugar content methods. This trait is derived from a calculation based on results obtained from NIRS calibrations that need to be provided. Method abbreviation: RoughSSNIRS Stover biomass yield at harvest Yield at harvest StoHvYld The stover biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Stover biomass Ranking:3 Leaf Foliar anthracnose response FAnthrRes Foliar anthracnose response on Sorghum, disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Foliar anthracnose response Stem nodal tiller number nodal tillering Number of nodal tillers arising from the upper nodes in sorghum stem. Stem StmNdlTNo Grain GermTim Germination time Germination time Time of germination after planting Number of vascular bundles in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Counting Count the number of vascular bundles in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Internode diameter - Measurement Measure manually with a calliper rule the internode diameter. This measurement must be done in the central part of the internode. Internode lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Internode InterNodLigCWR Lignin content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode lignin (ADL) content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot g Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient P2R - Computation The P2R respresents the photoperiod sensitivity computed according to the CERES model. CERES model considers that, above criticial photoperiod (P2O), a linear growth of the duration of the vegetative phase (in degree days) as a function of photoperiod. The slope of this line (P2R) defines photoperiod-sensitivity. Main shoot panicle sample dry weight Main shoot panicle sample dry weight Main shoot panicle Dry weight MnShoPcleSampleDW Dry weight of a sample of an organ - Measurement Dry the fresh organ sample 72 hours at 60 °C and weigh the dried sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). elongated internodes number Stem elongated internodes number InterNodNo Stem Number of elongated internodes on the main stem. Moisture content Grain GMoi Grain moisture content. Grain moisture content weight Grain weight Grain The weight of grain per sample (single, 100, 200, 1000). GW Plant VGR Plant vegetative growth rate Vegetative growth rate. vegetative growth rate MnShoLfFW Main shoot leaves fresh weight Main shoot leaves fresh weight Main shoot leaf Fresh weight Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient Kp Coefficient of sensitivity to photoperiod of the variety. Variety photoperiod sensitivity coefficient Variety MJ/kg Moisture content WAGBMoi Whole above ground biomass moisture content Whole above ground biomass moisture content. Whole above ground biomass Grain Standardized yield The weight of grain adjusted to a standard moisture content (14%) that was harvested per unit area. GStdYld Grain standardized yield Sorghum shoot fly incidence - Computation Calculate incidence of shoot fly on plants. Thousand Grain Weight - Measurement Count and weigh 1000 grains. mg/g Grain size The size of the grain. Grain size GSz SdlgVig Seedling vigor assessment. Seedling vigor vigor Seedling Weigh the fresh organs of a pool of n plants. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Fresh weight of an organ for a pool of n plants - Measurement In a sample, cut grains lengthwise and observe the color of the endosperm. Endosperm color - Estimation Stover biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record Stover Biomass weight after harvest. MatApp Variety maturity appreciation Maturity appreciation Variety Appreciation of maturity time of the variety by comparing to local check variety. Cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot Internode cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Internode InterNodCellCWR Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Stem biomass dry matter content - Measurement Foliar anthracnose severity FAnthrSev Foliar anthracnose severity Foliar anthracnose severity on Sorghum, disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. Leaf Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest Yield at harvest WAGBHvYld The whole above ground biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Whole above ground biomass Whole above ground biomass dry matter content. Whole above ground biomass WAGBDMC Dry matter content Whole above ground biomass dry matter content None Stay green   StGr Grain Quality and adequacy of the size for target use and/or markets GrSzUs Grain size for target market/use  size for target use/Market GShpDors Score (1-3) Number of seedling hills NSH Number of hills with plants at seedling stage. number Hill Internode length. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodLng Length Internode length Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation PcleCpt Score (1-13) Vascular bundles number in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Number of vascular bundles in the internode inner zone (Z2). Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. internode InterNodZ2VB Number of vascular bundles in the internode inner zone (Z2) Dry matter content Internode dry matter content. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode dry matter content Internode InterNodDM vascular bundle/mm² Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) sample fresh weight Tillers Tillers sample fresh weight Sample fresh weight TllrSampleFW Grain Grain shape in dorsal view GShpDors shape in dorsal view Grain shape in dorsal view. Grain density Grain Density of the grain. density GDen mm² Glume adhesion Glumes adhesion. Glume adhesion GlmAd Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Weight of the total amount of juice collected after pressing sorghum stems. Stem juice weight - Measurement Maximum Striga vigor - Estimation Rate the maximum vigor (biomass) of Striga plants in the plot. Field observation of panicles for the presence of infertility by observing the shape of the anthers. Cytoplasmic male sterility - Estimation % GMoldSev Grain mold severity caused by agents Aspergillus spp and/or Penicillium spp. Grain mold severity Grain mold severity incidence Grain GHrd Grain hardness Grain hardness Whole grain hardness. Maturity time. Plant Maturity time Maturity time Mat opening Glume opening Glume Glumes opening. GlmOp Panicle exertion - Measurement Measure length of the peduncle emerged from flag leaf sheath to base of the panicle. Fresh weight Main shoot and tillers panicles fresh weight PcleFW Main shoot and tillers panicles fresh weight Panicle NmLCH4g: normal litre of CH4 per gram Main shoot panicle dry weight MnShoPcleDW Dry weight Main shoot panicle Measure the red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Measurement Internode inner zone (Z2) fresh weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodZ2FW Internode inner zone (Z2) fresh weight Fresh weight Stem The length of the internodes of the stem. Stem internodes length InterNodLng internodes length Calculate using the formula. Stem biomass Yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate the dry matter of an organ based on its fresh weight and its dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C). The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry matter content of an organ - Computation Main shoot leaves dry matter content Main shoot leaf Dry matter content MnShoLfDM Main shoot leaves dry matter content Panicles dry matter content Panicles Dry matter content of main shoot and tillers panicles PcleDM Dry matter content Panicle compactness and shape - Estimation Observe the overall shape of the panicle and its compactness based on florets density. InterNodIVDMD In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Internode Internode In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Dry matter content Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) dry matter content Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) dry matter content MnShoWABDM Main shoot Whole Above-ground Biomass Number of main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing Total number of leaves emitted on the main shoot since the sowing. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. MnShoLfNo main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing Number Internode Ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter InterNodSucrDM Internode ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter Lignin determination in dry matter using hydrolysis by acetyl bromide and spectrophotometry - Computation Lignin determination in dry matter after hydrolysis by acetyl bromide. The protocol for lignin determination by acetyl bromide (Lignin) was adapted from Fukushima and Hatfield (2001). Internode samples were lyophilized after sampling and crushed (<100 µm) with mixer mill (Retsch MM301). Cell wall residues (CWR, i.e. structural carbohydrates) were prepared from 100 mg of the powder weighted precisely. Samples were washed twice in 5 ml of distilled water at 80°C. After centrifugation (10 minutes, 10000 rpm), the pellet was rinsed twice in 5 ml of absolute ethanol for 15 min at 80°C, then rinsed twice in 5 ml of acetone at room temperature for 10 min and left to dry under a fume hood overnight at room temperature. CWR was weighed to calculate the percentage of CWR in dry matter. Lignin from the prepared cell wall residue (5 mg +/- 1 mg) was solubilized in 1 ml (V1) of acetyl bromide solution (acetyl bromide/acetic acid (1/4, v/v)) in a glass vial at 55°C for 2.5 hours under shaking. Samples were then let to cool down at room temperature and 1.2 ml of NaOH 2M/acetic acid (9/50, v/v) was added in the vial. 0.1 mL (V2) of this sample was transferred in 300 µl of 0.5M hydroxylamine chlorhydrate and mixed with 1.4 ml of acetic acid. The absorbance (A280) of the samples was measured at 280 nm. Number of green leaves. Green leaves number GLNo Green leaves number Plant lodging incidence - Estimation Visual assessment of lodging incidence. Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section - Measurement Measure the area of the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining Observation of the morphology of the variety to give an agronomic score. Plant agronomic appreciation - Estimation Flag leaf Flag leaf weight FlgLfW Weight of the flag leaf. weight Variety maturity appreciation - Estimation Comparing the flowering date of the test varieties against a local variety check by considering a normal season. hill Pericarp thickness Pericarp PerThk Thickness of sorghum grain pericarp thickness MJ/kg Soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS) weight based on the organ soluble sugars (including starch) concentration and the organ dry weight. Method abbreviation: RoughSSNIRSDW Determination of soluble sugars including starch weight - Computation Grain covering - Estimation Visual observation of covering of grain by glumes. Tillers sample dry weight Sample dry weight TllrSampleDW Tillers Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) sample dry weight Effective tiller number - Counting Count effective tiller number. FAnthrRes Score (1-5) MnShoStmRoughSSDM Main shoot stem Main shoot stem soluble sugars including starch weight soluble sugars including starch content of dry matter Main shoot stem soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS: Rough Soluble Sugars) weight Higher Heating Value of the dry matter Main shoot stem higher heating value of the dry matter Main shoot stem Main shoot stem higher heating value of the dry matter MnShoStmHHVDM Lignin content of dry matter Internode lignin content of dry matter InterNodLigDM Internode lignin content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Stover Stover metabolised energy Metabolised energy value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover. metabolised energy StoEng MnShoStmDM Main shoot stem Main shoot stem dry matter content Dry matter content Main shoot stem dry matter content Fresh weight Main shoot panicle fresh weight Main shoot panicle MnShoPcleFW Main shoot panicle fresh weight Compute the sum of alcohol-soluble sugar quantities in dry matter Determination of alcohol-soluble sugars content in dry matter - Computation selected number Panicle selected number Panicle NSPcle Number of selected panicles selected in breeding nursery. InterNodIVCWRD In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode Internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Internode In Vitro Cell Wall Residues Digestibility Flag leaf appearance Flag leaf ligulation time Flag leaf ligulation time or flag leaf emergence. TTFL Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of the dry matter Internode InterNodCWRDM Internode Cell Wall Residue content of dry matter Internode Cell Wall Residue content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Stover metabolised energy - Measurement Standard method for metabolised energy. General Score (1-5) Internode length - Measurement Measure the length of the internode from the top of the bottom node to the bottom of the top node Grain shape in profile view - Estimation Visual assessment of grain shape. Antho Score (0-2) Fresh weight of an organ per plant based on a pool of n plants - Computation Calculate the fresh weight of an organ per plant, based on the fresh weight of the organs of n plants and the number of plants of the pool. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Heading time Heading time Plant Hd Heading time. StrigaInc Plant Striga incidence Striga Incidence Striga incidence on Sorghum plants. StmK potassium content The content of potassium ion measured in the stems. Stem potassium content Stem Internode outer zone (Z1) fresh weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ1FW Internode Internode outer zone (Z1) fresh weight Fresh weight Shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) incidence on sorghum plants. Plant SSFlyInc Sorghum shoot fly incidence Sorghum shoot fly incidence Count the number of off-types panicles. Panicle off type number - Counting Internode InterNodSSDM Internode ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Ethanol-soluble sugars content in dry matter Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Grain moisture content - Measurement Calculate using the formula. Leaf Biomass moisture content - Computation Main shoot stem height based on the position of the ligule of the last ligulated leaf MnShoLastLiguLfHt Main shoot stem Main shoot stem height based on the position of the ligule of the last ligulated leaf Height Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Internode In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility InterNodIVOMD Internode A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the lipid content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Lipid content NIRS - Measurement Lignin (ADL) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADLDMNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for lignin determination in the dry matter - Prediction Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation stem of the main shoot StmMnShoIVDMD Main shoot stem In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Main shoot stem In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility Emergence time Seedling Emergence time Emer Seedling emergence time Number of tillers bearing a panicle. Effective tiller Effective tiller number ETN number Main shoot panicle Main shoot panicle dry matter content Dry matter content MnShoPcleDM Main shoot panicle dry matter content kg/hl Panicle threshability - Estimation At the time of threshing, visually estimate the percentage of grains and glumes adhering to assign a score corresponding. Stem juice StmJQ juice volume Stem juice volume Juice volume extracted from stem. degree days per hour of photoperiod Calculate using the formula. Grain moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. Grain number - Computation Rest of leaves weight Total leaf weight without flag leaf weight. LFWT1 Rest of leaves weight awnedness Glume awnedness Presence of an awn on the glumes. GlmAwn Glume Value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover, using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Organic matter digestibility NIRS - Measurement Stover Nitrogen digestibility value. Stover nitrogen digestibility nitrogen digestibility StoND Stover Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section internode Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) InterNodZ1RedArea Panicles sample dry weight Panicles Panicles sample dry weight PcleSampleDW Dry weight PcleDsirblty Panicle Panicle desirability desirability Desirability of the panicle shape. Basal tillers fresh weight Basal tiller Basal tillers fresh weight Fresh weight BasalTllrFW Ranking: 3 Grain protein content Grain Protein content of whole grain. GProt protein content Calculate using the formula. Grain dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) - Measurement Measure the red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Grain anthracnose severity on grain caused by Colletotrichum graminicola. GAnthrSev Grain Grain anthracnose severity Grain anthracnose severity PcleWid Panicle Panicle width width Width of the panicle. vein color Pigmentation of the leaf-vein. Leaf vein color Leaf LfVCol tiller Grain roundness - Measurement Roundness of grain estimated by image analysis. Roundness of the grain is defined as the ratio of the Minor Axis length to Major Axis length deduced from an ellipse fitted to the shape of the grain. Grain Dry matter basis yield The weight of grain expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. GDMYld Grain dry matter basis yield Stover biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Main shoot stem sample fresh weight Fresh weight Main shoot stem sample fresh weight MnShoStmSampleFW Main shoot stem Estimate the yield of the variety, after the harvest of panicles spread on the ground, usually scored by the farmer. Grain yield score - Estimation Panicle width - Measurement Measure the width of the panicle at the widest position. Main shoot stem In Vitro Cell Wall Residues digestibility Main shoot stem In Vitro Cell Wall Residues digestibility In Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility stem of the main shoot StmMnShoIVCWRD NodDW Node dry weight. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Node dry weight Dry weight Node Flag leaf ligulation - date estimation Record date when 50% of the plants in a plot reached fag leaf ligulation stage. Stem biomass StmDMYld Dry matter basis yield The stem biomass yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Stem Biomass dry matter basis yield Calculate the dry weight of an organ for a single plant, based on its fresh weight and the dry matter content estimated on a sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry weight of an organ of one single plant based on a sample - Computation Internode Internode cross section area InterNodArea Internode cross section area. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Cross section area Stem biomass Dry matter content Stem biomass dry matter content. StmDMC Stem biomass dry matter content Main shoot stem panicle base height - Measurement Measure plant height from the ground to the base of the panicle of the main shoot stem Dry the fresh organ 72 hours at 60 °C and weigh the dried organ. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Dry weight of an organ of one single plant - Measurement Calculate the inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section in comparison with the total internode cross section area Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section - Computation Grain Harvest index - Computation Compute proportion of harvested grain weight over whole above ground biomass weight. Weigh the fresh sample of an organ. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Fresh weight of a sample of an organ - Measurement Ranking of phenotypes based on field observations/on testing of food products ​ Comparative ranking by users method Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for cellulose determination in the dry matter - Computation Cellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSCellDMNIRS Fresh weight Main shoot stem fresh weight MnShoStmFW Main shoot stem fresh weight Main shoot stem Use formula to compute stem internodes length. Stem internodes length - Computation Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSNDFNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for NDF determination in the dry matter - Prediction rotation Grain Grain rotation Grain rotation. GRotation InterNodCellDM Internode Internode cellulose content of dry matter Cellulose content of the dry matter Internode cellulose content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. hemicellulose content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of dry matter StmMnShoHemiDM Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of dry matter PVig Plant Adult plant vigor assessment. vigor Plant vigor Node length - Measurement Measure the phytomer length and the internode length and calculate the difference Fresh weight Main shoot leaves sample fresh weight Main shoot leaves MnShoLfSampleFW Main shoot leaves sample fresh weight Count all leaves on the main shoot of the plant Number of main shoot leaves emitted since the sowing - Counting Stover biomass Dry matter content StoDMC Stover biomass dry matter content. Stover biomass dry matter content Panicle desirability - Estimation Observe shape, density and grain amount per panicle before harvest or on harvested panicles and record desirability. Stover biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Dry weight MnShoLfDW Main shoot leaves dry weight Main shoot leaf Main shoot leaves dry weight Main shoot stem Soluble sugars content in dry matter Main shoot stem soluble sugars content in dry matter MnShoStmSSDM Main shoot stem soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode diameter Cross section diameter Internode InterNodDia Internode cross section diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Main shoot stem structural density Structural density MnShoStmStructDen Main shoot stem structural density Main shoot stem Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues StmMnShoHemiCWR hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues TO consistency - Estimation Manual assessment of consistency on a TO sample prepared from sorghum flour after decortication. Plant Midge incidence MidgeInc Midge incidence as grain abortion on the panicles. Midge incidence InsDmg Score (1-9) Measure the internode cross section area using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. Internode cross section area - Measurement Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for Hemicellulose determination in the NDF - Computation Hemicellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSHemiNDFNIRS. Stem biomass moisture content Moisture content Stem biomass moisture content. StmMoi Stem biomass Proportion of grain surface covered by glumes covering Grain GCov Grain covering GRotation Score (0-2) Grain subcoat presence - Estimation Observe presence or absence of subcoat in cut grains. lipid content Grain lipid content GLip Lipid content of the whole grain. Grain variable_of method_of FP Score (1-3) Main shoot panicle MnShoPcleSampleFW Main shoot panicle sample fresh weight Fresh weight Main shoot panicle sample fresh weight yyyymmdd Internode sample dry weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodSampleDW Dry weight Internode sample dry weight LodgInc Score (1-5) Main shoot stem crude fiber content of dry matter crude fiber content of dry matter StmMnShoCFDM stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem crude fiber content of dry matter Higher Heating Value obtained through the measurement of the energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen in a bomb calorimeter using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. Method abbreviation: HHVDMNIRS Determination of higher heating value of the dry matter - Prediction degree celsius days compactness and shape Panicle Panicle compactness and shape PcleCpt Compactness and shape of the panicle. Thr None Threshability  Compute vascular bundle density taking into account their number and the area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section. Vascular bundle density in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Plant SDMInc Sorghum downy mildew incidence on sorghum plants. Caused by Peronospora sp. Sorghum downy mildew incidence Sorghum downy mildew incidence Visual assessment of color of a TO sample prepared from sorghum flour after decortication. TO color - Estimation Main shoot stem dry weight MnShoStmDW Main shoot stem dry weight Main shoot stem Dry weight color Color of the grain. Grain color Grain GCol Empty panicle Number of empty or missing panicles, mainly due biotic or abiotic stresses, as heat, frost, bird or midge damage. number Empty panicle number EPcleNo Visual observation of grain color. Grain color - Estimation Visual observation for seed lustrousness. Grain lustre - Estimation Grain GYld yield Grain yield The amount (weight) of grain that was harvested per unit area. ColeopCol color Coleoptile The color of the coleoptile. Coleoptile color Plant lodging incidence lodging incidence Plant lodging incidence. LodgInc Plant Internode soluble sugars content in dry matter InterNodSSDM Internode soluble sugars content in dry matter Soluble sugars content in dry matter Internode Measure diameter with a calliper rule on the narrowest section of the internode Internode minimum diameter - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Panicle moisture content - Measurement Number of green leaves on the main shoot - Counting Count green leaves on the main shoot of the plant Internode CrudeFiber content of Dry Matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Crude Fiber content of Dry Matter InterNodCFDM Internode Internode Crude Fiber content of Dry Matter Grain amylose content by DSC - Measurement Whole grain is ground and 10mg of flour is used for measurement by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of the enthalpy change of the formation of complexes between amylose and phospholipid observed during cooling. green leaf/main shoot Striga plant Number - Counting Count Striga plant number in the plot or area, usually performed at maturity of sorghum or on regular intervals during the vegetative stages of sorghum. Main shoot panicle water content Main shoot panicle MnShoPcleWC Main shoot panicle water content Water content Panicle dry matter basis yield Panicle Dry matter basis yield PcleDMYld The panicle yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. leaf/plant midrib color Leaf midrib color. Leaf LfMRCol Leaf midrib color CMS An assessment of male sterility on the panicle. cytoplasmic male sterility Cytoplasmic male sterility Plant Using refractometer (or hydrometer) to determine the Brix. Stem juice sugar content Brix method - Measurement Stover Biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Plant Sowing time Sowing time Sowing time. Sow Stem biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Visual observation of plants for presence of anthocyanin. Plant anthocyanin presence - Estimation Calculate the blue-colored area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z2 area Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for ADL determination in the NDF - Computation Lignin (ADL) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADLNDFNIRS Strigavigor Score (0-9) Grain dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Vigor Score (1-5) Count selected panicles per progeny. Panicle selected number - Counting Observe and record incidence/damage caused by midges. Midge incidence - Estimation Calculate using the formula. Grain weight per panicle - Computation Main shoot leaves MnShoLfSampleDW Main shoot leaves sample dry weight Main shoot leaves sample dry weight Dry weight Days to harvest - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to harvest. Tillers dry matter content Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) dry matter content TllrDM Tiller Dry matter content Glume awnedness - Estimation Observe presence of awn on glumes. Number of Hills at Seedling - Counting Count the number of planting holes with plants 5-10 days after emergence. Panicles dry weight Panicle PcleDW Panicles dry weight Dry weight PcleDsirblty Score (1-5) Red-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. internode InterNodZ2RedArea Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Red-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2) Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section - Measurement Measure the inner zone (Z2) area of the internode section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining anthocyanin presence Plant Plant anthocyanin presence Antho Presence of anthocyanin in the plant. Fresh weight of an organ of one single plant - Measurement Weigh the fresh organ of one single plant. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem cellulose content of dry matter cellulose content of dry matter StmMnShoCellDM Main shoot stem cellulose content of dry matter GlmAwn Score (0-2) Main shoot stem cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues StmMnShoCellCWR Main shoot stem cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues cellulose content of Cell Wall Residues stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem Main shoot stem volume Main shoot stem volume Volume MnShoStmVol Panicle Yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Flag leaf weight - Estimation Measure flag leaves weight. Striga plant number. plant number StrigaNo Striga Striga plant number Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Measurement Measure the blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section using a script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. length Stem Length of the main stem. Stem length StmLng Calculate using the formula. Stover biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Days to Heading - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing to heading Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing - Counting Count ligulated leaves on the main shoot of the plant emitted since the sowing Record stem biomass weight. Stem biomass Yield at harvest - Measurement Fresh weight Basal and nodal tillers (even dead) fresh weight Tiller Basal and nodal tillers fresh weight TllrFW Internode ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter Ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble glucose content in dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodGlucDM Node dry matter content. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. Node dry matter content Node NodDM Dry matter content Observe glumes color. Glume color - Estimation Foliar anthracnose severity - Estimation Record disease severity at the soft-dough stage on the top four leaves that contribute most to grain development or on all plant. Determination of soluble sugars content in dry matter using the Luff-Shoorl reference method - Prediction Soluble sugars content obtained from the Luff-Shoorl reference method using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: LuffShSSDMNIRS Whole above ground dry matter biomass yield (t/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Tolerance to diseases - the disease type is documented in complementary data DisTol Disease tolerance  Determination of Sodium content by using nitric acid digestion method (AAS & ICP-OES). Stem Sodium content - Measurement Dry weight of an organ per plant based on a pool of n plants - Computation Calculate the dry weight of an organ per plant, based on the fresh weight of the organs of a pool of n plants, the dry matter content of the organ estimated on a sample and the number of plants of the pool. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Phytomer length. Phytomer rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Phytomer stands here for phytomer of the main shoot. Phytomer length Phytomer PhytomLng Length Leaf biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Main shoot stem height based on the position of the base of the panicle Main shoot stem height based on the position of the base of the panicle MnShoPcleBaseHt Height Main shoot stem Sooty Stripe (Ramulispora sorghi) disease symptoms presence/absence. Sooty stripe disease presence Sooty stripe disease presence Leaf SootStr Calculate using the formula. Whole above ground biomass moisture content - Computation Fresh weight Internode sample fresh weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode sample fresh weight Internode InterNodSampleFW Grain rotation - Estimation Visual assessment of grain rotation. Grain dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Observe leaf midrib color. Leaf midrib color - Estimation organic matter digestibility StoOMD Stover Stover organic matter digestibility Organic matter digestibility value derived from chemical analysis of dried and ground stover, usually using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). mineral matter content of dry matter StmMnShoMMDM Main shoot stem mineral matter content of dry matter Main shoot stem mineral matter content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Determination of alcohol-soluble fructose content in dry matter - Measurement Determination of alcohol-soluble fructose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Stem Stem sodium content StmNa The content of sodium ion content measured in the stems. sodium content ligulated leaf/main shoot Measure length of the stem from the base of the first elongated internode to the base of the peduncle Stem length - Measurement Mkt None Marketability  t/ha Dry weight of an organ for a pool of n plants - Computation Calculate the dry weight of the organs of a pool of n plants, based on the fresh weight of the organs of n plants and the dry matter content of the organ. Here the dry matter content of the tillers is calculated as the average dry matter of the different organs of the main shoot (the hypothesis is that the tillers have the same proportions of the different organs than the main shoot, what is wrong). The number of plants (n) must be provided. Recommended range for n is 3 to 6. Number Number of main shoot green leaves main shoot green leaves MnShoGrLfNo Number of green leaves on the main shoot. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Water content of an organ - Computation Calculate the water content of an organ based on the fresh weight and the dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C) of a sample Record grain weight after harvest. Grain yield at harvest - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Leaf Biomass moisture content - Measurement day Critical photoperiod : In short day plants, flowering occurs when day length becomes shorter than a critical photoperiod. P2O Critical photoperiod Critical-photoperiod Panicle Soxhlet ether extraction from 5 g of flour. Lipid content Soxhlet - Measurement Main shoot stem water content Main shoot stem water content Main shoot stem Water content MnShoStmWC Basic vegetative phase is calculated from the minimal duration of the vegetative phase. It is estimated in environment where the photoperiod is lower than the critical photoperiod (in the case of short days plant like sorghum) basic vegetative phase - Measurement Internode Internode inner zone (Z2) area InterNodZ2Area Inner zone (Z2) area of the internode cross section Internode inner zone (Z2) area, obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. PcleThrs Score (1-9) internode Biochemical methane potential based on volatile solids Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Volatile Solids (VS) Main shoot stem MnShoStmBMPVS Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Volatile Solids (VS) Crude protein content of dry matter InterNodCPDM Internode Internode Crude Protein content of Dry Matter Internode Crude Protein content of Dry Matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. The ratio of leaves weight over stem weight. Plant Leaf to stem weight ratio LfStmWRatio Leaf to stem weight ratio Calculate using the formula. Grain standardized yield (kg/plot) - Computation Measure the length from the bottom of the node below the internode to the top of the internode Phytomer length - Measurement Flowering time. Flo Flowering time Plant Flowering time Calculate incidence of stem borer on plants. Sorghum stem borer incidence - Computation g/plot DecGW Decorticated grain Decorticated grain weight weight Grain weight after decortication. Calculate using the formula. Panicle dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Tillers fresh weight TllrFW Fresh weight Tiller Tillers fresh weight Biomethane potential obtained from the protocol proposed by Angelidaki et al., 2009 (https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/59/5/927/15563/Defining-the-biomethane-potential-BMP-of-solid) using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. As the calibration available provides BMP estimates in NmLCH4g-1 of Volatile Solids (VS), these estimates are converted in NmLCH4g-1 of Dry Matter (DM) expressed in normal conditions (0°C, 1.013 bar) and per gram of DM (NmLCH4g-1) following the formula: BMP_DM=BMP_VS*(DM-MM)/DM where VS is the volatile solid content (g/g raw matter), DM the dry matter and MM the mineral matter (in %DM). Biomethane potential determination in the dry matter using NIRS calibration - Prediction The leaf biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Yield at harvest Leaf biomass Leaf biomass yield at harvest LfHvYld Record the date when 50% of plants show panicle emerged from boot. Heading date - Estimation Fresh weight Node fresh weight. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. NodFW Node fresh weight Node Grain lustre. lustre Grain lustre GLstr Grain off type number Panicle off-type number. Panicle off type number Panicle PcleOTNo Compute number of days required from sowing (or emergence) to maturity. Days to maturity - Computation Color of TO porridge prepared from the sorghum grain. ToCol color To To color GlmOp Score (0-2) Number of grains per panicle. GNoPcle Panicle Grain number per panicle Grain number Panicle exertion Length of peduncle emerged from the flag leaf sheath. exertion Panicle PcleEx Plant vigor - Estimation Comparative visual observation of the biomass of plants (length, width, number of leaves). Red-colored area in the internode outer zone (Z1) - Computation Calculate the red-colored area in the outer zone (Z1) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z1 area, using script analysis based on ImageJ software after fasga staining. basal tillers number Plant Plant basal tiller number Number of basal tillers. PBTNo PcleDMC Dry matter content Panicle dry matter content. Panicle Panicle dry matter content Helminth Score (0-1) GD Score (1-5) Measure diameter with a calliper rule on the widest section of the internode Internode maximum diameter - Measurement Grain Grain dry matter content. GDMC Dry matter content Grain dry matter content Number of panicles. PcleNo Panicle number number Panicle Internode Internode outer zone (Z1) area Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ1Area AbSt Tolerance to abiotic stress - stress type is docuelnetd in complementary data Abiotic stress tolerance  In Vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility computation based on Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions. Information used to compute this trait correspond to the In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD) estimated using Aufrere reference methods, the Mineral Matter content (MM) and the Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) content estimated using the Van Soest reference methods. Aufrere and Van Soest methods using NIRS calibration for In vitro Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility determination - Computation panicle harvest index PcleHI Panicle harvest index Proportion of harvested panicle weight over whole above ground biomass weight. Plant Stover biomass Moisture content Stover biomass moisture content Stover biomass moisture content. StoMoi GCol Score (1-9) Yield as expressed by the farmer in a TRICOT trial GrYldQual Yield qualitative Grain yield (qualitative) Grain Calculate using the formula. Grain yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation HI grain harvest index Grain harvest index Plant Proportion of harvested grain weight over whole above ground biomass weight. Panicle weight without grain weight without grain Weight of the panicle without grain. PCleWWoG Panicle Plant survival  Survival of plants PlSur Grain size - Estimation Visual observation for grain boldness. Insect damage - Estimation Observe and record damage caused by insects. CMS Score (1-3) Comparative visual observation of plant biomass (length, width, number of leaves) 15 days after sowing. Seedling vigor - Estimation Internode soluble sugars including starch (RoughSS: Rough Soluble Sugars) content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode Soluble sugars, including starch, content of dry matter Internode soluble sugars including starch content of dry matter InterNodRoughSSDM PcleDen Score (1-5) LfFW Leaves fresh weight of the main shoot and of the tillers Leaves fresh weight Leaves Fresh weight Leaf color - Estimation Observe leaf color. Count and weigh 100 grains. Hundred Grain Weight - Measurement Internode outer zone (Z1) dry weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. InterNodZ1DW Internode Dry weight Internode outer zone (Z1) dry weight GlmCol Score (1-4) Leaf to stem weight ratio - Computation Compute leaf to stem weight ratio. Stover Biomass dry matter basis yield StoDMYld The stover biomass yield expressed as a quantity of dry matter harvested per unit area. Stover biomass Dry matter basis yield TllrDW Tillers dry weight Tiller Dry weight Tillers dry weight Days to flowering - Computation Compute number of days required from sowing to flowering. GCol Score (1-6) Count the total number of plants in the plot after thinning. Seedling number - Counting Internode maximum diameter Internode maximum diameter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Maximum diameter InterNodDiaMax Internode hours Hemicellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSHemiDMNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for hemicellulose determination in the dry matter - Computation None Overall preference  OvPrf Calculate Thermal time to panicle inititation according to the Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation (TTFL) using the linear formula proposed by Folliard et al. (2004) Thermal time to panicle inititation - Computation ToCons Score (1-5) Crude Protein (CP) concentration estimated from the total nitrogen content (N) measured by Kjeldahl method, with the relationship CP = N*6.25. It is predicted using a NIRS calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Mehod abbreviation: KjdlCPNIRS Kjeldahl method using NIRS calibration for crude protein determination in the dry matter - Prediction Number StmMnShoLigDM stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem lignin content of dry matter lignin content of dry matter Main shoot stem lignin content of dry matter Stem Biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. Calculate downy mildew incidence on plants. Sorghum downy mildew incidence - Computation Dry matter content of an organ based on a sample - Computation Calculate the dry matter of an organ based on the fresh weight and the dry weight (obtained after 72 hours at 60 °C) of a sample. The organ may be for instance leaf (Lf), panicle (Pcle), main shoot stem (MnShoStm), internode (InterNod). Grain density - Measurement Measure the weight of a volume of grains. Grain anthracnose severity - Estimation Record disease severity at maturity on a sample of 5 panicles or more. Peduncle length - Measurement Measure length of the peduncle to the first primary branch of panicle. Grain yield at harvest Yield at harvest Grain GHvYld The weight of grain expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Rest of leaves weight - Computation Calculate by subtracting flag leaves weight from total leaves weight. Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield Dry matter basis yield The leaf biomass expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. LfDMYld Leaf biomass Calculate the dry matter of the whole above-ground biomass based on the ratio of the sums of the fresh and dry weights of the different organs (stem, leaves and panicle of the main shoot) Dry matter content of the Whole Above-ground Biomass (WAB) - Computation Endosperm texture EndoT Endosperm texture Proportion of vitreous endosperm. FAnthrSev Score (1-9) GD desirability Grain Grain desirability of the variety. Grain desirability Stem biomass dry matter basis yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Protein content Kjeldahl - Measurement Mineralization of 1g of flour and titration of nitration content. StoPrbTol None Storage problems tolerance PNo number Plant number per plot. Plant number Plant Measure plant height from the ground to the ligule insertion of the last ligulated leaf of the main shoot stem Main shoot stem last ligulated leaf height - Measurement Pest tolerance  PtTol Tolerance to Pests - the pest identification is documented in complementary data Plant Sorghum stem borer incidence SBorerInc Sorghum stem borer incidence Stem borer (Chilo partellus) incidence on sorghum plants. GCov Score (1-5) GSCoat Presence or absence of a seed subcoat. presence Grain subcoat Grain subcoat presence Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing MnShoLiguLfNo Number Number of main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing. Time of observation must be provided when using this trait. main shoot ligulated leaves emitted since the sowing Biomethane potential obtained from the protocol proposed by Angelidaki et al., 2009 (https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/59/5/927/15563/Defining-the-biomethane-potential-BMP-of-solid) using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter. As the calibration available provides BMP estimates in NmLCH4g-1 of Volatile Solids (VS), these estimates are converted in NmLCH4g-1 of Dry Matter (DM) expressed in normal conditions (0°C, 1.013 bar) and per gram of DM (NmLCH4g-1) following the formula: BMP_DM=BMP_VS*(DM-MM)/DM where VS is the volatile solid content (g/g raw matter), DM the dry matter and MM the mineral matter (in %DM). Biomethane potential determination in volatile solids using NIRS calibration - Prediction Main shoot stem cell wall residue content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem cell wall residue content of dry matter StmMnShoCWRDM Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of dry matter Leaf biomass dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Grain shape in profile view. shape in profile view Grain Grain shape in profile view GShpProf Panicle harvest index - Computation Calculate using the formula. roundness GRnd Roundness of the grain. Grain roundness Grain cm Observe and record the presence/absence of Helminthosporiose symptoms. Helminthosporiose disease presence - Estimation Green leaves number - Counting Count of number of green leaves. Panicle CERES model considers that, above criticial photoperiod (P2O), a linear growth of the duration of the vegetative phase (in degree days) as a function of photoperiod. The slope of this line (P2R) defines photoperiod-sensitivity. Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient of the variety based on CERES model P2R Photoperiod-sensitivity-coefficient-CERES Grain decortication yield - Computation Calculate the ratio of the weight of a sample of grain after decortication using a Tangential Abrasive Dehulling Device (TADD) to the weight of the sample of grain before decortication. Basic Vegetative Phase Basic-vegetative-phase BVP Panicle Basic vegetative phase Stem nodal tiller number - Counting Counting of stem nodal tiller number. FP Variety farmer preference farmer preference Plant Farmer choice of the variety. Calculate vegetative growth rate. Plant vegetative growth rate - Computation Blue-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section Blue-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2) Internode InterNodZ2BlueArea Blue-colored area in the internode inner zone (Z2), obtained after fasga staining of the internode. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. decortication yield GDecYld Grain decortication yield Proportion of remaining grain after decortication. Grain A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the amylose content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Grain amylose content by NIRS - Measurement To ToCons To consistency Consistency of TO porridge prepared from the sorghum grain. consistency InterNodHemiCWR Internode hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues Internode hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR). Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Hemicellulose content of Cell Wall Residues (CWR) Internode Stem biomass The stem biomass expressed fresh (field) basis that was harvested per unit area. Yield at harvest Stem biomass yield at harvest StmHvYld Internode InterNodCWRDM Internode Cell Wall Residues content of dry matter Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content of dry matter Internode Cell Wall Residues (CWR) content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Grain mold severity - Estimation Record severity as extent of grain surface covered with mold, usually observed when majority of grains in the middle part of panicle have matured. Molded grain show pink, orange, gray, white or black discoloration depending on the fungus involved. EndoCol Score (1-2) StmMnShoADFDM stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem acid detergent fiber content of dry matter. This fraction contains lignins, cellulose, silica and insoluble forms of nitrogen but not hemicellulose. Main shoot stem acid detergent fiber content of dry matter Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) content of dry matter Main shoot stem Density Main shoot stem density Main shoot stem density MnShoStmDen Node NodLng Node length Length Node length. Node rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Node stands here for node of the main shoot phytomer, located below the internode under study. In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) obtained from the Aufrere reference analysis, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Methode abbreviation: AufrereIVDMDNIRS Aufrere method using NIRS calibration for In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility - Prediction color LfCol Leaf color Leaf color. Leaf Grain weight Grain weight per panicle Panicle GWPcle The weight of grains per panicle. plant/plot PcleFW Panicles fresh weight Panicle Panicles fresh weight Fresh weight Pericarp thickness - Estimation The thickness of pericarp is visually estimated. PerThk Score (0-2) Observe coleoptile color. Coleoptile color - Estimation Panicle number - Counting Harvest the panicles in the plot and count the number of panicles harvested. StmMnShoLigCWR stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Main shoot stem lignin content of Cell Wall Residues lignin content of Cell Wall Residues Record panicle weight after harvest. Panicle Yield at harvest - Measurement Internode mineral matter content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode mineral matter content of dry matter Internode InterNodMMDM Mineral matter content of dry matter PedLng length Peduncle Length of the peduncle to panicle base. Peduncle length Stover biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Sooty stripe disease presence - Estimation Observe and record the presence/absence of sooty stripe disease symptoms. Internode fresh weight. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Fresh weight Internode Internode fresh weight InterNodFW Crude Fiber content (Cellulose Brute de Weende) predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration has to be provided. The Cellulose Brute de Weende or Cellulose de Weende corresponds to the organic residue obtained after a double hydrolysis realized successively with an acid and a basic solution (De Weende Method). The measurement of the cellulose brute de Weende corresponds to an estimation by default of the content in cell wall as this one is in reality two to four times more important. At the same time, it corresponds to an estimation by excess of the cellulose content as the residue also contains a variable fraction of lignin and hemicelluloses. Method abbreviation: CFDMNIRS Crude Fiber determination using NIRS calibration - Prediction Incidence of rust on sorghum plants. Causative agent: Puccinia purpurea. Sorghum rust incidence Plant Sorghum rust incidence RustInc Determination of alcohol-soluble glucose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Determination of alcohol-soluble glucose content in dry matter - Measurement mm Determination of alcohol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Determination of alcohol-soluble sucrose content in dry matter - Measurement Decorticated grain weight - Measurement Record the decorticated grain weight of a sample after dehulling. None Mat Maturity  Calculate using the formula. Stover Biomass moisture content - Computation Internode lignin content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. InterNodLigDM Internode Lignin content of the dry matter Internode lignin content of dry matter Record Whole Above Ground Biomass weight after harvest. Whole above ground biomass yield at harvest - Measurement Record the weight of panicle without grain. Panicles weight without grain - Measurement threshability Panicle threshability Panicle The threshability of the panicle, either difficult to thresh, freely threshable or partly threshable. PcleThrs Rate the mean vigor (biomass) of Striga plants in the plot. Mean Striga vigor - Estimation Calculate using the formula. Panicle moisture content - Computation Storability   Stobly None color Glume color GlmCol Glume Color of the glumes. index Whole above ground biomass Whole above ground biomass Dry matter basis yield The whole above ground biomass expressed in dry matter basis that was harvested per unit area. Whole above ground biomass dry matter basis yield Fresh weight Panicles sample fresh weight PcleSampleFW Panicles Panicles sample fresh weight Cell wall residue determination in dry matter based on gravimetry Cell wall residue determination in dry matter - Measurement amylose content GAmy Grain amylose content Grain Amylose content of whole grain. Critical photoperiod - computation The critical photoperiod corresponds to the day length at the intersection of the slope corresponding to the Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient (i.e. line between the thermal times to panicle emergence (in ∞days) observed for different photoperiod durations (in hours)) and the basic vegetative phase photoperiod (in hours) Leaves Leaves dry weight of the main shoot and of the tillers Dry weight LfDW Leaves dry weight Stem structural density calculation - Computation Compute the stem structural density based on the ratio of the main stem dry weight excluding the soluble sugars and the main stem volume Assessment of glumes adhesion. Glume adhesion - Estimation Record Leaf Biomass weight after harvest. Leaf Biomass yield at harvest - Measurement height Plant height Plant PH Length of the main stalk from the base of the stalk to the tip of the panicle. ColeopCol Score (1-2) grain/m2 Stem volume calculation - Computation Compute the stem volume as the sum of the individual volume of each internode along the stem using internode length and diameter and assuming that internodes are cylinders Absent-Present Score (0-1) GShpProf Score (1-3) Stem Biomass moisture content - Computation Calculate using the formula. Calculated from flowering data at two different sowing dates as: ([DFLF1]-[DFLF2])/([Sowing2]-[Sowing1]) where DFLF1= date of flag leaf appearance for sowing date 1, DFLF2= date of flag leaf appearance for sowing date 2 Photoperiod sensitivity coefficient - Computation Julian day Calculate using the formula. Grain number per panicle - Computation Striga Incidence - Estimation Observe and record striga incidence on sorghum plants. Grain standardized yield (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Seedling SdlgNo Seedling number after thinning. Seedling number number Outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section - Computation Calculate the outer zone (Z1) area of the internode cross section in comparison with the total internode cross section area g/m2 /day Visual assessment of vitreous endosperm on a grain section. Endosperm texture - Estimation leaf/main shoot Weight of sorghum stem juice. StmJW Stem juice Stem juice weight juice weight In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD) obtained from the Aufrere reference analysis and predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: AufrereIVOMDNIRS Aufrere method using NIRS calibration for In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility determination - Prediction Hvst Harvest time. Harvest time Harvest time Plant Harvest date - Measurement Record the date of harvest Sowing date - Measurement Record the date of sowing. Panicle Panicle density PcleDen density Panicle density. Maturity date - Estimation Record maturity date, observed as onset of black spot on the bottom of the grain panicle. Biochemical methane potential based on the dry matter Main shoot stem Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Total Solids (TS) (TS being equivalent to the dry matter). Main shoot stem biomethane potential measured on the basis of the Total Solids (TS) (TS being equivalent to the Dry Matter DM) MnShoStmBMPDM Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Dry Matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSADFDMNIRS Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for ADF determination in the dry matter - Prediction Panicle density - Estimation Observe panicle length, distance between branches and the number of spikelets with grain and record panicle density. LfVCol Score (1-2) Moisture content PcleMoi Panicle moisture content. Panicle Panicle moisture content Record date when 50% of plants in a plot reach the flowering stage. Flowering date - Estimation StmMnShoCPDM Main shoot stem crude protein content of dry matter stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem crude protein content of dry matter crude protein content of dry matter Record date when 50% of the seedlings reach the seedling ermergence stage. Date of seedling emergence - Measurement GAnthrSev Score (1-5) GMoldInc Score (1-9) Leaf Helmenthosoriose disease symptoms presence/absence. Helminthosporiose disease presence Helminth Helminthosporiose disease presence PcleDW Dry weight Main shoot stem Main shoot and tillers panicles dry weight Main shoot and tillers panicles dry weight Visual assessment of grain shape. Grain shape in dorsal view - Estimation Compute number of days required from sowing to ligulation of the flag leaf. Days to flag leaf ligulation - Computation In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility StmMnShoIVOMD stem of the main shoot Main shoot stem In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Main shoot stem In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility Rust incidence - Computation Calculate rust incidence on plants. Van Soest method using NIRS calibration for cellulose determination in the NDF - Computation Cellulose concentration obtained from the Van Soest reference analyses, predicted using a Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration and calculated in reference to the Cell Wall Residue (CWR) content (estimated through the Neutral Detergent Fiber, NDF). The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: VSCellNDFNIRS. Visually asset losses of grain in harvested panicles, damage usually caused by birds, insects, midges, breakages, etc. Empty panicle number - Counting MatApp Score (1-5) ToCol Score (1-5) AgApp Score (1-5) PcleEx Score (1-4) OvPrfvLoc None Overall performance vs local  Mineral Matter determination in the dry matter using NIRS calibration - Prediction Total mineral content based on reference values obtained by ashing at 550°C. In the case of this method Mineral Matter (MM) concentration is predicted using a NIRS calibration and calculated in reference to the dry matter (DM) content. The NIRS calibration information has to be provided. Method abbreviation: MMNIRS Panicle harvested number - Counting Count the number of panicles in the plot actually harvested. Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Panicle dry matter content - Measurement LfCol Score (1-2) cm3 Harvest date - Measurement Record the date of harvest Dry weight Internode inner zone (Z2) dry weight. Outer and inner zones are delimited visually based on their anatomical differences and separated by peeling. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Internode InterNodZ2DW Internode inner zone (Z2) dry weight Stem elongated internodes number - Counting Count of the number of elongated internodes at maturity on the main stem. panicle Sugar content in sorghum stem juice. Stem juice sugar content Stem juice StmJSC sugar content Determination of Potassium content by using nitric acid digestion method (AAS & ICP-OES). Stem Potassium content - Measurement InterNodHemiDM Internode Internode hemicellulose content of dry matter Internode hemicellulose content of dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Hemicellulose content of the dry matter tiller/plant StrigaInc Score (1-5) Germination Rate  GermRt Rate of germination Whole above ground biomass dry matter content - Measurement Measure or calculate dry matter content of a sample by calculating the ratio of the weight of the sample after complete desiccation to the initial weight of the sample. Measuring the volume of juice collected after pressing sorghum stem. Stem juice volume - Measurement panicle/plot Panicle length - Measurement Measure length of the panicle from the first primary branch to the top. None Taste  Tst Whole above ground biomass moisture content - Measurement Measure humidity content of a sample using humidity sensor. g/cm3 Visual assessment of glumes opening. Glume opening - Estimation g/panicle Internode Internode ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter. Internode rank and time of observation must be provided when using this trait. Internode stands here for internode of the main shoot. Ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter Internode ethanol-soluble fructose content in dry matter InterNodFructDM Compute the number of degree days (Thermal time) from emergence to ligulation of the flag leaf. Thermal time from emergence to the ligulation of the flag leaf was computed using an algorithm developed by Jones and Kiniry (1986), considering that growth speed increases as a linear function of temperature between a base and an optimal temperature, and then decreases linearly between optimal and maximal temperature. Cardinal temperatures were 11∞C for base temperature (Tb) (Lafarge and Hammer, 2002), 34∞C for optimum temperature (Topt) and 44∞C for maximum temperature (Tmax) (Abdulai et al., 2012). Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation - computation TTPI Thermal time to panicle inititation Panicle initiation-thermal-time Thermal time to panicle inititation derived from the Thermal Time from emergence to flag leaf ligulation (TTFL) using the linear formula proposed by Folliard et al. (2004) Compute the stem density based on the ratio of the main stem dry weight and the main stem volume Stem density calculation - Computation Grain hardness PSI - Measurement Twenty grams of grain is milled in a Falling Number KT 30 mill and sifted for 1 min through a 250-µm sieve using an air jet sifter (Alpine 200LS). PSI is determined as the proportion of milled grain passing through the sieve. GMoldInc Score (1-5) Nitrogen digestibility NIRS - Measurement Value derived from the analysis of stover using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS). AgApp Plant type desirability. Plant agronomic appreciation Plant agronomic appreciation ml Leaf biomass dry matter content Leaf biomass dry matter content. LfDMC Leaf biomass Dry matter content PcleHNo Number of effectively harvested panicles. Panicle harvested number Panicle harvested number Leaf vein color - Estimation Observe leaf vein color. MidgeInc Score (1-5) Variety farmer preference - Estimation The farmer observes the different plots and assigns a preference score using a scale predefined. Calculate using the formula. Panicle dry matter basis yield (g/plot) - Computation Water content Main shoot leaves water content MnShoLfWC Main shoot leaves water content Main shoot leaves grain/panicle PcleLng Panicle length Panicle length Length of the panicle. scale_of vascular bundle Color of endosperm. Endosperm color EndoCol Endosperm color kg/plot Leaf Biomass yield at harvest (kg/ha) - Computation Calculate using the formula. Damage caused by insects on plants. Insect damage Plant Insect damage InsDmg SootStr Score (0-1) GSz Score (1-5) Calculate the red-colored area of the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section in comparison with the Z2 area Red-colored area in the inner zone (Z2) of the internode cross section - Computation GlmAd Score (1-5) A NIRS spectrum is acquired from a flour sample or a whole grain sample and the protein content is predicted using an appropriate calibration based on the reference method. Protein content NIRS - Measurement Plant number - Counting Count plants in an area or plot. LfMRCol Score (1-5) EndoT Score (1-5) Grain desirability - Estimation Record desirable grain appearance, size (if it matters), presence and absence of mold and testa of the grain.